Background technology
Nickelous carbonate is to manufacture important intermediates such as various nickel salts, nickel oxide, nickel powder, catalyzer, plating, beramic color.
About the manufacture method of nickelous carbonate mainly adopts nickel salt and alkali reaction to prepare nickelous carbonate: nickel salt adopts single nickel salt, nickelous nitrate etc.; Alkali adopt yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, volatile salt, bicarbonate of ammonia wherein one or both.Typical method has yellow soda ash and single nickel salt to produce basic nickel carbonate.
Huang Kai in Central South University " in " controllable sustained-release precipitation-thermal decomposition method prepares the granularity and the morphology control research of ultra-fine nickel oxide powder " that Ph D dissertation 2003 is delivered, two kinds of research methods have been proposed:
(1) urea precipitation from homogeneous solution system: because the hydrolysis rate of urea is slow, and hydrolysate is simple and easy to volatilization, thereby precipitation from homogeneous solution separates with ionic to be usually used in element.Utilize the slow hydrolysis of urea to discharge precipitation agent component OH
-And CO
3 2-Characteristics, make some metallic nickel ions lentamente hydrolysis form oxyhydroxide or carbonate, be settled out the powder particle that monodispersity can be good equably.By temperature control hydrolysis speed of reaction at an easy rate just, thus the carrying out of control precipitation process.Urea soln itself not with Ni
2+Reaction, but behind the decomposes certain hour, the CO that its hydrolysis discharges
3 2-, OH
-Will with Ni
2+In conjunction with forming the soluble precursor molecule, when reaching certain degree of supersaturation, indissoluble nickel compound precipitation begins to occur, and possible precipitin reaction formula is as follows:
2Ni
2++CO
3 2-+OH
-+H
2O=Ni
2(OH)·CO
3·H
2O
(2) nickel ammonia cooperates a carbonate deposition system: use for reference the basic thought that the precipitation from homogeneous solution method prepares ultra-fine monodisperse particle, adopt ammoniacal liquor to make Synergist S-421 95, nickel ion and ammonia are cooperated, add carbonate again and react with it, realize purpose that precipitation process is controlled thereby reach by the controllable sustained-release of nickel amine complex.
Ni (II)-NH
3-CO
3 2--H
2O system is the system of a class complexity, and its reaction comprises Ni
2+With the reaction of ammonia formation title complex, Ni
2+Hydrolysis reaction, Ni
2+And CO
3 2-Generate the reaction of carbonate deposition and the dissociation equilibrium reaction of weak acid and weak base etc.
" a kind of methods of preparing nickel protoxide by continuous drying and calcining " that Chinese patent application numbers 200610140864.9 is announced are that raw material carries out precipitin reaction with saturated sodium carbonate solution and generates wet nickelous carbonate to purify nickel salt solution after qualified,
Chinese patent application numbers 200610156310.8 has been announced " method of producing the electronic-grade nickelous carbonate with the yellow soda ash precipitation ".It is the nickel source with the soluble nickel salt that this method relates to a kind of, is the processing method that precipitation agent is produced the electronic-grade nickelous carbonate with yellow soda ash.It is characterized in that nickel salt solution and sodium carbonate solution being mixed control reaction pH value, temperature and ageing condition etc. in the mode of also stream adding.After finishing, ageing carries out new washing process: the process of washing-drying-secondary washing-redrying, and grind at last and be finished product.
Its application number 01108101.5 of Chinese patent has been announced " with the method for preparing high-purity nickel carbonate from ammonium dicarbonate ".This method adopts nickel, nitric acid to react, and adds cleaner GL, filtration again, adds bicarbonate of ammonia again and carries out replacement(metathesis)reaction, carries out press filtration rinsing, drying and crushing at last, is finished product.
