CN101209744A - An anchoring device that effectively transfers wave potential energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy for a monitoring system in a specific sea area. The uppermost end of the device is a floating sea surface buoy, and the lower end of the sea surface buoy is connected with an anchoring injection-molded steel cable, and the lower end of the anchoring steel cable reaches the seabed. There are tensioning hammers, storage chains and heavy anchor blocks in sequence. The sea surface buoy has a floating body fluid shape with good wave performance; the rigidity and toughness of the anchor injection molded steel cable are just right, and it has good corrosion resistance and certain tensile resistance; the tension hammer can make the anchor injection molded steel cable The water should be in a state of vibrating up and down as much as possible. In this way, the sea surface buoy in the device of the present invention rises and falls synchronously with the waves, thereby driving the anchoring steel cable connected with it below to vibrate up and down, so that the sea surface wave potential energy is transmitted to the underwater preset depth. The storage chain of more than 20 meters can ensure that the entire anchoring device can still effectively transmit the potential energy of sea surface waves under the extreme water depth of high tide and low tide.

Description

An anchoring device that effectively transfers wave potential energy

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the technical field of a fixed-point vertical lift profile measurement system in regional ocean monitoring. Specifically, it is an anchoring device that effectively transmits wave potential energy for long-term, fixed-point, real-time, and three-dimensional monitoring systems in specific sea areas.

Background technique:

In marine environment monitoring and resource investigation, long-term, fixed-point, real-time, and three-dimensional monitoring of the marine dynamic environment in specific sea areas is often required, that is, fixed-point vertical lifting of different parameters (such as temperature, salinity, flow velocity, and optical characteristics) in the ocean water body Profile measurement, hoping to achieve unattended all-weather long-term, continuous, fixed-point observation in harsh environments, and realize automatic three-dimensional monitoring of marine environmental parameters in a simple way, so as to better serve oceanographic research, offshore oil and gas exploration and development and oceanographic research. Services such as military activities. To establish such a self-sustaining long-term continuous observation system of ocean vertical profile elements, one of the key technologies is to establish a vertical fixed-point anchoring system at sea. An anchoring device in the traditional sense is a positioning device used for floating or suspended equipment in the water or marine industry. Such as ship anchor, it is usually described as inserting into the bottom of seabed, lake bottom, river bottom, or other currents, to fix the large or heavy equipment of ship or other floating equipment. Traditional ship anchors have hooks, flukes or barbs that are inserted into or caught in the submerged ground to complete the anchoring action. Also, anchors for stabilizing or securing boats or other floating devices while they are positioned in the water have been developed over the years. Over the years, improvements have been made in the structural design of anchors to make them easier to handle or transport, and to make it easier for the anchors to reach the bottom of the waterway or other underwater surfaces. Some examples of these improvements can be seen in U.S. Patent No. 4,972,793 entitled "Anchor" by Sakai, U.S. Patent No. 4,397,257 by Colin entitled "Sea Anchors Especially for Large Vessels" and U.S. Patent No. 4,397,257 by Wright entitled "Anchor or Regarding Anchor No. 1067382 of the British published patent document of the improved device of ". The disadvantage of the above-mentioned prior art is that the improvement is only considered from the perspective of positioning, and it does not have the function of effectively transmitting the potential energy of sea surface waves underwater except for the positioning function.

Invention content:

The object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, so as to solve problems such as how to effectively transmit sea surface wave potential energy underwater.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

An anchoring device that effectively transmits wave potential energy, the device includes sea surface buoys, anchoring injection molded steel cables, tension hammers, storage chains and heavy anchor blocks; the upper end of the anchoring device is a floating sea surface buoy, which The lower end of the anchoring injection cable is connected to the anchoring injection cable, and the tension hammer, the storage chain and the heavy anchor block are connected in sequence between the lower end of the anchoring injection cable and the seabed; the device transmits the wave potential energy to the anchoring injection cable, thereby Drive the movement of the underwater measurement platform installed on it.

