CN101287670A - ISG type multifunctional electronic urgent safety clamp - Google Patents
ISG type multifunctional electronic urgent safety clamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN101287670A CN101287670A CNA2006800213444A CN200680021344A CN101287670A CN 101287670 A CN101287670 A CN 101287670A CN A2006800213444 A CNA2006800213444 A CN A2006800213444A CN 200680021344 A CN200680021344 A CN 200680021344A CN 101287670 A CN101287670 A CN 101287670A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an elevator comprising an elevator car that is guided inside an elevator shaft on guide rails. Said elevator also comprises electronics for inter alia travel control or regulation and an emergency braking device for preventing excess speed of the elevator car. Said emergency braking device has a braking device and a detector unit (11) the signal of which actuates the braking device when the elevator car reaches an excess speed. The detector unit (9, 11) comprises at least two wheels (8) that rest against a guide rail (2), each driving a respective detector (11) the signal of which is a measure for the rotational angle or rotational speed of the corresponding wheel. The electronics are adapted to functionally utilize the detector signal.; For this purpose, at least one detector signal is used during operation of the elevator within the admissible speed range for determining at least travel, speed and/or acceleration variable of the elevator car influencing the operation of the elevator system. The electronics actuate the braking device as soon as at least one of the detectors (11), by way of its detector signal, indicates an excess speed of the elevator car outside the admissible speed range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to emergency braking apparatus preamble, that be used for lift car or cage (following general name lift car) according to claim 1.
Background technology
Elevator is equipped with brake equipment or safety tongs or compound type safety tongs brake equipment; it is (so-called hypervelocity) when speed is too high; for example controller et out of order, actuating device or brake equipment lost efficacy or the situation of trailing cable fracture under occur high speed the time, be used for stopping or at allowable limit value scope inside brake lift car by the friction piece that acts on guide rail.At this; brake equipment generally is understood that such device; it prevents the hypervelocity of lift car on up direction, and its way is lift car is stopped or can to stop counterweight at the end of run by the energy disperser as prescribed, and one will finish the abnormal operation of elevator thus.Different therewith, following such device is commonly called safety tongs, and it prevents the hypervelocity on down direction, in case triggering just stops lift car, in of short duration stroke lift car is fixed on the guide rail in other words simultaneously.For simplify considering, such brake equipment, safety tongs and be collectively referred to as brake equipment below the bidirectional safety tongs brake equipment.
In addition, elevator be equipped with mostly with above-mentioned meaning on the irrelevant drive side drg of brake equipment, if the actuating device electric current is cut off, this drg always starts (this generally is called as safety return circuit).
In known device, the startup of brake equipment is realized by the velocity limiter that is fixedly mounted in hoistway or the machine room.It is forced to rotate when elevator cab movement.For this reason, be provided with the speed limit rope that itself goes in ring, it one in velocity limiter (usually at the hoistway vertex) and other end locate revolution at idler roller (usually in the hoistway nadir).The speed limit rope is connected with the brake equipment or the safety tongs of lift car on certain position, so it will be driven by the motion of lift car.When excessively high speed occurring, velocity limiter pins the speed limit rope, triggers brake equipment or safety tongs thus, thereby stops lift car.
The advantage of such structure is that it is mechanically worked merely, thereby can not be subjected to the influence of power failure.But, it has many shortcomings, and one of them is exactly to be out of order easily, exactly because this it mechanically work merely, and at least tangible wearing and tearing are arranged when long-play.For this reason, the triggering speed by the decision of the inertia of such structure obviously depends on acceleration/accel, if under very low speed, very high acceleration/accel occurs, it will be triggered.If this structure is very seriously dirty, its triggering will be too late (promptly only surpass in speed and just trigger when a lot).Another shortcoming is that constructions cost is higher relatively.Cast aside real brake equipment and do not talk, the rope that goes in ring in whole hoistway is essential, and it must be directed at two up and down, and must be tensioned.
Another shortcoming is that this mechanical conceptual was at first only made a response originally when surpassing unique predetermined speed, if therefore there is not special measure, just can't be the different the highest permission speed of lift car of different piece regulation of hoistway.Concerning current express elevator, this is normally not enough.Because such elevator is with the speed operation of 10 meter per seconds, so must arrive final floor (the last or following) elevator of in time stopping before.If lift car is positioned at second floor (im erstenStock) at down direction, then the speed of 5 meter per seconds is also too high, thereby should trigger emergency braking.
At last, known mechanical solution also is disadvantageous with regard to its rope need take up an area of along whole hoistway.It is unfavorable that this particularly is built up in the elevator car structure of corner to car door, and unfavorable to the panorama elevator of large tracts of land installing glass.The overspeed governor that extends along whole hoistway has also hindered the development tendency that dwindles well head and well.
In order there to be the ground of differentiation to trigger emergency braking, electronic solution is more suitable.Also the someone has proposed corresponding scheme.U.S. Pat 5020640 of the same type discloses a kind of brake device for elevator, and here, the drive wheel that the speed of lift car is reeled on it by trailing cable is measured.
