CN101244539A - Mold Freeform Surface Flexible Polishing Machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A flexible polishing machine for mold free-form surfaces, including a bed and a workbench, the polishing machine also includes a motion mechanism and a grinding head component, the motion mechanism includes an X-axis transmission mechanism, a Y-axis transmission mechanism, and a Z-axis transmission mechanism, The workbench is installed on the bed through the X-axis transmission mechanism, the Z-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis transmission mechanism through the Z-axis support, the Y-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis support, and the Y-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis support. The shaft support is installed on the column support, and the column support is installed on the workbench. The invention provides a mold free curved surface flexible polishing machine which is suitable for various curved surfaces, has high polishing efficiency and high polishing quality, is convenient for realizing on-line control, and is convenient for precise correction of local shape and surface.

Description

Mold Freeform Surface Flexible Polishing Machine

technical field

The invention relates to the field of polishing machines, in particular to a flexible polishing machine for mold free-form surfaces.

Background technique

In recent years, the development of the mold manufacturing industry has become increasingly rapid, and it has become more and more extensive. Such as automobiles, aviation, ships, toys, electronic products, household appliances, etc., are almost omnipresent. In mold manufacturing, the surface of plastic mold, die-casting mold, forging mold and other mold cavities is complex, the proportion of free-form surface is high, the processing technology is the most difficult, and the surface roughness is very high, so the cavity must be polished. , to improve the service life of the mold. At present, the methods used to complete the shape processing are mainly milling and electric machining methods. These methods often cannot meet the processing requirements. For this reason, post-processing is necessary. Generally, manual polishing is used for post-processing, which consumes a lot of man-hours and costs. The analysis of the production cost of some forging dies shows that more than 30% of the cost is currently spent on post-processing (mainly manual polishing). At present, only a few large mold companies use fully automatic grinding and polishing machines. The main reason is that the automatic polishing machine is expensive, it is difficult to control the predetermined polishing purpose, and it is only suitable for uniform polishing of flat or simple curved surfaces, so the return on investment is low. Polishing is an important process of mold cavity processing. Its processing time accounts for 30% to 50% of the entire mold manufacturing time, and its cost accounts for 5% to 30% of the total manufacturing cost. Polishing has become a bottleneck in the mold manufacturing process.

Mold polishing directly affects the quality of the mold. At present, the main polishing method for free-form surface molds is manual polishing, which has disadvantages such as poor processing capacity, low polishing efficiency, high labor intensity, and high requirements for polishing workers' experience and technology. Check the existing traditional and new free-form surface polishing equipment has the following disadvantages: 1. The contact area between the polishing head of the polishing equipment and the free-form surface is small, and the polishing efficiency is low; 2. Traditional flexible polishing tools are generally obtained by using springs or flexible polishing materials. The flexible contact with the curved surface of the polished workpiece has poor adaptability to the free-form surface; 3. The degree of freedom of polishing equipment polishing is relatively single, and it is difficult to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom polishing; 4. It is difficult to apply polishing abrasives, and the device used is complicated; 5. Due to the limitation of ultrasonic amplitude and power, ultrasonic mechanical polishing equipment is only suitable for local processing such as narrow and deep grooves, rounded corners, and corners, and the efficiency of large-area polishing is low; 7. The existing flexible polishing technology has high polishing accuracy , but due to the small variation range of the polishing pad material and the rigidity of the polishing capsule, and the poor real-time control, it is still impossible to realize the dimensional correction of the free-form surface of the mold and high-efficiency fine polishing.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine, which are only suitable for flat or simple curved surfaces, low polishing efficiency, low polishing quality, inability to carry out on-line control, and troublesome local surface precision correction, the present invention provides a machine suitable for various It is a flexible polishing machine for mold free-form surface with high polishing efficiency, high polishing quality, easy to realize on-line control, and easy to carry out precise correction of local shape and surface.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A flexible polishing machine for a mold free-form surface, including a bed and a workbench, the polishing machine also includes a motion mechanism and a grinding head component, and the motion mechanism includes an X-axis transmission mechanism, a Y-axis transmission mechanism, and a Z-axis transmission mechanism, The workbench is installed on the bed through the X-axis transmission mechanism, the Z-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis transmission mechanism through the Z-axis support, the Y-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis support, and the Y-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis support. The shaft support is installed on the column support, and the column support is installed on the workbench;

