CN101281469A - Embedded type system and start-up load application method - Google Patents
Embedded type system and start-up load application method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an embedded type system and the startup loading method thereof. Two loading modules are used for backup for each other, thus improving the reliability of an embedded system. Specifically, the invention discloses an embedded type system, which comprises a guiding module, a first loading module and a second loading module, the guiding module is used for checking the first loading module, if normal, the first loading module is guided to startup; if damaged, the first loading module is restored by the first loading module. By the mutual backup of the two loading modules, the security of the system during upgrading process is fully guaranteed, even if one loading module is damaged during the upgrading process or damaged by other accidental reasons, the loading module can be restored from the other loading module, thus ensuring the normal use of the whole embedded system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of embedded system method, relate to a kind of method that is used for the start-up loading of embedded system more specifically.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of scientific and technological level, embedded system has obtained to use widely.Embedded system refers generally to non-PC system, computer function is arranged but is not referred to as the equipment or the equipment of computing machine.It is application-centered, and software and hardware can be reduced, and adapts to the dedicated computer system of application system to comprehensive strict demands such as function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumptions.Briefly, the application software of embedded system collecting system and hardware are similar to the working method of BIOS among the PC in one, have characteristics such as software code is little, increasingly automated, response speed is fast, are particularly suitable for requiring in real time and the system of multitask.Embedded system mainly is made up of flush bonding processor, relevant supporting hardware, embedded OS and application software system etc., and it is " device " that can work independently.
Because embedded system has that volume is little, performance is strong, low in energy consumption, reliability is high and towards the prominent feature of sector application, embedded technology has been widely used in every field such as consumer electronics, network service, Industry Control at present.All electric equipments in the life have almost been comprised, as palm PDA, mobile computing device, TV set-top box, surfing Internet with cell phone, Digital Television, multimedia, automobile, micro-wave oven, digital camera, domestic automation system, elevator, air-conditioning, security system, automatic vending machine, cellular phone, consumer-elcetronics devices, industrial automation instrument and Medical Instruments etc.Information household appliances have incorporated computer technology, the communication technology, semiconductor technology, data transmission and processing technology even sensor technology, become embedded system and use the most dazzling field, for example set-top-box system is exactly an embedded technology typical application the most in the information household appliances.
Embedded system is made up of hardware and software two parts, and the hardware components of embedded system comprises microprocessor, storer and external device and I/O port, graphics controller etc.Embedded system is different from general computer processing system, and it does not possess jumbo storage medium as hard disk, and uses EPROM, EEPROM or flash memory (Flash Memory) as storage medium mostly.
The software section of embedded system mainly comprises Boot loader, kernel and file system.Bootloader is that hardware system powers up the 1st section software code that is moved, but because the firmware the general not BIOS in PC in the embedded system, so the loading procedure of total system is all finished by Boot loader.System is powering on 1 or all begin to carry out from address 0x00000000 usually when resetting, and that arrange at this place, address is exactly the Boot loader of system usually.The main task of Boot loader comprises: the hardware that initialization is the most basic; Boot loader itself copied among the RAM move; Copy to kernel among the RAM and call kernel etc.Boot Loader is exactly one section small routine of operation before the operating system nucleus operation.By this section small routine, we can initiating hardware equipment, set up the mapping graph of memory headroom, thereby take the hardware environment of system to a proper state, so that be ready to correct environment for final call operation system kernel.
Most of Boot Loader comprise two kinds of different operator schemes: " start-up loading " pattern and " download " pattern, this difference are only just meaningful for the developer.But from final user's angle, the effect of BootLoader is exactly to be used for the load operation system, and does not have so-called start-up loading pattern and the difference of downloading mode of operation.
" autonomous " (Autonomous) pattern that start-up loading (Boot loading) pattern: this pattern is also referred to as.Be on Boot Loader certain solid storage device from target machine operating system to be loaded into the RAM to move, whole process does not have user's intervention yet.This pattern is the normal mode of operation of Boot Loader, and therefore the time marquis of embedded product issue, Boot Loader obviously must operate under this pattern.
Download (Downloading) pattern: under this pattern, the Boot Loader on the target machine will by serial ports connects or means of communication such as network connection from main frame (Host) file in download, such as: download that kernel is videoed and root file system reflection etc.Usually at first be saved in the RAM of target machine from the main frame downloaded files, and then write in the FLASH class solid storage device on the target machine by Boot Loader by Boot Loader.This pattern of Boot Loader is used when for the first time kernel and root file system being installed usually; In addition, later system update also can use this mode of operation of Boot Loader.The Boot Loader that works under this pattern can provide a simple command line interface to its terminal user usually.