Existing method mainly adopts batch process, and production efficiency is lower, and bath water is excessive, does not obtain recycle, and in general 1 ton of product consume water is about 80 tons.In the face of the water resources of growing tension, walk the road of recycle water, be that the problem that will solve is faced and be badly in need of to chemical industry.Realize water zero discharge, can save great amount of water resources; Reduce sewage discharge, the conserve water processing costs; Save the cost that pure water is handled; Reduce washing water temperature (washing water temperature is about 50~90 ℃) and promptly reduced coal resources.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, a kind of method and apparatus of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate is provided.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, with the concentration for preparing is that 40~120g/L nickel sulfate solution, concentration are 10~60g/L carbonate aqueous solution, according to 1: 1~1: 3 weight ratio, add baffled in it, central authorities are provided with three layers of agitator, upper lateral part has in the reactor of upflow tube, temperature is 50~90 ℃ in the control reactor, pH value 7~9, stirring velocity 100~180rpm;
Reactant flows to reactant 1 from the upflow tube of reactor
#In the storage tank,, enter reactant 2 through the air pump stirring 60~80 ℃ of following ageings 1~3 hour
#Static 1~2 hour of storage tank when the supernatant liquor carbonate concentration is 15~80g/L, extracts supernatant liquor to 1
#In the pressure filter;
From 3
#Draw water in the storage tank to reactant 2
#Storage tank stirs through air pump, by being arranged on reactant 2
#Supernatant liquor to 1 is extracted in the static concussion of oscillator outside the storage tank 1~2 hour
#In the pressure filter;
Through above-mentioned 1
#Filtrate after the pressure filter press filtration, preparation sodium sulfate or focus on; Its filter cake washs with 50~80 ℃ of pure water, after testing SO
4 2-After, drying obtains the nickelous carbonate product.When reactant 2
#The supernatant liquor carbonate concentration extracts supernatant liquor to 2 less than 15~20g/L in the storage tank
#In the pressure filter, material blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with pressurized air after pressing dry, washed 1~3 hour, blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with the empty compressor of gas once more; Then
With 50~80 ℃ of pure water washings, there is not SO after testing
4 2-After, the discharging oven dry makes nickelous carbonate, reclaims washing water simultaneously and pumps into 3
#Receive standby in the storage tank.
Above-described reactant 1
#Storage tank, reactant 2
#Storage tank and 3
#The storage tank outside is equipped with thermal insulation layer, to prevent thermosteresis.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, they are described 2 years old
#The pressure filter water-in is equipped with T-valve, and an end of this T-valve is connected with the air compressor outlet by pipeline, and the washing back imposes 0.1~0.6MPa pressure with pressurized air and blows water.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, it is recovered in 3
#Standby pure washing water in the storage tank, circulation is used to prepare nickel salt solution, soda ash solution and bath water.
The method of above-described a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, its described reactant 2
#Storage tank is the cone structure of stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, its external oscillator in bottom, its built-in agitator; Reactant 2
#The clear liquid discharge port of storage tank upper lateral part is by pipeline and enter 1
#The opening for feed of pressure filter links to each other; Reactant 2
#The discharge port of tank bottom is by pipeline and 2
#The pressure filter opening for feed links to each other.
Realize a kind of needed reactor of method of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, its outside is provided with chuck, is respectively equipped with nickel salt aqueous solution filling tube, aqueous sodium carbonate filling tube on its kettle cover; Be provided with plate washer in the still, the symmetric reinforced shower nozzle of two couple who installs on the plate washer respectively with the above-mentioned corresponding connection of two filling tubes, is spaced from each other the reinforced shower nozzle of nickel salt solution and sodium carbonate solution; The agitator of the three-decker that is provided with in still central authorities is followed successively by hinged joint paddle stirrer, grid agitator and propeller type stirrer from top to bottom, and its still upper lateral part is provided with upflow tube, this upflow tube and reactant 1
#The jar opening for feed links to each other.
The needed reactor of method of a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction of above-mentioned realization continuous production nickelous carbonate, its described reinforced shower nozzle is for being fixed on the inboard perforated tube of baffle plate, its Kong Jun in still, or on the described plate washer porous spiral tube, its Kong Jun is in still.
By implementing technical scheme of the present invention, can obviously enhance productivity, reduce bath water, shorten washing time.Mother liquor reclaim(ed) sulfuric acid sodium, washing water reclaim and are used for batching, washing etc.Therefore, the present invention compared with prior art has following obvious improvement and water saving, energy-conservation, consumption reduction and shortens the positively effect of production cycle:
(1) washing water reduce to 30 tons by 80~90 tons of original unit consumption; Water saving reaches 55.6~62.5%;
(2) washing time was reduced to 2~3 hours by 6 hours; Washing time has shortened 50~66.7%;
(3) discharge water reduces to 10~20 tons by original 100 tons; The discharging water yield has reduced 80~90%;
(4) reclaim(ed) sulfuric acid sodium weight equals the yellow soda ash amount;
(5) pure water processing costs, washing water temperature have been reduced;
(6) working cost and the products production cost that install have obviously been reduced.
