CN101320019A - Ultrasonic wheel type probe - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wheel type probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN101320019A CN101320019A CNA2007101094398A CN200710109439A CN101320019A CN 101320019 A CN101320019 A CN 101320019A CN A2007101094398 A CNA2007101094398 A CN A2007101094398A CN 200710109439 A CN200710109439 A CN 200710109439A CN 101320019 A CN101320019 A CN 101320019A
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- ultrasonic
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- couplant
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic wheel probe used for a maneuver inspection vehicle, wherein, a stent is connected with the inspection vehicle through a stent shaft. The stent is connected with a step block which is provided with a plurality of inclined planes that are provided with predetermined angle with the level direction. One a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged on every inclined plane. The ultrasonic transducers and the stent are arranged in a coupling medium vessel which is filled with coupling medium. The ultrasonic transducers and the stent are immersed in the coupling medium. The plastic step block is used in the invention as the ultrasonic probe of the supporting body of the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic secondary refraction is used for overcoming the defect that the liquid acoustic velocity various with the change of temperature, thereby causing the refraction angle change of ultrasonic waves. Thus, the ultrasonic inspection is more stable and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic detection device, relate in particular to a kind of ultrasonic wheel type probe that is used for motor-driven inspection car.
Background technology
Ultrasonic test equipment extensively applies to a plurality of technical fields, the principle of UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is: when ultrasound wave is propagated in detected material, because the material acoustics characteristic that the material internal damage causes and the variation of interior tissue can produce certain influence to hyperacoustic propagation, by detection, understand material property and structural change to ultrasound wave degree of susceptibility and situation.
In the process that the railway system is detected rail, also can utilize ultrasound wave that railway track is detected, damage (as the crackle) situation of surveying in the rail prevents trouble before it happens so that took measures before rail fracture.
In existing rail defect-detecting equipment, generally include probe, the probe of mentioning in this application is a ultrasonic transducer, probe can be converted into ultrasound wave with electric pulse, also ultrasound wave can be changed into electric pulse.The emission angle difference of probe, and that the ultrasound wave of launching from each group probe imports the angle that refraction takes place behind the rail into through medium is also different, usually, distinguishes each group probe with the angle at refraction angle, what often adopt is that 0 degree probe, 45 degree probes, 70 degree are popped one's head in.Wherein the refraction angle is meant the angle of the ultrasound wave direction of propagation and rail vertical direction in rail.Two 70 degree probes are used to detect the head of rail, and 45 degree probes are used to detect the waist (as the screw place of rail connecting portion) of rail, and 0 degree probe then is used to detect the bottom of rail.
A kind of motor-driven ultrasonic inspection car is arranged, this car has two and surveys wheel, and each surveys the probe that comprises two groups of different refraction angles in the wheel, the rail conditions in one group of detecting wheel the place ahead, it comprises one 45 degree probe and one 70 degree probe, and two probes point to wheel the place ahead.Another group comprises one 45 degree probe and one 70 degree probe, and two probes point to the wheel rear, are used for the rail conditions at detecting wheel rear.
The probe of this motor-driven probe vehicles is installed in two respectively and surveys in the wheel, and surveys in the wheel and can be marked with liquid, is beneficial to the ultrasound wave conduction, after ultrasound wave sees through the liquid of surveying in the wheel, is conducted into rail again and surveys damage in the rail.
After ultrasound wave entered rail, because liquid belongs to two kinds of different media with rail in the wheel, ultrasound wave can reflect after liquid enters rail, and the refraction angle is meant the angle of refracted beam and vertical direction.
According to the refraction principle of acoustics, the angle of the ultrasonic beam in the rail is:
β＝arcsin(V
steel/V
fluid*sin(α))
Wherein, α is an incident angle, and β is the refraction angle, V
FluidBe the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in liquid (being couplant); V
SteelBe the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in rail; Incident angle is the angle of incident wave beam and vertical direction.
According to the aforementioned calculation formula, can survey the degree of impairment of rail predetermined position by refracting ultrasound ripple at a predetermined angle.