The X transmission mechanism includes an X-axis control motor, an X-axis ball screw, an X-axis guide rail slider and two X-axis horizontal guide rails. The X-axis control motor is installed on the bed, and the two X-axis horizontal guide rails Fixedly installed on the bed, the X-axis guide rail slider is slidably installed on the X-axis horizontal guide rail, the X-axis ball screw is located between two X-axis horizontal guide rails, and the X-axis ball screw The rod is fixedly installed on the bed through the X-axis screw support seat, the output shaft of the X-axis control motor is connected to the X-axis ball screw through a coupling, and the X-axis ball screw is connected to the X-axis through the X-axis screw round nut. The shaft lead screw nut seat is connected, and the X-axis guide rail slider and the X-axis lead screw nut seat are fixedly installed at the bottom of the workbench;

The Z-axis transmission mechanism includes a Z-axis control motor, a Z-axis ball screw, a Z-axis guide rail slider and two Z-axis vertical guide rails. The Z-axis control motor is installed on the Z-axis support, and the two The Z-axis vertical guide rail is fixedly installed on the Z-axis support, the Z-axis guide rail slider is slidably installed on the Z-axis vertical guide rail, and the Z-axis ball screw is located between the two Z-axis vertical guide rails , the Z-axis ball screw is connected to the Z-axis screw round nut, the output shaft of the Z-axis control motor is connected to the Z-axis ball screw through a coupling, and the Z-axis guide rail slider and the Z-axis screw are round The nut seat is fixedly installed on the grinding head part of the polishing machine;

The Y-axis transmission mechanism includes a Y-axis control motor, a Y-axis ball screw, a Y-axis guide rail slider and two Y-axis guide rails. The Y-axis control motor is installed on the Y-axis support, and the two Y-axis guide rails The axis horizontal guide rail is fixedly installed on the Y-axis support, the Y-axis guide rail slider is slidably installed on the Y-axis guide rail, and the Y-axis ball screw is located between the two Y-axis guide rails. The Y-axis ball screw is connected through the Y-axis screw round nut and the Y-axis screw round nut seat, the output shaft of the Y-axis control motor is connected to the Y-axis ball screw through a coupling, and the Y-axis guide rail slider and The round nut seat of the leading screw is fixedly installed on the Z-axis support.

Further, the X-axis control motor, the Y-axis control motor and the Z-axis control motor are all stepping motors.

Still further, the Y-axis transmission mechanism also includes an additional guide rail and an additional guide rail slider for increasing the load capacity, and the two Y-axis guide rails and the Y-axis ball screw are installed on the side of the Y-axis support , the additional guide rail is installed above the Y-axis support, the additional guide rail slider is slidably installed on the additional guide rail, and the additional guide rail slider is fixedly connected with the Z-axis support through a hinge support.

As a preferred solution: the grinding head component includes a grinding head rotary motion mechanism, and the grinding head rotary motion mechanism includes a rotating bracket, a rotation control motor, a rotating gear shaft, a rotating transmission gear, and a rotating shaft fixedly connected with the grinding head. shaft, the rotation control motor is installed on the rotation bracket, the output shaft of the rotation control motor is connected to the rotation gear shaft, the rotation gear shaft is meshed with the rotation transmission gear, and the rotation transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotation shaft , the rotating shaft is mounted on the rotating bracket through bearings.