In the above-mentioned anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, the central axis of the floating ball on the sea surface is pierced with a floating ball central axis pulling tube from top to bottom, and the anchor light is fixed on the upper end of the floating ball central axis pulling tube.

In the anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, the floating ball on the sea surface is composed of an upper hemispherical shell and a lower hemispherical shell welded together. The upper and lower ends of the ball are welded with floating ball outer reinforcing ribs and floating ball ∪-shaped lifting rings.

In the above-mentioned anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, the lower end of the floating ball on the sea surface is connected to an anchoring injection-moulded steel cable through a ball cable connecting ring.

In the above-mentioned anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, the lower end of the anchoring injection-molded steel cable is connected to the tension hammer through the cable hammer connecting ring.

The anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, the tensioning hammer includes a tensioning hammer central shaft, a small lead weight in the form of a circular frustum, a large lead weight in the shape of a circular frustum, a cylindrical lead weight, a disc-shaped supporting plate, and a disc-shaped supporting plate. The plate is welded on the lower part of the central shaft of the tensioning hammer, and the symmetrically arranged small lead weights in the shape of a circular platform, large lead weights in the shape of a circular platform, and cylindrical lead weights are sequentially strung on the central shaft of the tensioning hammer to form a streamlined tensioning hammer together.

In the above-mentioned anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, the lower end of the tensioning hammer is connected to the storage chain through the hammer-chain connection mechanism, and the end of the storage chain is connected to the heavy anchor block through the connecting ring.

The invention is mainly an automatic observation system device for long-term acquisition of marine environment parameters in a specific seawater area. In addition to its anchoring function, it also has the function of effectively transmitting the potential energy of sea surface waves to the bottom of the sea, thereby driving the underwater measurement platform to step down. The latter function is the more important function of this anchoring device.

More specifically, the anchoring device of the present invention can move up and down with the ups and downs of the waves, thereby converting the potential energy of the waves into the energy of the cables, and then driving the measuring platform to move vertically. To achieve this purpose, the present invention includes anchor lights, sea surface floats, link mechanisms, injection molded steel cables, tension hammers, storage chains, anchor blocks, and the like. The anchor light of the present invention is located above the floating ball on the sea surface. The floating ball on the sea surface floats on the sea surface. Nearly half of its volume is exposed to the water surface. Connect the tensioning hammer to make the injection-molded steel cable hang straight, and the lower end is close to the seabed, and then the tensioning hammer is connected with the anchor block sunk in the seabed through the storage chain.

According to the present invention, the feature of the device is: (1) the sea surface floating body is designed to meet the requirements of seawater corrosion resistance, anti-overturning, stability and good wave followability, especially the ups and downs of the buoy body with the waves. The motion state is as synchronized as possible with the undulating movement of the sea surface waves. At the same time, the sea surface floating ball adopts the structure of adding internal and external reinforcement ribs, which increases the tensile performance and ensures that the floating ball does not deform; (2) the anchoring cable is passed Specially made injection-molded steel cables, the inner core is high-quality steel wire rope, and the outer surface is treated with injection molding. Its rigidity and toughness must be just right, and it has certain tensile properties and high corrosion resistance. It is also immersed in seawater. The surface friction coefficient can also meet the special requirements of the system; (3) The tension hammer in the anchoring system is attached to the lower part of the guide cable to play the role of straightening the guide cable. It adopts a streamlined design. It is composed of a cylindrical or frustum-shaped lead brick with a hole in the center and is sleeved on the central shaft, which can effectively make the anchor cable in a suspended state that can vibrate up and down; (4) The storage chain more than 20 meters long can ensure The entire anchoring system can still make the buoy float on the sea surface under the condition of ebb and flow and large wind and waves at sea, effectively transmitting the wave potential energy of the sea surface. (5) Anchor lights can make passing ships and other marine vehicles notice the existence of buoys at night, thereby preventing the entire anchoring device from being damaged by ships.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The uppermost end of the anchoring device of the present invention is a floating sea surface buoy, the lower end of the sea surface buoy is connected with an anchoring injection molded steel cable, and the lower end of the anchoring steel cable is connected with a tensioning hammer, a storage chain and Heavy anchor block. The sea surface buoy has a floating fluid shape with good wave performance; the rigidity and toughness of the anchoring injection molded steel cable are just right, and it has good corrosion resistance and certain tensile resistance; the tension hammer can make the anchoring injection molded steel cable The water should be in a state of vibrating up and down as much as possible. Like this, the sea surface buoy in the anchoring device of the present invention rises and falls synchronously with the waves, thereby driving the anchoring steel cable stretched straight by the tension hammer below it to vibrate up and down, so that the potential energy of the sea surface waves is transmitted to the water. Lower preset depth. The storage chain of more than 20 meters can ensure that the entire anchoring device can still effectively transmit the wave potential energy of the sea surface under the extreme water depth of high tide and low tide; suitable heavy anchor blocks can play the function of positioning the entire system. This solves the most critical technical problem of energy supply in the unmanned self-supporting fixed-point vertical lifting profile measurement system.

