CN101295471B - Driving Method of Liquid Crystal Display Response Time - Google Patents
Driving Method of Liquid Crystal Display Response Time Download PDFInfo
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- CN101295471B CN101295471B CN2007100969918A CN200710096991A CN101295471B CN 101295471 B CN101295471 B CN 101295471B CN 2007100969918 A CN2007100969918 A CN 2007100969918A CN 200710096991 A CN200710096991 A CN 200710096991A CN 101295471 B CN101295471 B CN 101295471B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a driving method for improving the response time of twisted and super twisted liquid crystal displays without increasing graphic memory, which utilizes the overdrive operating principle to convert the three primary color data of images into YCbCr data of the current image and YCbCr data overdriven of the previous image according to the current image and the previous image, then further reduces partial storage bits of the YCbCr data of the current image and the YCbCr data overdriven of the previous image after compression sampling and combination according to the video compression standard, and flexibly sets the overdrive compensation potential with N times higher or lower than the original output potential according to the overdrive YCbCr data in the updating time of each data bus through an output frequency doubling circuit, thereby improving the response time of the liquid crystal display and improving the phenomenon of dynamic image blur without increasing additional drawing memory.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Driving technique of passive matrix type LCD, especially refer to a kind ofly, do not increase the figure internal memory and shorten the liquid crystal reaction time effectively and improve the driving method of dynamic menu blooming at stable twisted nematic (TN) and STN Super TN type (STN) passive matrix type LCD (LCD).
Background technology
Liquid crystal flat panel display can be divided into passive-matrix type (PM-LCD) and two kinds on active-matrix type (AM-LCD) according to driving display packing.Wherein the type of drive of PM-LCD is on upper and lower two face glasss, transparent ITO (the Indium Tin Oxide) electrode of horizontal direction is set on a panel respectively, the transparent ITO electrode of vertical direction is set on another panel, after two panels is fitted (middle filling liquid crystal), the clathrate position that upper and lower panel formation electrode is reported to the leadship after accomplishing a task is exactly the picture element of display panel, the potential difference (PD) of picture element is the electrode that provides driving voltage to control two directions by the outside, reaches the rotation that drives liquid crystal in the picture element.
Common (TN) and super (STN) all belong to the PM-LCD product, itself there is not non-linear component (a similar switch module) with the operation of liquid crystal in the control picture element, so the formation of each picture element is the overlapping zone of common (Common) electrode cabling with vertical data (Segment) the electrode cabling of level.Its basic principle of operation is to utilize root-mean-square value (the Root Mean Square Value of liquid crystal material to applying voltage; RMS) electrooptical effect that is produced, the reaction time of liquid crystal material must be much larger than the scan period that drives pulse wave, if picture frame sweep frequency (frame rate) is 60Hz, the time interval that each bar horizontal scanning line (being the copolar electrode) is selected is 16.67ms, the then required liquid crystal material reaction time is generally 200ms, and this is the necessary condition of liquid crystal to root-mean-square value (RMS) reaction.
But traditional amplitude selects to drive (Alt ﹠amp; Pleshko Theory; APT) if mode is will show dynamic menu the time, because the reaction time of liquid crystal material is slow excessively, can cause the phenomenon of moving image smear, still, if use the rapid-action liquid crystal material, can cause the serious flicker of picture (Flicker) phenomenon, picture contrast simultaneously can significantly reduce.
Seeing also Fig. 1, is the computing block schematic diagram of tabling look-up of (Over-Driving) circuit of generally overdriving.At foregoing problems, general settling mode is the value at the given different overdrive voltage V ' of different pictures, the practice is the existing picture frame (Current Field) that utilizes a picture decision circuitry 10 newly to come in and before be stored in one and be arranged at the comparison of the last picture frame (Previous Field) of drive unit inside (or outside) figure internal memory 11 through a comparator circuit 12, if data then expression inequality is a dynamic menu, be to see through computing (LUT) circuit 13 of tabling look-up to utilize the mode of tabling look-up generally for the data of dynamic menu, send corresponding output voltage values of overdriving, the principle of operation of Here it is known overdrive circuit.
The computing (LUT) of tabling look-up is to use the array of an index to be used as new overdrive voltage V ' value table, the calculation that some are non-linear and complicated is integrated into constant summarizes, make and omitted complicated calculating in the whole calculating process, improved the image processing efficient of essence.And the output voltage values that is sent can correspondence go out the correct output overdrive voltage V ' of data electrode, so can effectively shorten the used amplitude of traditional passive-matrix type LCD (TN type and STN type) and select to drive the reaction time of (APT), reduce the phenomenon of playing smear in the dynamic menu.