As another preferred solution: the grinding head component also includes a grinding head swing mechanism, and the grinding head swing mechanism includes a swing shaft support, a swing control motor, a swing gear shaft, a swing transmission gear, a swing shaft, and a grinding head Fixedly connected grinding head installation bracket, the rotation control motor is installed on the swing shaft bracket, the output shaft of the swing control motor is connected to the swing gear shaft, the swing gear shaft is meshed with the swing transmission gear, and the swing transmission gear It is sleeved on the swing shaft, and the swing shaft is fixedly connected with the grinding head mounting bracket.

Further, the grinding head mounting bracket includes a left grinding head frame and a right grinding head frame, the left grinding head frame and the right grinding head frame respectively have a semi-cylindrical structure, and the left grinding head frame and the right grinding head frame are set on the On the grinding head shaft, the left grinding head frame is fixedly connected with the right grinding head frame, and the right grinding head frame is fixedly connected with the swing shaft.

Still further, the swing transmission gear is a double half gear.

As another preferred solution: the grinding head parts also include a grinding head rotation mechanism, the grinding head rotation mechanism includes a grinding head shaft for installing a grinding head, a DC motor and a DC motor support, and the DC motor support is a grinding wheel. A head mounting bracket, and the DC motor is connected with the grinding head shaft through a belt and a pulley.

The technical concept of the present invention is: bed parts, Y-Z axis parts and working parts; the bed parts include a base, a workbench and a transmission module, and an inverted T-shaped slot is opened on the workbench, which can load various workpieces The clamping device is equipped with a transmission module on the base, which includes a guide rail, a screw, a coupling and a stepping motor, which jointly drive the fixture on the workbench and the workpiece to move in the X-axis direction; the Y-Z axis components include two The supporting column, the Y-direction transmission module and the Z-direction transmission module, the Y-direction and Z-direction transmission modules are also equipped with guide rails, lead screws, couplings and stepper motors, so as to drive the axes of the working parts on the Y-axis and Z-axis to the movement.

Under the action of the stepping motor, it drives the rotary motion of the rotating gear shaft connected to the stepping motor through a key, and the gear on the rotating gear shaft drives the rotating double-plate gear to rotate through gear meshing. The structure of the double-plate gear can reduce the The gear meshing gap makes the transmission more stable, and the rotating shaft and the rotating double-plate gear are fixed together; the whole of the swing module and the grinding head module is fixed on the rotating shaft through bolts. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the stepping motor, the rotation of the rotating shaft is controlled, thereby driving the swing module and the grinding head module to make a certain arc orbital motion on the X-Y plane as a whole, thereby realizing the grinding head on the X-Y plane (that is, the working table On the surface) the arc orbit runs to achieve a certain purpose of polishing.

The grinding head shaft is fixed on the right grinding head frame through the left grinding head frame. The left grinding head frame and the right grinding head frame are in semi-cylindrical structure respectively. Next, the swing gear shaft connected to the stepping motor through the key is rotated, and the swing double half gear is driven to rotate through the gear meshing. The structure of the double half gear reduces the meshing gap and saves space, and the swing shaft and The swinging double half gears are fixed together. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the stepping motor, the rotation of the swing shaft is controlled, so that the whole grinding head frame swings at a certain angle on the XZ plane as required, so that the grinding head can be polished according to the set angle to achieve a certain Polishing purpose.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: 1. Multi-degree-of-freedom numerical control machining greatly enhances the surface form of processing, and this one-time multi-degree-of-freedom positioning process improves the precision of mold cavity free-form surface polishing, shortens Auxiliary man-hours reduce processing costs; frequent loading and unloading of workpieces required for multi-variety mold polishing is also very convenient; 2. Multi-degree-of-freedom CNC polishing for a mold cavity requires a small number of operators, low processing costs, and high production efficiency high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front structural schematic diagram of a polishing machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the bed component structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic left view of the bed component structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the Y-Z axis component structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic left view of the Y-Z axis component structure of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the grinding head part of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a left side view of the grinding head part of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the grinding head part of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a grinding head.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a rotary transmission gear.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the swing transmission gear.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 to 11, a mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine includes a bed 26, a workbench 28, a motion mechanism and a grinding head part 3, and the motion mechanism includes an X-axis transmission mechanism, a Y-axis transmission mechanism and a Z-axis transmission mechanism. shaft transmission mechanism, the workbench 28 is installed on the bed 26 through the X-axis transmission mechanism, the Z-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis transmission mechanism through the Z-axis support 8, and the Y-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis transmission mechanism. On the shaft support 8, the Y-axis support 8 is installed on the column support 1, and the column support 1 is installed on the workbench 28;