2. Since the measurement platform needs to rely on the ever-present wave energy on the sea surface, it moves up and down below the water surface, and the conversion of wave energy depends on the anchoring device that effectively transmits wave potential energy mentioned in the present invention. Therefore, fundamentally speaking, the present invention is a fixed-point anchoring device in water, but it is completely different from traditional anchoring devices in water. The device is used to transfer the wave potential energy to the anchor injection cable, thereby driving the movement of the underwater measurement platform erected on it.

3. The present invention is a brand-new improvement to the traditional underwater anchoring device, and it is a development of its function. In addition to the positioning function, it also has the function of effectively transmitting the potential energy of sea surface waves underwater.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural composition diagram of an anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the sea surface buoy in Fig. 1 of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is A direction view in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the B direction view in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the tensioning hammer in Fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a side view of the component connecting rod in Fig. 5;

In the figure, 1 anchor light; 2 floating ball outer reinforcing rib; 3 floating ball ∪ type suspension ring; 4 upper hemispherical shell; 5 lower hemispherical shell; Tendon; 9 ball cable connecting ring; 10 anchoring injection molded steel cable; 11 underwater measuring platform; 12 cable hammer connecting ring; 13 tensioning hammer; 14 hammer chain connecting mechanism; 15 storage chain; ring.

18 Tensioning hammer central shaft rod; 19 Small lead weights in the shape of a round platform; 20 Large lead weights in the shape of a round table; 21 Cylindrical lead weights; 22 Disc-shaped pallets.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the present invention consists of an anchor light 1, a floating ball outer reinforcing rib 2, a floating ball ∪ type suspension ring 3, an upper hemispherical shell 4, a lower hemispherical shell 5, a floating ball center shaft pull tube 6, and a sea surface buoy Ball 7, internal reinforcing rib of floating ball 8, ball cable connection ring 9, anchor injection cable 10, underwater measurement platform 11, cable hammer connection ring 12, tension hammer 13, hammer chain connection mechanism 14, storage chain 15, Heavy object anchor block 16, connecting ring 17, tensioning hammer middle axle bar 18, round truncated small lead weight 19, round truncated large lead weight 20, cylindrical lead weight 21, disc-shaped supporting plate 22 form. The specific composition structure is as follows:

The entire anchoring system consists of three major parts from top to bottom, namely: sea surface buoy system, anchoring cable and bottom anchor. Among them, the components of the sea surface buoy system are anchor lights 1, sea surface floats 7 (it is also composed of float outer reinforcement ribs 2, float ∪ type suspension rings 3, upper hemispherical shells 4, lower hemispherical shells 5, and float center shafts Stiffener 8 is jointly formed in draw tube 6, floating ball), and ball cable connecting ring 9. The anchoring cable system is an anchoring injection-molded steel cable 10 suspended from the near-sea surface to the bottom near the tide, and a cable hammer connection ring 12, and the underwater measurement platform 11 is attached to the anchoring injection-molded steel cable 10. The bottom anchor consists of a heavy anchor block 16, a storage chain 15, and a tension hammer 13 (it is composed of a tension hammer middle shaft rod 18, a small lead block 19 in the shape of a round table, a large lead block in the shape of a round table 20, and a cylinder. Shape lead weight 21, disc-shaped supporting plate 22 form), and hammer chain connection mechanism 14 and connecting ring 17 (hammer chain connection mechanism 14 adopts ∪ type ring).

