CN101254484A - An efficient and clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient and clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores. The steps are: use one or more combinations of oxalic acid, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, and ferrous sulfate as an activator, and then vulcanize with xanthate, black medicine, white medicine, sulfurethane, etc. Collect ore collector, add BC and stir evenly, then carry out sulfide ore flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate. The ore dressing method of the present invention has the characteristics of high sorting index, cleanness and non-toxicity, and is suitable for flotation of complex sulfide ores, especially for flotation of complex sulfide minerals containing pyrrhotite and pyrite with finer mineral embedded particle size. select.

Description

An efficient and clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores

technical field

The invention relates to the field of flotation of complex sulfide minerals, in particular to an efficient and clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide minerals.

Background technique

The activators of traditional sulfide minerals are generally sulfuric acid and copper sulfate. Since sulfuric acid is used not only as a pH regulator, but also as an activator of sulfide minerals, the dosage is relatively high, resulting in the generation of a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide during the flotation process, which deteriorates the The on-site operating environment is very unfavorable to safe production.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problem that the existing sulfide ore flotation process will produce a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, the present invention provides a simple, efficient and non-toxic complex sulfide ore efficient and clean beneficiation method.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above comprises the following steps:

a. Grind the sulfide minerals to -0.045mm to account for 90%, add water to adjust the slurry;

b. Add any one of oxalic acid, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, or oxalic acid and ferrous sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium carbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and Any combination of ferrous sulfate, or any combination of ammonium bicarbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium carbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate and ferrous sulfate and oxalic acid, or The combination of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ferrous sulfate, or the combination of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and ferrous sulfate is used as the activator and stirred evenly;

c. Add one or more combinations of xanthate, black medicine, white medicine and ammonium sulfate as medicament;

d. Add terpineol oil or 2# oil, stir evenly and carry out sulfide ore flotation, and the foam product obtained is sulfur concentrate.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores, in the step a, water is added to adjust the pulp to a pulp concentration of 30%.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores, the addition of oxalic acid in the step b is 500-8000 g/ton; the addition of ammonium carbonate is 600-8000 grams/ton; the addition of ammonium bicarbonate is 600-8000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium sulfate is 300-6000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium bisulfate is 300-6000 g/ton; the amount of oxalic acid is 500-8000 g/ton; /ton; the amount of ammonium bicarbonate added is 600-8000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-3000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium carbonate added is 600-8000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-3000 gram/ton; the amount of ammonium bisulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-3000 g/ton; the amount of oxalic acid added is 500-8000 g/ton, the amount of ammonium bicarbonate added is 600-8000 gram/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-1500 g/ton; the amount of oxalic acid added is 500-8000 g/ton, the amount of ammonium carbonate added is 600-8000 g/ton, and the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-1500 g / ton; the amount of oxalic acid added is 500-8000 g/ton, the amount of ammonium bisulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-1500 g/ton; the amount of oxalic acid added is 500-8000 g/ton The amount of ammonium sulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-1500 g/ton; the amount of ammonium carbonate added is 600-8000 g/ton, and the amount of ammonium bicarbonate added is 600-8000 g/ton The amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-1500 g/ton; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium bisulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton; Ton.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores, the addition of xanthate in the step c is 40-300 g/ton; the addition of black medicine is 20-300 grams/ton; the addition of white medicine is 10-200 grams/ton tons; the addition of ammonium sulfate is 15-100 g/ton.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores, the amount of terpineol oil or 2# oil added in the step d is 60-120 g/ton.

The technical effect of the present invention is that: the present invention has the advantages of good activation effect on sulfide ore, high sorting index, clean and non-toxic. It is suitable for the activation flotation of complex sulfide ores, especially complex sulfide ores containing pyrrhotite and high pyrite, and fine-grained mineral distribution.

The following drawings and specific embodiments further illustrate the invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1

By adopting the high-efficiency and clean sulfur separation method described in the present invention, a small-scale test and an industrial test were carried out on copper tailing sulfur separation in a certain mine, and a good separation index was obtained. The sulfur element in this ore mainly exists in three forms: chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and pyrite. Chalcopyrite is closely related to gangue, and the coarse, medium and fine particles mainly distributed in medium and fine particles are extremely unevenly distributed. The particle size of pyrite embedding is relatively coarse. The distribution of magnetite and pyrrhotite is finer. In short, its ore is a refractory polymetallic ore with fine particles embedded in it. The raw ore containing 1.07% copper, 18.13% sulfur, and 32.61% iron has undergone talc flotation, copper partial flotation, copper-sulfur mixed flotation, mixed The roughing concentrate and copper concentrate I tailings are then ground to -0.045mm, accounting for 90%, copper and sulfur separation and flotation, and the separated tailings are used as ore feed for sulfur separation. Concentrate the on-site sample with only 15-25% sulfur flotation concentration to 30%, add the medicament formula listed in Table 1, and obtain the sulfur-containing grade through a small-scale closed-circuit test (flow chart shown in Figure 1) The sulfur concentrate is more than 35% and the recovery rate is more than 87%.

