CN101279324B

CN101279324B - Pretreatment device for extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish

Info

Publication number: CN101279324B
Application number: CN 200810031389
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹邦文
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-05-23
Filing date: 2008-05-23
Publication date: 2011-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2028-05-23
Also published as: CN101279324A

Abstract

The invention relates to a pre-processing device for extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic garbage and belongs to the technical field of garbage processing. The pre-processing device consists of seven parts which are a comprehensive deodorization device and a first grade pressing separator (1), a second grade magnetic bolter impurity remover (2), a disintegrator (3), an acidolysis pool (4), an anaerobic solid inoculator (5) and an anaerobic liquid inoculator (6) that are connected in sequence. The pre-processing device of the invention comprehensively processes complex garbage in particular the insoluble and indissoluble organic substance by mechanical crushing and biochemical pre-processing technologies, can recycle all regenerative resources and produce the gaseous bioenergy.

Description

The pretreatment unit of extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish

Technical field

The present invention relates to the key device that a kind of organic solid, liquid refuse processing and gaseous bioenergy are produced; Be specifically related to a kind of pretreatment unit of extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish, belong to the technical field of garbage disposal.

Background technology

In recent years, the scale of China's city-building, industry, agricultural and aquaculture is all in swift and violent expansion, application of city life garbage and the development of sewage total amount are very fast, people's house refuse in China present light city just have an appointment 200,000,000 tons 1 year, and annual growth rate is about 5%～8%, but it is very low to administer utilization rate, and the ecology of rubbish reclaims has become a kind of new trend, the ecological absorption method of rubbish is compared with existing garbage loading embeading method, waste incineration method to have to take up an area of and is lacked, and environment is not produced characteristics such as pollution.The ecological recovery of rubbish mainly comprises the ragging operation, broken bag operation, Biological Pretreatment operation, sorting operation, fermentation procedure, secondary sorting operation, baking operation, selected operation, fertilizer operation again.Crude waste is earlier through the ragging operation, with wherein bamboo wood class packing case, rubber tyre is separated and with big part fragmentation; The rubbish that ragging is crossed carries out the broken bag processing, and the rubbish after the broken bag is carried out Biological Pretreatment, and the leakage water that Biological Pretreatment produced enters sewage disposal system, and the waste gas of generation enters exhaust treatment system; To carry out a sorting through the rubbish that Biological Pretreatment is crossed, utilize technical points such as wind-force, gravity, magnetic force, spring, shape, speed to select bamboo wood class, refuse battery, plastics, glass, lighter, metal, fabric etc. and reclaim, inorganic material such as brick and tile stone are used for the manufacturing of building material; To ferment again through the rubbish of sorting for the first time, the rubbish that fermented is again carried out the secondary sorting, sub-elect combustible and sandstone in the rubbish, tiny glass etc., the rubbish of secondary sorting is dried selected, composting.

But in fact, composition in the rubbish is very complicated, wherein with fowl poultry corpse and plant body, insoluble very many in the animals and plants with the indissoluble material, angle, bone, wood, fiber, film arranged, send out, hard and soft tough materials such as skin, muscle, they organically combine with muscle, and are indivisible, and moisture content is higher, generally more than 80～90%.So the ecological recovery technology of above-mentioned rubbish is insoluble to these to seem very difficult with processing insoluble organic matter.

