CN101318480B

CN101318480B - Automobile safety headrest

Info

Publication number: CN101318480B
Application number: CN2007100690755A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴如军
Original assignee: ZHU QIANLU
Current assignee: ZHU QIANLU
Priority date: 2007-06-09
Filing date: 2007-06-09
Publication date: 2011-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2027-06-09
Also published as: CN101318480A

Abstract

The invention provides a safe vehicle headrest which includes an outer coat and a foam layer in the outer coat; the foam layer is internally provided with a shell and a connector which is led out from the shell and arranged on the backrest of a chair; a set of four-bar linkage the hinging shaft of which is vertical to the front and the back directions of the headrest is also arranged in the shell. An offset spring (7) and a ratchet wheel mechanism (5) are arranged in the four-bar linkage; the ratchet wheel mechanism includes a device which restores the ratchet wheel mechanism to an original state. When a vehicle is impacted at the back, the head of a passenger impacts the headrest, thus leading a safe mechanism in the headrest to absorb an impacting force so as to generate a horizontal displacement between the headrest and the backrest of a chair and allow the head of the passenger to move backwards; when the force is larger, the headrest after moving backwards generates a restoring force to the front, thus not only supporting the head to avoid generating reciprocating swing and damaging a cervical vertebra, but also restoring to the original state for the preparation of generating a safety action when the vehicle is impacted at the back for next time; the safe vehicle headrest has simple structure, is fast to restore the original state and is a quite safe vehicle headrest.

Description

Automobile safety headrest

What technical field the present invention relates to is a kind of automobile safety headrest, is a kind of vehicular spare parts.

The background technology automobile safety headrest, be mounted on the automobile chair in order to depend on the automobile component of occupant's head, the bump forward that it can stop head to be subjected to because of the tailstock when rear-end collision, promptly back to bump and suddenly to layback, and then prevent to damage head and cervical vertebra.When automobile suffers the back to when bump, car body cause suddenly leaning on backward suddenly of occupant forward, and the seat back of the body etc. arranged below the back this moment stop that head then can be suddenly to layback.This moment as nothing are relied on, and then cervical vertebra must be sprained, and but can not absorb impact if any relying on, and then head must be wounded.Normally used headrest is all only at the material of overcoat liner one deck foam as the absorption impact, but effect is bad.Just like Chinese invention patent 03275979.7 " safety seat " a kind of safety seat is disclosed also, have the headrest, the chair back and the seat support that from top to bottom are connected in turn, inside at above-mentioned parts is equipped with at least one energy disperser respectively, and the plate washer that area is enough to cover energy disperser is equipped with at the setpoint distance place in the place ahead of energy disperser.Also disclose a kind of head rest device, having comprised just like Chinese invention patent application 200510080407.0 " head rest device ": the headrest mechanism for lifting, this headrest mechanism for lifting is bearing in headrest the upper end of back of seat and headrest is risen; Be subjected to pressure plates, this is subjected to pressure plates to be arranged on back of seat in the mode relative with occupant's back, and when vehicle was knocked into the back, this was moved to the vehicle body rear under the effect of force of inertia by pressure plates; Transmission device, this transmission device will be subjected to pressure plates to be connected to the headrest mechanism for lifting, be subjected to pressure plates when move at the car body rear, make the action of headrest mechanism for lifting and the rise of will resting the head on; Above-mentioned transmission device is an elongated member, and it will be subjected to pressure plates to pass to the headrest mechanism for lifting to the mode that moves with tensile load at vehicle body rear.More than all; or the elastic force deficiency can be collided head with the headrest inner casing; or flexible deficiency makes head and headrest appearance collision, or replying state speed is unhappy and can not accept the continuous afterwards occupant is played a protective role during to bump, or the too complicated reliability of structure is not strong.

Summary of the invention is at above-mentioned deficiency; technical matters to be solved by this invention is to make headrest that the automobile safety headrest of neck protection can effectively be provided for the occupant as a simple structure how, and a kind of automobile safety headrest that has after the good absorption to impact will be provided exactly.

