CN101303218B - Combustion-delayed initiation detonator and its delay element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of detonating materials, and in particular relates to a combustion-type detonation delay detonator and a delay element. The detonator includes detonator/delayed electric/non-electric detonator without detonator. The delay tube with an outer diameter of 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm is wound into a helical spring shape or folded back and forth into a cylindrical delay element, and its outer diameter is the same as that of the detonator shell Or the inner diameter of the inner cap is loosely fitted and mechanically fixed. The two ends of the tube are respectively located in the center of the coil spring or columnar body, and there is a protrusion with a length of 1.0mm to 5.0mm. The surface of the excitation charge is in contact, and the distance between the other end and the nozzle of the detonator or the tip of the electric ignition charge is 4.0mm to 10.0mm; The orifice of the nozzle is flat and the distance from the priming/exciting charge surface in the detonator is ≤5mm, and the other end is in the detonator, and the nozzle is in contact with the booster powder on the inner wall of the detonator. The invention can realize accurate delay for a long time without increasing the length of the detonator, and improves the quality of the delay detonator.

Description

Combustion-delayed initiation detonator and its delay element

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of detonating materials, and in particular relates to a combustion-type detonation delay detonator and a delay element used therein.

Background technique:

With the continuous development of science and technology, people put forward higher requirements for the extension length and accuracy of detonation time. At present, the more mature detonator detonation delay technology is the lead core drawing technology: the thick lead tube material with the delay drug is drawn through multiple drawing processes to become a lead that can be loosely matched between its outer diameter and the inner diameter of the detonator (usually about 7mm). Tube (usually in the range of 5.5mm ~ 6.5mm), then cut into a suitable length according to the length of the delay time is the delay element, and then put it into the detonator. This technology requires that the outer diameter of the lead tube after drawing is loosely matched with the inner diameter of the detonator, that is, there can only be a small gap between the outer diameter of the lead tube and the inner wall of the detonator, which is convenient for fixing, so the outer diameter of the lead tube is difficult to reduce, and it needs to be delayed The length of time to determine the length of the lead pipe. Now commonly used delay drug formulations can be divided into 0-60 segments, and the delay time is divided into millisecond delay (0-3000ms) and half-second delay (0-10s). At present, the main method to solve the delay problem with such a large time span is to divide it into multiple small segments, and use different delay drug formulas for different adjacent segments. This just causes too many types of delay drug formulas in the detonator production process, which brings inconvenience to production. There are too many types of delayed drugs, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of each paragraph, which is not conducive to the stability of product quality. For the very long situation of delay time, need to use long lead tube, then detonator tube body also needs lengthening thereupon, this makes its production cost improve greatly, and use is also inconvenient, and a large amount of use of lead is also unfavorable for environmental protection simultaneously.

On the other hand, technicians have also carried out research on the formula of the delay medicine, and have done a lot of work on controlling the burning speed of the delay medicine, forming a multi-stage series of formulas, providing a slow-burning detonator used in high-delay stage detonators. pharmaceutical formulations. However, from the actual use situation, the ignition ability and stability of the slow-burning delay agent are not reliable enough, and quality problems such as fire failure and delay jump often occur, which brings inconvenience to production management and even brings safety hazards.

At present, there are reports of using microelectronics technology to develop digital detonators in some foreign projects, but the cost is high, the price is expensive, and the use is limited.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a combustion-type delayed detonation detonator by changing the assembly method of the delay element in the detonator. According to the needs of delayed detonation, it can meet the detonation delay requirements of various detonators.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Combustion-delay detonation detonator of the present invention comprises the detonator delay non-electric detonator that uses detonator to ignite the delay element, or the non-electric detonator without detonation delay delay. (1) The outer diameter of the extension tube is 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm, and it is wound into a helical spring shape or folded back and forth into a columnar body, and the helical spring shape or the back-and-forth folded columnar body extension tube is placed in the detonator detonator Above the fire transmission hole of the reinforced cap or in the inner cap of the detonator without detonator, the outer diameter of the helical spring or column is loosely fitted with the inner diameter of the detonator shell or the inner cap respectively and fixed mechanically. The center of the spring or columnar body has a protrusion with a length of 1.0mm to 5.0mm. The axis of the protrusion coincides with the axis of the coil spring or columnar body, and the distance between the protrusion at one end and the fire hole in the detonator is less than or equal to 5.0mm or directly with the The surface of the excitation drug is contacted, and the distance between the protruding part of the other end and the nozzle of the detonator is 4.0 mm to 10.0 mm; or (2) the outer diameter of the delay tube is 1.4 mm to 1.5 mm, and the tube is inserted into the inner cavity of the detonator Among them, one end of it is flat with the nozzle of the detonator, and the distance between the end surface of the nozzle and the priming charge/excitation charge surface in the detonator is less than or equal to 5.0mm, and the other end is in the detonator, and the nozzle is in contact with the inner wall of the detonator. contact with the booster powder.