The inventor is just studying intensively organic solid, liquid refuse processing and gaseous bioenergy preparation technique with great concentration always.Formal project verification " food chain " problem after the nineteen eighty-three National Science conference, formally promoted 25 years so far by the Ministry of Agriculture and Secretariat of the Central Committee rural policy research department called after " ecological agriculture " in 1985 in the whole nation, draw as drawing a conclusion according to the result that " food chain " studied for a long period of time: one, the most of food in every organic matter, all contain and earn a bare living, grow and move required energy; Two, by biochemical technology, animal and plant and organic matter all can produce biogas, that is to say that energy can be converted to the energy, and BOD and COD can be exchanged into biogas, and coal also can be exchanged into biogas and oil, as long as in the biological energy source category, the energy all can be changed mutually; And in conversion, go back the toxin (on a small quantity) of degradable organic compound; Three, " biochemistry can (abbreviation biological energy source) be a solar energy with after food energy combine; unique organic substance that can store far for a long time; this argument confirms: up to the present; its resource is wide; earth surface water, land and air three mcroorganism circles and house refuse, ore deposit, the ground energy (oil, natural gas, coal, Device in Gas, methane gas, biogas etc. all are to be formed by the biology differentiation) that buries all be; its amount of holding is big, account for second (first is solar energy, and in fact the back side sun of the earth is difficult to shine) in the whole world; Biological energy source has renewable recycling, and is the energy of environmental protection, has cheapness, sanitation and hygiene, produces advantages such as simple.But the technical barrier of bioenergy utilization is very many, especially the animal of high-energy and high-moisture can't directly be burnt (comprising the crude oil that develops the thing oil), want its burning is not produced public hazards again, have six big difficulties to wait you and go to capture: 1, the biofermentation technique of soluble low-concentration organic wastewater; 2, the biofermentation technique of soluble high concentrated, solid rubbish; 3, insoluble organic biofermentation technique; 4, the biofermentation technique of insoluble organic; 5, organic foul smell and poison gas are removed technology; 6, mix various inorganic matters (comprising metallic iron) separate impurities technology in organic matter.For this reason, the invention of the efficient domestic sewage purifying retracting device of the notification number CN2545196Y that the inventor invented on April 16th, 2002 and on October 4th, 2006 notification number be two patents of the quick installation for fermenting of organic waste biogas of CN2823267Y, solved the first and second two difficult problems according to plan, capture four difficult problems such as three, four, five, six is exactly aim of the present invention.

Also have with the closely-related technology of the present invention:

" a kind of town refuse biology pretreatment method " (application number 200710021186.9) that the people such as Yang Peigen of Wuhu City, Anhui Province on the 31st March in 2007 propose, it is to add mixed bacteria in crude waste, the moisture of crude waste is removed on energy economical and efficient ground, the wherein organic matter of degrading, make the rubbish loss of weight after the processing reach 40～45%, thereby alleviate the rubbish weight and the volume of sorting for the first time.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcome the above-mentioned defective that exists in the background technology, a kind of pretreatment unit of extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish is provided, it utilizes the materialization of mechanical crushing and biochemical preliminary treatment complex art principle to handle complicated rubbish, particularly insoluble and insoluble organic matter; Reclaim whole regenerated resources and produce gaseous bioenergy.

The technical scheme that the present invention deals with problems is: a kind of pretreatment unit of extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish, comprehensive deodorization device, one-level squeezing seperator, secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine, pulverizer, acidolysis pond, anaerobism solid vaccination device and seven parts of anaerobism liquid inoculation device have been comprised, wherein, one-level squeezing seperator, secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine, pulverizer, acidolysis pond are connected successively with anaerobism solid vaccination device; Described comprehensive deodorization device comprise sterilization and deodorization liquid spray chew, a plurality of foul smell poison gas gatherer, chloride collect mouth, acid mist cover, gas bottle and high-pressure spray and chew; Wherein, the trash repository of one-level squeezing seperator is held place, rubbish space and sterilization and deodorization liquid is installed is sprayed and chew, and establishes a plurality of foul smell poison gas gatherers around the trash repository respectively, and the top of pulverizer is established chloride and collected mouthful, and the acid mist cover is established on the top in acidolysis pond; Above-mentioned foul smell poison gas gatherer, chloride are collected mouth and are connected gas bottle by pipeline respectively with the acid mist cover, and this gas bottle is connected high-pressure spray through gas rubbish escape pipe with vavuum pump and chews; The trash repository base plate indention of described one-level squeezing seperator tilts, and the separation vibrator is equipped with in the below; Establish the guiding removable cover on the Hatch Opening of trash repository; The pressure push pedal that has hydraulic workstation to drive in the trash repository; The trash repository outlet is established sealing baffle with the junction of secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine; Be equipped with electromagnetism iron staff and Bian Cang on the garbage shaft of described secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine, funnel and conveyer belt arranged below the sieve plate of secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine; Described pulverizer is by shear knife, reamer and grinds the coaxial successively assembly that is connected of roller, partly has been arranged alternately heating element heater at reamer; Described acidolysis pond links to each other with anaerobism solid vaccination device by elevator; At the top of anaerobism solid vaccination device the high-temperature strain return duct of having tamed is arranged, there is the screw propulsion isocon below of anaerobism solid vaccination device; The screw propulsion isocon is communicated with the ground solid fermentation device; The bottom of above-mentioned one-level squeezing seperator also has the liquid guide flow pipe to be communicated with cesspool; Liquid such as the blood fat water in the cesspool, gelatine water, wooden juice enter another isocon by suction pipe on the sewage; Described another isocon connects high-pressure spray and chews; Described another isocon divides liquid bacterial classification return duct to be connected the underground liquid installation for fermenting with activated sewage feed pipe two-way by anaerobism liquid inoculation device.