Safety vehicle headrest provided by the invention, froth bed in overcoat and the overcoat is arranged, it in froth bed a housing, draw in the housing and be installed to the attaching parts that seat leans against, also have the four-bar linkage of a cover hinge in the housing perpendicular to the headrest fore-and-aft direction, this four-bar linkage is installed on housing and the attaching parts with different bars, one retracing spring is installed in four-bar linkage, the retracing spring two ends are installed on different bars respectively, and the elastic force of retracing spring makes the bar that housing is installed forwards swing with respect to the bar that attaching parts is installed, one ratchet device also is installed in four-bar linkage, pawl-and-gearing in the ratchet device is installed in respectively on the different bars, and the direction that ratchet can slide at the ratchet flank of tooth is the direction that the bar of installation housing is rearward swung with respect to the bar that attaching parts is installed, ratchet overcomes retracing spring elastic force to the power that ratchet plays the non-return effect in the ratchet device, and ratchet device comprises the device that makes ratchet and hook tooth break away from and make ratchet device answer virgin state when ratchet slips over ratchet upper limit tooth.

Safety vehicle headrest provided by the invention, the transverse bar up and down of said four-bar linkage is parallel with the headrest fore-and-aft direction, and the headrest inner housing is installed on the transverse bar, following transverse bar and attaching parts welding; Said retracing spring adopts the cylinder torsion-coil spring, and two ends are against hinge respectively between longitudinal rod at angle on forward lower comer or the back and transverse bar; Said ratchet device is that the return mechanism by a bar shaped ratchet, ratchet and ratchet constitutes, and bar shaped ratchet and ratchet are installed in respectively on a pair of longitudinal rod and transverse bar of hinge angle or posterior angle on preceding; The return mechanism of ratchet is: have two teeth to lay respectively at the both sides of pawl axis on the ratchet in addition, with ratchet point homonymy be from tooth, opposite side for closing tooth; The one control tooth that exceeds other teeth is arranged in the rear end of bar shaped ratchet; At ratchet and install between the bar of ratchet one arc spring is installed, arc silk spring the attachment point on the ratchet at pawl axis and arc spring between the attachment point on the bar; When joining with tooth top between ratchet point and the bar shaped hook tooth, arc spring the attachment point on the ratchet be positioned at its at attachment point on the bar and ratchet the attachment point line on bar near a side of bar shaped ratchet; When joining with tooth top between the control tooth on tooth and bar shaped hook tooth on the ratchet, arc silk spring is positioned at it at the attachment point on the ratchet, and the attachment point line on bar leaves a side of bar shaped ratchet at attachment point on the bar and ratchet; When on closing tooth and bar shaped hook tooth on the ratchet, joining with tooth top between the control tooth, arc silk spring the attachment point on the ratchet be positioned at its at attachment point on the bar and ratchet the attachment point line on bar near a side of bar shaped ratchet.

The orientation of equal up and down finger pillow in vehicle, said front and back.

Safety vehicle headrest provided by the invention, the maximum changing of the relative positions distance of the last lower transverse connecting rod of said four-bar linkage is 102mm, the power that promotes this parallelogram changing of the relative positions is greater than 0.1MPa, promptly when headrest is subjected to impulse force greater than 0.1MPa, the elastic force that said four-bar linkage promptly overcomes retracing spring makes the tooth on ratchet and the ratchet do the changing of the relative positions, the number of teeth of the big more then changing of the relative positions of suffered power is many more, until reaching maximum changing of the relative positions distance.

Safety vehicle headrest provided by the invention, said ratchet device has 4 ratchets, and the power that promotes this parallelogram changing of the relative positions is: tooth of the changing of the relative positions is greater than 0.1MPa, and 2 teeth of the changing of the relative positions are greater than 0.17MPa, and 3 teeth of the changing of the relative positions are greater than 0.25MPa.

Safety vehicle provided by the invention headrest is installed in the attaching parts that is coated with the housing of froth bed in the headrest and headrest is installed on the seat respectively on the transverse bar up and down of one cover four-bar linkage, makes between headrest and the seat and can do relative front and back displacement.And a pair of ratchet device has been installed between the wherein a pair of vertical transverse bar and to the arc silk spring of the ratchet application of force, has been made them constitute a cover four-bar linkage.When last four-bar linkage deformed, back one or four connecting rods also deformed simultaneously, and this distortion is satisfied, located by the engagement side set between ratchet and the bar shaped ratchet.So constitute a safety gear.

