CN101296166B - Index-based multimedia data measurement method - Google Patents
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- CN101296166B CN101296166B CN2007100977929A CN200710097792A CN101296166B CN 101296166 B CN101296166 B CN 101296166B CN 2007100977929 A CN2007100977929 A CN 2007100977929A CN 200710097792 A CN200710097792 A CN 200710097792A CN 101296166 B CN101296166 B CN 101296166B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multimedia data measuring method based on index, comprising the following steps: constructing a multimedia data packet, and establishing an index between a packet sequence number of the multimedia data packet and corresponding multimedia data; distinguishing an error area and a non-error area of a frame where an error is located according to a lost packet number returned by a receiving end and information stored in an index file; constructing error multimedia data by using the found error area and non-error area and the index data stored in the index file; and comparing the constructed error multimedia data with the correctly decoded multimedia data to obtain a comparison result. The invention also discloses a method for constructing error multimedia data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmission of a kind of multimedia messages and treatment technology, specifically, relate to a kind of method of measurement of the multi-medium data based on index.
Background technology
Along with the development of cable network and wireless network and the driving of user's request, multimedia technology has obtained increasing concern with relevant application, is considered to one of mainstream applications of following express network.Multimedia application comprises Video Applications and voice applications, and is bigger to the demand of bandwidth with respect to conventional use such as WWW, the E-mail etc. of Internet, multi-medium data be collapsed into a very urgent task.The high compression rate coding techniques based on prediction has been adopted in multi-medium datas such as existing video and audio frequency transmission, therefore data-bag lost in network transmission process or the delay video and audio quality decline that can cause decoding end.But existing network does not provide the QoS (Quality of Serverices) of transmission to guarantee, so the losing or postpones unavoidably of packet, and this all can cause the user experience quality decline of receiving terminal.For operator and content supplier can monitor the multimedia service quality of receiving terminal, multimedia service quality how to monitor and estimate receiving terminal effectively becomes the research focus of field of multimedia communication.
Estimating receiving terminal multimedia service method for quality is at receiving terminal the multimedia messages of receiving to be monitored; Contain wrong multimedia data information through decoding processing, and the position (like RTP Bale No.) of error message in multi-medium data fed back to server end.Multi-medium data in that server end is received end according to the error feedback information butt joint that receives is rebuild, and utilizes reconstruction video and reference video to compare then, thereby the multimedia service performance of receiving end that achieves a butt joint is monitored and estimated.
The shortcoming of this method is and need decodes to the multi-medium data bag at monitored receiving terminal; Then the error message in the decode procedure is fed back to server end through feedback channel; Again carry out the one whole decoding at server end, just can obtain reconstruction video.Under the situation of a plurality of receiving terminals of server service; When each receiving terminal is carried out the multimedia service quality evaluation; All need carry out the decoding of one whole, this just need carry out repeatedly complete video and audio decoder handles, and this performance to server has proposed very high requirement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solved provides a kind of method of measurement of the multi-medium data based on index; The process of reconstruction of the multi-medium data when having simplified the multimedia service quality evaluation helps at server end a plurality of receiving terminals being carried out monitoring multimedia service performance.
A kind of method of measurement of the multi-medium data based on index comprises:
(1) makes up the multi-medium data bag, the index between the bag sequence number of setting up said multi-medium data bag and the corresponding multi-medium data;
(2) return mistake zone and the non-mistake zone that the data separation mistake of preserving in next packet loss information and the index file belongs to frame according to receiving terminal; The said Bale No. of losing obtains through the receiving terminal decoding;
(3) utilize said mistake zone and the non-mistake zone of finding out, and the index data of preserving in the said index file makes up the mistake multi-medium data;
(4) utilize the mistake multi-medium data that makes up to compare, draw comparative result with correct multi-medium data of decoding.
Further, in the step (1), when multimedia code stream is sent in packing; Carry out normal decode operation; Set up index, and write index data, comprise data length, segment information, macro block, block message or the residual information of sequence number, index entry in the indexed file structure of foundation to index file.
Further, in the step (2), search multi-medium data residing zone in error frame that this bag comprises in the bag sequence number indexed file according to packet loss.