The X transmission mechanism includes an X-axis control motor 19, an X-axis ball screw 12, an X-axis guide rail slider 30 and two X-axis horizontal guide rails 4. The X-axis control motor 19 is installed on the bed 26, and the two The X-axis horizontal guide rail 4 is fixedly installed on the bed 26, the X-axis guide rail slider 30 is slidably installed on the X-axis horizontal guide rail 4, and the X-axis ball screw 12 is located on two Between the X-axis horizontal guide rails 4, the X-axis ball screw 12 is fixedly installed on the bed 26 through the screw support bases 6, 16, and the output shaft of the X-axis control motor 19 is connected to the X-axis through a coupling 17. Ball screw 12, the X-axis ball screw 12 is connected to the screw nut seat 31 through the X-axis screw nut, and the X-axis guide rail slider 30 and the X-axis screw nut seat 31 are fixedly installed on the workbench 28 bottom of;

The Z-axis transmission mechanism includes a Z-axis control motor 15, a Z-axis ball screw 5, a Z-axis guide rail slider 11 and two Z-axis vertical guide rails 38, and the Z-axis control motor 15 is installed on the Z-axis support 8 Above, the two Z-axis vertical guide rails 38 are fixedly installed on the Z-axis support 8, and the Z-axis guide rail slider 11 is slidably installed on the Z-axis vertical guide rails 38. The Z-axis ball wire The rod 5 is located between two Z-axis vertical guide rails 11, the Z-axis ball screw 5 is connected to the Z-axis screw nut 18, and the output shaft of the Z-axis control motor 15 is connected to the Z-axis ball screw through a coupling 23 The lead screw 5, the Z-axis guide rail slider 11 and the Z-axis lead screw round nut 18 are fixedly installed on the working parts of the polishing machine;

The Y-axis transmission mechanism includes a Y-axis control motor 72, a Y-axis ball screw 7, a Y-axis guide rail slider 39 and two Y-axis guide rails 32, and the Y-axis control motor 72 is installed on the Y-axis support 8 , the two Y-axis horizontal guide rails 32 are fixedly installed on the Y-axis support 8, the Y-axis guide rail slider 39 is slidably installed on the Y-axis guide rail 32, and the Y-axis ball screw 7 Located between the two Y-axis guide rails 32, the Y-axis ball screw 7 is connected to the Y-axis screw round nut seat 37 through the Y-axis screw round nut 73, and the output shaft of the Y-axis control motor 72 is connected through the shaft coupling The device 71 is connected to the Y-axis ball screw 7, and the Y-axis guide rail slider 39 and the Y-axis screw round nut 73 are fixedly installed on the Z-axis support 8. The Y-axis lead screw round nut 73 is fixedly connected with the Y-axis round nut seat 37 through bolts, and the Y-axis lead screw round nut seat 37 is fixedly connected with the Z-axis support 8 through bolts.

The X-axis control motor 19, the Y-axis control motor 72 and the Z-axis control motor 15 are all stepper motors.

The Y-axis transmission mechanism also includes an additional guide rail 76 and an additional guide rail slider 77 for increasing the load capacity, and the two Y-axis guide rails 32 and the Y-axis ball screw 7 are installed on the Y-axis support 8 On the side, the additional guide rail 76 is installed above the Y-axis support 8, and the additional guide rail slider 77 is slidably installed on the additional guide rail 76. The additional guide rail slider 77 is connected to the Z-axis through the hinge support 78. The support 8 is fixedly connected.