Because general embedded system all has only a fixing Boot Loader module, and BootLoader plays a very important role in the process that embedded system starts, in case Boot Loader module is destroyed, system can not normally start.Some present embedded systems are for fear of this problem; Boot Loader is divided into two parts; a part is the most basic Boot module; a part is the Loader module that is used to upgrade; the Boot module itself is changeless; this part can not damaged; and the Loader module may can not meet the demands because of former function; need constantly upgrading or improvement and produce change; in case damage or newly downloaded Loader module have problem in the process of this module download and upgrade file; will cause system not upgrade; if problem can not solve as early as possible; the user can only use very basic application program, and this may cause this system can't continue to use.Therefore, this area needs a kind of safer reliable Boot Loader method.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides the method for a kind of embedded system and start-up loading thereof, use two load-on modules to backup each other, improved the reliability of embedded system.
Concrete, the invention provides a kind of embedded system, described embedded system comprises bootstrap module, first load-on module and second load-on module, and described bootstrap module is used for described first load-on module of verification, if first load-on module is normal, then guide first load-on module to start; If first load-on module damages, then first load-on module is recovered according to second load-on module.
Described second load-on module of described bootstrap module verification if second load-on module damages, then recovers second load-on module according to first load-on module.
Described bootstrap module uses CRC that first load-on module or second load-on module are carried out verification.
Described first load-on module comprises first loading procedure, and second load-on module comprises second loading procedure, if the version of first loading procedure and second loading procedure is inequality, the loading procedure that then bootstrap module is high with version covers the low loading procedure of version.
When if one of them load-on module includes ROMPaq, bootstrap module Bootstrap Loading module is carried out upgrading, upgrades upgrade information.
Further, the invention provides a kind of embedded system start-up loading method, described embedded system start-up loading method comprises:
Start boot;
Whether verification first load-on module is correct, if first load-on module is correct, then guides first load-on module to start; If first load-on module damages, then whether verification second load-on module is correct, if second load-on module is correct, copies the content of second load-on module to first load-on module, guides first load-on module to start;
If first load-on module needs upgrading, then first load-on module begins to carry out escalation process, upgrades upgrade information, restarting systems after upgrading is finished;
If first load-on module does not need upgrading, then begin to turn application program launching.
Described embedded system start-up loading method also comprises: application program is monitored upgrade information in real time, if application program has monitored upgrade information, a upgrading sign then is set, restarting systems.
Described embedded system start-up loading method also comprises: described first load-on module comprises first loading procedure, second load-on module comprises second loading procedure, if the version of first loading procedure and second loading procedure is inequality, then that version is high loading procedure covers the low loading procedure of version.
Described embedded system start-up loading method uses CRC that first load-on module or second load-on module are carried out verification.
Described embedded system start-up loading method also comprises: be not forced to interrupt if escalation process is finished, upgrade information do not finished in record, starts follow-up level of continuing rising next time.
Embedded system start-up loading method of the present invention is by the mutual backup between two load-on modules, fully guaranteed the safety of system in escalation process, even one of them load-on module is damaged in escalation process or because of the words of other accidental damages, also can from the backup of another one load-on module, recover, guarantee the normal use of whole embedded system.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the synoptic diagram of the embodiment that embedded system of the present invention starts.
Figure 2 shows that the synoptic diagram of the embodiment of embedded system start-up loading method of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, and above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Figure 1 shows that the synoptic diagram of the embodiment that embedded system of the present invention starts.As shown in the figure, the embedded system start-up loading module of present embodiment comprises bootstrap module 110, first load-on module 120 and second load-on module 130.Bootstrap module 110 is used for Bootstrap Commissioning Program and first load-on module 120 and second load-on module 130 is detected, for example judge by CRC check whether first load-on module 120 and second load-on module 130 be all normal, and select the program that loads according to testing result.First load-on module 120 and second load-on module 130 all comprise loading procedure, backup each other, load-on module is damaged or when other problems occurring therein, bootstrap module 110 is according to testing result, use intact load-on module that impaired load-on module is recovered, to guarantee the normal startup of system.When a load-on module included ROMPaq therein, bootstrap module 110 Bootstrap Loading modules were carried out escalation process, upgraded upgrade information.If the version of first load-on module 120 and second load-on module 130 is inconsistent, the low load-on module of covering version that bootstrap module 110 bootstrap versions are high, for example, if the version of first load-on module 120 is than the version height of second load-on module 130,110 contents with first load-on module 120 of bootstrap module copy second load-on module 130 to.
Because the embedded system start-up loading module of present embodiment has comprised two mutually redundant first load-on modules 120 and second load-on module 130, like this, in start-up course, even one of them load-on module goes wrong, also can not have influence on the startup of total system, avoid embedded system to damage the problem that can not start because of load-on module; In escalation process, even the program of one of them load-on module goes wrong, perhaps fail because of other reasons causes upgrading in escalation process, bootstrap module 110 can recover the load-on module that goes wrong timely, can not influence the ensuing upgrading of system.
Figure 2 shows that the synoptic diagram of the embodiment of embedded system start-up loading method of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the embedded system start-up loading method of present embodiment comprises step:
Step 210: after system's electrifying startup, at first start boot, the boot section comprises the normal the most basic program that starts of embedded system at least.