Further; In the step (2); In the multi-medium data transmission course, set up sampled point; Said sampled point judges the sequence number of the multi-medium data bag that receives, and the sequence number of wrong multi-medium data bag is sent to monitor server through feedback channel, obtains carrying out the multimedia messages lost in the decode procedure at receiving terminal according to call number.
The method of measurement of the multi-medium data based on index according to claim 7; It is characterized in that, in the step (3), feed back the packet loss information and the index file of coming according to sampled point; Obtain receiving terminal drop-out residing position in multi-medium data, make up the mistake multi-medium data.
Further, in the step (3), return the multi-medium data of losing Bale No., index file and correct decoding, make up the multi-medium data that has mistake of receiving terminal in the monitor server simulation according to sampled point; Have in the process of multi-medium data of mistake at structure, only partial decoding of h is carried out in the zone that influenced by mistake, do not receive zone that mistake influences directly from the correctly copy filling of coming the multi-medium data of decoding; Said partial decoding of h is to utilize the information of preserving in the index file to carry out the reconstruction of multi-medium data, and readout code stream does not carry out complete decode operation from ASCII stream file ASCII.
Further, in the step (4),, mistake multi-medium data and the correct decoding multi-medium data of rebuilding calculated the video quality measurement value, utilize said video quality measurement value to compare with effective peak signal to noise ratio method.
Another technical problem that the present invention solved provides a kind of method that makes up the mistake multi-medium data, can utilize index file and packet loss information architecture mistake multimedia file.
Technical scheme is following:
A kind of method that makes up the mistake multi-medium data comprises:
(1) makes up the multi-medium data bag, the index between the bag sequence number of setting up said multi-medium data bag and the corresponding multi-medium data;
(2) return mistake zone and the non-mistake zone that the data separation mistake of preserving in next packet loss information and the index file belongs to frame according to receiving terminal; The said Bale No. of losing obtains through receiving terminal decoding or sampled point, and sends to monitor server through feedback channel;
(3) utilize said mistake zone and the non-mistake zone of finding out, and the index data of preserving in the said index file makes up the mistake multi-medium data.
Further, in the step (1), when sending multimedia code stream; Carry out normal decode operation; Set up index, and write index data, comprise data length, segment information, macro block, block message or the residual information of sequence number, index entry in the indexed file structure of foundation to index file.
Further, in the step (3), return the multi-medium data of losing Bale No., index file and correct decoding, make up the multi-medium data that has mistake of receiving terminal in the monitor server simulation according to sampled point; Have in the process of multi-medium data of mistake at structure, only partial decoding of h is carried out in the zone that influenced by mistake, do not receive zone that mistake influences directly from the correctly copy filling of coming the multi-medium data of decoding; Said partial decoding of h is to utilize the information of preserving in the index file to carry out the reconstruction of multi-medium data, and readout code stream does not carry out complete decode operation from ASCII stream file ASCII.
In the process of rebuilding the mistake video; Only partial decoding of h being carried out in the zone that influenced by mistake operates; Need from ASCII stream file ASCII, not carry out complete decode operation by readout code stream, the area pixel value that not influenced by mistake directly copies from the video of correctly having decoded comes to fill.Therefore need not carry out the extra multimedia decode procedure at server end handles; Thereby reduced the resource requirement of server end; Help the multimedia service performance of a plurality of sampled points being monitored, thereby significantly reduced the resource consumption of server end at server end.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the multimedia service quality assessment system diagram of index and feedback information;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of index file;
Fig. 3 is the method for reconstructing flow chart of mistake video sequence.
Embodiment
The present invention is through the packet numbers of foundation transmission and the index between the multi-medium data; Through the index reconstruction video; The process of reconstruction of the multi-medium data when having simplified the multimedia service quality evaluation helps at server end a plurality of receiving terminals being carried out monitoring multimedia service performance.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, transmitting terminal is packed to multi-medium data, and sends it to receiving terminal, during to pass through the plurality of network node.Transmitting terminal will be set up the multi-medium data Bale No. of transmission and the index between the multi-medium data in carrying out packing process, promptly set up to send the index between Data Identification number and the corresponding multi-medium data.