This safety gear is when initial condition, and front portion one tooth of ratchet and bar shaped ratchet offsets, and the power of should supporting is provided by the elastic force of retracing spring and headrest remained on just in time make rest the head on thereon position of occupant.When headrest is accepted backward power, make every effort to overcome the elastic force of having obeyed retracing spring as this, then last four-bar linkage deforms, cause back one four-bar linkage also to deform, be that ratchet slides to the rear portion of bar shaped ratchet, at this moment the attachment point line on bar makes arc silk spring that ratchet is pressed to the bar shaped ratchet near a side of bar shaped ratchet at attachment point on the bar and ratchet because of arc silk spring is positioned at it at the attachment point on the ratchet.Bigger as this power, make ratchet slide to the rear portion of bar shaped ratchet fully, the control tooth from tooth and bar shaped ratchet on the ratchet is interlaced, the control tooth rotates according to installation shaft through promoting ratchet from tooth, arc silk spring was positioned at it at the attachment point on the ratchet attachment point line on bar left a side of bar shaped ratchet at attachment point on the bar and ratchet this moment again, arc silk spring is pressed ratchet from the bar shaped ratchet, make ratchet device ineffective.When this power disappears, retracing spring makes last four-bar linkage be tending towards being returned to initial condition, back one four-bar linkage also is tending towards being returned to initial condition, be ratchet and preceding move and the control tooth that closes tooth and bar shaped ratchet on it is differed, control tooth ECDC tooth promotes ratchet and rotates according to installation shaft, again this moment arc silk spring the attachment point on the ratchet be positioned at its at attachment point on the bar and ratchet the attachment point line on bar near a side of bar shaped ratchet, make arc silk spring that ratchet is pressed to the bar shaped ratchet, make whole safety gear be returned to initial condition.

In sum, safety vehicle headrest provided by the invention, when automobile is subjected to the back to bump, occupant's head hits headrest, make safety gear in the headrest absorb impact and rest the head on and seat back between horizontal displacement, allow that occupant's head moves backward, when this power is big, headrest produces a restoring force again forward after moving backward, both held head and avoided reciprocally swinging takes place and make cervical spine injury, and be returned to initial condition in order to when being subjected to the back, produce safety effect next time to bump.Simultaneously, this safety gear is subjected to other power of pulling backward and is subjected to displacement when the non-generation of headrest bump after, there is last tooth of bar shaped ratchet can play the effect that absorbs impact at least, as pulls and more also can be returned to initial condition.Safety vehicle provided by the invention headrest, compared with prior art simple in structure and to reply virgin state quick, be a kind of automotive headrest as safe as a house.

Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the figure of assembled shaft system of one embodiment of the invention, 1 is the cross tube of a four-bar linkage among the figure, there is the wall of outwards turning back its front side in order to headrest safety gear housing to be installed, about cross tube has two, 2 is the back vertical pole of this four-bar linkage, lateral cross section is an opening ㄩ shape structure forward, 3 is arc silk spring, in the aperture after two ends folding hook is hooked in respectively on vertical pole and the ratchet, 4 is ratchet, 5 is the sheer pole of this four-bar linkage, the longitudinal cross-section is the ㄩ shape structure that opening makes progress, be connected with the bar shaped ratchet on it on the sidewall, the attaching parts that diapire is installed in order to welding and seat back, 6 is the preceding vertical pole of this four-bar linkage, lateral cross section is an opening ㄩ shape structure backward, four connecting rods of this four-bar linkage are all hinged with axle with sidewall, 12 is the jointed shaft of part 1 and

part

2,16 is the jointed shaft of

part

1 and 6,25 is the jointed shaft of part 2 and

part

5, and 56 is the jointed shaft of part 5 and

part

6, and 24 is that ratchet 4 is installed to the jointed shaft on the vertical pole 2 of back, 7 for being enclosed within the cylinder torsion-coil spring on the axle 56, and both ends of the spring is against respectively on the diapire of sheer pole and preceding vertical pole; In addition, a is for exceeding the control tooth of other teeth in one of bar shaped ratchet rear end, and b is the bar shaped hook tooth, and c be and b ingear ratchet point, d be with the c homonymy be from tooth, e be with c not the same side close tooth;

Fig. 2 be installing mechanism after each part is installed among Fig. 1 at the virgin state structural representation, same Fig. 1 of each part among the figure;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the another kind of implementing method of the present invention, and among the figure: 100 is housing, and 101 is cross tube, and 102 is the back vertical pole, and 104 is ratchet, and 105 is sheer pole, and 106 is preceding vertical pole, and 107 is spring, and 110 is attaching parts, and 10b is a ratchet;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another implementing method of the present invention, and among the figure: 200 is housing, and 201 is cross tube, and 202 is the back vertical pole, and 204 is ratchet, and 205 is sheer pole, and 206 is preceding vertical pole, and 207 is spring, and 210 is attaching parts, and 20b is a ratchet.