In this known devices, there is following problem, when rope ruptures, this failure of apparatus.Another shortcoming is that (at least) need lay an additional cable from the lift car to the machine room, be used for the drive wheel rotating speed is transferred to lift car.At last, a simple drive wheel that moves together on trailing cable neither be fully no problem, and difficulty just is will make at any time drive wheel to contact trailing cable reliably and moves.In addition, the drive wheel that moves with trailing cable just is suitable for shouldering the such special duty of accuracy control elevator car position with required precision conditionally when the elevator long-time running.Because As time goes on certain prolongation may appear in trailing cable, especially may occur more and more skidding at trailing cable with between as time passes by the drive wheel of its driving.
US5366045 discloses a kind of stand operating control, and wherein hold-down arm liftably remains on the roofbolt, and is provided with the brake equipment that the speed at hold-down arm is made response when too high.In addition, be provided with and revolution counter bonded assembly wheel, this is taken turns and is attached on the roofbolt.Described revolution counter is connected with the mechanism that is used to discern excessively high speed, and this mechanism is used to start brake equipment.This scheme can't be used for elevator in safe enough ground.Grease might touch wheel, so wheel can skid on roofbolt, tells also when rope ruptures that thus revolution counter does not have excessively high speed.Therefore, the additional identification of other tasks such as Accurate Position Control also has appreciiable problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome these shortcomings, a kind of emergency braking apparatus that part is mentioned that begins is provided, this emergency braking apparatus has guaranteed the lift car high speed that reliable discovery perhaps occurs, even and if in service in normal elevator, this emergency braking apparatus also can be used for control or adjust lift car with degree of precision.
According to the present invention, the characteristic feature by claim 1 in the emergency braking apparatus of the above-mentioned type realizes this purpose.The measure of passing through to be proposed has guaranteed, also can grasp the speed of lift car on the one hand when rope ruptures, because the detection of speed and trailing cable are irrelevant.But main by arranging two wheels, wherein these two wheels and are attached on preferably unique guide rail respectively separately or anti-the wheel with separately another rotationally drives detector relatedly, obtained following advantage, that is, obtained redundancy, this is because the speed of two wheels can compare mutually.When having only a wheel report excessively high speed, emergency braking triggers.
Another advantage of the described measure of claim 1 is, normal operation for elevator, promptly when elevator car speed is moved in the highest permission car speed, do not need high fringe cost that the precise information of instantaneous position, speed and/or acceleration/accel about lift car just can be provided.
The measure of proscribed rights requirement 2 is suitable.In this way, can simply find fault, described fault be by wheel bearing or wheel wearing and tearing, detector failures, tensioning spring lost efficacy or the negative influence of friction condition causes.
The measure that proposes according to claim 3 allows whether normal operation of sensitiveer monitoring wheel and detector thereof.It is desirable to, store the detector signal that each is taken turns regularly, thereby each is taken turns the curve that obtains a cardinal principle appropriateness.Be such curve, it has described in the run duration so far of equipment or the variation of the correlation detector signal in the part time for whole physical device.This curve not only provides the failure-free trend report, for example wheel become big wearing and tearing, overall diameter gradually and therefore reduce gradually, take turns/bearing is dirty gradually, and can determine accident reliably, can't reliably rub because the guide rail lubricating oil after the maintenance is too much as wheel.In addition, this curve also allows the unusual measuring point in basic estimation or the definite detector signal.
The described favorable characteristics of claim 4 is used for, and when taking place not to be the fault of hypervelocity, can finish the elevator operation by normal regulation, and the lift car that can controllably stop.
The described extension spring of claim 5, and especially act on the helical spring use that tension force is arranged, refuted the view that is applicable to relief spring usually.Because relief spring is a stage clip according to the science regulation.But it is favourable adopting extension spring here, because the fracture of energy reliable recognition spring.If stage clip, coil can hook together mutually in the breaking-down point zone or support mutually.Thereby still can keep certain spring force.In other words, can't under rough sledding, find spring breakage rapidly.Then different when adopting extension spring.If unique extension spring has been ruptured (stressed maximum point, lifting hole(eyelet)), this extension spring is at once ineffective fully, and this can be found when redundancy adopts two wheels at once, and this is because one is taken turns moment and loses friction, thereby loses the signal by its generation.The emergency braking electronics package is found this unusual, takes corresponding measure.
The arrangement structure of mutual relative arrangement structures that claim 6 proposed, favourable, aforementioned two wheels and relative guide rail has improved safety in operation or has detected safety.Because act on situation (or two of same guide rail mutually away from the position) difference of two different guide rails with two wheels, occurring may be with the passing through elevator cab movement under vibrations, tolerance, elastic deformation, swing or the distortion condition and laterally affact the cage operation direction of any form the time, got rid of in aforesaid arrangement structure, all wheels and the wipe contact of guide rail can be subjected to the possibility of negative influence simultaneously.
The measure that claim 7 proposed is favourable to the redundant system that is made of two wheels just.This is because it can determine simple and reliablely equally that a wheel system lost efficacy, thereby loses redundancy.Also can know at once and see fault.
The size of wheel that claim 8 proposed has guaranteed wheel and the reliable wipe contact of guide rail.This is particularly useful for such elevator, i.e. lift car its guide rail slip relatively.Because prove surprisingly, when adopting slide-and-guide, if lubricant layer is enough thin, then aforementioned two wheels can penetrate the lubricant layer that is positioned on the guide rail, and predetermincd tension will wheel load to the guide rail, corresponding selection is set in unpractical high numerical value.According to being used to wheel or tire leather material type, the rolling side face of wheel can be taked knife-edge, and here, the wheel on the rolling side face is wide preferably can be contracted to 1.5 millimeters to 4 millimeters, and increases progressively towards wheel hub.