The rotary motion mechanism of the grinding head comprises a rotary support 13, a rotary control motor 29, a rotary gear shaft 34, a rotary transmission gear and a rotary shaft 32 fixedly connected with the grinding head, the rotary control motor 29 is installed on the rotary support 13, and the rotary The output shaft of the control motor 29 is connected with the rotation gear shaft 34, and the rotation gear shaft 34 is meshed with the rotation transmission gear, and the rotation transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotation shaft 32, and the rotation shaft 32 is mounted on the rotation shaft 32 through a bearing. on the rotating bracket 13.

The rotation control motor 29 is a stepper motor. The rotary transmission gears are rotary double-plate gears 8 and 9.

The grinding head swing mechanism includes a swing shaft support 38, a swing control motor 75, a swing gear shaft 70, a swing transmission gear, a swing shaft 47 and a grinding head mounting bracket connected to the grinding head, and the swing control motor 75 is installed on the swing shaft support 38, the output shaft of the rotation control motor 75 is connected to the swing gear shaft 70, and the swing gear shaft 70 is engaged with the swing transmission gear, and the swing transmission gear is sleeved on the swing shaft 47, and the swing shaft 47 is connected to the swing transmission gear The grinding head mounting bracket is fixedly connected.

Described swing transmission gear is double half gear 25 and 26. The swing control motor 75 is a stepper motor. The grinding head mounting bracket includes a left grinding head frame 46 and a right grinding head frame 44, the left grinding head frame 46 and the right grinding head frame 44 are in a semi-cylindrical structure respectively, and the left grinding head frame 46 and the right grinding head frame The frame 44 is sleeved on the grinding head shaft 68 , the left grinding head frame 46 is fixedly connected to the right grinding head frame 44 , and the right grinding head frame 44 is fixedly connected to the swing shaft 47 .

The grinding head part also includes a grinding head rotation mechanism, and the grinding head rotation mechanism includes a grinding head shaft 68 for installing the grinding head 49, a DC motor 39 and a DC motor support 38, and the DC motor support 38 is a grinding head mounting bracket , the DC motor is connected with the grinding head shaft 68 through a belt and a pulley.

In this embodiment, under the action of different motors, the workpiece can be polished in different coordinate directions, and the specific implementation is as follows:

Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the realization of the X-axis axial movement of the workpiece on the bed component workbench:

Its structure is: the bed components include a base, a workbench and a transmission module, and an inverted T-shaped slot is opened on the workbench, which can be loaded with various workpiece clamping devices; the bed 26 is provided with X-axis horizontal guide rails 4, X-axis ball screw 12, screw support bases 6 and 16, shaft coupling 17 and X-axis stepping motor 19; and under the workbench 28, an X-axis guide rail slide block 30 and a leading screw matched with the ball screw are arranged The nut seat 31; the lead screw nut seat 31 is fixed under the workbench 28; the X-axis ball screw 12 is mounted on the lead screw support seats 6 and 16; a press-fit type pressure oil injection is provided on the X-axis guide rail slider 30 Cup 10 and oil guide block 11, so as to ensure that the X-axis guide rail slider 30 and the X-axis horizontal guide rail 4 can be well lubricated.

Its working principle is: to realize the working process, under the action of the X-axis control motor 19, the X-axis ball screw 12 is driven to rotate through the coupling 17, driven by the screw nut seat 31 matched with the X-axis screw, The workbench 28 can move smoothly along the X-axis with the assistance of the X-axis horizontal guide rails 4 on both sides, thereby controlling the axial movement of the fixtures and workpieces on the workbench 28 on the X-axis.

Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5, the realization of the lifting control system of the grinding head on the Z axis on the working part:

Its structure is: the Z-axis lifting system is mainly realized by the Z-direction transmission module, mainly including the Z-axis control motor 15, the shaft coupling 23, the Z-axis ball screw 5, and the screw matching the Z-axis ball screw 5. The rod round nut 18, the Z-axis vertical guide rails 38 on both sides and the matching Z-axis guide rail slider 11, the lead screw round nut 18 and the Z-axis guide rail slider 11 are fixedly connected with the rotating and swinging parts by bolts. The Z-axis vertical guide rail 38 supports the full motion of the Z-axis lifting, and the bottom of the Z-axis vertical guide rail 38 is fixed on the Z-direction support 76 by bolts.

