CN101314500A - Microorganism film forming method - Google Patents
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- CN101314500A CN101314500A CNA2007101057882A CN200710105788A CN101314500A CN 101314500 A CN101314500 A CN 101314500A CN A2007101057882 A CNA2007101057882 A CN A2007101057882A CN 200710105788 A CN200710105788 A CN 200710105788A CN 101314500 A CN101314500 A CN 101314500A
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012762 magnetic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000032770 biofilm formation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobarium;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron Chemical compound [Ba]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及水处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于生物膜法处理工业废水或生活污水的快速微生物挂膜方法。The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a rapid microbial membrane-hanging method for treating industrial wastewater or domestic sewage with a biofilm method.
背景技术 Background technique
生物膜是生物水处理技术的核心，生物膜的好坏直接关系到生物水处理装置的处理效果。影响生物膜形成(挂膜性能)的关键因素主要有两个方面，一是挂膜方法，二是生物填料的表面性能。要使微生物在填料上的挂膜过程时间短、见效快，关键在于：挂膜前必须有足量的微生物，且必须适应在废水进入生物反应器时的环境下生长，这样，微生物一旦被吸附在填料上，无需适应期而迅速生长繁殖；其次是在挂膜时，菌液中的微生物与固相填料之间有较强的吸附、粘附能力，而且附着牢固。关于前者原理与方法，目前已被广泛运用。Biofilm is the core of biological water treatment technology, and the quality of biofilm is directly related to the treatment effect of biological water treatment equipment. There are two key factors affecting the formation of biofilm (film-hanging performance), one is the method of film-hanging, and the other is the surface properties of the biological filler. To make the film-hanging process of microorganisms on the filler short and effective, the key is: there must be a sufficient amount of microorganisms before the film-hanging, and they must adapt to the environment when the wastewater enters the bioreactor. In this way, once the microorganisms are adsorbed On the filler, it can grow and reproduce rapidly without an adaptation period; secondly, when the film is formed, the microorganisms in the bacterial solution and the solid phase filler have strong adsorption and adhesion capabilities, and the adhesion is firm. The principles and methods of the former have been widely used at present.
对后一因素，目前关于生物填料改性方面的报导比较多，包括表面亲水改性、生物亲和改性及磁化改性等。其中，磁化改性填料作为一种新型的生物填料，通过在制备填料过程中添加磁粉或强磁微粒，并充磁，使填料带有弱磁性，然后将填料直接加入菌液而挂膜，可激活某些微生物活性，实现磁效应在生物水处理中的应用。但由于大多数微生物磁响应性较弱，挂膜速度慢且挂膜量少，微生物与固相填料之间吸附力不强。For the latter factor, there are many reports on the modification of biological fillers, including surface hydrophilic modification, bioaffinity modification and magnetization modification. Among them, the magnetized modified filler is a new type of biological filler. By adding magnetic powder or strong magnetic particles during the preparation of the filler and magnetizing it, the filler has weak magnetism, and then the filler is directly added to the bacterial solution to form a film. Activate some microbial activity to realize the application of magnetic effect in biological water treatment. However, due to the weak magnetic response of most microorganisms, the speed of film formation is slow and the amount of film formation is small, the adsorption force between microorganisms and solid phase fillers is not strong.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了克服现有的微生物挂膜方法存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种强化微生物挂膜性能的新方法，不但能提高生物填料的挂膜启动速率和挂膜量，而且能够增强填料表面生物膜耐曝气冲击和耐负荷冲击能力。In order to overcome the deficiencies in the existing microbial film-forming methods, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new method for strengthening the performance of microbial film-forming, which can not only improve the start-up rate and amount of film-forming of biological fillers, but also enhance the surface of the filler. The ability of biofilm to resist aeration shock and load shock.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：本发明是基于后一因素，通过强化填料与微生物之间的吸附能力，以促进微生物在填料上的挂膜，其微生物挂膜方法，包括如下步骤：The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the present invention is based on the latter factor, by strengthening the adsorption capacity between the filler and the microorganisms, to promote the film formation of the microorganisms on the filler, and its method for the formation of microorganisms, including the following step:
(1)将带有磁性的填料放入生物填料水处理装置中；(1) Put the magnetic filler into the biological filler water treatment device;
(2)向活性污泥中加入铁氧体磁粉或强磁微粒进行驯化，使部分微生物附着在磁粉表面，形成活化磁粉污泥；(2) Add ferrite magnetic powder or strong magnetic particles to the activated sludge for domestication, so that some microorganisms are attached to the surface of the magnetic powder to form activated magnetic powder sludge;
(3)再把混有磁粉的污泥加入到生物填料水处理装置中；(3) Add the sludge mixed with magnetic powder into the biological filler water treatment device;
(4)通入空气，在气流的冲击和填料的磁性吸引作用下，携带微生物的大量磁粉将迅速附着到磁性填料表面，从而实现了磁性填料表面的微生物挂膜。(4) When the air is introduced, under the impact of the air flow and the magnetic attraction of the filler, a large amount of magnetic powder carrying microorganisms will quickly adhere to the surface of the magnetic filler, thereby realizing the microbial hanging film on the surface of the magnetic filler.