Because passive-matrix type LCD is a kind of passive type framework, there is no switch module in each picture element, electric charge after the charging of liquid crystal storage capacitors can't be pinned, so behind the data electrode output voltage, electric charge in the liquid crystal capacitance can be through perhaps its charge path electric leakage of stray electrical, so liquid crystal capacitance can't be kept fixing accurate position, so data electrode is after a picture frame time charging, the real effectively current potential of liquid crystal picture element electric capacity can be than data electrode output little a lot, cause the phenomenon that shows dynamic menu edge fog (Blurring).
In addition, because overdrive compensation method capable stores the data of last picture except need, outside being used for making comparisons with present picture data, also to store the relatively data of the whole compensation picture in back (bucking voltage) in addition, so the essential extra storage capacity of a figure internal memory that increases is in order to store the relatively data of the whole compensation picture in back (bucking voltage).So the internal memory in script drive IC inside will use inadequately, need the extra memory headroom that doubles again, with causing the demand of the memory size of product to increase manufacturing cost too greatly, the manufacturing needed chip size of drive IC (die size) is strengthened.
Summary of the invention
So, for solving above-mentioned disappearance, avoid disappearance to exist, the present invention selects to drive with the amplitude of super passive-matrix type LCD such as (STN) for (TN), by the conversion of data between colour gamut and the method for adding overdrive compensation method capable and high frequency turnover rate, and the position of storage data rearrange (BitAllocation), the storage figure place of the odd and even number three primary colors (RGB) of the sum total of an odd and even number raw data and the data addition of overdriving and original each group is the same before and after making, do not increasing under extra figure internal memory (GRAM) situation, improve the reaction time of stable twisted nematic (TN) and STN Super TN type passive-matrix type LCD such as (STN), improve the phenomenon of dynamic menu fuzzy (Blurring).
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention does not increase the figure internal memory and improves twist mode and the driving method in super twist mode LCD reaction time, its driving method is to utilize the principle of operation of overdriving, with the judgment mechanism of present three primary colors data through dynamic menu, when the data of present data and previous picture not simultaneously, to send corresponding output three primary colors data of overdriving through the mode that the utilization of (LUT) computing circuit tables look-up of tabling look-up.And for saving the figure memory storage space, the three primary colors data-switching of present image is become the YCbCr data of present picture, the YCbCr data that the three primary colors data-switching of also output of last image being overdrived becomes to overdrive; Again with the YCbCr data of present picture and the YCbCr data of overdriving according to video signal compression standard compression sampling and combine, further reduce the CbCr bit of storage of the YCbCr data of present picture, and reduce the YCbCr bit of storage of the YCbCr that overdrives.See through the YCbCr data that data bit rearranges the present picture after will reducing again and be stored in the figure internal memory with the YCbCr data of overdriving; Export frequency multiplier circuit thereafter and through one, flexibly in the time that each data bus upgrades, according to given N the compensation current potential of overdriving than original output potential higher (or lower) of YCbCr data of overdriving, wherein this N is more than or equal to 2, the positive integer smaller or equal to 8.
Wherein, these output three primary colors data of overdriving are to see through the computing of tabling look-up, and send the given different compensation current potential of overdriving of corresponding different pictures, and this compensation potential range of overdriving is for more than or equal to 0, smaller or equal to the ceiling voltage of liquid crystal drive.And the three primary colors data to transfer YCbCr compression sampling to be to be Y: Cb: Cr=4: 2: 2, Y: Cb: Cr=4: 2: 0 and Y: Cb: Cr=4: a wherein sampling calculation rule of 1: 1.
Because, generally the data voltage of exporting once in the time at a picture frame (frame) charges to liquid crystal capacitance, but because there is no switch module in each picture element of passive-matrix type LCD (TN type and STN type), electric charge in the liquid crystal capacitance can be through perhaps its charge path electric leakage of stray electrical, so after the time, the voltage on the liquid crystal capacitance is the voltage quasi position that is not enough to reach the input data bus expection at a picture frame.We change to repeat to export (promptly picture element electric capacity being charged for N time in the time at a picture frame) in the time N time at a picture frame, and give the bucking voltage of overdriving of higher (or lower), so can in the shorter time, just allow the liquid crystal rotation reach our desired destination brightness, significantly improve (TN) and cause movable image to blur the problem of (blurring) excessively slowly with the super passive-matrix type LCD reaction time such as (STN).