That claim 10 proposed, the emergency braking electronics package, preferably be and be fixed on self-powered device on the car, the storage battery form, prevented worst case.This be because, if because a variety of causes is fixed on elevator electronics package on the hoistway or the power supply and the signal contact of control setup temporarily breaks down, emergency braking electronics package endure this moment, and this emergency braking electronics package can be operated by the electromechanical actuator (relay etc.) under it.
Arrange that according to claim 18 two wheels meet goal of the invention.By with armed levers such as spring pretension that also can be more weak, two wheels have obtained sizable thrust.This depends on following condition, and aforementioned clear distance of taking turns may be only bigger than guide rail head width, and spring and the suitably center of turn between two wheels that waits armed lever keep than distance greatly.Thus one, because the cause of moment balance, the quite high thrust that wheel is pressed on the guide rail has appearred.Another remarkable advantage of this arrangement structure is that two wheels are crushed on the guide rail with identical thrust reliably.With regard in conjunction with a plurality of transient speeds of taking turns that drive by rail friction relatively take function control, says definitely especially also at wheel more or less flexibly to be surrounded by when taking turns periderm that this may be significant.
Feature by claim 19 obtains following advantage, has in fact eliminated and has skidded, and this is because if having only one to skid in the wheel that links to each other by axle, be enough to another place that wheel is rolled, another wheel drive aforementioned axis at friction force so.Like this, these one of are taken turns and still may skid, but do not have influence on the mensuration elevator car speed.
Feature by claim 20 obtains following advantage, connects two and is positioned at the different axles that wait the wheel on the armed lever, can start brake equipment under by the situation of managing corresponding control operation mechanism.In other words, this is a kind of servo auxiliary mechanism, and it draws energy from roll.At this moment, operating mechanism can be made of screw actuator, and screw actuator promptly is de-energized under the situation of lift car high-speed cruising under the situation that brake equipment triggers, thereby spring forces friction wheel to enter such position, on this position, friction wheel contacts with the coaxial anti-friction wheel that is rotatedly connected.Support whole friction wheel by off-centre, the clamping of two friction wheels occurred, thus one, U section bar and axle coupling, and driven by axle.So, the rotation of pipe and the startup of brake equipment have appearred.But, the shortcoming of this solution is that the length of axle and pipe must be matched with the width of lift car (guide rail distance in other words).If overcome this shortcoming, then can take the feature of claim 13.Here, can be provided with independent, act on the brake equipment of guide rail separately, its operating mechanism of being controlled jointly by itself is controlled.
Description of drawings
The present invention program's other performance and advantage will be seen from accompanying drawing, and each embodiment of the present invention program is described now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 a summarizes expression system basic structure from the flow of information angle;
Fig. 1 b summarizes expression system basic structure and the location of each system unit on lift car;
Fig. 2 represents first embodiment (do not have brake equipment, lift drive unit and be fixed on elevator electronics package on the hoistway) of system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents that wheel supports and the relative pre-tensioned details of guide rail;
Fig. 4 a represents the wheel-detector cell of a replacement of system shown in Figure 2 to wait axonometric drawing;
Wheel-detector cell shown in Fig. 4 b exploded representation Fig. 4 a, that replace;
Wheel-the detector cell of the replacement under the assembled state shown in Fig. 4 c presentation graphs 4b, it and guide rail mutual action;
Fig. 4 d is with the wheel-detector cell of the replacement shown in the birds-eye view presentation graphs 4a;
Fig. 5 represents the redundancy structure of emergency braking electronics package and affiliated actuator thereof;
Fig. 6 schematically illustrates the detector of Fig. 1 and the operation of braking means mechanism of servo work with axonometric projection graph;
The cross section of the synchronizer gear of Fig. 7 presentation graphs 6;
Fig. 8 schematically illustrates the trigger mechanism of brake equipment;
Fig. 9 schematically illustrates another embodiment of the trigger mechanism of brake equipment.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 at first represents system's basic structure.Be installed in (follow mobile in other words) on the car at least one in this unit that is referred to as velometer, comprise two wheels 9 and detector 11 that becomes the coder form at this and affiliated support.An emergency braking electronics package 13 that is referred to herein as " signal processor " also is fixedly mounted on the car, it is occurring sending emergency brake signal under hypervelocity or unallowed acceleration/accel or the uncontrollable elevator running condition, the trigger element of the required power of generation startup brake equipment or safety tongs also is housed on car, and the brake equipment or the safety tongs that also are collectively referred to as brake equipment.The conventional lift electronic machine that is called as elevator control gear in Fig. 1 is installed in (in other words in hoistway or in the affiliated driving machine room) in the hoistway.Elevator control gear preferably has emergency braking electronics package 13, and it is by hanger rope or wirelessly receive the signal that is produced by velometer.In another variant embodiment, it can directly be connected with velometer under the situation of avoiding emergency braking electronics package 13.By the elevator electronics package, the function of determining that can remote control emergency braking electronics package wherein especially comprises the startup and the releasing of brake equipment.In this way, lift car can clearly be stopped, and (using under the situation that is risen the brake equipment that also is in vent position thus with regard to dynamo-electric for a long time that triggers again by deadweight or lift car) again also can move.This for example is associated with guaranteeing protective zone, also will describe later on.