活化磁粉污泥的制备工艺：以污泥为菌种，加入废/污水和少量营养物质，同时加入磁粉，通入空气，待微生物和磁粉沉降下来后，除掉上层清液并加入新的废/污水，如此反复，在室温下培养数天，即得。The preparation process of activated magnetic powder sludge: use sludge as bacteria, add waste/sewage and a small amount of nutrients, add magnetic powder at the same time, let in air, after the microorganisms and magnetic powder settle down, remove the supernatant and add new waste / sewage, so repeatedly, cultivated at room temperature for several days, that is to say.
磁性填料的制备工艺：在高分子基材中加入磁粉和偶联润滑剂，用注塑机注塑成型；将所得填料通过充磁机进行充磁，可使其带有永久性的磁场，即得。The preparation process of the magnetic filler: adding magnetic powder and coupling lubricant to the polymer base material, injection molding with an injection molding machine; magnetizing the obtained filler through a magnetizer to make it have a permanent magnetic field.
本发明的有益效果是，本发明是利用磁性填料与磁粉-微生物混合物之间的吸引作用促进、加快微生物挂膜；同时由于弱磁场的作用，能诱导微生物活性及酶活性，从而使微生物能更好地生长繁殖、演替，提高水处理效率。本微生物挂膜方法易于操作控制，成本低廉，可广泛应用于水处理行业，特别是废/污水的好氧生物膜处理。The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the present invention utilizes the attraction between the magnetic filler and the magnetic powder-microbe mixture to promote and accelerate the microbial film formation; at the same time, due to the effect of the weak magnetic field, it can induce microbial activity and enzyme activity, so that the microorganism can be more efficient. Good growth and reproduction, succession, improve water treatment efficiency. The microbe film-hanging method is easy to operate and control, has low cost, and can be widely used in the water treatment industry, especially the aerobic biofilm treatment of waste water/sewage.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明微生物挂膜方法，包括将带有磁性的填料放入生物填料水处理装置中；往污泥中加入氧化铁磁粉或强磁微粒，曝气混合均匀后，有部分微生物附着在磁粉表面；经过一段时间的培养，微生物繁殖达到一定程度时，把混有磁粉的活性污泥加入到生物填料水处理装置中；通入空气，在气流的冲击和填料磁性作用下，携带微生物的大量磁粉将迅速附着到填料表面，不仅增加了填料表面微生物量，还加大填料表面的粗糙度，增加了微生物的附着点，从而促进生物膜的快速形成，实现了磁性填料表面的微生物挂膜。The microbial film-hanging method of the present invention includes putting magnetic fillers into biological filler water treatment devices; adding iron oxide magnetic powder or strong magnetic particles to the sludge, and after aeration and mixing, some microorganisms are attached to the surface of the magnetic powder; After a period of cultivation, when the microbial reproduction reaches a certain level, the activated sludge mixed with magnetic powder is added to the biological filler water treatment device; the air is introduced, and under the impact of the air flow and the magnetic effect of the filler, a large amount of magnetic powder carrying microorganisms will be absorbed. Rapid attachment to the surface of the filler not only increases the microbial mass on the surface of the filler, but also increases the roughness of the filler surface, increasing the attachment points of microorganisms, thereby promoting the rapid formation of biofilms and realizing the microbial hanging film on the surface of magnetic fillers.
