CN101288386B - Silt sea cucumber culture box and culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to sea cucumber cultivation equipment and a sea cucumber cultivation method. In the sea cucumber culture method on the silt seabed, first put the sea cucumber seedlings into the culture equipment, and rely on the consolidation force of the silt to support the culture equipment in a calm sea to ensure that the equipment is supported at least 1/2 of the height on the upper part of the silt; when the consolidation weakens and dissipates, Prevent the sinking of the breeding equipment by controlling the amount of silt entering the breeding equipment, and ensure that at least 1/4 of the height of the equipment is supported on the upper part of the silt. During the breeding process, regular cleaning is required to remove the feces of sea cucumbers and wild debris inside and outside the breeding equipment. Regular inspection and The completeness of various facilities related to breeding and the sinking degree of breeding equipment ensure that the breeding equipment is within a certain range of sinking degree of silt. The invention exploits 90% of the seabed space area, has a wide space, low breeding risk, sufficient bait, does not require energy and sterilization, has a wide silt area and high income.

Description

Silt sea cucumber culture box and culture method

1. Technical field:

The invention relates to a sea cucumber cultivation equipment, especially a sea cucumber cultivation equipment, and also relates to a sea cucumber cultivation method in mud.

2. Background technology:

Existing sea cucumber culture method has following several kinds:

1. The method of hanging and raising seedlings on floating rafts in natural sea areas and throwing seedlings on natural reefs: there has not been a successful example of hanging and raising sea cucumbers on floating rafts in natural sea areas so far. The necessary conditions are that when seedlings are cast on reefs in natural sea areas, the survival rate from seedlings to cultivation is less than 40%. Because of seedling cultivation technology, after some farmers put ginseng seedlings into the sea, none of them survived and caused huge losses.

There is also a method of building artificial reefs in silt in natural sea areas. With the arbitrarily rising price and the lack of natural reefs, fishermen began to throw stones into the muddy seabed other than natural reefs to build reefs. In the end, they all ended up in a mess and lost their money. Calculate by building one mu of rock reef with one thousand cubic meters. It can be considered that the amount of rocks thrown is huge, and the reef built on the silt plane is as high as the height of the reef, but the artificial reef no longer exists (buried by silt) in the next year. It is okay to throw stones and sandbags at the edge of natural reefs, but it is not advisable to throw stones and build reefs in pure silt areas. Therefore, the seabed area outside the reef is affected by factors such as strong typhoon destructive power, large currents induced by the ebb and flow of the tide, a large number of algae and other sundries that move with the tide, which add resistance to the seabed farming equipment, and insufficient support of seabed silt. The area of the seabed is still underutilized.

2. (Pond excavation enclosure) sea cucumber breeding enclosure and seaside barrier dam enclosure: the design principle is: the low tide can release water, and the spring tide can be filled with water when the tide is high. Close the gates in order to do the water circulation in the circle. When the tidal current comes, the water in the cultured sea cucumber circle cannot circulate due to the low sea level. This method is open-air cultivation. During the flood season, there is continuous heavy rain and a large amount of fresh water is injected. In the sea cucumber breeding circle, the salinity and the pH value of the water suddenly change dramatically, causing a large number or all of the adult and young sea cucumbers to die. In addition, during the high temperature period in summer, the water in the breeding pen cannot be replaced in time, the excess supply of bait and the organic matter in the bottom can make the nitrogen content of the water continuously increase and cause the death of sea cucumbers.

3. Building pond culture indoors: Relying on the existing breeding technology can realize the expected income, but it must be realized under the premise of high technology investment and high energy (coal, electricity) consumption. Any season is closely related to technology, and if there is a slight mistake, there will be the danger of total destruction. Only large-scale enterprises can control the existing high-tech pond breeding.

Based on the analysis of the existing breeding methods above, it can be seen that the current production of sea cucumber farming cannot meet the needs of the market, there is a huge gap between supply and demand, and there is a large degree of deficiency in sea cucumber farming technology. Not being used.