To through repeatedly driving just can reach object brightness at a picture frame in time by over-driving method, with more coarse driven the same effect of improving the reaction time is arranged also so lacked several positions, therefore under the situation that does not increase extra drawing memory, can be directly a last picture all be stored in a drawing memory of original drive IC inside with overdrive data after the compensation deals of present picture, also reaches the purpose that we improve stable twisted nematic and STN Super TN type (TN/STN) passive matrix type LCD reaction time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the computing block schematic diagram of general overdrive circuit.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of data electrode signal output waveform in the time of a scanning picture frame.
Fig. 3 is the data electrode signal is divided into the accurate digit wave form of output of 16 equal portions a line time a synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the interior liquid crystal of a picture element is by the position view of original intensity to object brightness.
Fig. 5 is the block schematic diagram of overdrive circuit of the present invention.
The frequency that the data electrode that Fig. 6 describes driven unit writes panel will be the N comparison synoptic diagram of (6 times) and former renewal frequency doubly of input data bus renewal frequency.
The data electrode that Fig. 7 describes driven unit writes panel with overdrive voltage, and frequency will be N times (6 times) of input data bus renewal frequency and the comparison synoptic diagram of the former renewal frequency of primary voltage.
Fig. 8 is that the offset data electrode signal (SEG) of overdriving is divided into the synoptic diagram of the accurate digit wave form of output of 16 equal portions a line time.
Fig. 9 is that the three primary colors data are changed and the synoptic diagram that subtracts the position through YCbCr (4: 2: 2).
Embodiment
Further understand and understanding for making architectural feature of the present invention and the effect reached had, cooperate detailed explanation, be described as follows in order to preferred embodiment and accompanying drawing:
According to stable twisted nematic and the STN Super TN type used driving methods of passive-matrix type LCD such as (TN/STN), the difference of the digital red green blue tricolor data of data based each picture frame input of drive IC and change different output gray scale voltages.Because stable twisted nematic (TN) has only the black and white two states with STN Super TN type (STN), and the generation of GTG is with pulse-width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation in the time of a sweep trace (1line); PWM) mode is distinguished.See also shown in Figure 2, the synoptic diagram of the output waveform that is the data electrode signal in the time of a scanning picture frame.Suppose to have in time of a picture frame sweep trace (m * n matrix type LCD) of m bar, read-write (WR) cycle is represented the time (1 line time) of a sweep trace, different output gray scale voltage in the data electrode signal data-driven as seen from Figure 2, and export different pulse-width modulation waveforms.
As shown in Figure 3, suppose the time of a sweep trace charging is divided into 16 equal portions, data electrode signal SEG0 complete black equal portions in the time of a certain line are to account for 6/16, next bar line then is 12/16, and data electrode signal SEG1 complete black shared equal portions in the time of this line are 13/16, and next bar line then is 10/16.But, because passive-matrix type LCD, there is no switch module in each picture element, so behind the data electrode output voltage, electric charge in the liquid crystal capacitance can be through perhaps its charge path electric leakage of stray electrical, so liquid crystal capacitance can't be kept fixing accurate position, thus data electrode after a picture frame time charging, the real effectively current potential of liquid crystal picture element electric capacity can than data electrode output little a lot.
See also shown in Figure 4, be in the picture element liquid crystal by the position view of original intensity to object brightness.Data electrode need be through after the charging of a plurality of picture frame times, liquid crystal just can be reached by the effective voltage Veff of initial position to the target location in the picture element, so stable twisted nematic (TN) just can be so slow with the reaction time of STN Super TN type passive-matrix type LCD such as (STN).Charging voltage in first picture frame time data electrode pair liquid crystal capacitance is V1, but because stray electrical its charge path electrical leakage voltage d1 perhaps, so first picture frame time data electrode is V1-d1=Veff1 to the effective voltage of liquid crystal capacitance at last; The rest may be inferred, and the effective voltage of second picture frame time data electrode pair liquid crystal capacitance also is V1-d1=Veff2.Suppose to send the object brightness that just reaches us behind the identical voltage of ten secondaries, so the reaction time of LCD is exactly time 16.67ms * 12 of each picture frame, near 200ms through data electrode.