For with rigidity materials such as insoluble animal horn, sclerotin under the condition of normal temperature, artificial moment is dissolved into mud, the present invention is provided with insoluble and indissoluble thing pulverizer, and the present invention also can also infiltrate weak acid and grind together as the stomach digestion " enzyme " of carnivore in pulverizer.

For with organic waste with two kinds of inorganic refuses be mixed in into rigid solid material and gas, fluid separation applications, skin is arranged all and the silicate material of inorganic matter does not have the difference of skin according to every organic matter animal that bone arranged, be provided with one-level squeezing seperator, separate liquid such as foul smell poison gas and blood fat water, gelatine water, wooden juice.After the squeezing of one-level squeezing solid-liquid separating machine puts in place, squeeze out 80% moisture content, separation vibrator on the trash repository base plate is worked automatically, produce the high-frequency direction vibration, destroy its molecule arranging structure, continue the high-pressure squeezing, squeeze pressure intensity is no less than the above high strength of 10 kgfs for every square centimeter, until being pressed into " meat pie "; The material that squeezes all moves to direction of zigzag base plate, passing through going up of secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine control electromagnet bar device of the present invention again inhales and the whereabouts, and the interlock of the opening and closing in control storehouse, limit, to inhale on the irony part of carrying secretly on a small quantity and reclaim, the diffusing end of remaining silicate is shunted by conveyer belt down by the sieve plate sieve of magnetic sieve de-burring machine and is delivered to brickmaking between construction train.

In order to be insoluble in water but the strands such as plastic film goods, chemical fibre, hair that are fused to fire clay into power, be provided with a kind of special pulverizer, because at the stem shear knife of pulverizer, the reamer at middle part and afterbody to grind three on roller coaxial, realized organic efflorescence.

For to organic solid and liquid refuse sterilization and deodorization, the present invention has designed comprehensive deodorization device; It is to reclaim on personal sulfide and the muriatic basis, utilize and inhale on aerobic sealing, the negative pressure and the jet interflow, its byproduct sulfuric acid mist and salt acid mist are respectively to its injection, wherein blood fat water, gelatine water, wooden juice are with inhaling acidolysis branch in the high-pressure fog on the suction pipe negative pressure on the sewage, help fermenting, shortening the delay of organic waste, reach the purpose of deodorizing, fat melting, sterilization and acid decomposition etc.

In order to shorten the demurrage in organic waste hot fermentation stage to greatest extent, to the fermentation raw material sterilizing, improve degree of safety, produce " ecology " fertilizer; Acidolysis pond, anaerobism solid vaccination device and anaerobism liquid inoculation device that the present invention is provided with, can utilize byproduct---the excellent species in the activated sludge behind the underground product biogas, solar heat in the Nature, separate into the organic matter of the solid refuse of sludge-like with the rotten soft acid of sterilizing, carry out high temperature, sealing, anaerobic fermentation, settle direct aerogenesis at one go, out, finish producing moment in organic acid stage in the fermentation vat while advancing.Above-mentioned anaerobism solid vaccination device and anaerobism liquid inoculation device are to enter the preceding critical point of fermentation procedure, can realize the control of degree of safety, efficient, its structure is a three-port structure, there is the detection hole of a with closure in the central authorities of threeway, the peephole that electric light source is arranged on the hole, seal cover can activity be opened operations such as carrying out electric light source monitoring, sample examination, adjusting pH value.