In the transport process of multi-medium data, the multi-medium data bag may take place to postpone or lose, and causes receiving terminal can not correctly receive all multi-medium data bags.At this moment, receiving terminal is handled through multimedia decoding, finds the bag sequence number of packet loss, and it is fed back to server end.Monitor server is again according to the feedback error information that receives; Search multi-medium data that this bag comprises zone in the bag sequence number indexed file according to packet loss at the error frame place; Utilize multimedia decoder to estimate monitored receiving terminal multi-medium data; Rebuild the mistake multi-medium data and with reference to multi-medium data (correct decoding multi-medium data), with monitored multi-medium data with compare with reference to multi-medium data, realize the monitoring of multimedia service performance.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, index structure is described in detail.
In existing block-based hybrid video coding standard, index structure should comprise (being not limited to) following information:
(1) bag sequence number.
Be index key, be used to indicate the multi-medium data that is comprised in this bag.
(2) data length of index entry (optional).
Indicate the index entry data that comprise what bytes in this index entry, it can not comprise sequence number and the data length of itself, and it is mainly used in searching fast and index of bag.
(3) segment information (Segment information), Segment representes the different meanings in different audio/video encoding standards, like the macro block group (GOB, Group of Blocks) in h.263, burst in other video standard (Slice) and band.
It mainly includes, but is not limited to: comprise the starting position of the type of the sum of Segment, the number of current Segment (Index), the frame number at current Segment place, current Segment, macro block that current Segment comprised, the end position of macro block that current Segment comprised in each bag.
(4) macro block and block message.
It mainly includes, but is not limited to: the address of macro block, the type of macro block, motion vector, reference frame number.
(5) residual information.
Represent the residual error of each piece after inverse discrete cosine transformation (IDCT) conversion.
Describe in detail down in the face of method of measurement based on the multi-medium data of index.
1, structure is set up index, and is write index file based on the multi-medium data bag of index.
Transmitting terminal carries out normal decode operation when sending multimedia code stream; Transmitting terminal will be set up the multi-medium data Bale No. of transmission and the index between the multi-medium data in carrying out packing process, promptly set up to send the index between Data Identification number and the corresponding multi-medium data.Index file comprises the index data that writes, and the final indexed file structure of setting up is as shown in Figure 2, but the field name in the also possible index file is different with order.Sending Data Identification number is the sequence number that coding back multi-medium data sends, and in the Streaming Media transport process based on the bag host-host protocol, sending Data Identification number is bag sequence number and the needed information of some other reconstruction multi-medium data.
2, at server end; If want a certain receiving terminal is carried out the multimedia service quality when monitoring and estimating, the mistake zone and the non-mistake of the data separation mistake place frame of preserving in the Bale No. that returns the packet loss that comes according to this receiving terminal and the index file are regional.
3, rebuild the mistake multi-medium data.
Return Bale No., index file and the correct decoded video file of the packet loss that comes according to receiving terminal, have the multi-medium data of mistake in server end simulation receiving terminal Fast Reconstruction.In the process of reconstruction mistake multi-medium data, only partial decoding of h to be carried out in the zone that influenced by mistake and operate, the zone that not influenced by mistake directly copies from the multi-medium data of correctly having decoded comes to fill.So-called partial decoding of h is meant that utilizing the information of preserving in the index file to carry out multi-medium data rebuilds, and need from ASCII stream file ASCII, not carry out complete decode operation by readout code stream.Therefore need not carry out the processing of extra multimedia decode procedure, thereby reduce the resource requirement of server end, help the multimedia service performance of a plurality of sampled points being monitored at server end at server end.
4, service quality evaluation.
Mistake multi-medium data to rebuilding compares with correct multi-medium data of decoding, and obtains evaluation result.
Be example with typical performance monitoring below, further describe performance monitoring principle of the present invention and implementation method, but be not limited to this application based on the H.264 multimedia video service of video encoding standard.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, video data is broken into the RTP bag at transmitting terminal after the encoder encodes that meets video encoding standard H.264, through behind network node 1 and the network node 2, arrives receiving terminal.Because data transport network can't guarantee service quality, the multi-medium data that receiving terminal obtains maybe be inconsistent with the data of transmitting terminal.Transmitting terminal between the network node 1, network node 1 between the network node 2 or network node 2 to all exist between the receiving terminal data-bag lost maybe.
