CN101232029A - Liquid crystal display panel and its semiconductor array substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid crystal display panel and its semiconductor array substrate. The liquid crystal display panel includes a color filter substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a semiconductor array substrate. The liquid crystal layer is arranged between the two substrates, and the semiconductor array substrate is arranged on one side of the color filter substrate, and includes a transparent substrate, a flat layer, a plurality of pixel electrodes and an opaque layer. The flat layer is covered on the transparent base material, and the pixel electrodes are arranged on the flat layer in an array arrangement, with a gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes. The opaque layer is disposed in the flat layer and located below each gap. Both sides of the opaque layer have extensions extending to both sides of each gap to the part of the pixel electrode below. The thickness of the opaque layer is at least 1/2 of the thickness of the flat layer.

Description

Liquid crystal display panel and its semiconductor array substrate

technical field

The invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel and a semiconductor array substrate thereof, and in particular to an ultra-high aperture ratio liquid crystal display panel and a semiconductor array substrate thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, with the advancement of thinner display technology, various thinner display devices have become the first choice for consumers when purchasing monitors or TVs due to their small size, light weight, low radiation, and low power consumption. Among various thinner display devices, liquid crystal display devices have become one of the most attractive thinner display devices due to their relatively low price and complete product lines on the market. However, with the increasing acceptance of liquid crystal display devices in the market, consumers have increasingly stringent requirements on the picture quality of liquid crystal display devices, such as display brightness and contrast ratio.

At present, the industry has developed a super-high aperture ratio (Super-High Aperture, SHA) liquid crystal display panel. By setting a flat layer in the structure of the thin film transistor substrate, the area of the pixel electrode can be increased to increase the aperture ratio, thereby improving Display contrast and brightness. Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel using ultra-high aperture ratio technology in the prior art. The liquid crystal display panel 100 includes a color filter substrate 110 , a liquid crystal layer 130 and a thin film transistor substrate 150 . In the SHA technology, a planar layer 159 of a high-permeability special resin is disposed between the pixel electrode 161 and the metal wiring (such as the data line 153 ) of the TFT substrate 150 . The flat layer 159 has a flat surface, which can reduce distorted scattering or refraction of the light source. In addition, the flat layer 159 has a thickness to increase the distance between the pixel electrode 161 and the data line (data line) 153, reduce the influence of the capacitive effect between the data line 153 and the pixel electrode 161, and the distance between the pixel electrode 161 and the metal wiring. Risk of short circuit. In this way, the area of the pixel electrode 161 corresponding to each pixel can be increased, thereby increasing the aperture ratio, increasing the display brightness, and further improving the display quality. In addition, the edge of the liquid crystal layer 130 corresponding to the pixel electrode 161 has a plurality of edge electric field regions (edge electric fielded regions) B.

However, during the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display panel 100 , when the color filter substrate 110 and the thin film transistor substrate 150 are assembled, the phenomenon of misalignment is likely to occur. When the color filter substrate 110 is offset from the TFT substrate 150 , the black matrix 117 on the color filter substrate 110 cannot be correctly located above the gap 161 a between adjacent pixel electrodes 161 . In this way, the backlight light D passing through the fringe electric field region B of the liquid crystal layer 130 at a specific angle cannot be blocked by the black matrix 117 . As a result, oblique light leakage occurs in the liquid crystal display panel 100 , resulting in a decrease in display quality.

In order to solve the phenomenon of oblique light leakage caused by pair shift, the current common solution in the industry is to directly increase the width of the black matrix 117 located on the color filter substrate 110, so as to block the backlight penetrating through the fringe electric field region B at a specific angle Ray D. However, increasing the width of the black matrix 117 relatively reduces the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 100 .

Therefore, how to avoid oblique light leakage while increasing the aperture ratio is one of the problems to be solved urgently.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a semiconductor array substrate and a liquid crystal display panel, the opaque layer is arranged in the flat layer between the pixel electrode and the transparent substrate, and the opaque layer is partially It is stacked under the pixel electrodes, so as to avoid oblique light leakage in liquid crystal display panels using semiconductor array substrates, further improve display contrast, and maintain display quality.

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a semiconductor array substrate is provided, which includes a transparent substrate, a flat layer, a plurality of pixel electrodes and an opaque layer. The flat layer is covered on the transparent base material, and the pixel electrodes are arranged on the flat layer in an array, and two adjacent pixel electrodes are separated by a gap. The opaque layer is disposed in the flat layer, and the opaque layer is substantially located below each gap. Both sides of the opaque layer have an extension part, and extend to both sides of each gap to the lower part of the pixel electrode. The thickness of the opaque layer is substantially at least half of the thickness of the planar layer.