The specific embodiment as shown in Figure 1, 2, one four-bar linkage is arranged, with cross tube 1, sheer pole 5, preceding vertical pole 6, back vertical pole 2 respectively with jointed shaft 12, jointed shaft 16, jointed shaft 25, jointed shaft 56 with the other end of the two ends of an end of cross tube two ends and front and back vertical pole, sheer pole and the front and back vertical pole formation that is hinged together.Wherein, cross tube has two, in the left and right sides of four-bar linkage outermost, the wall that each part has the sidewall front side of hinged axis hole to have thereon outwards to turn back is in order to install headrest safety gear housing, said headrest safety gear housing is a housing in the headrest, housing is in froth bed, and froth bed has overcoat outward.Its excess-three bar connecting rod all is opening to four-bar linkage in-to-in ㄩ shape structure, and preceding vertical pole is at innermost layer, and sheer pole takes second place, and back vertical pole is one deck within cross tube once more, all establishes hinged axis hole on sidewall.The sheer pole diapire is welded on the top of a JiongXing Gan, and two straight-bars of JiongXing Gan are the attaching partss of headrest and seat back, are used for being inserted in the preformed hole of seat back.Aforementioned front and back up and down orientation are to determine with the position of seat in car, promptly before vertical pole in headrest towards occupant's head one side.On the left side wall of sheer pole, have one to be the bar shaped ratchet in axle center with back vertical pole jointed shaft with it, on the vertical pole left side wall of back, ratchet 4 is installed with jointed shaft 24, arc silk spring 3 is installed between ratchet and back vertical pole, arc silk spring is to be hooked in respectively in the aperture on back vertical pole and the ratchet with two ends folding hook, arc silk spring the attachment point on the ratchet pawl axis and arc silk spring after between the attachment point on the vertical pole.Have retracing spring 7 to be enclosed within on the jointed shaft 56 of sheer pole and preceding vertical pole, retracing spring is a cylinder torsion-coil spring, and both ends of the spring is against the inside bottom wall of sheer pole and preceding vertical pole respectively.

In the said structure, the ratchet front end is and bar shaped hook tooth b ingear ratchet point c, and ratchet respectively has a tooth in installation shaft 24 both sides, with ratchet point homonymy be from tooth d, opposite side for closing tooth e.The one control tooth a that exceeds other teeth is arranged in the rear end of bar shaped ratchet.The relation of the installation site of these teeth and arc silk spring is: when joining with tooth top between ratchet point and the bar shaped hook tooth, arc silk spring is positioned at its attachment point on the vertical pole of back and the attachment point line of ratchet on sheer pole near a side of bar shaped ratchet at the attachment point on the ratchet, makes the elastic force of arc silk spring point to the bar shaped ratchet; When on tooth and bar shaped hook tooth, joining with tooth top between the control tooth on the ratchet, arc silk spring is positioned at the side that its attachment point on the vertical pole of back and the attachment point line of ratchet on sheer pole leave the bar shaped ratchet at the attachment point on the ratchet,, make the direction of the elastic force sensing of arc silk spring away from the bar shaped ratchet; When on closing tooth and bar shaped hook tooth on the ratchet, joining with tooth top between the control tooth, arc silk spring is positioned at its attachment point on the vertical pole of back and the attachment point line of ratchet on sheer pole near a side of bar shaped ratchet at the attachment point on the ratchet, makes the elastic force of arc silk spring point to the bar shaped ratchet again.

Full pattern is tested according to GB11550-1995 " car seat headrest performance requriements and test method " through China national car mass supervision and inspection center, the safety vehicle headrest that last example is provided its bounce-back acceleration/accel when accepting rear impact does not surpass 80 grams.