Its working principle is: under the action of the Z-axis control motor 15, the Z-axis ball screw 5 is driven to rotate through the coupling 23, so that the screw round nut 18 matched with the Z-axis ball screw 5 moves up and down along the screw , drive the Z-axis guide rail slider 11 to move on the Z-axis vertical guide rail 38, thereby driving the rotating and swinging part 3 (see the assembly structure schematic diagram 1) installed on the lead screw round nut and the Z-axis guide rail slider 11 to move up and down along the Z-axis, That is, the grinding head on the working part slides on the Z-axis vertical guide rail 38 through the Z-axis guide rail slider 11, so that the grinding head on the working part can smoothly move the Z-axis in the Z-axis direction with the support guide rails 38 on both sides. Direction of up and down movement.

The height of the lifting movement of the grinding head depends on the lifting height of the working parts on the Z-axis support.

The realization of the axial movement of the working parts on the Y axis:

Its structure is: the axial movement system of the Y-axis is mainly realized by the Y-axis transmission module, which mainly includes the Y-axis control motor 72, the coupling 71, the Y-axis ball screw 7, and the Y-axis ball screw 7 The matching lead screw round nut 73, the round nut seat 37 connected with the lead screw round nut by bolts, the Y-axis guide rails 32 on both sides and the Y-axis guide rail slider 39 matched therewith; the Y-axis guide rails 32 on both sides The shaft guide rail slider 39 and the round nut seat 37 are fixed together with the Z-axis support 8 by bolts, the bottom of the Y-axis guide rail 32 is fixed on the Y-direction support 8 by bolts, and the Y-direction support 8 is fixed on the Y-direction support 8 by bolts. On the two column supports 1.

Its working principle is: under the action of the Y-axis control motor 72, the Y-axis ball screw 7 is driven to rotate through the coupling 71, so that the screw round nut 73 and the screw round nut matched with the Y-axis ball screw 7 The seat 37 translates along the lead screw, driving the Y-axis guide rail slider 39 to move on the Y-axis guide rail 32, thereby driving the Z-axis support installed on the lead screw round nut seat 37 and the Y-axis guide rail slider 39 to move in the Y direction, That is, the grinding head on the working part slides on the Y-axis guide rail 32 through the Y-axis guide rail slider 39, so that the grinding head on the working part can smoothly move the Y-axis in the Y-axis direction by means of the Y-axis guide rails 39 on both sides. Direction of translational motion.

The arc orbital movement of the grinding head 49 in this embodiment on the X-Y plane is realized by the rotating module.

Its structure is: be made up of rotating bracket 13, stepping motor 29, rotating gear shaft 34, rotating double-plate gear 8 and 9, rotating shaft 32 and supporting with rotating shaft 32.

Its working principle is: under the action of the rotation control motor 29, it drives the rotary motion of the rotary gear shaft 34 that is connected to the rotary control motor 29 through a key, and the gears on the rotary gear shaft 34 drive the rotating double-plate gear 8 and 9 rotation, the structure of the double-plate gear can reduce the gear meshing gap, making the transmission more stable, and the rotating shaft 32 is fixed with the rotating double-plate gear 8 and 9; the whole of the swing module and the grinding head module is fixed by bolts Connected to the rotating shaft 32. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the rotation control motor 29, the rotation of the rotating shaft 32 is controlled, thereby driving the swing module and the grinding head module to perform a certain arc orbital motion on the X-Y plane as a whole, thereby realizing that the grinding head 49 is on the X-Y plane ( That is, the arc orbit on the surface of the worktable runs to achieve a certain purpose of polishing.

