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CN101214797B - 一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法 - Google Patents

一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法 Download PDF

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CN101214797B
CN101214797B CN2007103069992A CN200710306999A CN101214797B CN 101214797 B CN101214797 B CN 101214797B CN 2007103069992 A CN2007103069992 A CN 2007103069992A CN 200710306999 A CN200710306999 A CN 200710306999A CN 101214797 B CN101214797 B CN 101214797B
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CN101214797A (zh
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李芳�
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2008/073695 priority patent/WO2009089718A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/083—Torque
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法，能够实现混合动力汽车电池充放电电流的实时限制保护。技术方案：一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法，其特征在于：电池控制系统将高压电池充电或者放电电流限制值反馈给整车控制器，整车控制器根据电流限制值对电机控制单元发出扭矩请求，从而限制高压电池充放电电流。

Description

一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法。
背景技术
当今社会，随着汽车保有量的不断增加，汽车尾气已经成为大气污染的主要来源。燃油汽车尾气排放而引起的空气污染、酸雨、温室效应等环境问题给汽车的发展蒙上了阴影，同时由于石油能源的急剧消耗，使人们在提高完善燃油汽车的同时，更加致力于清洁环保车辆电动汽车的研制和开发。混合动力汽车和纯电动汽车日渐被人们所关注，但是电动汽车的动力源——动力电池组是汽车生产成本最高的一部分，也是限制电动汽车续驶里程的重要因素，很大程度上依赖于电池发展的纯电动汽车在过去几十年的发展过程中并未取得重大突破，而混合动力汽车兼顾内燃机和纯电动汽车的优点，具有低油耗、低排放、长行驶里程等优点，是目前世界各地汽车厂家关注的重点，也是比较切实可行的方案。
在混合动力车上有两个动力源——发动机和电池，要保证系统正常高效的工作及保证系统的耐久性，对这两个动力源的管理是重点。相对于当今电子、信息技术份额迅猛发展而言，高性能蓄电池作为一个世界性的难题进展十分缓慢，因此对电池的管理在现阶段就显得尤为重要。
通常采用的限制电池充放电电流的方法是通过实时采集电池的SOC、电压、温度信号，然后经过试验数据进行查表得到限制扭矩，该方法的实现依赖于大量的试验数据，并随着电池的老化或环境的变化对这些数据要及时进行修正，投入的时间和工作量较大。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于提供一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法，能够实现混合动力汽车电池充放电电流的实时限制保护。
实现本发明的技术方案：
一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法，其特征在于：
电池控制系统将高压电池充电或者放电电流限制值反馈给整车控制器，整车控制器根据电流限制值对电机控制单元发出扭矩请求，从而限制高压电池充放电电流；
整车控制器根据高压电池的电压、电流信号判断电池处于充电状态还是放电状态；
当电池处于充电状态时，整车控制器将实测的电池电压值与电池充电电流限制值相乘得到充电限制功率P1；
附图说明
当实际电流值小于充电电流控制起始值时，输出限制功率Plim it_1即为P1，根据输出限制功率和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值；
具体实施方式
当实际电流值大于充电电流控制起始值时，通过对Ierror＝Ibattery-Icharge_lim it进行PI调节得到扭矩偏差值PPI_1，其中Ibattery为实测电池电流值，Icharge_lim it为电池充电电流限制值，由PPI_1与P1得到最终输出限制功率Plim it_1＝P1+PPI_1，根据输出限制功率Plim it_1和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值；
当电池处于放电状态时，整车控制器将实测的电池电压值与电池放电流限制值相乘得到放电限制功率P2；
当实际电流值小于放电电流控制起始值时，输出限制功率Plimit_2即为P2，根据输出限制功率和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值；
当实际电流值大于放电电流控制起始值时，通过对Ierror＝Ibattery-Idischarge_lim it进行PI调节得到扭矩偏差值PPI_2，其中Ibattery为实测电池电流值，Idischarge_lim it为电池放电电流限制值，由PPI_2与P2得到最终输出限制功率Plim it_2＝P2+PPI_2，根据输出限制功率Plim it_2和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值。
本发明具有的有益效果：
由于本发明是用整车控制器对充放电电流进行实时监控，根据电流的变化控制电机的输出扭矩，从而将电池电流限制在正常工作的范围内，所以本发明能够节省大量的工作量，并且达到更好的电池充放电电流限制保护效果。
附图为现有混合动力车系统结构框图。
如图1所示，为现有的混合动力车系统结构，电池控制系统BMS将电池相关参数反馈给整车控制器HCU，整车控制器HCU收到动力请求后，向发动机管理系统EMS和电机控制单元MCU发出扭矩请求，电机、发动机的输出扭矩和电机的输出扭矩叠加提供整车需求的扭矩，将合成的扭矩输送到传动系统，最终传送到车轮，驱动汽车行驶。整车控制器HCU向电机控制单元MCU发出的扭矩请求大小决定高压电池充放电电流的大小，本发明就是通过对该扭矩请求的限制，实现对电池充放电电流的限制保护。
整车控制器HCU根据高压电池的电压、电流信号判断电池处于充电状态还是放电状态，当电流为正值时电池处于放电状态，当电流为负值时电池处于充电状态。
1、当电池处于充电状态时，整车控制器HCU将实测的电池电压值与电池充电电流限制值相乘得到充电限制功率P1；
当实际电流值小于充电电流控制起始值时(起始值在试验中根据电池特性确定)，输出限制功率Plim it_1即为P1，根据输出限制功率和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元MCU最终发出的扭矩请求值。
当实际电流值大于充电电流控制起始值时，通过Ierror＝Ibattery-Icharge_lim it进行PI调节得到扭矩偏差值PPI_1，其中Ibattery为实测电池电流值，Icharge_lim it为电池充电电流限制值，
由PPI_1与P1得到最终输出限制功率Plim it_1＝P1+PPI_1，根据输出限制功率Plim it_1和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元MCU最终发出的扭矩请求值。
2、当电池处于放电状态时，整车控制器HCU将实测的电池电压值与电池放电流限制值相乘得到放电限制功率P2；
当实际电流值小于放电电流控制起始值时(起始值在试验中根据电池特性确定)，输出限制功率Plimit_2即为P2，根据输出限制功率和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元MCU最终发出的扭矩请求值。
当实际电流值大于放电电流控制起始值时，通过Ierror＝Ibattery-Idischarge_lim it进行PI调节得到扭矩偏差值PPI_2，其中Ibattery为实测电池电流值，Idischarge_lim it为电池放电电流限制值，
由PPI_2与P2得到最终输出限制功率Plim it_2＝P2+PPI_2，根据输出限制功率Plim it_2和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值。