3. Contents of the invention:

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages, provide a method for cultivating sea cucumbers on the bottom of the mud, solve the technical problems between typhoons, silt, cultivating utensils and rapids, and ensure the necessary conditions for the survival of sea cucumbers such as light receiving, bait supply, and water circulation. , and does not require energy, no pollution during the breeding process, easy to manage, easy to operate, high yield; in addition, a special breeding box is provided, the structure is simple, the sea cucumber grows fast and does not lose.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is: sea cucumber cultivation method in silt seabed, first put the sea cucumber seedlings into the cultivation equipment, and rely on the consolidation force of the silt to support the cultivation equipment under the normal state of calm sea to ensure that the equipment is supported at least 1/2 of the height The upper part of the silt; when the consolidation weakens and dissipates, prevent the sinking of the aquaculture equipment by controlling the amount of silt entering the aquaculture equipment, and ensure that at least 1/4 of the height of the equipment is supported on the upper part of the silt. During the breeding process, regular cleaning is required to remove sea cucumbers Regularly check the completeness of various facilities related to farming and the sinking degree of farming equipment to ensure that the farming equipment is within a certain range of sinking degree of silt.

The bait of sea cucumbers in the cultivation process is microorganisms in the sea, floating mud organic matter, algae debris, algae rot and rot debris.

The regular cleaning is generally once every half a month to one month, and once every 1-2 months in winter when there are no big waves. After the huge waves pass, the sea surface must be checked and cleaned.

When the sinking range of the farming equipment reaches 2/3-3/4, the farming equipment is manually lifted up once to give the farming equipment a foothold at a certain sinking degree.

The special breeding equipment for the silt sea cucumber breeding method of the present invention is a breeding box, the bottom surface of the box body is a horizontal bottom surface, the height of the box body is 1/11-1/5 of the circumference of the bottom surface of the box body, and a fixed column is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the box body The sea cucumber attachment base is installed through the fixed column. The top of the box is an openable and separable upper cover. There are light-transmitting windows on the upper cover and side walls of the box. Two water circulation filter ports are equipped with a filter net, and an air intake and exhaust hole is arranged on the upper cover, and the two sides of the bottom plate are provided with inlet and outlet holes, and a filter device with a switch is installed in the inlet and outlet holes.

The sea cucumber attachment base is a juvenile sea cucumber attachment base, which is a central fixed column equipped with a fixed plate with a transparent mesh in the frame, vertical slots are arranged at a certain distance on the frame of the fixed plate, and the edge of the mesh is connected to the frame of the fixed plate. The vertical slots are plugged in, the connecting rods are connected between the four fixed columns, and the attachment meshes are fixedly installed on the connecting rods. The attachment meshes are square meshes arranged in a line on both sides of the fixing plate.

The sea cucumber attachment base is a sea cucumber cultivation attachment base. The trapezoidal transparent net in the frame is fixed in the middle of the four sides of the frame. The isosceles of the transparent net are fixedly connected with L-shaped plates, and there is a certain gap between the L-shaped plates. The height of the L-shaped plate is The height increases successively from the frame to the center, forming a slope.

The hole diameters of the attachment mesh, the permeable mesh and the filter mesh are 1-7mm.

A concealed (anti-collision) safety button is provided between the box body and the upper cover, and the box body is provided with a rope ring connected with a lifting rope.

The light-transmitting window is a plexiglass or a high-strength glass light-transmitting window with a light-transmitting net at the bottom.

The silt sea cucumber breeding box of the present invention is a product made by using marine geology, marine power, geometric cube mechanics, pressure and its reaction force, biology and science to make unfavorable factors favorable. The cultivation box of the present invention is widely applicable to the cultivation of sea treasures, mainly for the cultivation and cultivation of juvenile sea cucumber seedlings, supplemented by the cultivation and cultivation of abalone, snail, crab, sea urchin and seedlings, and the temporary cultivation and delayed listing of fish.

The present invention has the advantages of sea cucumber cultured in mud seabed: 90% of the seabed space is exploited, the space is wide, the breeding risk is low, the bait is sufficient, energy and sterilization are not needed, the mud area is wide, and the profit is high. Make full use of the sufficient bait on the surface of the silt, which is rich in sea cucumbers, and completely solve the problems of insufficient bait supply, slow growth, and excess bait in the silt area in the natural sea area. The water temperature is 3-25 degrees all the year round. The water temperature for the growth of japonicus is 1-27 degrees, the salinity is maintained at 2.63%-3.27% for many years, and the pH value is between 8.0-8.3. These stable and natural favorable conditions meet the growth needs of japonicus. There will be sea cucumbers in the place where the base is attached, so it can be seen that the silt seabed is an ideal area for cultivating sea cucumbers.

4. Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the exterior view of the breeding box of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cultivation box for sea cucumber seedlings of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sea cucumber cultivation box of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sea cucumber attachment base for growing sea cucumbers of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of removing the sea cucumber attachment base according to the present invention.