In order to realize that to monitoring a kind of implementation method of the present invention is following to the media video service performance.
1, structure is set up index, and is write index file based on the multi-medium data bag of index.
Transmitting terminal carries out normal decode operation when sending multimedia code stream, set up index and write index data to index file.
RTP (RTP, Real-time Transport Protocol) is to be used for Internet to go up a kind of host-host protocol to multimedia data stream.
Sending Data Identification number is the sequence number that coding back multimedia data information sends, and in Real-time Transport Protocol, sending Data Identification number is RTP bag sequence number.The multimedia messages that is used to set up index comprises the multimedia data information that packet is corresponding, and the index file after the foundation is as shown in Figure 2.
2, return the information of preserving in Bale No. and the index file of the packet loss that comes according to this receiving terminal; The mistake zone of distinguishing mistake place frame is regional with non-mistake, and method is to search multi-medium data that this bag comprises in the bag sequence number indexed file according to packet loss in the error frame region.
In the multimedia video data transmission course, set up several sampled points.In the example of Fig. 1, set up sampled point 1, sampled point 2 and sampled point 3 in network node 1, network node 2 and receiving terminal position respectively.In practical application, sampled point can be in network node position arbitrarily.Each sampled point is judged the sequence number (for example RTP bag sequence number) of the video packets of data of reception; Sequence number with the erroneous video packet is sent to reference point through feedback channel then, has so just known when receiving terminal is decoded, to have lost which video information according to call number.
3, rebuild the mistake video.
Feed back the Bale No. and the index file of the packet loss of coming according to sampled point and just can know the position that the receiving terminal drop-out belongs in video, rebuild the mistake video.
With reference to shown in Figure 3, be index of reference file, the correct process that error message analogue difference parablepsia that file and sampled point feedback comes rebuilds frequently of decoding.
Suppose two frame of video (comprise previous I frame, do not comprise a back I frame) between the I frame as a set of pictures (GOP, Group OfPicture), as shown in the figure, with 1I, 2P, 3B, 4B, 5P ..., before the next I frame as a GOP.In current GOP, find the frame (like the 3P among Fig. 2) at first packet loss place among this GOP according to the Bale No. of index file and packet loss; There is not mistake (like 1I Fig. 2 and 2B) from the I frame of this GOP to all frames before this packet loss place frame, can be from the corresponding frame of video of correct decoding document copying to the corresponding position of reconstruction video file.Then; Frame carries out general fault processing at the packet loss place; For example the simplest method is to copy corresponding piece to bit-error locations (like the black part in the 3P frame Fig. 2) from former frame, does not have wrong position for other, then fills up from the corresponding image block of correct decoding document copying.At last; To the error section in the subsequent frame that receives this erroneous effects (like the black part among 4B among Fig. 2 and the 5P); Predict the predicted value that obtains the respective image piece according to the motion vector of relevant block wherein with reference frame; Add the value that is the block of pixels of reconstruction after the residual error, this is the method for partial decoding of h.To other part that not influenced by wrong reference frame in this frame, then copy comes to fill from the video of correct decoding, thus the decode procedure that has mistake of simulation receiving terminal.
4, with effective peak signal to noise ratio (EPSNR, Effective Peak Signal Noise Ratio) method, mistake video and the correct decoded video of rebuilding calculated video quality measurement (VQM) value, with this VQM value as final evaluation result.
Can find out that from top narration process described in the invention and traditional comparing based on complete decoding first difference parablepsia process frequently can reduce following calculating:
1, need not handle chrominance information.
2, need not read code stream and VLC decoding.
3, do not need the prediction of motion vector.
4, need not do idct transform.
5, computation complexity is relevant with packet loss position and quantity, and packet loss is far away more from the I frame for the first time, and amount of calculation is low more.
In sum; The present invention need not carry out the extra multimedia decode procedure at server end and handle; Thereby reduced the resource requirement of server end, helped the multimedia service performance of a plurality of sampled points being monitored, thereby significantly reduced the resource consumption of server end at server end.