The combustion type delayed detonation detonator of the present invention also includes a primer delay electric detonator that uses an electric primer to ignite the delay element, or a delay electric detonator without primer, and is characterized in that the outer diameter of the delay tube is 1.0mm~ 3.0mm, it is wound into a helical spring shape or folded back and forth into a columnar body, and the helical spring shape or back-and-forth folded cylindrical body extension tube is placed above the fire transmission hole of the primer detonator reinforced cap or in the inner cap of the detonator without primer , the outer diameter of the coil spring or column is loosely fitted with the inner diameter of the detonator shell or inner cap and fixed mechanically. The axis of the part coincides with the axis of the coil spring or columnar body, the distance between the protruding part of one end and the fire hole in the detonator is less than or equal to 5.0mm or directly in contact with the exciting powder surface, and the distance between the protruding part of the other end and the electric ignition charge head is 4.0mm mm ~ 10.0mm.

The detonation delay element used in the above-mentioned combustion-type delay detonation detonator includes a delay tube with a built-in delay drug, and is characterized in that the outer diameter of the delay tube is in the range of 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm; the delay tube is wound into Helical spring shape, the outer diameter of the helical spring is loosely matched with the inner diameter of the primary explosive detonator shell or the inner diameter of the inner cap of the non-priming detonator. part, the axis of the protruding part coincides with the axis of the helical spring; or, the extension tube is folded back and forth into a columnar body, and the external dimensions of the columnar body are loosely matched with the inner diameter of the shell of the primer detonator used or the inner diameter of the inner cap of the non-primer detonator, Both ends of the extension tube are respectively located at the center of the columnar body, and each has a protruding part with a length of 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, and the axis of the protruding part coincides with the axis of the columnar body.

For the delay tube with an outer diameter of 1.4mm to 1.5mm, it can also be directly used as a detonation delay element in a primer or a delay non-electric detonator without a primer, which is called a linear delay element. Because the outer diameter of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the detonating tube in the prior art, it brings convenience to use.

In the above-mentioned detonation delay element, the delay medicine is a delay medicine commonly used in the prior art, such as: Pb ₃ O ₄ , SiFe and Sb ₂ S ₃ series delay medicines (also known as lead red, ferrosilicon and antimony sulfide series delay medicine), silicon series delay medicine, Mg, _BaO2 series delay medicine, boron series delay medicine, zirconium and zirconium nickel alloy delay medicine, manganese series delay medicine, molybdenum series delay medicine, tungsten series delay medicine, etc.; Lead, aluminum, copper, iron, tin, plastics or composite flexible materials in the prior art are drawn and manufactured.

The working mechanism of the detonator using the helical spring-shaped or reciprocating folding columnar delay element described in the present invention is: after the nonel detonation or electric ignition powder is ignited, the released energy ignites the helical spring-shaped or reciprocating folding columnar delay element. After the delay core is exposed at one end of the component, the delay core burns. When the delay core burns to the other end, the energy generated by the combustion causes a flame jet to ignite the lower charge (primer/activator charge), which in turn detonates the detonator. The burning time of the delay core in the helical spring-shaped or reciprocally folded column delay element is the delay time of the detonator. When the formula of the delay medicine is constant, the total length of the delay element determines the burning time of the delay core. Since the delay element is in the shape of a helical spring or a reciprocating folded column, its burning length is lengthened. Compared with the prior art, when the length of the detonator is constant, the delay element can increase the delay time of the detonator. For a very long delay time, the coil spring-like or back-and-forth folding column-like delay element can effectively double the overall length, and thus effectively double the overall length of the detonator.

The working mechanism of the detonator using the linear delay element in the present invention is: after the detonation of the nonel, the detonation wave ignites the delay core exposed at one end of the linear delay element in the detonator. When the formula of the delay medicine is constant, the total length of the linear delay element limits the burning time of the delay medicine core. When the delayed core burns to the other end, the energy generated by the combustion causes flame jets, which ignite the lower charge (priming charge/excitation charge), and then detonate the detonator. The burning time of the delay core in the linear delay element is the delay time of the detonator. In the prior art, when the delay time is very long, a long delay tube needs to be used, and the detonator body needs to be lengthened accordingly. In the present invention, the delay tube is directly inserted into the detonator. For the case where the delay time is very long, although a long delay tube is required, the detonator body does not need to be lengthened accordingly, which brings convenience to the processing and reduces the production cost.