The foregoing description is not unique embodiment of the present invention, can make different embodiments with prior art with technical characterictic disclosed by the invention.As:

As shown in Figure 3, housing 100 is installed on the preceding vertical pole 106, attaching parts 110 is installed on the sheer pole 105, one circular column draft helical spring 107 is installed between back vertical pole 102 and the sheer pole, the relative sheer pole of vertical pole is when swinging backward before housing is made by head impact, thus spring be elongated produce one make before the elastic force that resets forward of vertical pole.Ratchet 104 is installed on the cross tube 101 and ratchet 10b is installed on the sheer pole, it is oblique that the angle of hook tooth goes up angle lapping backward from forward lower comer, the ratchet point is gone up the angle from the back and is pointed to forward lower comer, when being subjected to head impact, housing make cross tube when sheer pole moves backward, the ratchet point slides on the ratchet flank of tooth, and cross tube trend when resetting the ratchet point be against on the hook tooth.And for example:

As shown in Figure 4, housing 200 is installed on the sheer pole 205, pipe link 210 is installed on the vertical pole 202 of back, one cylinder torsion-coil spring 207 is installed between back vertical pole and the sheer pole, when housing is subjected to head impact, the relative sheer pole of back vertical pole is swung forward and has been reduced angle between them, and spring is reversed and produces the elastic force that enlarges angle between back vertical pole and the sheer pole.Ratchet 204 is installed in preceding vertical pole 206, ratchet 20b is installed on the cross tube 201, the angle of hook tooth tilts from the preceding angle posterior angle of going up, the ratchet point is gone up the angle before pointing to from the posterior angle, when the relative cross tube of vertical pole is swung backward before housing is made by head impact, the ratchet point slides on the ratchet flank of tooth, and preceding vertical pole trend when resetting the ratchet point be against on the hook tooth.

Claims

1. a safety vehicle is rested the head on, froth bed in overcoat and the overcoat is arranged, it in froth bed a housing, draw in the housing and be installed to the attaching parts that seat leans against, it is characterized in that also having in the housing four-bar linkage of a cover hinge perpendicular to the headrest fore-and-aft direction, the transverse bar up and down of said four-bar linkage is parallel with the headrest fore-and-aft direction, and the headrest inner housing is installed on the transverse bar, following transverse bar and attaching parts welding; One retracing spring is installed in four-bar linkage, and the elastic force of retracing spring makes the bar that housing is installed forwards swing with respect to the bar that attaching parts is installed, said retracing spring adopts the cylinder torsion-coil spring, and two ends are against hinge respectively between longitudinal rod at angle on forward lower comer or the back and transverse bar; One ratchet device also is installed in four-bar linkage, and said ratchet device is made of bar shaped ratchet, ratchet and ratchet return mechanism, and wherein bar shaped ratchet and ratchet are installed in respectively on a pair of longitudinal rod and transverse bar of hinge angle or posterior angle on preceding; And the direction that ratchet can slide at the ratchet flank of tooth is the direction that the bar of installation housing is rearward swung with respect to the bar that attaching parts is installed, ratchet overcomes retracing spring elastic force to the power that ratchet plays the non-return effect in the ratchet device, the return mechanism of ratchet is to make ratchet and hook tooth break away from and make the device of ratchet device answer virgin state when ratchet slips over ratchet upper limit tooth, specifically: have two teeth to lay respectively at the both sides of pawl axis on the ratchet in addition, with ratchet point homonymy be from tooth, opposite side for closing tooth; The one control tooth that exceeds other teeth is arranged in the rear end of bar shaped ratchet; At ratchet and install between the bar of ratchet one arc spring is installed, arc silk spring the attachment point on the ratchet at pawl axis and arc spring between the attachment point on the bar; When joining with tooth top between ratchet point and the bar shaped hook tooth, arc spring the attachment point on the ratchet be positioned at its at attachment point on the bar and ratchet the attachment point line on bar near a side of bar shaped ratchet; When joining with tooth top between the control tooth on tooth and bar shaped hook tooth on the ratchet, arc silk spring is positioned at it at the attachment point on the ratchet, and the attachment point line on bar leaves a side of bar shaped ratchet at attachment point on the bar and ratchet; When on closing tooth and bar shaped hook tooth on the ratchet, joining with tooth top between the control tooth, arc silk spring the attachment point on the ratchet be positioned at its at attachment point on the bar and ratchet the attachment point line on bar near a side of bar shaped ratchet; The maximum changing of the relative positions of the last lower transverse connecting rod of said and the parallel four-bar linkage of headrest fore-and-aft direction is apart from being 102mm, and the power that promotes this parallelogramming deflection is greater than 0.1MPa; Said ratchet device has 4 ratchets, and the power that promotes this parallelogramming deflection is: the ratchet point slips over a hook tooth greater than 0.1MPa, slips over 2 hook tooths greater than 0.17MPa, slips over 3 hook tooths greater than 0.25MPa.