Example 2

The raw ore of a copper mine has low sulfur content, the ratio of sulfur to copper is 2:1, and the recoverable effective sulfur is only about 1%. Pyrrhotite (Fe ₅ S ₆ ) is one of the main sulfide minerals in the ore. It is mainly irregularly embedded in gangue minerals or in the gap between magnetite and gangue minerals, cementing and replacing magnetite, and the two are closely related, and secondly, it is filled in network veins along the gangue mineral cracks or gaps. The intercalation relationship between pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite is also very close, and chalcopyrite filling is often seen in the pyrrhotite gap, and there are fine inclusions of chalcopyrite in pyrrhotite. The particle size distribution of pyrrhotite is uneven, mainly between 20 and 295 μm, which is coarser than that of chalcopyrite. Since pyrrhotite is mostly embedded in cemented metasomatous magnetite, fine-grained pyrrhotite and magnetite are not easy to separate as monomers, and both pyrrhotite and magnetite are ferrimagnetic minerals , has strong magnetism, and the two interfere with each other during the sorting process. In addition, the molecular and crystal structure of pyrrhotite determine its characteristics such as poor buoyancy, easy oxidation on the surface, and brittleness and easy muddying. Using the method of the present invention, a small-scale closed-circuit sulfur separation test of one roughing, one beneficiation, and two scavenging was carried out on the copper tailings separated by mixed copper and sulfur (see Figure 2 for the flow chart). Concentrate the -0.074mm ore pulp accounting for 85% to 30%, add 8000g/ton oxalic acid, 300g/ton ammonium bisulfate, 1500g/ton ferrous sulfate to activate the slurry, and use 300g/ton butyl xanthate Collect with 50 g/ton butylammonium black medicine, and through a small closed-circuit test with one coarse one fine two sweeps, the sulfur concentrate with grade and recovery rate of 36.12% and 85.83% can be obtained respectively.

Example 3

The total iron content of an iron ore in Xinjiang is 50.76%, and the sulfur content is 10.07%. The iron minerals in the ore are mainly magnetite, and the sulfur mainly exists in the form of pyrrhotite and pyrite. The raw ore was ground to -0.074mm to account for 85%, and a rough magnetic separation test was carried out, and an iron concentrate with an iron grade of 64.07% and an iron recovery rate of 86.40% was obtained. However, since the pyrrhotite with strong magnetism is also enriched in the iron concentrate during the magnetic separation process, the sulfur content of the iron concentrate rises to 10.47%, which cannot be utilized. For this reason, adopt method of the present invention, after adding 2000 grams/ton ammonium carbonate, 1000 grams/ton ammonium bicarbonate and 800 grams/ton ferrous sulfate activation, carry out this iron concentrate with 240 grams/ton butyl xanthate One crude, two fine, one sweep, reverse flotation desulfurization. The sulfur content in the iron concentrate is reduced to 0.25%, the iron grade is also increased to over 68%, and the grade and recovery rate are respectively 36.52% and 84.13% sulfur concentrate.

Table 1

Pharmacy combination number Agent combination and dosage (g/t ore) Concentrate Sulfur Grade (%) Concentrate Sulfur Recovery Rate (%) 1 Ammonium bicarbonate/8000+xanthate/240+2# oil/60 35.95 87.03 2 Oxalic acid 500+ ferrous sulfate/3000+ butyl xanthate/240+2# oil/60 38.95 87.87 3 Ammonium bicarbonate/3000+ ferrous sulfate/800+ butyl xanthate/240+2# oil/60 38.65 88.82 4 Ammonium sulfate/6000+ oxalic acid/1000+ ferrous sulfate/300+ butyl xanthate/240+2# oil/60 36.65 88.77 5 Ammonium sulfate/3000+ ferrous sulfate/800+ butyl xanthate/240+2# oil/60 36.45 89.75 6 Oxalic acid 5000+ butyl xanthate/240+2# oil/60 39.89 88.42

Claims (8)