Embodiment
Now the present invention is further described as follows by drawings and Examples:
Embodiment 1
From Fig. 2 as seen, realize the needed reactor of method of a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction of the present invention continuous production nickelous carbonate, its kettle 1 outside is provided with chuck, is respectively equipped with nickel sulfate solution filling tube 2, aqueous sodium carbonate filling tube 3 on its kettle cover; The still inboard is provided with plate washer 4, and the symmetric reinforced shower nozzle of installing on the plate washer 4 of two couples respectively with above-mentioned nickel salt aqueous solution filling tube 2, the 3 corresponding connections of aqueous sodium carbonate filling tube, is spaced from each other the reinforced shower nozzle of nickel salt solution and sodium carbonate solution; The agitator of the three-decker that is provided with in still central authorities is followed successively by hinged joint paddle stirrer 6-3, grid agitator 6-2 and propeller type stirrer 6-1 from top to bottom, and its still upper lateral part is provided with upflow tube 5, this upflow tube 5 and reactant 1
#The storage tank opening for feed links to each other.Described reinforced shower nozzle is the perforated tube that is fixed on baffle plate 4 inboards, and its Kong Jun is in still.Or described reinforced shower nozzle is porous spiral tube on the baffle plate 4, and its Kong Jun is towards the inboard.
Embodiment 2
From Fig. 1 as seen, the method for a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction of the utility model continuous production nickelous carbonate, its step is as follows:
Configuration concentration is the 40g/L nickel sulfate solution, places header tank;
Configuration concentration is the 10g/L aqueous sodium carbonate, places header tank;
The nickel sulfate solution for preparing and sodium carbonate solution by 1: 1 weight ratio, are added in the reactor, and temperature is 50 ℃ in the control reactor, pH value 7.0, stirring velocity 100rpm.
Reactant flows out from the reactor upflow tube and enters reactant 1
#In the storage tank, ageing is 1 hour under 60 ℃ of g, stirs through air pump and enters reactant 2
#In the storage tank, static 1~2 hour,, extract supernatant liquor to 1 when the supernatant liquor alkali concn is 15~80g/L
#In the pressure filter;
From 3
#Draw water in the storage tank to reactant 2
#Storage tank stirs through air pump, by being arranged on reactant .2
#Supernatant liquor to 1 is extracted in the static concussion of oscillator outside the storage tank 1~2 hour
#In the pressure filter; From above-described 1
#The solution that pressure filter comes out prepares sodium sulfate or focuses on by crystallization; Its filter cake washs to there not being SO with 50 ℃ of pure water
4 2+, drying obtains the nickelous carbonate product.
When reactant 2
#The supernatant liquor concentration of sodium carbonate extracts supernatant liquor to 2 less than 15~20g/L in the storage tank
#In the pressure filter, material blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with pressurized air after pressing dry, washed 1~3 hour, blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with the compressed gas sky again; Then,
With 50 ℃ of pure water washings, there is not SO after testing
4 2+, the discharging oven dry makes nickelous carbonate, reclaims washing water simultaneously and pumps into 3
#Receive standby in the storage tank.
Above-described reactant 1
#Storage tank, reactant 2
#Storage tank and 3
#The storage tank outside is equipped with lagging material, to prevent thermosteresis.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, they are described 2 years old
#The pressure filter water-in is equipped with T-valve, and an end of this T-valve is connected with the air compressor outlet by pipeline, and the washing back imposes 0.1~0.6MPa pressure with pressurized air and blows water;
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, it is recovered in 3
#Standby pure washing water in the storage tank, circulation is used to prepare nickel salt solution, sodium carbonate solution and bath water.
The method of above-described a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, its described reactant 2
#Storage tank is the cone structure of stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, its external oscillator in bottom, its built-in agitator; Reactant 2
#The clear liquid discharge port of storage tank upper lateral part is by pipeline and enter 1
#The opening for feed of pressure filter links to each other; Reactant 2
#The discharge port of tank bottom is by pipeline and 2
#The pressure filter opening for feed links to each other.
Embodiment 3
Configuration concentration is the 120g/L nickel sulfate solution, places header tank;
Configuration concentration is the 60g/L ammonium carbonate solution, places header tank;
From Fig. 1 as seen, the above-mentioned nickel sulfate solution for preparing and sodium carbonate solution by 1: 3 weight ratio, are added in the reactor, temperature is 90 ℃ in the control reactor, pH value 9.0, stirring velocity 180rpm.