As can be seen, the not only integrated degree of this motor-driven probe vehicles is lower, the whole mechanical dimension of vehicle is bigger, the more important thing is, because the velocity of propagation V of ultrasound wave in liquid
FluidBe subjected to Temperature Influence clearly, so can there be bigger variation at the refraction angle of ultrasound beamformer in rail with variation of temperature, thereby be difficult to exactly the predetermined position of rail be surveyed.
Summary of the invention
At the defective of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ultrasonic wheel type probe that sonic velocity change causes omission (for example, hinder in rail, but probe not finding) that can overcome in the liquid.
The ultrasonic wheel type probe that is used for inspection car provided by the invention comprises: a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, support, couplant and couplant container, wherein, support is connected with described inspection car by support shaft, described support is connected with ladder block, described ladder block has a plurality of inclined-planes from the horizontal by predetermined angular, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed on each inclined-plane, ultrasonic transducer and support are positioned at the couplant internal tank, described couplant container is a colyliform, be filled with couplant in described couplant container, ultrasonic transducer and support are immersed in the couplant.
Wherein, described ladder block has the inclined-plane of five different angles, comprising two in the described inclined-plane, to make ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail be that to make ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail be the inclined-plane of 37-45 degree for the inclined-plane, two of 65-70 degree, and one make ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail be 0 the degree the inclined-plane, on five inclined-planes, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed.Wherein making ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail is on the inclined-plane of 65-70 degree three ultrasonic transducers to be installed, and described three ultrasonic transducers are respectively applied for inboard, middle part and the outside of checking rail's end portion.
It is that the ultrasound piezoelectric sheet is attached on the inclined-plane that a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed, and covers back lining materials again on piezoelectric patches.
Selectively, the shell and the inclined-plane that a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed are ultrasonic transducer are spirally connected, and have screw thread on described shell and the inclined-plane.
Described support shaft is divided into two sections, and the support both sides are connected with a section of support shaft respectively.Described support is an arch, and described ladder block is installed in the bottom surface of arch support.
The contrast prior art is installed a plurality of probes concentratedly and can be made signal and image be easier to that the person of being operated is understood in a tire and judge, reduces and judges by accident.Use the ultrasonic probe of plastics ladder block among the present invention as the supporter of ultrasonic transducer, utilize the ultrasound wave birefringence, it is temperature variant and cause and the shortcoming that the ultrasound wave refraction angle changes in the rail make the UT (Ultrasonic Testing) more reliable and more stable to have overcome liquid acoustic velocity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that the mechanical shelf of wheel seach unit is installed on the ultrasonic inspection car;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the ultrasonic wheel type probe of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure and the connection diagram of ladder block in the embodiments of the present invention, support and wheel shaft.
Embodiment
The invention provides ultrasonic wheel type probe and be applicable to motor-driven inspection car.The parts that motor-driven inspection car is relevant with wheel seach unit comprise that mechanical shelf base 1, guide rail wheel 2, ultrasonic probe comprise a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 3, support 4, couplant 5, couplant container 6 and stepped unit of plastic 7.As shown in Figure 1, ultrasonic probe of the present invention is an inspection car, can see, two guide rail wheels 2 are installed below base 1, and guide rail wheel 2 can roll along rail, thereby motor-driven inspection car is moved on rail.In the middle of two guide rail wheels 2, a colyliform container 6 is installed, main ultrasonic emitting, detecting element just are installed in this colyliform container 6, are filled with couplant 5 in this colyliform container 6.Colyliform container 6 contacts with the rail surface, and also can roll on rail.The brush that is connected with at front-wheel is used for providing waterline between colyliform container 6 and rail, conducts into rail to help ultrasound wave.Brush has the effect of cleaning rail level simultaneously.
Wherein, ultrasonic transducer 3 can adopt any suitable transducer according to practical application, here the ultrasonic transducer that produces the ultrasonic beam at 70 degree refraction angles among the figure in rail is called 70 degree probes, the ultrasonic transducer that produces 45 degree refraction angle wave beams in rail is called 45 degree probes, and producing vertically downward in rail, the ultrasonic transducer of wave beam is called 0 degree probe.As shown in the figure, the refraction angle is the wave beam that reflects in rail and the angle of vertical direction.Because the wave beam that 70 degree probes produce concentrates on rail top, therefore, 70 degree probes are mainly used to detect the damage of rail's end portion.In like manner 45 degree probes are mainly used to detect the damage of rail waist, and 0 degree probe is mainly used to detect the damage of rail foot and at the horizontal crackle at any position.