5. Specific implementation methods:

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but is not limited to the specific examples.

Example

Manufacture a 2 cubic meter cube breeding box with a bottom area of 2*2 meters and a height of 50 centimeters, as shown in Figures 1 and 5, the box is formed by casting, compression molding or welding, and the box is equipped with a suspension The rope ring is 16, which is convenient for hoisting. The height of the box is 1/9 of the circumference of the bottom of the box. The top of the box is an openable and separable upper cover. ) Double insurance button 17. There are light-transmitting windows 3 on the upper cover 1 and side walls 2 of the box body. The light-transmitting windows are equipped with machine glass and high-strength glass light-transmitting windows with light-transmitting mesh at the bottom. Each side wall of the box body is equipped with upper and lower windows. Two rows of light-transmitting windows 3. There are two water circulation filter ports on both sides of the light-transmitting windows. At least two layers of 2mm-diameter filter screens 4 are installed on the filter ports. An air intake and exhaust hole 5 is also set on the upper cover. The two sides of the bottom plate Offer inlet and outlet 6, inlet and outlet are equipped with filter device with switch, fixed column 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 7 in the casing, and sea cucumber attachment base is installed movably by fixed column.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a sea cucumber seedling cultivation box. The cover and the side wall surface have been removed in the figure, and several fixing columns 8 are fixedly installed on the bottom plate in the box. The central fixed column is equipped with a fixed plate 10 with a 1mm aperture transparent net 9 in the frame, and vertical slots 11 are opened at a certain distance on the frame of the fixed plate, and connecting rods 13 are connected between the four fixed columns, and 1mm is fixedly installed on the connecting rod. Aperture attached mesh, attached mesh 12 edges and the vertical slot on the frame of the fixed plate are plugged in, and the attached mesh is a square mesh arranged in a line on both sides of the fixed plate.

As shown in Figure 3, it is a sea cucumber cultivating equipment. Two layers of sea cucumber attachment bases are installed in the box through a fixed column 8. The sea cucumber attachment base is a sea cucumber cultivation attachment base. The trapezoidal transparent net 9 with a 3mm aperture in the frame 14 as shown in Figure 4 Fixed in the middle of the four sides of the frame, L-shaped plates 15 are fixedly connected to the isosceles of the transparent net, with a certain gap between the L-shaped plates, and the height of the L-shaped plates increases sequentially from the frame to the center to form an inclined plane.

When cultivating sea cucumber seedlings, first use the cultivating box shown in Figure 2, put the sea cucumber seedlings into the cultivating equipment, and rely on the consolidation force of the silt to support the cultivating equipment under the normal state of calm sea. The average specific gravity of the material in the factory is between 1.400-1.100, the buoyancy of seawater is 50%-70% greater than the weight of the material itself, the total material of the breeding equipment and the total density of seawater in the body are between 1027-1047 per cubic meter After sinking into the seabed, the breeding equipment sits on the top of the consolidated silt at a density of 1050/m3-1080/m3 and a depth of 5-15 cm. In the case of weakening and dissipating consolidation, prevent the sinking of the farming equipment by controlling the amount of silt in the farming equipment, and regularly check the integrity of various facilities related to farming and the sinking and floating degree of the farming equipment to ensure that the farming equipment is in a certain amount of sludge. Within the range of subsidence, the bait of sea cucumbers during the breeding process is microorganisms in the sea, floating mud organic matter, algae debris, algae rot, and rotten debris. During the breeding process, it is necessary to remove the feces of sea cucumbers, and wild debris inside and outside the breeding equipment. Generally, it is cleaned every half a month to one month, and once every 1-2 months in winter when there are no big waves. After the huge waves pass and the sea surface stabilizes, it must be checked and cleaned.