1. A highly efficient and clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores, comprising the following steps: a. Grind the sulfide minerals to -0.045mm to account for 90%, add water to adjust the slurry; b. Add any one of oxalic acid, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, or oxalic acid and ferrous sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium carbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and Any combination of ferrous sulfate, or any combination of ammonium bicarbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium carbonate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate and ferrous sulfate and oxalic acid, or The combination of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ferrous sulfate, or the combination of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and ferrous sulfate as activator, and stir evenly; c. Add one or more combinations of xanthate, black medicine, white medicine and ammonium sulfate as medicament; d. Add terpineol oil or 2# oil, stir evenly and carry out sulfide ore flotation, and the foam product obtained is sulfur concentrate. 2. The efficient and clean beneficiation method for complex sulfide ores according to claim 1, adding water to adjust the slurry to a pulp concentration of 30% in the step a. 3. The efficient cleaning mineral processing method of complex sulfide ore according to claim 1, in the described step b, the add-on of oxalic acid is 500-8000 gram/ton; The ammonium carbonate add-on is 600-8000 gram/ton; Bicarbonate The amount of ammonium added is 600-8000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium bisulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton; The addition amount is 300-3000 g/ton; the addition amount of ammonium bicarbonate is 600-8000 g/ton, the addition amount of ferrous sulfate is 300-3000 g/ton; The amount of iron added is 300-3000 g/ton; the amount of ammonium bisulfate added is 300-6000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 300-3000 g/ton; Ammonium addition is 600-8000 g/ton, ferrous sulfate addition is 300-1500 g/ton; oxalic acid addition is 500-8000 g/ton, ammonium carbonate addition is 600-8000 g/ton, ferrous sulfate The addition amount is 300-1500 g/ton; the addition amount of oxalic acid is 500-8000 g/t; The addition amount of ammonium sulfate is 500-8000 g/ton, the amount of ammonium sulfate is 300-6000 g/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 300-1500 g/ton; the amount of ammonium carbonate is 600-8000 g/ton, the amount of ammonium bicarbonate 600-8000 g/ton, ferrous sulfate addition is 300-1500 g/ton; ammonium sulfate addition is 300-6000 g/ton, ammonium bisulfate addition is 300-6000 g/ton, ferrous sulfate addition The amount is 300-1500 g/t. 4. The efficient cleaning mineral processing method of complex sulfide ore according to claim 3, in the described step b, the add-on of oxalic acid is 5000 grams/ton; The ammonium carbonate add-on is 4500 grams/ton; The ammonium bicarbonate add-on is 4000 g/ton; ammonium sulfate addition is 3000 g/ton; ammonium bisulfate addition is 4000 g/ton; oxalic acid addition is 3000 g/ton, ferrous sulfate addition is 800 g/ton; Amount of 2500 grams/ton, ferrous sulfate addition is 1000 grams/ton; ammonium carbonate addition is 2000 grams/ton, ferrous sulfate addition is 1000 grams/ton; ammonium bisulfate addition is 2500 grams/ton, The addition of ferrous sulfate is 1000 g/ton; the addition of oxalic acid is 2000 g/ton, the addition of ammonium bicarbonate is 1000 g/ton, the addition of ferrous sulfate is 800 g/ton; the addition of oxalic acid is 2000 g/ton , The addition of ammonium carbonate is 1000 g/ton, the addition of ferrous sulfate is 800 g/ton; the addition of oxalic acid is 1000 g/ton, the addition of ammonium bisulfate is 2000 g/ton, and the addition of ferrous sulfate is 800 grams / ton; the addition of oxalic acid is 2000 g / ton, the addition of ammonium sulfate is 1000 g / ton, the addition of ferrous sulfate is 800 g / ton; the addition of ammonium carbonate is 2000 g / ton, and the addition of ammonium bicarbonate is 1000 gram/ton, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 800 g/ton; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 2000 g/ton, the amount of ammonium bisulfate added is 1000 g/ton, and the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 800 g/ton. 5. The efficient clean mineral processing method of complex sulfide ore according to claim 1, in the step c, the addition of xanthate is 40-300 grams/ton; the addition of black medicine is 20-300 grams/ton; the addition of white medicine The amount is 10-200 g/ton; the amount of ammonium sulfate added is 15-100 g/ton. 6. The efficient cleaning mineral processing method of complex sulfide ore according to claim 5, in the step c, the addition of xanthate is 240 grams/ton; the addition of black medicine is 180 grams/ton; the addition of white medicine is 80 grams / ton; the addition of ammonium sulfate is 50 grams / ton. 7. The efficient clean mineral processing method of complex sulfide ore according to claim 1, in the described step d, terpineol oil, 2# oil add-on is 60-120 gram/ton. 8. The efficient cleaning mineral processing method of complex sulfide ore according to claim 7, in the described step d, terpineol oil, 2# oil add-on is 100 grams/ton.

Images