Moreover, in order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, another liquid crystal display device is provided, which includes a color filter substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a semiconductor array substrate. The liquid crystal layer is arranged between the semiconductor array substrate and the color filter substrate. The semiconductor array substrate is arranged on one side of the color filter substrate, and includes a transparent substrate, a flat layer, a plurality of pixel electrodes and an opaque layer. The flat layer is covered on the transparent base material, and the pixel electrodes are arranged on the flat layer in an array, with a gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes. The liquid crystal layer has a plurality of fringe electric field regions, and these fringe electric field regions are adjacent to edges of the pixel electrodes. The opaque layer is disposed in the flat layer and is substantially located below each gap, so as to block a backlight light from penetrating through the fringe electric field regions along an angle. Two sides of the opaque layer have an extension, which extends to the sides of each gap to the part of the pixel electrodes below, and protrudes from each fringe electric field region corresponding to each pixel electrode below. The thickness of the opaque layer is substantially at least half of the thickness of the planar layer.

The width of the opaque layer of the present invention is substantially smaller than the width of the opaque layer in the super high aperture ratio (SHA) liquid crystal display panel in the prior art, so the aperture ratio can be increased and the display brightness can be improved. In addition, part of the backlight light penetrating through the liquid crystal display panel along an angle is blocked by the opaque layer and cannot pass through the fringe electric field region. In this way, oblique light transmission can be avoided, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel can be improved. Overall, according to the semiconductor array substrate and the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention, the optical efficiency and display quality can be improved.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel using ultra-high aperture ratio technology in the prior art;

2 shows a side sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel corresponding to a data line in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 respectively depict schematic diagrams of liquid crystal display panels with opaque layers of different widths and thicknesses;

FIG. 6A shows a top view of data lines, scan lines, semiconductor switching elements and pixel electrodes in FIG. 2; and

FIG. 6B is a top view of the pixel electrode and the opaque layer in FIG. 2 .

Among them, reference signs:

100, 200: LCD panel

110, 210: color filter substrate

117: black matrix

130, 230: liquid crystal layer

150, 250, 250’, 250”: thin film transistor substrate

153, 253: data line

159, 259: flat layer

161, 261: pixel electrode

161a, 261a: Clearance

251: transparent substrate

252: scan line

254: Semiconductor switch

255: protective layer

257, 257’, 257”: opaque layer

257a: Extension

B, E: fringe electric field region

D, L: backlight light

t1, t1’, t1”: the thickness of the opaque layer

t2: Thickness of the flat layer

w1, w1’, w1”: the width of the opaque layer

w2: the width of the data line

θ: angle

Detailed ways

According to the embodiments of the semiconductor array substrate and the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention, a flat layer is arranged between the transparent substrate and the pixel electrode, so that the pixel electrode and the data line are separated by a distance, and the pixel electrode partially overlaps the pixel electrode. Above the data line (the above is still in the prior art and is only for illustration). In an embodiment of the present invention, the opaque layer is disposed in the flat layer, and its thickness is at least 1/2 of the thickness of the flat layer. Since the two sides of the opaque layer have extensions, they extend toward the two sides of the gap between adjacent pixel electrodes to the part of the pixel electrodes below, and protrude out of the fringe electric field of the liquid crystal layer below the corresponding pixel electrodes. Therefore, the opaque layer has a sufficient width and thickness to prevent the backlight light from penetrating through the fringe electric field of the liquid crystal layer at an angle, so as to avoid oblique light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel. The following provides detailed descriptions of the embodiments according to the present invention, but the embodiments are only used as examples for illustration and will not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, the drawings in the embodiments also omit unnecessary components to clearly show the technical characteristics of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which shows a side cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display panel 200 includes a color filter substrate 210 , a liquid crystal layer 230 and a semiconductor array substrate 250 . The liquid crystal layer 230 is disposed between the semiconductor array substrate 210 and the color filter substrate 250 . The semiconductor array substrate 250 is disposed on one side of the color filter substrate 210 and includes a transparent substrate 251 , a flat layer 259 , a plurality of pixel electrodes 261 and an opaque layer 257 . The flat layer 259 covers the transparent substrate 251 . The pixel electrodes 261 are arranged in an array on the flat layer 259 , and there is a gap 261 a between every two adjacent pixel electrodes 261 . The liquid crystal layer 230 has a plurality of fringe electric field regions E, and these fringe electric field regions E correspond to edges adjacent to the pixel electrodes 261 . The opaque layer 257 is disposed in the flat layer 259 , and its thickness is substantially at least half of the thickness of the flat layer 259 . The opaque layer 257 is substantially correspondingly located below each gap 261a, and the two sides of the opaque layer 257 respectively have an extension portion 257a, extending to the sides of each gap 261a to the part of the pixel electrode 261 below, and protruding Each fringe electric field region E corresponds to the position below each pixel electrode 261 .

