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CN101178175A - Lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler - Google Patents

Lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101178175A
CN101178175A CNA2007101353439A CN200710135343A CN101178175A CN 101178175 A CN101178175 A CN 101178175A CN A2007101353439 A CNA2007101353439 A CN A2007101353439A CN 200710135343 A CN200710135343 A CN 200710135343A CN 101178175 A CN101178175 A CN 101178175A
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China
Prior art keywords
oil
pipe
heat
pulverized coal
phase powder
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Pending
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CNA2007101353439A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王文举
唐鹏程
任国宏
高克迎
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XUZHOU COMBUSTION CONTROL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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XUZHOU COMBUSTION CONTROL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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Priority to CNA2007101353439A priority Critical patent/CN101178175A/en
Publication of CN101178175A publication Critical patent/CN101178175A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a lean oil thermal reinforcement burning starting device for a pulverized coal boiler. A pulverized coal thermal reinforcement cracking pre-burning chamber is provided with a first wind pipe which is used for wind feeding. The left part of the first wind pipe is provided with a bent pipe and the right part thereof is provided with a straight pipe. A tube-shaped lean oil thermal reinforcement oil burner and an oil long fire feeding pipe which is connected with the tube-shaped lean oil thermal reinforcement oil burner extend to an entrance segment of a dense phase powder thermal reinforcement cracking burning pipe after passing through the first wind pipe. The left end of the dense phase powder thermal reinforcement cracking burning pipe is butt-jointed with the oil long fire feeding pipe, and the right end thereof is respectively connected with a thin phase powder thermal reinforcement cracking burning pipe and a thin phase powder wind-cooling pipe. The periphery of the dense phase powder thermal reinforcement cracking burning pipe is surrounded and connected by a secondary wind case for feeding air. The invention is characterized in that the existing oil burner is replaced by the pulverized coal burner which can be fired with extremely small quantity of oil during the firing, combustion-supporting and stable burning processes of the pulverized coal boiler, thereby greatly saving the fuel with an oil conservation rate of more than 95 percent, a pulverized coal burn-off rate of more than 90 percent and a flame temperature of 1800 DEG C. besides, the invention has the advantages of high burning efficiency, quick burning speed and strong wind resistance capability.