The characteristics of this system are, have many measures to produce redundancy or improve safe in operation, definitely say, and not only with regard to the clean boot in the accident, and with regard to the non-startup of the safety in the failure free operation.These measures to make this system and substitute products thereof be applicable at present simple mechanically or the emergency braking apparatus of as far as possible mechanically working be very important.
By the assembly (velometer) of taking turns and affiliated detector constitutes
The structure of the velometer unit among Fig. 2 can be seen from Fig. 2-Fig. 5.At this moment, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 represent first embodiment of velometer unit, and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 represent its second embodiment.
As shown in Figure 2, guide rail 2 has by web 6 and rail foot 7 rail heads that link to each other 8.
Can see in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in first embodiment, on two sides of rail head 8, paste and taking turns 9 that wheel preferably is equipped with at this unshowned enhancing friction coatings or wheel periderm.Can expect so unshowned arrangement situation of taking turns, have only a wheel pasting the rail head side, another is taken turns and is attached on 90 rail top face that stagger of degree, but has not had the described attendant advantages of background technology.The deflector roll that wheel 9 is independent of lift car, deflector roll is unsuitable for function in this regulation because of its suffered load.In first embodiment, wheel remains on rotationally and waits in the armed lever 10 (especially referring to Fig. 3), resists to be connected with a corresponding detector 11 rotationally.Can remain on rotationally between two wheels 9 around axis 14 Deng armed lever 10, be subjected to the application force of stage clip.Spring 15 is supported on the unshowned bearing, armed lever 10 such as is used to make rotate, and simultaneously wheel 9 is pressed on two sides 16 of rail head 8.
In addition, detector 11 shown in Figure 2 is connected with the elevator electronics package that is fixed in the hoistway, thereby provides by the elevator electronics package with the detector signal of various forms utilization (referring to Fig. 1 a) for the elevator electronics package that is fixed in the hoistway.
The interior regulation of the unshowned herein but preferred first embodiment improvement project scope waits armed lever 10 to be different from the armed lever that waits of employing relief spring, and it is not compacted by stage clip, but is tensioned by unique extension spring.If unique extension spring fracture (at stressed maximum point, lifting hole(eyelet)), then wheel loses its constant regulation wipe contact to guide rail at once.Deng the armed lever unsteadiness that will begin in a minute.Detector is in providing corresponding abnormal signal.The identification of emergency braking electronics package is this unusual.
Second embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a-Fig. 4 c provides a kind of and has seen scheme to the spring failure better off from redundant angle.The difference of second embodiment and first embodiment only is to take turns 9 support and pre-tensioning mode.Promptly with regard to the unshowned member of Fig. 4 a-Fig. 4 c, second embodiment is corresponding to above-mentioned first embodiment in others.
In a second embodiment, wheel is not to be supported on common waiting on the armed lever.But each is taken turns 9 and is supported on the guide rod 10L of oneself.Two guide rod 10L float again and are supported on the bearing 53, and it is so definitely to say so, in guide rod and wheel 9 each the comfortable plane by its rotational support.Each guide rod 10L is equipped with extension 50, and it protrudes in outside the wheel 9.Respectively have an extension spring 15z to act on the extension 50, extension spring to the guide rail surface pretension, thereby is depressed into guide rod 10L on the cooresponding guide rail surface with the wheel 9 that is supported.The extension 50 of each guide rod causes the cantilever effect, even therefore adopt more weak spring 15z here, also is enough to obtain high thrust for relevant wheel 9.
The together support axle 51 of guide rod 10L arranges that so that guide rod of extension spring fracture 15z leaves the position that it has occupied at the gravity effect lower swing under present spring tension influence.Thus one, relevant wheel 9 is recessed out its cooresponding guide rail surface and is gone forward side by side into static state, and another is taken turns 9 and works on.In this way, with the spring breakage of determining to occur at once, but detector always can keep works fine.Consider to be also noted that each guide rod 10L has corresponding backstop 52 that it defines the guide rod rotational angle for integraty.Referring to Fig. 4 b.In this way, backstop 52 prevents that opposite side that relevant guide rod is swung down to wheel 9 always from finally contacting guide rail again and driven by accident thus.
The redundancy of system/monitoring certainly
The wheel 9 of emergency braking electronics package 13, detector 11 and affiliated circuit are as described below to be constituted with redundant or monitoring form certainly.
Also exist at detector 11 redundant because each takes turns 9 corresponding to oneself a detector 11.
Can see in conjunction with Fig. 1 b, emergency braking electronics package 13 circuit very important to the analysis of detector signal or code device signal are fully redundances, in other words, here be this conception of species, use independently two analyzing and processing electronics packages of working side by side of external equipment tracking.Because each detector 11 in emergency braking electronics package 13 is corresponding to oneself analytical electron device uC1 or uC2.If one of two analytical electron devices confirmed one unallowed but also be lower than the speed of hypervelocity, its electric current of drives interrupts device at once then, the elevator of stopping in this way is so that intervene to come trouble-shooting by the external world.
If the speed discrepancy of two detectors reaches specified value, then only just outage after arriving the stop position that stops the ladder position recently of actuating device.Therefore, not only electrical motor performance brake action, and the drg of actuating device side has also added, because it will no longer be maintained on the vent position with electromagnetic mode.If just one of two analytical electron devices have determined really to occur hypervelocity, then it is also to the circuit that is called as triple coil (Tripcoils) work (no matter another analytical electron device what was being done at that time), start the brake equipment of oneself, this brake equipment forces car to be parked on the guide rail.