Claims (1)

1.一种混合动力汽车电池充放电电流限制保护方法，其特征在于：
电池控制系统将高压电池充电或者放电电流限制值反馈给整车控制器，整车控制器根据电流限制值对电机控制单元发出扭矩请求，从而限制高压电池充放电电流；
整车控制器根据高压电池的电压、电流信号判断电池处于充电状态还是放电状态；
当电池处于充电状态时，整车控制器将实测的电池电压值与电池充电电流限制值相乘得到充电限制功率P1；
当实际电流值小于充电电流控制起始值时，输出限制功率Plimit_1即为P1，根据输出限制功率和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值；
当实际电流值大于充电电流控制起始值时，通过对Ierror＝Ibattery-Icharge_limit进行PI调节得到扭矩偏差值PPI_1，其中Ibatery为实测电池电流值，Icharge_limit为电池充电电流限制值，由PPI_1与P1得到最终输出限制功率Plimit_1＝P1+PPI_1，根据输出限制功率Plimit_1和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值；
当电池处于放电状态时，整车控制器将实测的电池电压值与电池放电流限制值相乘得到放电限制功率P2；
当实际电流值小于放电电流控制起始值时，输出限制功率Plimit_2即为P2，根据输出限制功率和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值；
当实际电流值大于放电电流控制起始值时，通过对Ierror＝Ibattery-Idischarge_limit进行PI调节得到扭矩偏差值PPI_2，其中Ibattery为实测电池电流值，Idischarge_limit为电池放电电流限制值，由PPI_2与P2得到最终输出限制功率Plimit_2＝P2+PPI_2，根据输出限制功率Plimit_2和电机角速度计算得到限制扭矩值，将这个限制扭矩值与整车控制器接收的请求扭矩比较，较小值即为整车控制器向电机控制单元最终发出的扭矩请求值。
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