Step 220: whether verification first load-on module is correct, if first load-on module is correct, then changes step 230 over to; If first load-on module damages or other problems occurs, then change step 300 over to.The verification here can be used several different methods, and is relatively commonly used for to carry out verification by CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code.
Step 230: if first load-on module is correct, boot guides first load-on module to start.
Step 240: judge whether first load-on module upgrades, if upgrading then changes step 250 over to; If do not upgrade, then change step 400 over to.
Step 250: if first load-on module needs upgrading, then first load-on module begins to carry out escalation process.After upgrading is finished, change step 260 over to.
Step 260: upgrade upgrade information.After finishing, renewal changes step 220 over to, and whether successful to detect upgrading.
Step 300: if first load-on module damages or other problems occurs, boot then detects second load-on module, whether verification second load-on module is correct, if second load-on module is correct, change step 310 over to, if second load-on module damages or other problems occurs, then change step 400 over to.
Step 310: copy the content of second load-on module to first load-on module, be used to recover first load-on module.After finishing, copy changes step 230 over to.
Step 400: after the startup of first load-on module is finished,, then begin to turn application program launching if do not upgrade; If first load-on module and second load-on module all go wrong, boot also begins to carry out this step.
Step 410: after application program launching, application program is monitored upgrade information in real time.
Step 420: if application program does not monitor upgrade information, application program will continue to implement monitoring; If application program has monitored upgrade information, then change step 430 over to.
Step 430: if application program has monitored upgrade information, application program is provided with a upgrading sign, and system restart begins upgrading.
At last, if first load-on module has been upgraded successfully, then first load-on module after the upgrading is copied to second load-on module simultaneously, upgrade applications is then upgraded the load-on module upgrade information simultaneously.
Some embedded system platform such as St platform can not support different addresses to join the function that same load-on module is used redirect, present second load-on module is the backup fully of first load-on module, have only configuration address different if can realize the bin file of first load-on module and second load-on module, can be directly from second load-on module or the first load-on module redirect, first load-on module and second load-on module just can be realized mutual backup, as long as the upgrading of load-on module stream is done a stream, terminal receiver memory upgrade status can be guaranteed the safety of upgrading.
In addition, the embedded system start-up loading method of present embodiment all has the upgrade information record after each upgrading, do not cut off the power supply or forced interruption if escalation process is finished, and can write down and not finish upgrade information, and start next time can continue upgrading.
As can be seen, embedded system start-up loading method of the present invention is by the mutual backup between two load-on modules, fully guaranteed the safety of system in escalation process, even one of them load-on module is damaged in escalation process or because of the words of other accidental damages, also can from the backup of another one load-on module, recover, guarantee the normal use of whole embedded system.
Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention; the present invention also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and variation, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that those skilled in the art are made in essential scope of the present invention also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of embedded system, it is characterized in that: described embedded system comprises bootstrap module, first load-on module and second load-on module, described bootstrap module is used for described first load-on module of verification, if first load-on module is normal, then guides first load-on module to start; If first load-on module damages, then first load-on module is recovered according to second load-on module.
2, embedded system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described second load-on module of described bootstrap module verification, if second load-on module damages, then recover second load-on module according to first load-on module.
3, embedded system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described bootstrap module uses CRC that first load-on module or second load-on module are carried out verification.
4, embedded system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first load-on module comprises first loading procedure, second load-on module comprises second loading procedure, if the version of first loading procedure and second loading procedure is inequality, the loading procedure that then bootstrap module is high with version covers the low loading procedure of version.
5, embedded system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when including ROMPaq as if one of them load-on module, bootstrap module Bootstrap Loading module is carried out upgrading, upgrades upgrade information.
6, a kind of embedded system start-up loading method is characterized in that, described embedded system start-up loading method comprises:
Start boot;
Whether verification first load-on module is correct, if first load-on module is correct, then guides first load-on module to start; If first load-on module damages, then whether verification second load-on module is correct, if second load-on module is correct, copies the content of second load-on module to first load-on module, guides first load-on module to start;
If first load-on module needs upgrading, then first load-on module begins to carry out escalation process, upgrades upgrade information, restarting systems after upgrading is finished;
If first load-on module does not need upgrading, then begin to turn application program launching.
7, embedded system start-up loading method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described embedded system start-up loading method also comprises: application program is monitored upgrade information in real time, if application program has monitored upgrade information, a upgrading sign then is set, restarting systems.
8, embedded system start-up loading method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described embedded system start-up loading method also comprises: described first load-on module comprises first loading procedure, second load-on module comprises second loading procedure, if the version of first loading procedure and second loading procedure is inequality, then that version is high loading procedure covers the low loading procedure of version.
9, embedded system start-up loading method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: use CRC that first load-on module or second load-on module are carried out verification.
10, embedded system start-up loading method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described embedded system start-up loading method also comprises: be not forced to interrupt if escalation process is finished, upgrade information do not finished in record, starts follow-up level of continuing rising next time.
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