Be also noted that the emergency braking electronics package is furnished with the storage battery (not shown), be used in case of emergency self-powered.
For identified emergency braking electronics package in-to-in fault, each switch member is periodically sent and is detected pulse (promptly for example analog detector signal, itself must cause certain action).Response signal is returned to aforementioned relevant electronics package by monitoring means, thus can be by comparing arbitration functions with the response signal of just often expecting in function.
Identification actuator and especially electromagnet or relay et out of order, its way are to send periodic short break pulse for inspection to relevant actuator.This will identify ground connection and short circuit.
If in inspection of periodicity electronics package or actuator inspection, find fault (supposition), then read in supposition signal in bad order at least for the second time.If make a definite diagnosis, then when next time, plan stopped ladder, disconnect vital circuit, so lift car stops.
The multi-functional utilization of at least one detection signal
In service in normal elevator, the elevator electronics package that is fixed in the hoistway at first utilizes by emergency braking electronics package 13 handle or still untreated detector signals, be in order accurately to determine the position of instantaneous lift car, promptly finally to duplicate hoistway wholly or in part on the one hand.
Picture here, if the sample information about the permanent of lift car instantaneous position or pipe nipple bat is provided, then lift car can be moored to the corresponding terraced position of stopping quickly and accurately, promptly so locatees, the floor level of lift car is concordant just with floor ground, has promptly avoided landing not concordant.
The accurate information of lift car instantaneous position also is considered for improving the safety of turnover elevator, prevents from promptly that lift car is accidental to stop terraced position and shy away from original.When the drg on the actuating device did not have normal operation and lift car not to be fixed on thus to stop on the terraced position, it was generation under the gravitational difference influence of car and counterweight that so more or less fast speed slips ladder.In case found the elevator one section unallowed distance of shying away in conjunction with detector signal, then in an illustrated embodiment, brake equipment is activated, and ends lift car thus and slips away.In another embodiment that does not describe with figure, on lift car, be provided with at least one additional electrodynamic type brake clamp with ordinary construction, its effect is unlike the brake equipment on the above-mentioned meaning, but additional driving drg is used for when lift car rests on terraced position fixedly lift car.
Just as in this embodiment, as long as regulation is opened the door earlier, then detector signal also is used to very accurately definite suitable moment that can when begin advance door opening simultaneously, because lift car just stops before opening the door just, thereby can have no jeopardously to begin advance door opening.
In this embodiment, detector signal also is used to, and guarantees the necessary protection space in maintenance.In case the elevator electronics package obtains the following signal to hoistway of maintainer (for example because one of hoistway door locking device sends signal, hoistway door will not stop being opened to the moment that stops terraced position before relevant hoistway door is opened at lift car), then it monitors car position and prevents that car from sailing into or slide into the affected position of protective zone because of carelessness.In order to protect protective zone in advance; lift car will be fixed on such position by on purpose triggering brake equipment; promptly can realize final protective zone protection in this position, its way is that car or counterweight are fixed in the form fit mode by pillar, lock pin etc.
Stopped or blocked and needed under the situation of emergency evacuation at car, detector signal allows fast and accurate car location, this has simplified the emergency evacuation in the high-rise, especially rescue personnel's (may also carry heavy apparatus) is only given in the emergency evacuation of catching fire passenger's the position that the very short time arrived locking as possible this moment.
In the hoisting capacity scope of examination of traction elevator, also can utilize detector signal.Because also can need not enter hoistway or estimate that crucial elevator components ground is very accurate determines that it is up whether trailing cable spurs lift car, as long as counterweight is parked on the energy disperser of compression by detector signal.In addition, in the acceptance of lift scope, also can find whether elevator observes lift in conjunction with detector signal.
At last, also can be by the detector signal function or the effect of check stop device very simply.The tested for this reason triggering of brake equipment.In conjunction with detector signal, can determine whether and how brake equipment works effectively or how long lift car stops after the distance.
Not shown here but also can stipulate in the foregoing description scope, the control of detector signal or calibration are undertaken by at least one Fiducial marks that is placed in the hoistway.Whenever lift car when (as being the scanning or the form of no touch operation type contact), produces an additional position signal through Fiducial marks.This signal is considered for control and/or periodic calibration detector signal, promptly with at least one detector 11, the time goes up corresponding instantaneous signal comparison.
Second aspect, electronics package also are used for detector signal to determine the momentary velocity of lift car, so that systematicness control or adjustment elevator car speed.
So realization also keeps the different velocity amplitude with travelling highly different, promptly in such ride-height district, it is enough far away from the highest and minimum final position of lift car, allows high-speed cruising this moment.This especially is favourable in high-rise, if lift car is not having under the situation about suspending, moves to the terraced position of stopping a long way off.The running velocity that has been enhanced on this meaning meets such speed range standard, promptly in the zone, final position of lift car, for example when near minimum when stopping terraced position, do not allow such moving velocity, can be because under situation suddenly out of control, in this zone, can't guarantee to be placed in the ground energy disperser of hoistway again with the lift car of stopping of acceptable carryover effects still.On the contrary,, drive towards near energy disperser minimum and stop hoistway district before the terraced position, then also can dwindle buffer height (being the degree of energy disperser flexure deformation when bump) simultaneously if guarantee lift car only with the original speed that just reduces according to mode of the present invention.This is to stopping terraced position same meaning is arranged near the highest.