Furthermore, the semiconductor array substrate 250 of this embodiment further includes a plurality of data lines 253 , and these data lines 253 are arranged on the transparent substrate 251 in a manner parallel to each other. Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel corresponding to a data line in FIG. 2 . The opaque layer 257 covers the corresponding data lines 253 , and the width w2 of each data line 253 is at least substantially smaller than or equal to the width w1 of the opaque layer 257 . In this embodiment, the thickness t1 of the opaque layer 257 is substantially half of the thickness t2 of the planar layer 259 , and the width w1 of the opaque layer 257 is larger than the width w2 of the data line 253 . The opaque layer 257 is used to block a backlight light L from penetrating through the fringe electric field region E along an angle θ, so that the backlight light L penetrating through the liquid crystal display panel 200 along the angle θ will not fall into the range of the fringe electric field region E Inside. Therefore, the backlight light L passing through the liquid crystal display panel 200 along the angle θ will not be deflected by the irregularly arranged liquid crystal molecules in the fringe electric field region E, which avoids oblique light leakage from the liquid crystal display panel 200 when displaying images, and can Increase display contrast to further improve display quality.

In addition, the arrangement of the opaque layer 257 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 3 . In this embodiment, changing the thickness t1 of the opaque layer 257 can also be used to change the required width of the opaque layer 257, correspondingly changing the overlapping area of the opaque layer 257 and the pixel electrode 261, and further changing the liquid crystal display. The aperture ratio of the panel 200. Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , which respectively illustrate schematic diagrams of liquid crystal display panels with opaque layers of different widths and thicknesses. In the liquid crystal display panel 200 shown in FIG. 4, the thickness t1' of the opaque layer 257' is greater than half of the thickness t2 of the flat layer 259, and the width w1' of the opaque layer 257' is greater than the width of the data lines. 253. That is, the thickness t1' of the opaque layer 257' in FIG. 4 is greater than the thickness t1 of the opaque layer 257 in FIG. 3 . Since the opaque layer 257' needs to have a sufficient width w1' to block the backlight light L passing through the fringe electric field region E along the angle θ, the opaque layer 257' may have a width smaller than that of the opaque layer 257. w1' is sufficient to block the backlight light L passing through the fringe electric field region E along the angle θ. Furthermore, the thickness t1" of the opaque layer 257" in FIG. That is, the thickness t1" of the opaque layer 257" in Fig. 5 is greater than the thickness t1' of the opaque layer 257' in Fig. 4; the width w1" of the opaque layer 257" in Fig. 5 is greater than that in Fig. The width w1' of the transparent layer 257'. In this way, the backlight light L penetrating through the fringe electric field region E along the angle θ can be blocked, and at the same time, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 200 can be further increased.

In practical applications, when the angle θ is close to about 90 degrees or close to about 180 degrees, it can be regarded as a non-polar phase that passes through the liquid crystal layer 230 (including the aforementioned multiple fringe electric field regions E) along the axial direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 230 . The backlight light L of oblique light leakage. Therefore, the opaque layer 257 in this embodiment is preferably used to block the backlight light L penetrating through the fringe electric field region E along an angle of approximately 45 degrees. Taking the width w2 of the data line 253 as 12 μm as an example, the ratio of the thickness t2 of the flat layer 259 to the thickness t1 of the opaque layer 257 and the actual data of the width w1 of the opaque layer 257 are shown in Table 1 for illustration.