Seeing also shown in Figure 5ly, is the block schematic diagram of overdrive circuit of the present invention.The present invention utilizes the principle of operation of generally overdriving, value at the given different overdrive voltage V ' of different pictures, utilize existing picture frame (Current Field) data that a picture decision circuitry 20 will newly come in and before be stored in one and be arranged at last picture frame (Previous Field) data of figure internal memory 21 of drive unit inside (or outside) through the mutual comparison of a comparison means 22, if expression inequality is a dynamic menu, be to see through one to table look-up after (LUT) computing circuit 23 utilizes the mode of tabling look-up to go to table look-up generally, send the value of corresponding overdrive voltage V ' for the data of dynamic menu.
The present invention is the comparison means 22 through the judgement dynamic menu at input three primary colors (RGB) data bus rear, as long as find that present data are different with the data of previous picture, see through an output frequency multiplier circuit 24 that is positioned at behind this computing of tabling look-up (LUT) circuit 23, flexibly in the time that each data bus upgrades, compensate current potential V ' than overdriving of original output potential V higher (or lower) given N time, and this N is more than or equal to 2, positive integer smaller or equal to 8 (2 N 8), and this compensation current potential V ' is that original output potential V is through tabling look-up the pairing value of computing (LUT), send corresponding output voltage values of overdriving, its voltage range is the ceiling voltage of 0V '≤liquid crystal drive.So the data electrode of driven unit write the frequency of display panel will be input three primary colors (RGB) data bus renewal frequency N doubly.
Seeing also shown in Figure 6ly, is that frequency that the data electrode of describing driven unit writes panel will be the N comparison synoptic diagram of (6 times) and former renewal frequency doubly of input data bus renewal frequency.The right is depicted as the interior liquid crystal of a picture element by the voltage quasi position (Target Voltage) of initial zero accurate position to object brightness, data electrode need be sent identical output voltage V 1 through the time of six picture frames just can reach our object brightness afterwards, so the reaction time is exactly time 16.6ms * 6 of each picture frame (Frame), near 100ms, wherein d1 is the voltage quasi position of leaving behind because of the leakage path of picture element.And on the left side of Fig. 6, we make the original output potential V1 of data electrode in data update time (i.e. picture frame time), seeing through this output frequency multiplier circuit 24 makes this output voltage V 1 repeat to export six times, so can in the time of a picture frame, just allow the liquid crystal rotation reach our desired destination brightness, so the reaction time can shorten to the time=16.6ms of a picture frame.
Seeing also shown in Figure 7ly, is that the data electrode of describing driven unit writes panel with overdrive voltage, and frequency will be the N comparison synoptic diagram of (6 times) and the former renewal frequency of primary voltage doubly of input data bus renewal frequency.The left side among the figure, the output voltage V 1 of superimpose data electrode is used overdrive voltage V ' instead and is replaced, to make the reaction time more shorten (reaction time can less than the time of a picture frame), for improving stable twisted nematic (TN) and STN Super TN type slow excessively better effects if of passive matrix display reaction time such as (STN).Way by this, not only make the effective voltage of data electrode output than original output potential V bigger (or littler), also repeat output in update time repeatedly data, so can in the shorter time, just allow the liquid crystal rotation reach our desired destination brightness, significantly improve stable twisted nematic (TN) and cause movable image to blur the problem of (blurring) excessively slowly with the STN Super TN type passive-matrix type LCD reaction time such as (STN).
See also shown in Figure 8, synoptic diagram (the accurate digit wave form of output of " Fig. 3 " is overdrived) for the accurate digit wave form of (Over-Driving) offset data electrode of overdriving, data electrode SEG0 complete black equal portions in the time of a certain line in back are to account for 13/16 of the whole piece sweep trace time (1line time) overdriving, next bar line then is 14/16, and data electrode SEG1 complete black equal portions in the time of a certain line are to account for 15/16, and next bar line then is 12/16.
The present invention by allow in the time in each Data Update the compensation of overdriving of data electrode output N time make liquid crystal in the picture element can be in the shorter time (near a picture frame time) reach or near making in the picture element liquid crystal by the object brightness of initial position, so can significantly improve the phenomenon that moving image blurs to the effective voltage Veff of target location.And, because stable twisted nematic (TN) is that amplitude selects to drive (APT) with the basic driver method of STN Super TN type (STN), its principle of operation is an electrooptical effect of utilizing liquid crystal material that the root-mean-square value (RMS) of applying voltage is produced, behind the overdrive voltage penalty method process root-mean-square value therefore of the present invention (RMS), do not have serious scintillation.