In order to realize different velocity amplitude with travelling highly different, detector signal is considered for being the different different limits of hoistway district regulation simultaneously, the value of overstepping the extreme limit just explanation existence does not allow high speed or unallowed hypervelocity, thereby must start from turn-offing a series of brake measures of actuating device to the elevator of stopping.In the ideal case, also in the present embodiment, emergency braking electronics package 13 is stipulated instantaneous pole limit value (promptly according to car position) automatically according to detector signal, and this limit is notified to the elevator electronics package that is fixed on the hoistway, thereby has guaranteed synchronism.At uplink and downlink, can stipulate not allow accordingly separately at a high speed or the different poles limit value of hypervelocity.
At last, detector signal is considered for progressively in response to unexpected speed.This so does, and reaching soon under the high-revolving situation of hypervelocity, will trigger brake equipment, at first disconnect the electric current of actuating device, make drg work thus, and it brakes lift car with the electrical motor that has cut off the power supply usually corresponding to this actuating device, thus basic out of reach hypervelocity.Have only when doing like this and do not have when help,, then trigger brake equipment in case detector signal expression has now reached hypervelocity.
The third aspect, electronics package also are used for detector signal determining the instantaneous acceleration of lift car.In this way, can discern show as super acceleration/accel (
) failure condition, thereby before reaching hypervelocity, much just can take counter-measure in advance.
Regulation at last guarantees that emergency braking function only is considered for several in the above-mentioned purpose outward if detector signal is removed, and this does not exceed scope of the present invention certainly.
The optional servo support that brake equipment triggers
In the embodiment of Fig. 6, respectively pasting two wheels 9 on each guide rail in two guide rails 2, they remain on etc. in the armed lever 10.In addition, be attached on the different guide rails 2 each two wheels 9 and interconnect rotationally by axle separately 17,17 ' is anti-, this axle is separately by 11 encirclements of a detector.At this moment, detector 11 for example sends a pulse when axle 17 rotates each circle.In addition, axle 17 ' 18 is entangled by a pipe, and this pipe is divided into pipeline section 18 ', 18 ", two pipeline sections 18 ', 18 " interconnect by U section bar 19.At this moment, detector 11 is between two legs of U section bar 19.
Shown in Fig. 7 is concrete, between two legs of U section bar 19, friction wheel 22 anti-being placed in rotationally on the axle 17 ', it and another friction wheel 20 mating reactions, this friction wheel 20 can't move axially but remain on rotationally on the push rod 21 (perhaps, push rod 21 certainly rotates, so friction wheel 20 is fixedly mounted on the push rod 21).Push rod 21 passes two legs of U section bar 19 and remains in the screw actuator 23, and this screw actuator is connected (see figure 6) and controlled by it with device 13 by control path 24.In addition, spring 25 acts on push rod 21 (see Fig. 7, spring is the stage clip shape), and this spring is supported on the outside face of a leg of U section bar 19 and on the convex shoulder 26 of leg bar 21.On friction wheel 20, as shown in the figure, position corresponding to normal operation, screw actuator 23 is by excitation and overcome spring 25 power ground sticking friction wheel 20, does not make its contact friction wheel 22.Thus one, pipe 18 remains on its position.If but screw actuator 23 is gone excitation, for example owing to recognize the excessively high speed (perhaps when power failure fault and emergency service fault) of lift car, then spring 25 forces push rod 21 to move to right, and makes friction wheel 20 touch friction wheel 22 thus and driven by it to rotate.Because friction wheel 20 eccentric maintenances, so it is stuck friction wheel 20 to have occurred, this is because distance is to set according to the minimum spacing between friction wheel 20 outer peripheral faces and friction wheel 20 eccentrically weighted shafts between axle 17 ' and the push rod 21.As a result, U section bar 19 is driven, and then pipe 18 is rotated.Because pipe 18 or pipeline section 18 ', 18 " captive joint with lever 27 (see figure 3)s, and this lever is connected with the guide rod 28 that acts on unshowned brake equipment (acting on guide rail 2), so started the brake equipment and the lift car of stopping in the case.
In Fig. 8, schematically illustrated another embodiment of the trigger mechanism of brake equipment., be provided with an axle 30 here, it and annex 31 are rigidly connected, annex 31 and electromagnet 23 ' cooperating, and actuation spring 32 acts on this annex 31.On the at both ends, axle 30 is connected with lever 27, and this lever 27 links to each other with the guide rod 28 that acts on unshowned brake equipment.In case electromagnet is by excitation, axle 30 and lever 27 remain on such position, and promptly brake equipment is not activated at this moment and does not work.If electromagnet 23 ' is gone excitation, then actuation spring 32 orders about axle 30 and lever 27 rotations, starts the brake equipment and the lift car of stopping thus thereupon.In embodiment according to Fig. 9, can be around the toggle link 41 of axis 42 swing wherein be fixed with annex 31 on the leg 40, this annex and electromagnet 23 ' mating reaction, and an actuation spring 32 acts on this annex.At this moment, electromagnet 23 ' and actuation spring 32 with from the normalized distance of axle from acting on annex 31.So, if electromagnet 23 ' is gone excitation, the corresponding rotation of toggle link just occurs, second leg 43 of toggle link 41 starts unshowned brake equipment.In addition, in the embodiment according to Fig. 6, toggle link 41 is arranged in the zone of each guide rail 2, and here, two electromagnets 23 ' are controlled jointly.