Claims (9)
1. method of measurement based on the multi-medium data of index comprises:
(1) makes up the multi-medium data bag, the index between the bag sequence number of setting up said multi-medium data bag and the corresponding multi-medium data;
(2) return the next information of preserving in Bale No. and the index file of losing according to receiving terminal; Distinguish the mistake zone and the non-mistake zone of mistake place frame, method is to search multi-medium data residing zone in error frame that this bag comprises in the bag sequence number indexed file according to packet loss; The said Bale No. of losing obtains through the receiving terminal decoding;
(3) utilize said mistake zone and the non-mistake zone of finding out, and the index data of preserving in the said index file makes up the mistake multi-medium data; Have in the process of multi-medium data of mistake at structure, only partial decoding of h is carried out in the zone that influenced by mistake, do not receive zone that mistake influences directly from the correctly copy filling of coming the multi-medium data of decoding; Said partial decoding of h is to utilize the information of preserving in the index file to carry out the reconstruction of multi-medium data, and readout code stream does not carry out complete decode operation from ASCII stream file ASCII;
(4) utilize the mistake multi-medium data that makes up to compare, draw comparative result with correct multi-medium data of decoding.
2. the method for measurement of the multi-medium data based on index according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, in the step (1), when multimedia code stream is sent in packing; Carry out normal decode operation; Set up index, and write index data, comprise data length, segment information, macro block, block message or the residual information of sequence number, index entry in the indexed file structure of foundation to index file.
3. the method for measurement of the multi-medium data based on index according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the step (2), in the multi-medium data transmission course, set up sampled point, said sampled point is judged the sequence number of the multi-medium data bag of reception; The sequence number of wrong multi-medium data bag is sent to monitor server through feedback channel, obtains carrying out the multimedia messages lost in the decode procedure at receiving terminal according to call number.
4. the method for measurement of the multi-medium data based on index according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, in the step (3), feed back the packet loss information and the index file of coming according to receiving terminal; Obtain receiving terminal drop-out residing position in multi-medium data, make up the mistake multi-medium data.
5. the method for measurement of the multi-medium data based on index according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the step (3); Return the multi-medium data of losing Bale No., index file and correct decoding according to receiving terminal, make up the multi-medium data that has mistake of receiving terminal in the monitor server simulation.
6. the method for measurement of the multi-medium data based on index according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the step (4); With effective peak signal to noise ratio method, mistake multi-medium data and the correct decoding multi-medium data of rebuilding calculated the video quality measurement value, utilize said video quality measurement value to compare.
7. method that makes up the mistake multi-medium data comprises:
(1) makes up the multi-medium data bag, the index between the bag sequence number of setting up said multi-medium data bag and the corresponding multi-medium data;
(2) it is regional to return the mistake zone and the non-mistake of losing the data separation mistake place frame of preserving in Bale No. and the index file of coming according to receiving terminal, and method is to search multi-medium data residing zone in error frame that this bag comprises in the bag sequence number indexed file according to packet loss; The said Bale No. of losing obtains through receiving terminal decoding or sampled point, and sends to monitor server through feedback channel;
(3) utilize said mistake zone and the non-mistake zone of finding out, and the index data of preserving in the said index file makes up the mistake multi-medium data; Have in the process of multi-medium data of mistake at structure, only partial decoding of h is carried out in the zone that influenced by mistake, do not receive zone that mistake influences directly from the correctly copy filling of coming the multi-medium data of decoding; Said partial decoding of h is to utilize the information of preserving in the index file to carry out the reconstruction of multi-medium data, and readout code stream does not carry out complete decode operation from ASCII stream file ASCII.
8. the method for structure mistake multi-medium data according to claim 7; It is characterized in that, in the step (1), when sending multimedia code stream; Carry out normal decode operation; Set up index, and write index data, comprise data length, segment information, macro block, block message or the residual information of sequence number, index entry in the indexed file structure of foundation to index file.
9. the method for structure mistake multi-medium data according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; In the step (3), return the multi-medium data of losing Bale No., index file and correct decoding, make up the multi-medium data that has mistake of receiving terminal in the monitor server simulation according to sampled point.
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US9674515B2 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2017-06-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Endpoint information for network VQM |
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