CN101291267A - Implementing method for fire disaster situation monitoring system based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Implementing method for fire disaster situation monitoring system based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN101291267A CN101291267A CNA2008100600768A CN200810060076A CN101291267A CN 101291267 A CN101291267 A CN 101291267A CN A2008100600768 A CNA2008100600768 A CN A2008100600768A CN 200810060076 A CN200810060076 A CN 200810060076A CN 101291267 A CN101291267 A CN 101291267A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing a fire situation monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network. A wireless sensor network information collection node is arranged in a large building and other regions where probably fire occurs; information is transmitted to an information convergence node through wireless multihop; the convergence information is grouped and transmitted to a monitoring center base station by the information convergence node; fire development situation is analyzed and extracted by a situation analysis server; firemen access to the monitoring center base station in real time through a wireless terminal, download the fire development situation of a managed region and draw an auxiliary decision-making diagram. The method can help the firemen grip the fire development situation and effectively set down an outfire proposal in time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless sense network application management field, relate to the fire disaster situation monitoring system based implementation method in a kind of building.
Background technology
(wireless sensor network WSN) is current emerging forward position research hot fields that receive much concern in the world, that intersected by multidisciplinary height to wireless sensor network.Wireless sensor network has very wide application prospect, in military and national defense, industrial or agricultural, city management, biologic medical, environmental monitoring, rescue and relief work, anti-probably anti-terrorism, many fields such as deathtrap Long-distance Control all have important scientific research to be worth and huge practical value, world many countries military circles have been caused, the great attention of academia and industrial quarters, and become the hot research field, emerging forward position of generally acknowledging that entered since 2000, be considered to one of the technology of power that will have an immense impact on to 21st century, it will exert far reaching influence to the human following life style.
Present fire situation monitoring is used, and only lays wired test point usually, and the fire information that some discrete points are provided is to the fire fighting monitoring center.Wired access causes laying dumb, intrinsic problems such as the easy damage of circuit.The synthesis result of boolean's information (0/1) of some discrete points only can provide the roughly distribution situation in the space of fire, originating point, the development trend of fire can not be provided, diffusion orientation, speed, complete fire situation information such as escape way guiding can't provide more effective help for the fire fighter.Wireless network is compared the application of cable network in the monitoring of fire situation and is had more advantage, can solve the laying very flexible of wired access and the problems such as circuit damage that hot environment causes.The characteristics of the short-distance and medium-distance that monitoring is used according to fire situation, low rate, burst data transmission, the long-term post of network, existing short distance low rate wireless communication technology such as zigbee can partly satisfy this demands of applications on message transmission.This technology is by the convergence node of wireless multi-hop transmitting grouped data to appointment, but this technology has only defined the wireless multi-hop network consensus standard of short distance, low rate, burst transfers of data type, can not satisfy the long-term post requirement of network, and do not provide other fire situation to monitor necessary node locating function, information convergence and fire-fighting situation analytic function and fireman's handheld terminal information access function etc., therefore use still existence deficiency in the monitoring of fire situation.
Summary of the invention
The implementation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fire disaster situation monitoring system based on wireless sensor network.
At first do systems organization, determine the distribution map of information gathering node, information convergence node, fire situation analysis center in the building of fire fighting monitoring.Determine then to assemble the information aggregation scheme of node self and the routing policy between the node, realize that the aggregate information multi-hop of single convergence node is transferred to the function of fire situation Surveillance center.The comprehensive situation analysis platform of fire situation Surveillance center generates fire situation in real time according to the historical information that receives.In localized network, use wireless access technology and realize that the information gathering node inserts the function of single convergence node.Under obtaining, information gathering node employing wireless location technology assembles relative location of node information.In the most of the time of network system work, network traffics are less, in case event of fire occurs, then burst generates a large amount of network traffic datas, the adaptive-flow regulation technology that application affairs triggers on the information gathering node for this reason is to obtain the compromise optimization of network energy consumption and QoS demand.The fire situation that fire fighter's handheld terminal needs to insert the building is flexibly analyzed and storage server, and dynamically obtains current fire situation, auxiliary fire-fighting decision-making.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1. the information gathering node is assembled the fast wireless access technology of node to information; The information gathering node is limited in 1～3 jumping to the jumping figure of information aggregation node, to support low time delay message transmission.Network topology adopts tree type or bunch type structure, and the MAC access way of node is that the superframe scheduling adds the sleep management.Routing policy uses the diffusion route to create a mechanism.
2. the flow of Event triggered and task periodic time self-adapting are regulated.Temperature and smokescope information near most of node periodic report of network post stage, data report speed to be made as T
1, the breaking out of fire incident, node reports rate adaptation to be adjusted into T information
2, require T
1T
2, and T
1To T
2Switching time be limited in the less time.The information gathering node receives the packet that carries event message, adjusts the task work period, to satisfy the required bandwidth of transfer of data that burst increases.
3. information is assembled node distribution planning, multi-hop transmission plan.
In the project period of network system, realize the planning of the position distribution of information aggregation node, the wireless LAN communication standard is adopted in the multi-hop transmission of assembling between the node, and routing mechanism drives for table.
4. the situation analysis of monitoring central server
The grouped data that whole network is uploaded is collected by the wireless base station by Surveillance center, and extracts the validity event information parameter group within the fixed time scope, and draws fire-fighting situation development trend figure and make predicting the outcome of auxiliary fire-fighting decision-making.
5. handheld terminal access and information are obtained
The fire fighter is by the situation Analysis server in handheld terminal energy wireless access building, and access way is used relevant WLAN (wireless local area network) and inserted standard.Handheld terminal wireless access server base station obtains the fire-fighting situation in whole building in real time, also can obtain the fire-fighting situation of assigned address.Handheld terminal requires to have the function that the situation information of downloading can be drawn and shown by GIS.