The manufacturing process of the sea surface floating ball 7 is as follows: firstly, the steel plate is pressed into a spherical valve and welded to form the upper hemispherical shell 4 and the lower hemispherical shell 5, and the inside of the upper hemispherical shell 4 and the lower hemispherical shell 5 are fixed with the reinforcing ribs 8 in the floating ball. The two hemispheres of the upper hemispherical shell 4 and the lower hemispherical shell 5 are stitched and welded together, connected to the floating ball axis pull pipe 6, and then welded with the floating ball outer reinforcing rib 2 and the floating ball ∪ type suspension ring 3. Finally, spray paint on its outer surface for anti-corrosion treatment. Each hemisphere is made of orange segments. Processing the spherical shell plate is an important process for manufacturing the floating ball. At present, the workers generally cut the steel plate by hand before pressing it, and then draw the line and cut it. Due to the plastic deformation of the spherical shell plate during the pressing process. The size of the spherical shell plate processed by manual method is not too accurate. After the upper hemispherical shell 4 and the lower hemispherical shell 5 are tailor-welded, they need to be polished and corrected, and finally the sea surface floating ball 7 is tailor-welded. Also put battery on the inside of the floating ball central axis drawing tube 6, and fix the anchor light 1 at the upper end of the floating ball central axis drawing tube 6.

The tensioning hammer 13 is a streamlined weight block suspended at the lower end of the anchoring injection molded steel cable 10. In order to facilitate handling and delivery, the whole tensioning hammer weight block is decomposed into two symmetrical small lead blocks 19, 19 and 19. Two round platform-shaped large lead weights 20, two cylindrical lead weights 21, they are set on the tension hammer central shaft rod 18 in turn, and the tension hammer central shaft rod 18 bottom is welded with a disc-shaped supporting plate 22, which will Be enclosed within each weight block of tension hammer middle shaft rod 18 and support, each weight block is strung on tension hammer middle shaft rod 18 just to form streamlined tension hammer 13.

The principle of the entire anchoring device to transmit the wave potential energy is: through calculation and design, the positive buoyancy of the sea surface buoyancy 7 is reasonably controlled, so that about half of the volume of the sea surface buoyancy 7 is exposed to the water surface; , determine the length of the anchoring injection molding steel cable 10, guarantee that under normal sea conditions, the tension hammer 13 suspended below the anchoring injection molding steel cable 10 has a distance of several meters away from the seabed, so that the storage chain 15 is in a semi-suspension state (i.e. Storage chain 15 half is suspended above the seabed, and half is dragged on the seabed), and the weight of the heavy object anchor block 16 is reasonably selected, which is not only convenient for dropping, but also ensures positioning. The floating sea surface float 7 has an upward pulling force to the anchoring injection cable 10, and the tension hammer 13 and part of the storage chain 15 connected to the lower end of the anchoring injection cable 10 have a downward pulling force on it, as long as it is reasonable By selecting the size of the sea surface buoyant ball 7 and the weight of the tension hammer 13 and the storage chain 15, the anchoring injection molded steel cable 10 can be suspended in the water as much as possible. When the waves undulate, the sea surface buoy 7 moves along with the ups and downs, so that the anchoring injection cable 10 connected to the sea surface buoy 7 shakes up and down, thereby effectively transmitting the sea surface wave potential energy to reach the bottom of the sea. When the tide is high or low, the depth of sea water at the anchorage site fluctuates greatly. For example, when the tide is high, the sea level will rise by more than ten meters or even twenty meters. If the whole anchoring cable system is in a suspended state from the sea surface to the bottom of the sea when the tide is not high, the sea surface float 7 will be submerged underwater when the tide rises. , then at this time the sea surface buoy 7 can’t fluctuate with the waves, and the whole anchoring device can’t even talk about transmitting wave potential energy. A steel storage chain 15 with a length of more than 20 meters is connected in between, so that when the tide rises, the storage chain 15 will be straightened, so that the sea surface buoy 7 continues to float on the sea surface and move with the waves, and the whole system can continue to transmit waves Can; When the tide ebbs, most of the storage chain 15 touches the seabed, and at this moment, the anchoring injection molded steel cable 10 is still in a relatively straight state by the effect of the tension hammer 13. It can be seen that the storage chain 15 serves the purpose of indirectly increasing or shortening the length of the anchoring injection molding steel cable 10 when needed.