Reactant flows out from the reactor upflow tube and enters reactant 1
#In the storage tank,, enter reactant 2 through the air pump stirring 80 ℃ of ageings 3 hours
#Storage tank static 1~2 hour, when supernatant liquor volatile salt concentration is 15~80g/L, extracts supernatant liquor to 1
#In the pressure filter;
From 3
#Draw water in the storage tank to reactant 2
#Storage tank stirs through air pump, by being arranged on reactant 2
#Supernatant liquor to 1 is extracted in the static concussion of oscillator outside the storage tank 1~2 hour
#In the pressure filter;
From above-described 1
#The solution that pressure filter comes out prepares sodium sulfate or focuses on by crystallization; Its filter cake washs with 80 ℃ of pure water, does not have SO after testing
4 2-Oven dry makes product.When reactant 2
#Supernatant liquor volatile salt concentration extracts supernatant liquor to 2 less than 15~20g/L in the storage tank
#In the pressure filter, material blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with air compressor after pressing dry, washed 1~3 hour, blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with the compressed gas sky again;
Its filter cake washs with 80 ℃ of pure water, does not have SO after testing
4 2-After, the discharging oven dry makes nickelous carbonate, reclaims washing water simultaneously and pumps into 3
#Receive standby in the storage tank.
Above-described reactant 1
#Storage tank, reactant 2
#Storage tank and 3
#The storage tank outside is provided with thermal insulation layer, to prevent thermosteresis.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, they are described 2 years old
#The pressure filter water-in is equipped with T-valve, and an end of this T-valve is connected with the air compressor outlet by pipeline, and the washing back imposes 0.1~0.6MPa pressure with compression and blows water
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, it is recovered in 3
#Standby pure washing water in the storage tank storage tank, circulation is used to prepare nickel solution, sal volatile and bath water.
The method of above-described a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, its described reactant 2
#Storage tank is the cone structure of stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, its external oscillator in bottom, its built-in agitator; Reactant 2
#The clear liquid discharge port of storage tank upper lateral part is by pipeline and enter 1
#The opening for feed of pressure filter links to each other; Reactant 2
#The discharge port of tank bottom is by pipeline and 2
#The pressure filter opening for feed links to each other.
Embodiment 4
Configuration concentration is the 80g/L nickel sulfate solution, places header tank;
Configuration concentration is the 35g/L ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, places header tank;
From Fig. 1 as seen, nickel sulfate solution and the sodium carbonate solution for preparing added in the reactor by 1: 2 weight ratio, temperature is 70 ℃ in the control reactor, pH value 8.0, stirring velocity 140rpm.
Reactant flows out from the reactor upflow tube and enters reactant 1
#In the storage tank,, enter reactant 2 through the air pump stirring 70 ℃ of ageings 2 hours
#Static 1~2 hour of storage tank when supernatant liquor bicarbonate of ammonia concentration is 15~80g/L, extracts supernatant liquor to 1
#In the pressure filter;
From 3
#Draw water in the storage tank to reactant 2
#Storage tank stirs through air pump, by being arranged on reactant 2
#Supernatant liquor to 1 is extracted in the static concussion of oscillator outside the storage tank 1~2 hour
#In the pressure filter;
From above-described 1
#The solution that pressure filter comes out prepares sodium sulfate or focuses on by crystallization; Its filter cake washs with 65 ℃ of pure water, does not have SO after testing
4 2-Oven dry makes product.When reactant 2
#Supernatant liquor bicarbonate of ammonia concentration extracts supernatant liquor to 2 less than 15~20g/L in the storage tank
#In the pressure filter, material blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with pressurized air after pressing dry, washed 1~3 hour, blows material pressurization 0.1~0.6MPa with pressurized air again;
Its filter cake washs with 65 ℃ of pure water, does not have SO after testing
4 2-After, the discharging oven dry makes nickelous carbonate, reclaims washing water simultaneously and pumps into 3
#Receive standby in the storage tank.
Above-described reactant 1
#Storage tank, reactant 2
#Storage tank and 3
#The storage tank outside is equipped with thermal insulation layer, to prevent thermosteresis.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, they are described 2 years old
#The pressure filter water-in is equipped with T-valve, and an end of this T-valve is connected with the air compressor outlet by pipeline, and the washing back imposes 0.1~0.6MPa pressure with pressurized air and blows water.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, it is recovered in 3
#Standby pure washing water in the storage tank, circulation is used to prepare nickel salt solution, sal volatile and bath water.
The method of above-described a kind of water-saving and emission-reducing consumption reduction continuous production nickelous carbonate, its described reactant 2
#Storage tank is the cone structure of stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, and its external oscillator in bottom is provided with three layers of agitator in it; Reactant 2
#The clear liquid discharge port of storage tank upper lateral part is by pipeline and enter 1
#The opening for feed of pressure filter links to each other; Reactant 2
#The discharge port of tank bottom is by pipeline and 2
#The pressure filter opening for feed links to each other.
Material concentration among the embodiment 5~10, charge weight ratio, still temperature, pH, stirring velocity,
Filter cake wash water temperature
Indicate: among the embodiment 5~10 in table the processing parameter, all the other operating process step and processing condition, all identical with embodiment 2.