The ratio of the thickness of the flat layer to the thickness of the opaque layer Opaque layer width (μm) 0.5 15 0.6 14.4 0.7 13.8 0.8 13.2 0.9 12.6 1.0 12

Table I

It can be seen from Table 1 that when the ratio of the thickness t2 of the flat layer 259 to the thickness t1 of the opaque layer 257 increases, that is, when the thickness t1 of the opaque layer 257 increases, the width w1 of the opaque layer 257 gradually decreases. When the width w1 of the opaque layer 257 on the transparent substrate 251 is reduced, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is relatively increased. In addition, according to the actual measurement results, under the condition that the width of each data line is about 12 μm, and the opaque layer is arranged on the color filter substrate, the super-high aperture ratio (Super-High Aperture, SHA) liquid crystal display panel, The width of its opaque layer is actually about 16.5 μm. In the liquid crystal display panel 200 of this embodiment, the opaque layer 257 having a thickness t1 at least half of the thickness t2 of the flat layer 259 has a width w1 of at most about 15 μm. Compared with the width of the opaque layer in the prior art, the opaque layer 257 of this embodiment can reduce the area covered on the transparent substrate 251 , relatively increase the aperture ratio, and further improve the optical efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel 20 .

On the other hand, the liquid crystal display panel 200 of this embodiment further includes a plurality of semiconductor switching elements and a plurality of scan lines. Please refer to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B. FIG. 6A shows a top view of the data lines, scan lines, semiconductor switching elements and pixel electrodes in FIG. 2; FIG. 6B shows a top view of the pixel electrodes and the opaque layer in FIG. The pixel electrodes 261 are arranged in an array on the flat layer (not shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B ), and these semiconductor switching elements 254 are also arranged in an array on the transparent substrate 251. Each semiconductor switching element 254 is connected to In the corresponding data line 253 , the corresponding scan line 252 and the corresponding pixel electrode 261 . The semiconductor switching elements 254 are, for example, a plurality of thin-film transistors (Thin-Film Transistor, TFT), and the semiconductor array substrate is, for example, a thin-film transistor substrate (TFT substrate). The scanning lines 252 are arranged between the transparent substrate 251 and the flat layer in parallel to each other. The opaque layer 257 is substantially located above the scan lines 252 and covers the semiconductor switch elements 254 .

In addition, the liquid crystal display panel 200 of this embodiment may optionally include a passivation layer 255 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the protection layer 255 is disposed between the planar layer 259 and the transparent substrate 251 and covers at least the data lines 253 , which can block the erosion of ions in the liquid crystal display panel 200 , improve insulation and slow down electric field interference.

According to the manufacturing method of the semiconductor array substrate of the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to using the conventional photomask manufacturing process to form the scanning line 252 and the data line 253 on the transparent substrate 251, and then after completing the semiconductor switching element 254, reuse, for example, Spin coating is used to coat the opaque material so that it completely covers the transparent substrate 251 and the semiconductor switch 254 . Next, the opaque material corresponding to the positions outside the data lines 253 and the semiconductor switching elements 254, and selectively corresponding to the positions outside the scanning lines 252, is removed by exposure and development, so as to form a patterned opaque material. Optical layer 257. Next, a flat layer 259 with a flat upper surface is formed, and the flat layer 259 at least completely covers the light-proof layer 257 . Then, the pixel electrode 261 is formed on the flat layer 259 . This completes the semiconductor array substrate 250 or 250' as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 . In addition, in the manufacturing process of the semiconductor array substrate 250 or 250' described here, the protective layer 255 can also be optionally formed by sputtering or other conventional manufacturing process steps before coating the opaque material.

In addition, when the thickness t1" of the formed opaque layer 257" is substantially equal to the thickness t2 of the planar layer 259, as shown in FIG. The conventional photomask manufacturing process forms the scanning line 252 and the data line 253 on the transparent substrate 251, and then after the semiconductor switching device 254 is completed, a flat layer 259 is coated by spin coating to completely cover the transparent substrate. Material 251 and semiconductor switch element 254. Then, utilize the mode of exposure and development to remove the flat layer 259 at the place where the opaque layer 257 is to be made (such as the place corresponding to the data line 253 and the semiconductor switch element 254). The method of spin coating fills the opaque material into the place where the planar layer 259 is removed. Then, the opaque material and the planar layer 259 are surface treated by exposure, development and polishing to make the surface Form a flat surface. The opaque material on the same level as the flat layer 259 is the opaque layer 257", as shown in FIG. 5 . Then, the pixel electrode 261 is formed on the planar layer 259 and the opaque layer 257", thus completing the semiconductor array substrate 250' as shown in FIG. Before coating the planarization layer 259, the protective layer 255 is formed by sputtering or other conventional fabrication process steps.