Be noted that at last the present invention can certainly be used to such elevator device, promptly a plurality of lift cars move in a hoistway according to above-mentioned meaning, and this does not exceed the present invention.
Claims (21)
1, a kind of have a lift car, the elevator of electronics package and emergency braking apparatus, this lift car moves along guide rail (2) in hoistway, this electronics package is particularly useful for ride control or travels adjustment, this emergency braking apparatus is used to prevent the lift car hypervelocity, wherein this emergency braking apparatus comprises brake equipment and detector (9,11), detector signal starts this brake equipment when the lift car hypervelocity occurring, it is characterized in that, detector (9,11) comprise at least two wheels (9), they are attached on the guide rail (2), and each takes turns each self-driven detector (11), detector signal is the rotational angle of associated wheel or the detected value of rotating speed, this electronics package so designs, it is the analyzing and processing detector signal in the following manner multi-functionally, when at least one detector signal moves in the permissible velocity scope at elevator, be applied to determining that at least one influence lift car continuation operational process, the stroke value of lift car, velocity amplitude and/or accekeration, in case and one of them detector (11) exceeds permission speed range ground hypervelocity with its detector signal report lift car, this electronics package startup brake equipment.
2, elevator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with the mechanism that monitors detector functions, and its way is, preferably the detector signal as each detector of coder operation compares mutually, judges whether its difference is not allowing in the yardstick.
3, elevator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that be provided with such mechanism, this mechanism is used for storing at least at certain intervals detector signal, and detector signal that will be subsequently and the detector signal of being stored are relatively, to obtain the actual state or the real work mode of wheel.
4, elevator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, be provided with such mechanism, it is used for when unallowed deviation appears in definite detector signal or unallowed detector signal absolute value occurs, when next one plan stopped ladder, that finishes to have begun travelled.
5, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the described wheel (9) preferably, each is taken turns by the preferably extension spring of form of springs (15z) in the shape of a spiral, is forced in the wipe contact mode on the corresponding surface of associated guide tracks.
6, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, two wheels (9,9) so be attached on unique guide rail, promptly a wheel is attached to rail head (8) one side rolls, another is taken turns preferably and keeps identical rolling to heavens with the first round on rail head (18) opposite side, thereby a wheel that causes by vibration, elastic deformation, tolerance etc. to this take turns on the unloading on the surface of rolling, cause another take turns (9) to this take turns on the reinforcement on the surface of rolling exert pressure, the result has got rid of two wheels (9,9) discharged situation simultaneously.
7, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, it is supported by a respective guide rod (10L) that each takes turns (9), when the spring (15z) of the guide rail surface (18) under wheel being pressed onto it with the wipe contact form lost efficacy, this is taken turns under retracing spring or preferred effect at gravity, be swung away from the guide rail surface of taking turns corresponding to this, and the wipe contact of forfeiture and described guide rail.
8, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, each width of taking turns on the pivot center direction of wheel is little, promptly this width is less than 30% (seeing transverse to the lift car travel direction) of guiding mechanism width, it is desirable to less than 20% of guiding mechanism width, described guiding mechanism guides lift car on the relevant surfaces of guide rail.
9, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, each detector (11) in the described emergency braking electronics package (13) have oneself, with corresponding to the irrelevant analyzing and processing electronics package of the electronics package of another detector and under actuator, thereby when irrespectively determining to have unallowed motoring condition with remaining electronics package and actuator thereof, can start this brake equipment at least, preferably irrespectively start described brake equipment with vital circuit.
According to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that 10, described emergency braking electronics package (13) is equipped with autonomous electric supply installation, preferably is the storage battery form.
11, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, at least on the position in hoistway, on lift car He in the hoistway, such mechanism is set, this mechanism produces corresponding signal on the exactly determined reference position of lift car, this signal and at least one detector signal or the position signal comparison of being derived by described detector signal are determined to operate so that regularly control and/or calibrate elevator car position.
According to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that 12, the lift car instantaneous position when described electronics package is applied at least one detector signal to determine the pool ladder is opened the door in advance so that accurately locate lift car and/or influence.
13, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that, described electronics package is applied to monitor elevator car position with at least one detector signal when elevator is carried out upkeep operation, so that guarantee predetermined protective zone, here, described electronics package is so design preferably, i.e. the maintenance of in a single day enough protective zones is on the hazard, and described electronics package just starts brake equipment/safety tongs.
According to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 13, it is characterized in that 14, described electronics package adopts at least one detector signal in the hoisting capacity scope of examination, be used for determining whether described lift car is up when counterweight is parked on the energy disperser.
15, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that, described electronics package as the parameter value of described lift car momentary velocity, is used at least one detector signal to come regulation different lift car moving velocity and/or maximum speed according to ride-height or from the difference of the far and near degree of well head or well.
According to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 15, it is characterized in that 16, described electronics package is applied to classification with at least one detector signal and triggers vital circuit, and triggers described brake equipment subsequently.
According to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 16, it is characterized in that 17, described electronics package as the parameter of described lift car instantaneous acceleration, and plays a role at least one detector signal when surpassing described high acceleration.
18, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 17, it is characterized in that, described two wheels (9) can be swung the waiting on the armed lever (10) of support in the supported on both sides of a guide rail (2) at one, wait armed lever (10) by one or preferred two springs (15) pretension.