The present invention compared with prior art, can economical and efficient ground remove the moisture of crude waste, peculiar smell, the wherein organic matter of degrading can use debirs such as house refuse to reach the processing of biogas extraction biological energy source.And recyclable sulfide, CO ₂, Cl ₂In the raw material of industry; It can be the recycling treatment of organic wastes such as town and country people's house refuse and utilization provide a kind of newly by way of.In disposal of refuse, provide the energy and agricultural production required efficiently organic " ecology " fertilizer, silicate loose powder such as isolated pottery glass, mixed earth, slag, rubble, earth and silt can be made into non-burning brick and pavement bricks uses, and isolated waste water can become non-drinking pure water by fermentation extraction biogas and post processing.

Description of drawings

Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in detail with concrete embodiment

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, not limited by this figure.

In the accompanying drawing: 1 one-level squeezing seperator; 2 secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine; 3 pulverizers; 4 acidolysis ponds; 5 anaerobism solid vaccination devices; 6 anaerobism liquid inoculation devices; 7 trash repository; 8 sterilization and deodorization liquid spray to be chewed; 9,10 foul smell poison gas gatherers; 11 chlorides are collected mouth; 12 acid mist covers; 13 gas bottles; 14 separate vibrator; 15 guiding removable covers; 16 hydraulic workstations; 17 pressure push pedals; 18 sealing baffles; 19 electromagnetism iron staffs; 20 funnels; 21 conveyer belts; 22 elevators; The 23 high-temperature strain return ducts of having tamed; 24 screw propulsion isocons; 25 ground solid fermentation devices; 26 liquid guide flow pipes; 27 cesspools; Suction pipe on 28 sewage; 29 isocons; 30 gas rubbish escape pipes; 31 vavuum pumps; 32 high-pressure sprays are chewed; 33 underground liquid installation for fermentings; 34 activated sewage feed pipes; 35 fens liquid bacterial classification return ducts.

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pretreatment unit of extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish, this pretreatment unit has comprised comprehensive deodorization device and has squeezed seperator 1 by the one-level that is connected successively, secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine 2, pulverizer 3, acidolysis pond 4 and anaerobism

solid vaccination device

5,6 seven parts of anaerobism liquid inoculation device; Described comprehensive deodorization device is to hold the injection of place, rubbish space installation sterilization and deodorization liquid in the trash repository 7 of one-level squeezing seperator 1 to chew 8; Establish a plurality of foul smell poison gas gatherers 9 and foul smell poison gas gatherer 10 around the trash repository 7 respectively; The top of pulverizer 3 is established chloride and is collected mouth 11, and acid mist cover 12 is established on the top in acidolysis pond 4; Above-mentioned foul smell poison gas gatherer and chloride are collected mouthfuls 11 and are connected gas bottle 13 by pipeline respectively with acid mist cover 12, and this gas bottle 13 chews 32 through the high-pressure spray of gas rubbish escape pipe 30, vavuum pump 31 connections; The trash repository 7 base plate indentions of described one-level squeezing seperator 1 tilt, and the below is equipped with and is separated vibrator 14; Establish guiding removable cover 15 on the Hatch Opening of trash repository 7; The pressure push pedal 17 that has hydraulic workstation 16 to drive in the trash repository 7; Trash repository 7 outlets are established sealing baffle 18 with the junction of secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine 2; Be equipped with electromagnetism iron staff 19 on the garbage shaft of described secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine 2, funnel 20 and conveyer belt 21 arranged below the sieve plate; Described pulverizer 3 is by shear knife, reamer and grinds the coaxial successively assembly that is connected of roller, partly has been arranged alternately heating element heater at reamer; Described have acidolysis pond 4 to link to each other with anaerobism solid vaccination device 5 by elevator 22; At the top of anaerobism solid vaccination device 5 the high-temperature strain return duct 23 of having tamed is arranged, there is screw propulsion isocon 24 below of anaerobism solid vaccination device 5; Screw propulsion isocon 24 earthing face solid fermentation devices 25; The bottom of above-mentioned one-level squeezing seperator 1 also has liquid guide flow pipe 26 logical cesspools 27; Liquid such as the blood fat water in the cesspool 27, gelatine water, wooden juice enter isocon 29 by suction pipe on the sewage 28; Isocon 29 is connected underground liquid installation for fermenting 33 by 6 fens liquid bacterial classifications of anaerobism liquid inoculation device return duct 35 with activated sewage feed pipe 34 two-way.