When affected by the typhoon and the storm lasts for 4-5 days, 1/2 of the box sinks, and 2/3 of the box sinks for 5-10 consecutive days of storms, and the storm lasts for 15-30 days. To complete the incomplete sinking into the silt, experiment, in a storm surge, the sinking range of the box is about 1/2. The effective breeding space in the box is 96% - 98%. The condition of sea cucumbers is not affected. When affected by typhoons and storm surges, the floating mud with a low density of 5-10 cm on the seabed surface will float for a long time or longer. Soluble in water, the turbidity of the bottom water of the sea is relatively large, and the depth of sinking cannot be measured. However, the breeding box with limited conditions will not be buried during wind and waves, and the filter port on the upper part of the box can continue to work. When the sea is calm and the box body is buried between 2/3-3/4, the silt in the water will gradually sink. The cabinet will be covered twice. At this time, daily management is required to complete. The method adopted in this silt seabed culture technology is to solve the problem that the breeding box will not be silted during the big wave, and it is to solve the problem that the breeding box will not be buried by the silt during the big wave, including the storm surge that lasts for a long time. The living conditions of sea cucumbers. After the big wave calms down, the impact of the amount of silt sinking on the breeding box is completed by checking, cleaning, and picking up the box.

After the sea cucumber grows for a period of time, it is sub-boxed and packed into the breeding box as shown in Figure 3, and then cultivated in the later stage until adulthood.

Claims (9)

1. The mud seabed sea cucumber culture method is characterized in that: firstly put the sea cucumber seedlings into the culture equipment, and rely on the consolidation force of the silt to support the culture equipment under the normal state of calm sea to ensure that the equipment is supported at least 1/2 of the height on the upper part of the mud; In the case of weakening and dissipating, prevent the sinking of the breeding equipment by controlling the amount of silt entering the breeding equipment, and ensure that at least 1/4 of the height of the equipment is supported on the upper part of the silt. During the breeding process, regular cleaning is required to remove the feces of sea cucumbers and the inside and outside of the breeding equipment. For wild debris, regularly check the integrity of various facilities related to breeding and the sinking degree of breeding equipment to ensure that the breeding equipment is within a certain range of sinking degree of silt. 2. The method for cultivating silt sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bait of sea cucumbers in the cultivation process is microorganisms, floating mud organic matter, algae debris and algae rot debris in the sea. 3. The method for cultivating silt sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: regular cleaning is once every half a month to one month, and once every 1-2 months in winter when there are no big waves, and the sea surface is stable after the huge waves After that, it must be checked and cleaned. 4. The sea cucumber culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the sinking range of the culture equipment reaches 2/3-3/4, the culture equipment is manually lifted up once, and the culture equipment is given a certain sinking degree again. Get a foothold. 5. Special breeding equipment for sea cucumber culture method on mud seabed, characterized by: it is a breeding box, the bottom of the box is a horizontal bottom, the height of the box is 1/11-1/5 of the circumference of the bottom of the box, and the bottom of the box is The fixed column is fixedly installed, and the sea cucumber attachment base is installed through the fixed column. The top of the box is an openable and separable upper cover. There are light-transmitting windows on the upper cover and side walls of the box. There are at least two water circulation filter ports on the wall, a filter screen is installed on the filter ports, an intake and exhaust hole is arranged on the upper cover, and intake and drainage holes are opened on both sides of the bottom plate, and a filter with a switch is installed in the intake and drainage holes. device, the hole diameter of the filter screen is 1-7mm. 6. The special culture equipment for sea cucumber cultivation method in mud seabed according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sea cucumber attachment base is a young ginseng attachment base, which is a central fixed column equipped with a fixed plate with a penetrating net in the frame, and the frame of the fixed plate There are vertical slots at a certain distance on the top, the edge of the attached mesh is plugged into the vertical slot on the frame of the fixed plate, the connecting rods are connected between the four fixed columns, and the attached mesh is fixedly installed on the connecting rod. The square meshes are arranged in a line on both sides of the fixed plate, and the diameter of the hole attached to the mesh or through the mesh is 1-7mm. 7. The special breeding equipment for sea cucumber cultivation method in mud seabed according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sea cucumber attachment base is a sea cucumber cultivation attachment base, the trapezoidal transparent net in the frame is fixed in the middle of the four sides of the frame, and the transparent net is fixed on the isosceles The connection is equipped with L-shaped plates, and there is a certain gap between the L-shaped plates. The height of the L-shaped plates increases sequentially from the frame to the center, forming an inclined plane. The diameter of the hole through the mesh is 1-7mm. 8. The special culture equipment for sea cucumber cultivation method in mud seabed according to claim 5, characterized in that: there is a concealed double safety button between the box body and the upper cover, and the box body is provided with a rope ring connected with a lifting rope. 9. The special cultivation equipment for sea cucumber cultivation method in muddy seabed according to claim 5, characterized in that: the light-transmitting window is a plexiglass or a high-strength glass light-transmitting window with a light-transmitting net at the bottom.

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