In the combustion type delayed initiation detonator in the present invention, according to the characteristics of the delay element, the variety and formula of the delay drug are not changed, and only by reducing the diameter of the delay element and changing its position in the detonator without lengthening the detonator body. The assembly method realizes the delay of all segment or high segment delay detonators without increasing the length of the detonator shell.

The delay element in the invention has strong adaptability and is friendly to the general production technology of the delay detonator, and the detonator production factory can use the element for production without much technical improvement. Combining the helical spring delay element and the linear delay element with the high-safety detonator-free detonator technology can form a high-safety, high-precision detonator-free delay detonator.

The helical spring-like extension element and the linear extension element of the present invention have the following advantages:

①Without increasing the length of the detonator, precise delay can be achieved for a longer period of time, and the quality of the delay detonator can be improved.

② Reduce the consumption of single-shot detonator delay body, effectively reduce the cost of detonator.

③Reduce the amount of lead used in the delay detonator, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

④ It can be produced as an independent component, which is conducive to centralized production and decentralized use, and can better ensure the quality of the detonator.

Description of drawings

Further description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a reciprocally folded columnar extension element according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the helical spring-like delay element of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the helical spring-like delay element according to the present invention is applied to the primer delay electric detonator.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the delay electric detonator made of no priming charge by using a helical spring-like delay element according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of applying a helical spring-like delay element to a delay non-electric detonator without priming charge according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the linear delay element according to the present invention is applied to a non-electric detonator with no primer and delay.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Fig. 3 is a kind of primer delay electric detonator that application helical spring shape delay element is made. The shape of the used helical spring extension element 3 can be seen in FIG. 2 , wherein the outer diameter of the used extension tube is 2.0 mm, the outer diameter of the “spring” is 5.0 mm, and the pitch is 5 turns/cm. The helical spring-like extension element 3 is fixedly connected with the detonator shell by the waist clip 5, and its upper protruding end face is about 3.0 mm away from the electric ignition charge 4 of the detonator, and the distance between the lower protruding end face and the fire transmission hole 13 of the reinforcing cap 12 is equal to 5 mm. . In actual use, after the electric ignition charge 4 is ignited, the exposed drug core on the protruding end surface of the delay element 3 is ignited immediately; Flame passes through the fire transmission hole 13 and detonates the primer 6. Under the action of the detonation wave of the priming charge 6, the strong explosive 7 below detonates, finally realizing the detonation of the detonator. In this embodiment, the length of one turn of the delay element is about 15.0 mm to 16.0 mm, and the total length of the delay element is determined according to the delay time requirement.

Example 2

Fig. 4 is a kind of delay electric detonator without priming charge that uses helical spring shape delay element to make. The shape of the used helical spring extension element 3 can be seen in Figure 2, wherein the outer diameter of the used extension tube is 2.5 mm, the outer diameter of the helical "spring" is 6.0 mm, and the pitch is 4 turns/cm. The helical spring-like extension element is placed in the inner cap 11, and is fixedly connected with the detonator shell by the waist clip 5. The upper protruding end surface is about 5.0 mm away from the electric ignition powder head 4 of the detonator, and the lower protruding end surface is in contact with the excitation charge 10. In actual use, after the electric ignition charge 4 is ignited, the exposed drug core on the protruding end surface of the delay element 3 is ignited immediately; Ignition propellant 10. Under the combustion action of the propellant 10, a high-speed flying piece is formed at the bottom of the inner cap 11, which impacts the lower explosive 7, causing it to undergo an impact adiabatic compression process, and finally realizes detonation of the detonator. In this embodiment, the length of one turn of the delay element is about 18.0 mm to 19.0 mm, and the total length of the delay element is determined according to the delay time.

Example 3

Fig. 5 is a non-priming non-electric delay detonator made of a helical spring-like delay element in the non-priming non-electric detonator. Among them, the outer diameter of the delay tube used is 2.7 mm, and the outer diameter of the helical "spring" is 6.4 mm. The nonel tube 8 cooperates with the bayonet plug 9 to play the role of sealing the detonator and transmitting the detonation signal; the helical spring-like delay element 3 The waist card 5 is fixedly connected with the detonator shell, and its upper end face is about 2.0 mm away from the nonel 8 port, and the lower end face is in contact with the excitation charge 10 . After the detonation wave propagates to the nozzle inside the detonation tube 8, under the action of the shock wave and flame, the exposed drug core on the upper end surface of the delay element 3 is ignited; after a period of burning time, the other end surface of the delay element 3 The medicine core burns, ejects flame outwards, and ignites the active medicine 10 . Under the combustion action of the propellant 10, a high-speed flying piece is formed at the bottom of the inner cap 11, which impacts the lower explosive 7, causing it to undergo an impact adiabatic compression process, and finally realizes detonation of the detonator.