活化磁粉污泥的制备：以城市污水处理站的污泥为菌种，加入适量需处理的废/污水，再加入少量营养物质如葡萄糖或KH2PO4，同时加入适量的磁粉；通入空气，每隔一段时间(1～2天)后停止曝气，使微生物和磁粉沉降下来后，排除掉上层清液并加入同样多新的废/污水，如此反复在室温下培养数天，即得活化磁粉污泥。Preparation of activated magnetic powder sludge: use sludge from urban sewage treatment stations as bacteria species, add appropriate amount of waste/sewage to be treated, then add a small amount of nutrients such as glucose or KH 2 PO 4 , and add appropriate amount of magnetic powder at the same time; , stop the aeration after a period of time (1-2 days), let the microorganisms and magnetic powder settle down, get rid of the supernatant and add the same amount of new waste water/sewage, and repeat it at room temperature for several days to obtain Activated magnetic powder sludge.
磁性填料的制备：在高分子基材中加入一定量的磁粉和偶联润滑剂，用注塑机注塑成型后，将所得填料通过磁场强度为8000～15000高斯左右的充磁机进行充磁，即可使其带有永久性的磁场，平均强度为50～120高斯左右。Preparation of magnetic filler: add a certain amount of magnetic powder and coupling lubricant to the polymer substrate, and after injection molding with an injection molding machine, the obtained filler is magnetized by a magnetizer with a magnetic field strength of about 8000-15000 gauss, that is It can have a permanent magnetic field with an average strength of about 50-120 Gauss.
所述高分子基材可以是聚乙烯或聚丙烯或聚氯乙烯或聚酯其中之一种；The polymer substrate can be one of polyethylene or polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride or polyester;
所述磁粉主要是四氧化三铁、三氧化二铁、一氧化铁、钡铁氧体、稀土强磁微粒如钕铁硼其中一种或一种以上混合物；The magnetic powder is mainly one or more mixtures of ferric oxide, ferric oxide, ferric oxide, barium ferrite, rare earth strong magnetic particles such as neodymium iron boron;
所述偶联润滑剂为硬脂酸、动植物油、白矿油的混合物。The coupling lubricant is a mixture of stearic acid, animal and vegetable oils, and white mineral oil.
上述原料用量的最佳重量份数如下：The optimal weight parts of above-mentioned raw material consumption are as follows:
高分子基材 78～95Polymer substrate 78～95
磁粉 5～20Magnetic powder 5～20
偶联润滑剂 0.5～2Coupling lubricant 0.5～2
本发明微生物挂膜过程：选取若干个所制备的磁性填料置于生物水处理装置中，每个填料可用绳子等距离固定(固定式)，或散堆在装置中(分散式)。然后往其中加入所制备的活化磁性污泥悬浮液，使填料全部浸泡在悬浮液中，之后以一定的流率通入空气，在气流冲击和磁场力作用下，携有大量微生物的磁性污泥随磁粉迅速附着于磁性填料表面，从而增加了填料表面微生物附着点及微生物量，加强了磁性填料与生物膜间的紧密度，促进了生物膜的快速形成，从而强化了磁性填料表面微生物的挂膜性能。在60分钟之内便可见到在填料表面有明显的微生物附着，再通过一定时间的适应和生长过程，挂膜成功。Microbial film-hanging process of the present invention: select several prepared magnetic fillers and place them in a biological water treatment device, and each filler can be fixed at equal distances with a rope (fixed type), or scattered in the device (dispersed type). Then add the prepared activated magnetic sludge suspension to it, so that all the fillers are soaked in the suspension, and then the air is introduced at a certain flow rate. Under the impact of airflow and magnetic field force, the magnetic sludge carrying a large number of microorganisms With the rapid attachment of the magnetic powder to the surface of the magnetic filler, the microbial attachment points and the amount of microorganisms on the surface of the filler are increased, the tightness between the magnetic filler and the biofilm is strengthened, and the rapid formation of the biofilm is promoted, thereby strengthening the hanging of microorganisms on the surface of the magnetic filler. Membrane performance. Within 60 minutes, it can be seen that there are obvious microorganisms attached to the surface of the filler, and after a certain period of adaptation and growth process, the film is successfully formed.