The grinding head shaft is fixed on the right grinding head frame 44 through the left grinding head frame 46, and the right grinding head frame 44 is fixed together with the swing shaft 47 through bolts; The swing gear shaft 70 rotates, and drives the swing double half gears 25 and 26 to rotate through gear engagement. The structure of the double half gears reduces the meshing gap and saves space, while the swing shaft 47 and the swing double half gears 25 and 26 are fixed together. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the stepping motor, the rotation of the swing shaft 47 is controlled, so that the whole grinding head frame swings at a certain angle as required on the XZ plane, so that the grinding head 49 is polished at a set angle to achieve Certain polishing purposes.

The polishing of the grinding head 49 within a certain swing angle range is realized by the swing module.

Its structure is: stepper motor 29, swing gear shaft 70, swing shaft 47, swing double-plate gear 25 and 26, grinding head frame a 46 and grinding head frame b 44, swing shaft support 38, DC motor support 40.

The grinding head shaft is fixed on the right grinding head frame 44 through the left grinding head frame 46, and the right grinding head frame 44 is fixed together with the swing shaft 47 through bolts; The swing gear shaft 70 rotates, and drives the swing double half gears 25 and 26 to rotate through gear engagement. The structure of the double half gears reduces the meshing gap and saves space, while the swing shaft 47 and the swing double half gears 25 and 26 are fixed together. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the stepping motor, the rotation of the swing shaft 47 is controlled, so that the whole grinding head frame swings at a certain angle as required on the XZ plane, so that the grinding head 49 is polished at a set angle to achieve Certain polishing purposes.

The grinding head 49 is fixed on the grinding head shaft 68, and the grinding head shaft 68 is connected to the DC motor 39 fixed on the DC motor bracket 40 through a belt and a pulley. Under the action of the DC motor 39 motor, the grinding wheel is driven by the belt and pulley The head shaft 68 rotates around the Z axis, so as to realize the rotation of the grinding head 49 at a certain speed.

Claims (10)