In the above-mentioned semiconductor array substrate and liquid crystal display panel according to the embodiments of the present invention, a flat layer is used to separate the pixel electrodes from the data lines by a certain distance, and the pixel electrodes partially overlap the data lines. The flat layer includes an opaque layer, the width of the opaque layer is at least equal to the width of the corresponding data line, and the thickness of the opaque layer is substantially at least half of the thickness of the flat layer, at most equal to The thickness of the flat layer. The width of the opaque layer in the embodiment of the present invention is substantially smaller than the width of the opaque layer in the prior art super high aperture ratio (SHA) liquid crystal display panel, so the aperture ratio can be increased and the display brightness can be improved. In addition, part of the backlight light penetrating through the liquid crystal display panel along an angle is blocked by the opaque layer and cannot pass through the fringe electric field region. In this way, oblique light transmission can be avoided, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel can be improved. Overall, the semiconductor array substrate and the liquid crystal display panel according to the embodiments of the present invention can improve optical efficiency and display quality.

Certainly, the present invention also can have other multiple embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding Changes and deformations should belong to the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A semiconductor array substrate, characterized in that, comprising: a transparent substrate; a flat layer covering on the transparent substrate; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in an array on the flat layer, with a gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes; and An opaque layer is disposed in the flat layer, the opaque layer is located below each of the gaps, the opaque layer has an extension on both sides, and extends to both sides of each of the gaps to a portion below the pixel electrode; Wherein, the thickness of the opaque layer is at least 1/2 of the thickness of the flat layer. 2. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the opaque layer is at most equal to the thickness of the planar layer. 3. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor array substrate has a plurality of fringe electric field regions adjacent to the edges of the pixel electrodes, and the opaque layer is used to block a backlight light along the An angle penetrates through the fringe electric field regions. 4. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 3, wherein the angle is 45 degrees. 5. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 1, further comprising: A plurality of data lines are arranged on the transparent substrate in a parallel manner, and the opaque layer covers the corresponding data lines; The width of the corresponding data lines covered by the opaque layer is at least equal to the width of each of the data lines. 6. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 5, further comprising: A protective layer is arranged between the flat layer and the transparent substrate, and at least covers the data lines. 7. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 5, further comprising: a plurality of semiconductor switching elements arranged in an array on the transparent substrate, and each of the semiconductor switching elements is connected to the corresponding data line and the corresponding pixel electrode; The opaque layer further covers the semiconductor switching elements. 8. The semiconductor array substrate according to claim 1, further comprising: A plurality of scanning lines are arranged between the transparent substrate and the flat layer in a parallel manner, and the opaque layer is located above the scanning lines. 9. A liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that it comprises: a color filter substrate; a liquid crystal layer having a plurality of fringe electric field regions; and A semiconductor array substrate is arranged on one side of the color filter substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the semiconductor array substrate and the color filter substrate, and the semiconductor array substrate includes: a transparent substrate; a flat layer covering on the transparent substrate; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in an array on the flat layer, each two adjacent pixel electrodes are separated by a gap, and the fringe electric field regions are adjacent to the edges of the pixel electrodes; and An opaque layer, arranged in the flat layer, is used to prevent a backlight light from penetrating through the fringe electric field regions along an angle, the opaque layer is located under each of the gaps, and the opaque layer is two The side has an extension part, and extends to the two sides of each of the gaps to a part of the bottom of the pixel electrode, and protrudes from the bottom of each of the fringe electric field regions corresponding to each of the pixel electrodes. The thickness of the layer is at least one-half the thickness of the planar layer. 10. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the opaque layer is at most equal to the thickness of the flat layer. 11. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein the angle is 45 degrees. 12. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein the semiconductor array substrate further comprises: A plurality of data lines are arranged on the transparent substrate in a parallel manner, and the opaque layer covers the corresponding data lines; The width of the corresponding data lines covered by the opaque layer is at least equal to the width of each of the data lines. 13. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 12, wherein the semiconductor array substrate further comprises: A protective layer is arranged between the flat layer and the transparent substrate, and at least covers the data lines. 14. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 12, wherein the semiconductor array substrate further comprises: a plurality of semiconductor switching elements arranged in an array on the transparent substrate, and each of the semiconductor switching elements is connected to the corresponding data line and the corresponding pixel electrode; The opaque layer further covers the semiconductor switching elements. 15. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein the semiconductor array substrate further comprises: A plurality of scanning lines are arranged between the transparent substrate and the flat layer in a parallel manner, and the opaque layer is located above the scanning lines.

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