The present invention can realize the effective monitoring fire disaster situation monitoring system based to the building.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a network system topology schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a radio node networking flow chart.
Fig. 3 is that the data acquisition adaptive-flow of Event triggered is adjusted flow chart.
The task periodic time self-adapting of Fig. 4 Event triggered is regulated flow chart.
Fig. 5 situation analysis process schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 handheld terminal inserts and the situation content is obtained flow chart
Specific implementation method
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The planning of network system topology.As shown in Figure 1, network system comprises the following network equipment: the information gathering node,
Information is assembled node, Surveillance center base station, situation Analysis server, fire-fighting handheld terminal etc.The information gathering node carries temperature sensor or Smoke Sensor, periodically produces temperature data grouping, the grouping of smog Boolean type, is transferred to information by the 802.15.4MAC access mechanism and assembles node.Information is assembled node and is used the multichannel communication standard, receives the information gathering grouping and also assembles, and will assemble packet then and be transferred to the base station of Surveillance center by 802.11MAC access mechanism multi-hop, and the situation Analysis server is delivered in the grouping that the base station will receive.Handheld terminal dynamically obtains the information data that situation is analyzed by 802.11MAC access mechanism and Surveillance center's base station communication, makes a strategic decision for fire-fighting.
The information gathering node is to the wireless networking of information convergence node, as shown in Figure 2.Information assemble node at first will
Information is assembled the link information that channel acquires the wireless base station, sets up key routing iinformation; Then at information gathering channel radio beacon frame, with the networking and the data access of support information acquisition node.Information gathering node scan father node or information are assembled the beacon frame of node, are the localized network at center to add with the information gathering node.
The self adaptation regulation mechanism in the flow of information gathering node and task cycle, as shown in Figure 3, the information gathering node is in the non-event of fire stage in most of operating time, information value is lower, therefore the cycle of sensor acquisition information can be less relatively, to save the utilization rate of the network bandwidth, the final purpose that realizes saving node energy consumption and prolong network life.Be illustrated in figure 4 as the adaptive-flow communication mechanism that cooperates Event triggered, after the information gathering node receives the event message grouping that child node uploads, need in time to adjust the task work period of self, promptly increase the wireless receiving and dispatching timeslot number in the MAC of the unit access period.Do not receive event message reach certain hour after, readjust the task work period, enter non-incident working stage.
Fire-fighting situation is analyzed, as shown in Figure 5, situation Analysis server base station receives the event message grouping that has the node relative position, extracts effectively right environmental information parameter group { p, t, ψ }, wherein p is a positional information, and t is a time of reception, and ψ is corresponding environmental information, as temperature parameter, smog boolean parameter (having/do not have).Server preserve current time t and before within the Δ t scope, i.e. all effective information parameter group in the time period [t-Δ t, t], and analyze following situation content:
1) dispersal direction and the speed of the fire-fighting critical areas within the Δ t scope.
2) the interior fire of short-term [t, the t+ Δ t] zone that may arrive.
3) escape way that can use of current time distributes.
The fire-fighting handheld terminal inserts and information is obtained flow process, as shown in Figure 6.The access standard of handheld terminal is identical to the access standard of base station with information convergence node, but employing wireless local area network (LAN) 802.11 wireless communication standards.
Claims (4)
1,, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps: based on the fire disaster situation monitoring system based implementation method of wireless sense network
1) the information gathering node is assembled the fast wireless access of node to information: the information gathering node is limited in 1～3 jumping to the jumping figure of information aggregation node, to support low time delay message transmission.Network topology adopts tree type or bunch type structure, and the MAC access way of node is that the superframe scheduling adds the sleep management;
2) flow of Event triggered and task periodic time self-adapting are regulated: temperature and smokescope information near most of node periodic report of network post stage, data report speed to be made as T
1, the breaking out of fire incident, node reports rate adaptation to be adjusted into T information
2, require T
1T
2, and T
1To T
2Switching time be limited in the less time; The information gathering node receives the packet that carries event message, adjusts the task work period, to satisfy the required bandwidth of transfer of data that burst increases.
3) information is assembled node distribution planning, multi-hop transmission plan;
4) the situation analysis of monitoring central server: the grouped data that whole network is uploaded is collected by the wireless base station by Surveillance center, and extract validity event information parameter group within the fixed time scope, and draw fire-fighting situation development trend figure and make predicting the outcome of auxiliary fire-fighting decision-making;
5) handheld terminal access and information are obtained: the fire fighter is by the situation Analysis server in handheld terminal energy wireless access building, handheld terminal wireless access server base station, obtain the fire-fighting situation in whole building in real time, also can obtain the fire-fighting situation of assigned address.
2, the fire disaster situation monitoring system based implementation method based on wireless sense network according to claim 1 is characterized in that route uses the diffusion route to create a mechanism in the described step 1).
3, the fire disaster situation monitoring system based implementation method based on wireless sense network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described step 3) project period in network system, the planning of the position distribution of realization information aggregation node, the wireless LAN communication standard is adopted in the multi-hop transmission of assembling between the node, and routing mechanism drives for table.
4, the fire disaster situation monitoring system based implementation method based on wireless sense network according to claim 1 is characterized in that the handheld terminal access way is used relevant WLAN (wireless local area network) access standard in the described step 5); Handheld terminal requires to have the function that the situation information of downloading can be drawn and shown by GIS.
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| CN102355753B (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2014-01-01 | 江南大学 | Museum Environmental Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network |
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