19, elevator according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, on two mutual opposed guide rails (2), respectively near the wheel (9) that has two to be supported on etc. in the armed lever (10), per two wheels (9) that abut against on the different guide rails (2) interconnect by axle (17,17 ').
20, elevator according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, one of described two axles (17 ') is directed in a pipe (18), this pipe (18) is connected with described brake equipment, this pipe (18) is disconnected, two pipeline sections (18 ' of this pipe (18), 18 " end in opposite directions) is rotationally connected by U section bar (19) phase transreactance; push rod (21) is supported in the leg of U section bar (19); this push rod (21) bears spring (25) power; and the operating mechanism (screw actuator 23) that can be linked to each other with the device that is used to control described brake equipment (13) promotion, off-centre is supported on the described push rod (21); axially immovably maintained friction wheel (20) touches another friction wheel (22) that is placed on the described axle (17 '). with overcoming spring (25) power
21, according to each described elevator in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that, the brake equipment that is used for two guide rails passes through independently control mechanism Be Controlled, and the operating mechanism of described control mechanism (o 23 ') is controlled by the device that is used to control described brake equipment (13) jointly.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP2006003926 | 2006-07-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101287670A true CN101287670A (en) | 2008-10-15 |
| CN101287670B CN101287670B (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800213444A Expired - Fee Related CN101287670B (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Elevator with electronic urgent safety clamp |
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| CN (1) | CN101287670B (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101792089A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-08-04 | 上海能港电气工程科技有限公司 | Protection switching device for lost control of crane and related control method |
| CN102451949A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 成都焊研科技有限责任公司 | Narrow lap seam welder of extremely thin board |
| US8827044B2 (en) | 2009-03-16 | 2014-09-09 | Otis Elevator Company | Over-acceleration and over-speed detection and processing system |
| CN105636896A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-06-01 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Emergency safety actuator for an elevator |
| CN106185524A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-07 | 常熟理工学院 | Elevator prevents the safety guard of car accidental movement and hypervelocity |
| CN106276472A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-04 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Elevator speed detector and elevator |
| CN106672756A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州德林宝电梯制造有限公司 | Intelligent home elevator |
| CN108483176A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-04 | 王金凤 | Used during elevator falling protects self-locking device |
| CN109516331A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-26 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Sure brake system for elevator |
| US10494228B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2019-12-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Guiding devices for elevator systems having roller guides and motion sensors |
| CN112265897A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-26 | 陈航兵 | Mechanism for improving driving stability of driving shaft |
| CN112357718A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 山东奔速电梯股份有限公司 | Quick braking device of household elevator without pit |
| CN114057063A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Beam climbing device friction monitoring system |
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| US3814216A (en) * | 1973-05-01 | 1974-06-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Elevator speed sensor |
| US5020640A (en) * | 1988-09-10 | 1991-06-04 | Bongers & Deimann | Elevator brake |
| JPH04365771A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-17 | Toshiba Corp | Elevator |
| US5366045A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1994-11-22 | Eaton Corporation | Brake mechanism for a storage and retrieval vehicle |
| JP2516325B2 (en) * | 1994-02-18 | 1996-07-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Elevator |
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| US8827044B2 (en) | 2009-03-16 | 2014-09-09 | Otis Elevator Company | Over-acceleration and over-speed detection and processing system |
| CN102348625B (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2015-08-26 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Cross detection and treatment system of accelerating and overrun |
| CN101792089A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-08-04 | 上海能港电气工程科技有限公司 | Protection switching device for lost control of crane and related control method |
| CN102451949A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 成都焊研科技有限责任公司 | Narrow lap seam welder of extremely thin board |
| CN105636896A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-06-01 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Emergency safety actuator for an elevator |
| US10781075B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2020-09-22 | Otis Elevator Company | Emergency safety actuator for an elevator |
| CN105636896B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2019-10-18 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Emergency safety actuator for elevator |
| CN106276472B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2019-08-16 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Elevator speed detector and elevator |
| CN106276472A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-04 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Elevator speed detector and elevator |
| CN106185524A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-07 | 常熟理工学院 | Elevator prevents the safety guard of car accidental movement and hypervelocity |
| CN106185524B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-08-24 | 常熟理工学院 | Elevator prevents car accidental movement and the safety guard of hypervelocity |
| CN106672756A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-17 | 苏州德林宝电梯制造有限公司 | Intelligent home elevator |
| CN106672756B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2022-10-04 | 苏州德林宝电梯制造有限公司 | Intelligent household elevator |
| US10494228B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2019-12-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Guiding devices for elevator systems having roller guides and motion sensors |
| CN109516331A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-26 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Sure brake system for elevator |
| US11242220B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2022-02-08 | Otis Elevator Company | Safety braking systems for elevators |
| CN108483176A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-04 | 王金凤 | Used during elevator falling protects self-locking device |
| CN108483176B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-08-30 | 龙岩市企信工业设计有限公司 | Elevator fall protection self-locking device |
| CN114057063A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Beam climbing device friction monitoring system |
| CN114057063B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2023-08-22 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Friction monitoring system of climbing beam device |
| CN112265897A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-26 | 陈航兵 | Mechanism for improving driving stability of driving shaft |
| CN112357718A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 山东奔速电梯股份有限公司 | Quick braking device of household elevator without pit |
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