1. A mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine, comprising a bed and a workbench, characterized in that: the polishing machine also includes a kinematic mechanism and a grinding head part, and the kinematic mechanism includes an X-axis transmission mechanism and a Y-axis transmission mechanism and the Z-axis transmission mechanism, the workbench is installed on the bed through the X-axis transmission mechanism, the Z-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis transmission mechanism through the Z-axis support, and the Y-axis transmission mechanism is installed on the Y-axis support On the seat, the Y-axis support is installed on the column support, and the column support is installed on the workbench; The X transmission mechanism includes an X-axis control motor, an X-axis ball screw, an X-axis guide rail slider and two X-axis horizontal guide rails. The X-axis control motor is installed on the bed, and the two X-axis horizontal guide rails Fixedly installed on the bed, the X-axis guide rail slider is slidably installed on the X-axis horizontal guide rail, the X-axis ball screw is located between two X-axis horizontal guide rails, and the X-axis ball screw The rod is fixedly installed on the bed through the X-axis screw support seat, the output shaft of the X-axis control motor is connected to the X-axis ball screw through a coupling, and the X-axis ball screw is connected to the X-axis through the X-axis screw round nut. The shaft lead screw nut seat is connected, and the X-axis guide rail slider and the X-axis lead screw nut seat are fixedly installed at the bottom of the workbench; The Z-axis transmission mechanism includes a Z-axis control motor, a Z-axis ball screw, a Z-axis guide rail slider and two Z-axis vertical guide rails. The Z-axis control motor is installed on the Z-axis support, and the two The Z-axis vertical guide rail is fixedly installed on the Z-axis support, the Z-axis guide rail slider is slidably installed on the Z-axis vertical guide rail, and the Z-axis ball screw is located between the two Z-axis vertical guide rails , the Z-axis ball screw is connected to the Z-axis screw round nut, the output shaft of the Z-axis control motor is connected to the Z-axis ball screw through a coupling, and the Z-axis guide rail slider and the Z-axis screw are round The nut seat is fixedly installed on the grinding head part of the polishing machine; The Y-axis transmission mechanism includes a Y-axis control motor, a Y-axis ball screw, a Y-axis guide rail slider and two Y-axis guide rails. The Y-axis control motor is installed on the Y-axis support, and the two Y-axis guide rails The axis horizontal guide rail is fixedly installed on the Y-axis support, the Y-axis guide rail slider is slidably installed on the Y-axis guide rail, and the Y-axis ball screw is located between the two Y-axis guide rails. The Y-axis ball screw is connected to the Y-axis screw nut seat through the Y-axis screw round nut, the output shaft of the Y-axis control motor is connected to the Y-axis ball screw through a coupling, and the Y-axis guide rail slider and the Y-axis The shaft lead screw round nut seat is fixedly installed on the Z-axis support. 2. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 1, wherein the X-axis control motor, the Y-axis control motor and the Z-axis control motor are all stepping motors. 3. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the Y-axis transmission mechanism also includes an additional guide rail and an additional guide rail slider for increasing the load capacity, and the two The root Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis ball screw are installed on the side of the Y-axis support, the additional guide rail is installed above the Y-axis support, and the additional guide rail slider is slidably installed on the additional guide rail. The additional guide rail slider is fixedly connected with the Z-axis support through the hinge support. 4. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding head part comprises a grinding head rotary motion mechanism, and the grinding head rotary motion mechanism includes a rotating bracket, a rotation control motor, a rotating gear Shaft, rotation transmission gear and rotation shaft fixedly connected with the grinding head, the rotation control motor is installed on the rotation bracket, the output shaft of the rotation control motor is connected with the rotation gear shaft, and the rotation gear shaft meshes with the rotation transmission gear , the rotating transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is mounted on the rotating support through a bearing. 5. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the grinding head part also includes a grinding head rotary motion mechanism, and the grinding head rotary motion mechanism includes a rotating bracket, a rotation control motor, a rotating A gear shaft, a rotation transmission gear and a rotation shaft fixedly connected to the grinding head, the rotation control motor is installed on the rotation bracket, the output shaft of the rotation control motor is connected to the rotation gear shaft, and the rotation gear shaft is connected to the rotation transmission gear meshing, the rotary transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is mounted on the rotary support through bearings. 6. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding head part also includes a grinding head swing mechanism, and the grinding head swing mechanism includes a swing shaft support, a swing control motor, and a swing gear Shaft, swing transmission gear, swing shaft and the grinding head mounting bracket fixedly connected with the grinding head, the rotation control motor is installed on the swing shaft support, the output shaft of the swing control motor is connected with the swing gear shaft, and the swing gear The shaft meshes with the swing transmission gear, the swing transmission gear is sleeved on the swing shaft, and the swing shaft is fixedly connected with the grinding head mounting bracket. 7. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the grinding head part also includes a grinding head swing mechanism, and the grinding head swing mechanism includes a swing shaft support, a swing control motor, and a swing gear Shaft, swing transmission gear, swing shaft and the grinding head mounting bracket fixedly connected with the grinding head, the rotation control motor is installed on the swing shaft support, the output shaft of the swing control motor is connected with the swing gear shaft, and the swing gear The shaft meshes with the swing transmission gear, the swing transmission gear is sleeved on the swing shaft, and the swing shaft is fixedly connected with the grinding head mounting bracket. 8. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: said grinding head mounting bracket comprises a left grinding head frame and a right grinding head frame, and said left grinding head frame and right grinding head frame are respectively in the shape of Semi-cylindrical structure, the left grinding head frame and the right grinding head frame are sleeved on the grinding head shaft, the left grinding head frame is fixedly connected to the right grinding head frame, and the right grinding head frame is fixedly connected to the swing shaft. 9. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the swing transmission gear is a double half gear. 10. The mold free-form surface flexible polishing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the grinding head part also includes a grinding head rotation mechanism, and the grinding head rotation mechanism includes a grinding head shaft for installing the grinding head, a DC motor and a DC motor bracket, the DC motor bracket is a grinding head installation bracket, and the DC motor is connected to the grinding head shaft through a belt and a pulley.

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