In addition, aspect the storage of graph data, originally overdrive compensation method capable need increase an extra figure internal memory (GRAM) in order to store the relatively data of the whole compensation picture in back of previous picture, be used for making comparisons with the picture data of coming at present, we can become the YCbCr data with three primary colors (RGB) data-switching of image data, according to video signal compression standard compression sampling and in conjunction with (as shown in Figure 5), last drawing frame data is earlier through one first converting unit 25, this first converting unit 25 inserts the image data of the three primary colors (RGB) of last picture frame, and three primary colors (RGB) data-switching is become the YCbCr data of a present picture, and for dynamic image, also YCbCr data that the YCbCr data-switching is become to overdrive, again with the YCbCr data of present picture and the YCbCr data of overdriving according to video signal compression standard compression sampling and combine, again will in conjunction with after the YCbCr data storing in drive unit inside the figure internal memory 21 of (or outside), and one second converting unit 26 again will in conjunction with after the YCbCr data-switching become three primary colors (RGB) data, and give this comparison means 22 with data.Wherein should compress sampling Y: Cb: Cr=4: 2: 2, Y: Cb: Cr=4: 2: 0 and Y: Cb: Cr=4: a wherein sampling calculation rule of 1: 1.Because the meaning of Y representative is brightness (luminance) signal, and the meaning of Cb and Cr representative is a colour difference signal, at the most responsive Y composition of human vision, be stored in again in the figure internal memory after the sampling compression through a sampling ratio, reduce the size of drive unit required memory.
As shown in Figure 9, suppose that the RGB data are 6bits patterns, do not do the conversion between colour gamut before, the data of the three primary colors of every group of odd and even number 18bits (RGB) add altogether 36bits of stack up.We utilize two RGB of odd and even number to do conversion between 4: 2: 2 colour gamuts of YCbCr to reduce the storage data amount earlier, so the data of last the picture in conversion back are that 24bits and whole data of overdriving the compensation picture also are 24bits, both add stack up is 48bits, Duoed 12bits than original 36bits, so increased by 1/3 internal memory possibly.So see through conversion such as Y between colour gamut: Cb: Cr=4: 2: 2.And rearrange (Bit Allocation) action for the position that the Cb of the original YCbCr data of odd and even number after the conversion and Cr carry out reducing the position, by the former 5bits that changes into that should store 6bits, so original YCbCr data can account for internal memory 20bits altogether at last; And for the YCbCr data Y of overdriving of odd and even number after the conversion ', Y ' each only store 5bit, and Cb ' and Cr ' only store 3bit, so drive YCbCr data 16bits altogether.Make through the conversion of data between colour gamut and the position of storage data and rearrange, a front and back odd and even number raw data also equals 36bits with the sum total of the data addition of overdriving, the same with the data volume of the odd and even number RGB that does not make preceding each group of colour gamut conversion, so the present invention is under the situation that does not increase extra figure internal memory, just can improve the reaction time of stable twisted nematic (TN) and STN Super TN type passive-matrix type LCD such as (STN), improve the phenomenon of dynamic menu fuzzy (Blurring).
Can so reduce bit of storage is because the reaction velocity of passive matrix type display is too slow, use aforesaid over-driving method will just can reach object brightness through driving repeatedly in the time at a picture frame, with more coarse driven the same effect of improving the reaction time is arranged also so lacked several positions, therefore under the situation that does not increase extra figure internal memory, so can be directly a last picture all be stored in a figure internal memory of original drive IC inside with overdrive data after the compensation deals of present picture, reaches the purpose that we improve stable twisted nematic and STN Super TN type (TN/STN) passive matrix type LCD reaction time.
In sum, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not to be used for limiting scope of the invention process, all equalizations of doing according to the described shape of claim scope of the present invention, structure, feature and spirit change and modify, and all should be included in the claim scope of the present invention.
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| CN101588497B (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2010-09-29 | 硅谷数模半导体（北京）有限公司 | Frame buffering data compression and decompression method and circuit for LCD overdrive |
| KR102128953B1 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2020-07-01 | 젠텍스 코포레이션 | Electronic dimming window with improved performance |
| CN112349253A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-09 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Overdrive compensation method and apparatus thereof |
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| CN1828713A (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-06 | 奇美电子股份有限公司 | Overdrive device and its method |
| CN1866349A (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2006-11-22 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel and its timing controller and method for generating overdrive parameters |
| CN1904987A (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2007-01-31 | Lg电子株式会社 | Method for driving plasma display panel |
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| CN1828713A (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-06 | 奇美电子股份有限公司 | Overdrive device and its method |
| CN1904987A (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2007-01-31 | Lg电子株式会社 | Method for driving plasma display panel |
| CN1866349A (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2006-11-22 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel and its timing controller and method for generating overdrive parameters |
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