实施例1：称取基材聚乙烯颗粒1800克，磁粉200克，偶联润滑剂20克，搅拌均匀后放入注塑机中注塑成型，制得填料约35个。再将填料放入10000高斯的磁场中充磁，所制得的磁性填料带有60～120高斯的永久磁场。将多个所制得的磁性填料和含磁粉污泥先后置于污水好氧生物处理装置中，合成废水的初始CODcr为410mg·l-1，空气流量为2l·min-1。实验结果表明，在60分钟内，磁性填料表面即有较明显的微生物附着，4～5天后，微生物适应填料表面环境生长，形成生物膜，完成挂膜时间比相同结构的普通聚乙烯填料缩短近一半。Example 1: Weigh 1800 grams of substrate polyethylene particles, 200 grams of magnetic powder, and 20 grams of coupling lubricant, stir them evenly, put them into an injection molding machine for injection molding, and obtain about 35 fillers. Then put the filler into a magnetic field of 10000 gauss for magnetization, and the prepared magnetic filler has a permanent magnetic field of 60-120 gauss. A plurality of prepared magnetic fillers and sludge containing magnetic powders were successively placed in a sewage aerobic biological treatment device. The initial CODcr of the synthetic wastewater was 410mg·l -1 and the air flow rate was 2l·min -1 . The experimental results show that within 60 minutes, there are obvious microorganisms attached to the surface of the magnetic packing. After 4 to 5 days, the microorganisms adapt to the growth of the surface environment of the packing and form a biofilm. half.
实施例2：称取基材聚乙烯颗粒3200克，磁粉500克，偶联润滑剂45克，搅拌均匀后放入注塑机中注塑成型，制得填料约70个。再将填料放入10000高斯的充磁机中充磁，所制得的磁性填料带有80～120高斯的永久磁场。对比挂膜实验结果表明，在30～40分钟内，磁性填料表面即有微生物附着，而普通填料则基本上没有附着的微生物。经3～4天生长后，磁性填料表面上单位生物膜量比普通聚乙烯填料提高约30％。Example 2: Weigh 3200 grams of substrate polyethylene particles, 500 grams of magnetic powder, and 45 grams of coupling lubricant, stir them evenly, put them into an injection molding machine for injection molding, and obtain about 70 fillers. Then put the filler into a 10,000 Gauss magnetizer for magnetization, and the prepared magnetic filler has a permanent magnetic field of 80-120 Gauss. The results of the comparative film-hanging experiment show that within 30 to 40 minutes, there are microorganisms attached to the surface of the magnetic filler, while there are basically no microorganisms attached to the ordinary filler. After 3-4 days of growth, the amount of biofilm per unit on the surface of the magnetic filler is about 30% higher than that of ordinary polyethylene fillers.
实施例3：称取基材聚丙烯颗粒2000克，磁粉150克，偶联润滑剂25克，再称取亲水性物质聚乙烯醇10克、活性炭5克，搅拌均匀后放入注塑机中注塑成型，制得填料约45个。再将填料放入10000高斯的充磁机中充磁，所制得的磁性填料带有50～100高斯的永久磁场。对比挂膜实验结果表明，在合成废水的初始CODcr 500mg·l-1，空气流量为2l·min-1条件下，在60分钟内，磁性填料表面即有较明显微生物附着，4～5天后，磁性填料表面挂膜成功，此时体系CODcr去除率达90％，而采用普通聚乙烯填料和传统挂膜方法体系的CODcr去除率为78％，采用新方法可提高污水CODcr去除率10％以上。Example 3: Weigh 2000 grams of substrate polypropylene particles, 150 grams of magnetic powder, 25 grams of coupling lubricant, then weigh 10 grams of hydrophilic substance polyvinyl alcohol and 5 grams of activated carbon, stir them evenly and put them into an injection molding machine Injection molding made about 45 fillers. Then put the filler into a 10,000 Gauss magnetizer for magnetization, and the prepared magnetic filler has a permanent magnetic field of 50-100 Gauss. The results of comparative film-hanging experiments show that under the conditions of initial CODcr 500mg·l -1 of synthetic wastewater and air flow rate of 2l·min -1 , within 60 minutes, the surface of the magnetic filler has obvious microbial adhesion, and after 4 to 5 days, The surface of the magnetic filler is successfully film-coated. At this time, the CODcr removal rate of the system reaches 90%, while the CODcr removal rate of the system using ordinary polyethylene filler and the traditional film-coating method is 78%. The new method can increase the CODcr removal rate of sewage by more than 10%.
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