Claims

1. the pretreatment unit of an extracting gaseous bioenergy from organic matter rubbish, it is characterized in that: this pretreatment unit has comprised comprehensive deodorization device, one-level squeezing seperator (1), secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine (2), pulverizer (3), acidolysis pond (4), anaerobism solid vaccination device (5) and (6) seven parts of anaerobism liquid inoculation device, wherein, one-level squeezing seperator (1), secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine (2), pulverizer (3), acidolysis pond (4) are connected successively with anaerobism solid vaccination device (5); Described comprehensive deodorization device comprises that (8), a plurality of foul smell poison gas gatherer (9,10) are chewed in the injection of sterilization and deodorization liquid, chloride is collected mouthful (11), an acid mist cover (12), gas bottle (13) and high-pressure spray and chewed (32); Wherein, the trash repository (7) of one-level squeezing seperator (1) is held the injection of place, rubbish space installation sterilization and deodorization liquid and is chewed (8), trash repository (7) is established a plurality of foul smell poison gas gatherers (9,10) all around respectively, the top of pulverizer (3) is established chloride and is collected mouthful (11), and acid mist cover (12) is established on the top of acidolysis pond (4); Above-mentioned foul smell poison gas gatherer (9,10), chloride are collected mouthful (11) and are connected gas bottle (13) by pipeline respectively with acid mist cover (12), and this gas bottle (13) is connected high-pressure spray through gas rubbish escape pipe (30) with vavuum pump (31) and chews (32); Trash repository (7) the base plate indention of described one-level squeezing seperator (1) tilts, and the below is equipped with and is separated vibrator (14); Establish guiding removable cover (15) on the Hatch Opening of trash repository (7); The pressure push pedal (17) that has hydraulic workstation (16) to drive in the trash repository (7); Trash repository (7) outlet is established sealing baffle (18) with the junction of secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine (2); Be equipped with electromagnetism iron staff (19) He Biancang on the garbage shaft of described secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine (2), funnel (20) and conveyer belt (21) arranged below the sieve plate of secondary magnetic sieve de-burring machine (2); Described pulverizer (3) is by shear knife, reamer and grinds the coaxial successively assembly that is connected of roller, partly has been arranged alternately heating element heater at reamer; Described acidolysis pond (4) links to each other with anaerobism solid vaccination device (5) by elevator (22); At the top of anaerobism solid vaccination device (5) the high-temperature strain return duct (23) of having tamed is arranged, there is screw propulsion isocon (24) below of anaerobism solid vaccination device (5); Screw propulsion isocon (24) is communicated with ground solid fermentation device (25); The bottom of above-mentioned one-level squeezing seperator (1) also has liquid guide flow pipe (26) to be communicated with cesspool (27); Blood fat water, gelatine water, wooden juice body in the cesspool (27) enter another isocon (29) by suction pipe on the sewage (28); Described another isocon (29) connects high-pressure spray and chews (32); Described another isocon (29) divides liquid bacterial classification return duct (35) to be connected underground liquid installation for fermenting (33) with activated sewage feed pipe (34) two-way by anaerobism liquid inoculation device (6).