Because the damage of rail's end portion much is to tilt with 15 degree～25 degree, when the ultrasonic beam of 70 degree can impinge perpendicularly in the described damage, stronger for damage reflected signal with above-mentioned angle tilt, be easy to detect, in addition, the refraction angle of ultrasonic transducer 3 also can be arranged between the 65-70 degree.The 45 degree wave beams that the probe of 45 degree produces at rail are mainly used to detect the damage of rail waist, for example crackle of rail junction screw.Also can adopt the smaller slightly beam angle in refraction angle, for example, the refracted beam angular range of ultrasonic transducer 3 can be arranged between the 37-45 degree.Similarly, 0 degree probe produces ultrasonic beam straight down in rail, and the horizontal crackle that is mainly used to detect in the rail is vertical with ultrasonic beam straight down because of horizontal crackle.The reflected signal of above-mentioned horizontal crackle is the strongest when ultrasonic beam is vertical with bolt hole crack, is easy to most detect.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the ultrasonic probe of embodiments of the present invention.In the present embodiment, notch cuttype unit of plastic 7 is installed in the metal support 4 following (metal support 4 does not show, please referring to Fig. 3) of arch in Fig. 2, ultrasonic transducer 3 is installed on this unit of plastic 7.The installation surface of unit of plastic 7 is processed into the ladder of different angles, and the piezoelectric patches of ultrasonic transducer 3 is directly sticked on the ladder of unit of plastic, covers back lining materials again on piezoelectric patches.Also can select general rotatable ultrasonic transducer 3, have screw thread on the shell of this transducer transducer, correspondingly also have screw thread on the described inclined-plane, shell and the inclined-plane a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed are ultrasonic transducer are spirally connected.Preferably, making ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail in the present embodiment is on the inclined-plane of 65-70 degree three ultrasonic transducers to be installed, and described three ultrasonic transducers are respectively applied for inboard, middle part and the outside of checking rail's end portion.Then, whole ladder unit of plastic 7, support 4, ultrasonic transducer 3 assemblies are placed on media Containers 6, promptly in the tire.Be filled with water in the tire, water is as hyperacoustic couplant, and described assembly is immersed in the water.After ultrasound wave was sent in ultrasonic transducer 3 generation vibrations, ultrasound wave at first directly imported the plastics ladder block, imports into the water from plastics ladder block 7 then, and last, ultrasound wave imports rail from water.
According to Principles of Acoustics, before ultrasonic beam enters rail, twice refraction will be arranged, refraction for the first time is to enter the refraction that couplant takes place from unit of plastic, the refraction angle is:
β＝arcsin(V
fluid/V
plastic*sin(α)) (1)
Refraction for the second time is to enter the refraction that rail takes place from couplant, and the refraction angle is:
μ＝arcsin(V
steel/V
fluid*sin(β)) (2)
Formula (1) substitution formula (2) is just obtained,
μ＝arcsin(V
steel/V
plastic*sin(α)) (3)
Wherein the μ of formula (3) lining is the refraction angle of ultrasound wave in rail, and it is only by the ultrasonic velocity V in the rail
Steel, hyperacoustic speed V in the plastics
PlasticAnd the decision of the angle [alpha] of plastics ladder and vertical direction, and irrelevant with the factor of wheel tyre cavity liquid, because V
SteelAnd V
PlasticTherefore be subjected to Temperature Influence very little, can think that hyperacoustic refraction angle is not subjected to Temperature Influence in the final rail.
The material of ladder can adopt plastics in the present embodiment, but also can adopt the good material of other ultrasound wave sound conductivities, such as organic glass etc.