The present invention rationally designs the size and mass moment of inertia of the sea surface buoy 7 so that the self-oscillating period of the sea surface buoy 7 is close to the period of the common waves at sea (generally considered to be 4 to 8 s) and resonates, thereby causing the buoy to generate Larger up and down vibrations. The floating body on the sea surface is designed in a spherical shape, which not only ensures the stability of the system, but also enhances the wave-following performance of the floating body. The introduction of the tensioning hammer 13 can make the anchoring injection molded steel cable 10 in the state of vibrating up and down as much as possible in the water, so as to transmit the wave potential energy more effectively. The storage chain 15 is added, so that the sea surface buoy 7 can still be in a floating state under the limit water depth during high tide and low tide, and the whole anchoring device can still transmit the sea surface wave potential energy. Appropriate selection of the heavy anchor block 16 can achieve the function of positioning the entire system.

Claims (7)

1. An anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy, characterized in that: the device includes sea surface floating balls (7), anchoring injection molded steel cables (10), tension hammers (13), storage chains (15) and heavy objects Anchor block (16); the upper end of the anchoring device is a floating sea surface buoy (7), and its lower end is connected with the anchoring injection molding steel cable (10), between the anchoring injection molding steel cable (10) lower end and the seabed The tensioning hammer (13), the storage chain (15) and the heavy anchor block (16) are connected in sequence; this device transmits the wave potential energy to the anchor injection cable (1 0), thereby driving the water installed on it The lower measuring platform (11) moves. 2. According to the anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the central axis of the sea surface floating ball (7) is worn with a floating ball central axis drawing tube (6) from top to bottom, and the anchor light ( 1) It is fixed on the upper end of the center shaft pull tube (6) of the floating ball. 3. According to the anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sea surface buoy (7) is composed of an upper hemispherical shell (4) and a lower hemispherical shell (5) welded together, and the upper The inside of the hemispherical shell (4) and the lower hemispherical shell (5) are welded with internal reinforcing ribs (8) of the floating ball, and the upper and lower ends of the floating ball (7) on the sea surface are welded with external reinforcing ribs (2) and U-shaped floating balls. Rings (3). 4. The anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the sea surface floating ball (7) is connected to the anchoring injection molded steel cable (10) through the ball cable connecting ring (9). 5. The anchoring device for efficiently transmitting wave potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the anchoring injection molded steel cable (10) is connected to the tensioning hammer (13) through the cable hammer connecting ring (12). 6. The anchoring device for efficiently transmitting wave potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tension hammer (13) comprises a tension hammer central shaft (18), a small lead block (19) in the shape of a truncated cone, a Large aluminum block (20), cylindrical lead weight (21), disc-shaped supporting plate (22), the disc-shaped supporting plate (22) is welded on the lower part of the shaft rod (18) in the tension hammer, and the round table is arranged symmetrically Shape small lead weight (19), round table-shaped large lead weight (20), cylindrical lead weight (21) are strung on the tensioning hammer middle shaft rod (18) successively, constitute streamlined tensioning hammer (13) jointly. 7. According to the anchoring device for effectively transmitting wave potential energy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower end of the tensioning hammer (13) is connected to the storage chain (15) through the hammer chain connection mechanism (14), and the storage chain (15) The end connects heavy object anchor piece (16) by connecting ring (17) again.

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