Example 4

Fig. 6 is a kind of non-electric delay detonator without priming charge made by linear delay element. Among them, the outer diameter of the delay tube used is 1.5mm, and the linear delay element 12 is inserted into the inner cavity of the detonator 8, placed in the bayonet plug 9, and fixedly connected with the detonator after the bayonet, so as to seal the detonator and transmit the detonation. The role of signals and limited delay time. The mouth of the bayonet plug is in contact with the excitation drug 10 . When the nonel tube 8 receives the electric detonation signal, detonation occurs in the nonel tube, and the formed detonation wave rapidly propagates to the end face of the delay tube in the linear delay element, igniting the exposed delay core. After a certain burning time, the delay core of the delay tube located at the port of the bayonet plug is ignited, and flames are sprayed outward to ignite the excitation charge 10 . Under the combustion action of the propellant 10, a high-speed flying piece is formed at the bottom of the inner cap 11, which impacts the lower explosive 7, causing it to undergo an impact adiabatic compression process, and finally realizes detonation of the detonator.

Claims (3)

1. A kind of combustion type delay detonation detonator, comprise the non-electric detonator that uses detonator to ignite the detonation delay element of detonation delay element or no detonator delay non-electric detonator, this detonation delay element is made of the delay tube of built-in delay medicine, its It is characterized in that (1) the outer diameter of the extension tube is 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm, and it is wound into a coil spring shape or folded back and forth into a columnar body, and the coil spring shape or the columnar body delay tube folded back and forth is placed in the priming charge Above the fire transmission hole of the detonator reinforced cap or in the inner cap of the detonator without priming charge, the outer diameter of the coil spring or column is loosely fitted with the inner diameter of the detonator shell or the inner cap respectively and is mechanically fixed with a waist clip. The two ends of the extension tube They are respectively located in the center of the coil spring or columnar body, and have a protrusion with a length of 1.0mm to 5.0mm. The axis of the protrusion coincides with the axis of the coil spring or columnar body, and the distance between the protrusion at one end and the fire transmission hole in the detonator is less than or equal to 5.0mm. Or directly contact with the excitation surface, the distance between the protruding part of the other end and the nozzle of the detonator is 2mm; or (2) the outer diameter of the extension tube is 1.4mm-1.5mm, and the tube is inserted into the inner cavity of the detonator , one end of which is level with the nozzle of the detonator, and the distance between the end surface of the nozzle and the surface of the priming charge/excitation charge in the detonator is less than or equal to 5.0mm, and the other end is in the detonator, and the distance between the nozzle and the inner wall of the detonator Booster powder contact. 2. A combustion type detonation detonator with delayed detonation, comprising a detonator detonator detonator that uses an electric igniter head to ignite a delay element, or a detonator without detonator detonator, characterized in that the outer diameter of the delay tube is 1.0mm～ 3.0mm, it is wound into a helical spring shape or folded back and forth into a columnar body, and the helical spring shape or back-and-forth folded cylindrical body extension tube is placed above the fire transmission hole of the primer detonator reinforced cap or in the inner cap of the detonator without primer , the outer diameter of the coil spring or column is loosely fitted with the inner diameter of the detonator shell or inner cap and fixed mechanically. The axis of the part coincides with the axis of the coil spring or columnar body, the distance between the protruding part of one end and the fire hole in the detonator is less than or equal to 5.0mm or directly in contact with the surface of the exciting powder, and the distance between the protruding part of the other end and the electric ignition charge head is 3.0mm mm ~ 5.0mm. 3. The detonation delay element used in the detonator of claim 1 or 2, comprising a delay tube with a built-in delay drug, characterized in that, the outer diameter of the delay tube is within the range of 1.0mm to 3.0mm; the delay tube is Wound into a helical spring shape, the outer diameter of the helical spring is loosely matched with the inner diameter of the primary detonator shell or the inner diameter of the inner cap of the non-priming detonator, and the two ends of the extension tube are respectively located in the center of the helical spring, and have a length of 1.0mm to 5.0mm The protruding part, the axis of the protruding part coincides with the axis of the coil spring; or, the extension tube is folded back and forth into a column, and the outer dimension of the folded column is the same as the inner diameter of the detonator shell used or the inner cap of the detonator without detonator. The inner diameter is loosely fitted, and the two ends of the extension tube are respectively located at the center of the columnar body, and each has a protrusion with a length of 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, and the axis of the protrusion coincides with the axis of the columnar body.

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