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of ladder block in the embodiments of the present invention, support and wheel shaft.This synoptic diagram comprises the cut-open view of A-A section in the syndeton, and as shown in the figure, parts comprise metal support 4, plastics ladder block 7 and support shaft 8.Wherein, as shown in the figure, metal support 4 is the arch support of " roof " shape of bending, and support 4 is connected with support shaft 8, and described support shaft 8 is divided into two sections, in the middle of two sections axles ultrasound wave is passed through.The both sides at support 4 middle parts respectively by screw and support shaft 8 wherein one section be connected.As can be seen, metal support 4 has U type groove on axis from the A-A sectional view.There are the unit of plastic 7 usefulness screws of predetermined angular cascaded surface to be installed in below the arch metal support 4.The both sides, middle part of roof shape metal support 4 are installed on the axle 8 with screw.Unit of plastic 7 cores are hollow, can be directly on the inclined-plane of ladder mounting ultrasonic transducer 3 or on the inclined-plane, paste the ultrasound piezoelectric sheet, fill back lining materials then.
Although the present invention is described in conjunction with above-mentioned preferred implementation, but its realization is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, should be realized that under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention and scope, those skilled in the art can make different variations and modification to the present invention.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ultrasonic wheel type probe that is used for motor-driven inspection car is characterized in that, comprising: a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, support, couplant and couplant container,
Wherein, support is connected with described motor-driven inspection car by support shaft, described support is connected with ladder block, described ladder block has a plurality of inclined-planes from the horizontal by predetermined angular, on each inclined-plane ultrasonic transducer is installed, ultrasonic transducer and support are positioned at the couplant internal tank, and described couplant container is a colyliform, be filled with couplant in described couplant container, ultrasonic transducer and support are immersed in the couplant.
2, ultrasonic wheel type probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ladder block has the inclined-plane of five different angles, comprising two in the described inclined-plane, to make ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail be that to make ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail be the inclined-plane of 37-45 degree for the inclined-plane, two of 65-70 degree, and one make ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail be 0 the degree the inclined-plane, on five inclined-planes, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed.
3, ultrasonic wheel type probe according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, wherein making ultrasound wave refraction angle in rail is on the inclined-plane of 65-70 degree three ultrasonic transducers to be installed, and described three ultrasonic transducers are respectively applied for inboard, middle part and the outside of checking rail's end portion.
According to any one described ultrasonic wheel type probe among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 4, it is that the ultrasound piezoelectric sheet is attached on the inclined-plane that a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed, and covers back lining materials again on piezoelectric patches.
According to any one described ultrasonic wheel type probe among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 5, the shell and the inclined-plane that a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed are ultrasonic transducer are spirally connected, and have screw thread on described shell and the inclined-plane.
6, ultrasonic wheel type probe according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described support shaft is divided into two sections, and the support both sides are connected with a section of support shaft respectively.
7, ultrasonic wheel type probe according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described support is an arch, and described ladder block is installed in the bottom surface of arch support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101094398A CN101320019A (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2007-06-21 | Ultrasonic wheel type probe |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200720147497 | 2007-06-07 | ||
| CN200720147497.5 | 2007-06-07 | ||
| CNA2007101094398A CN101320019A (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2007-06-21 | Ultrasonic wheel type probe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101320019A true CN101320019A (en) | 2008-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101094398A Pending CN101320019A (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2007-06-21 | Ultrasonic wheel type probe |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103293222A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 斯百力铁路公司 | System and method for non-destructive testing of railroad rails |
| CN103645250A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 合肥华欣自控设备成套有限公司 | Integrated transducer for soft-contact metal defect detection |
| CN104267106A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-07 | 中华人民共和国南通出入境检验检疫局 | Self-coupling ultrasonic detection probe device |
| CN109115326A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-01 | 安徽大学 | Acoustic velocity tester with variable angle of receiving transducer and using method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-06-21 CN CNA2007101094398A patent/CN101320019A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103293222A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 斯百力铁路公司 | System and method for non-destructive testing of railroad rails |
| CN103293222B (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2015-08-19 | 斯百力铁路公司 | Railway track is carried out to the system and method for nondestructive test |
| CN103645250A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 合肥华欣自控设备成套有限公司 | Integrated transducer for soft-contact metal defect detection |
| CN104267106A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-07 | 中华人民共和国南通出入境检验检疫局 | Self-coupling ultrasonic detection probe device |
| CN109115326A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-01 | 安徽大学 | Acoustic velocity tester with variable angle of receiving transducer and using method thereof |
| CN109115326B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2024-04-09 | 安徽大学 | Sound velocity measuring instrument with variable angle of receiving transducer and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20081210 |