Description

Lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to the startup burner and the load peak regulation unit burner of generating plant pulverized coal boiler, a kind of lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler.
Background technology
At present, general sparking mode was when coal burning boiler of power station started: put oil burner with igniter earlier and (be commonly called as oil gun, single Oil Gun is 0.8~2t/h), heat up, boost, when each relevant parameter of boiler reaches the requirement of throwing powder, start pulverized coal preparation system and coal burner, realize load carrying; When boiler load is reduced to 50% left and right sides, also must throws the steady combustion of oil and could guarantee that boiler normally moves.The fired power generating unit of a 300MW generally has five layers of coal burner, and below each layer of the three layers of coal burner in bottom, each arranges one deck oil burner, four every layer, single 1.8t/h that only exerts oneself, unit are the cold conditions igniting, each with the about 100t of oil, during peak regulation, it is combustion-supporting also need to start the oil gun oil spout at every turn.According to statistics, power system is used for station boiler igniting, steady combustion every year, combustion-supportingly reaches nearly ten million ton with innage, accounts for 15% of the total oil firing amount in the whole nation, is worth tens billion of units, has consumed a large amount of oily resources.
In order to economize on oil in station boiler igniting, steady combustion, in combustion-supporting, many in recent years units development test small oil gun (single only 0.2~0.6t/h) igniting, not only very undesirable, also can cause the wasting of resources, environmental pollution.
In addition, present stage the thermal power unit boiler great majority still adopt the mechanical pressure atomized oil gun as incendiary source, according to incompletely statistics, the quantity that thermal power unit boiler starting fluid oil is wasted in this respect is also very big.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problem that present station boiler igniting exists, the invention provides a kind of lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler, when can reaching boiler startup, early throws in this device the purpose that powder is thrown this saving of oil and alternative fuel oil less, and rate of economizing gasoline is greater than 95%.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler, and it comprises that oil-poor heat is strengthened oil burner 21 and coal dust heat is strengthened cracking precombustion chamber two large divisions; Coal dust heat is strengthened the airduct 22 that the cracking precombustion chamber has an air-supply, and its left part is a bend pipe, and right part is a straight tube, and the oil-poor heat of tubulose is strengthened the oil length of oil burner 21 and connection and sent fire tube 24, passes the bend pipe wall of an airduct 22; Axial extend to the entrance that concentrated phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube 26, right-hand member top in airduct 22 elbow is equipped with elbow impact block 23; The left end that concentrated phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube 26 send fire tube 24 to dock with oil is long, right-hand member strengthens cracking combustion tube 27 with the light heat of powder mutually respectively and light phase powder air cooling pipe 28 connects, on its inner circumferential, Pulverized Coal Concentration piece 25 is installed, its periphery is surrounded by secondary air box 29 connects air feed, oil is long to send fire tube 24 to strengthen cracking 26 entrances that burn in concentrated phase powder heat, by flame ignition concentrated phase section coal dust herein, pulverized coal flame is under 25 effects of Pulverized Coal Concentration piece, after the compression overheavy firing, be injected in the light phase powder heat reinforcement cracking combustion tube 27 and light light phase powder, this coal dust compresses overheavy firing equally, in the wind one superhigh speed ejection burner hearth in the last and light air cooling of the powder mutually pipe 28 of flame, burning finally all burns.
Its beneficial effect is: because the present invention is in pulverized coal boiler ignition, combustion-supporting, surely combustion process, the coal burner that fires with the oil drop of minute quantity replaces existing oil burner, so saved fuel oil greatly, rate of economizing gasoline is greater than 95%.Because oily strengthening preheating chamber 5 and air film wind air compartment 6 have the effect from pre-heat effect and Venturi type flame impingement piece, fuel oil obtains refluxing and heats and fully gasification, completing combustion under gaseous state, the coal dust burnout rate reaches more than 90%, flame temperature is up to 1800 degree, the efficiency of combustion height, burning velocity is fast, and wind loading rating is strong.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments;
Fig. 1: oil-poor heat is strengthened the oil burner structure chart;
Fig. 2: coal dust heat is strengthened cracking pre-combustion chamber figure;
Among the figure, 1 oil inlet pipe, 2 housings, 3 air atomizers, 4 electric igniters, oily strengthening preheating chambers 5,6 air film wind air compartments, 7 oil-poor rifles, 8 blast pipes, 9 compressed air inlets pipe, 10 oily flame detectors, 21 oil burners, 22 airducts, 23 elbow impact blocks, 24 oil are long to send fire tube, 25 Pulverized Coal Concentration pieces, and 26 concentrated phase powder heat is strengthened the cracking combustion tube, 27 light phase powder heat are strengthened cracking combustion tube, 28 light phase powder air cooling pipes, 29 secondary air box.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, oil-poor heat is strengthened the double Shell 2 that oil burner 21 has a tubbiness, the sealing of housing 2 one ends, an end opening is at closed end, oil inlet pipe 1 and compressed air enter pipe 9 and penetrate end wall, parallel respectively to the insertion housing in fixing, compressed air enters pipe 9 and bends towards in the housing 2, order is connected with oil-poor rifle 7, air atomizer 3 and the electric igniter 4 that axially install the center, air atomizer 3 the place aheads are the air film air compartment 6 and the oily strengthening preheating chamber 5 of 2~3 grades of porous nested structures; In a side of housing 2 closed ends, there is oblique blast pipe 8 to connect, this blast pipe 8 is connecting the passage between the double Shell 2, and it is combustion-supporting to form the Venturi tube air feed with axial flow structure; The combustion process of this oil-poor reinforcement oil burner 21 is: fuel oil is by oil inlet pipe 1, pass through oily strengthening preheating chamber 5 again, through the just dismounting filter in the oil-poor rifle 7 rifle heads, under the final nozzle (centrifugal pressure atomizer) and Compressed Air Nebulizer 3 effects in the rifle head, produce high-speed jet, and formation mist of oil, lighted by electric igniter 4 pilot sparks, this combustion flame is by behind the oily strengthening preheating chamber 5, fuel oil is heated rapidly, the violent overheavy firing in ejection back, because heat is strengthened the effect from pre-heat effect and Venturi type flame impingement ring that the chamber comprises that oily strengthening preheating chamber 5 and air film wind air compartment 6 have, combustion process belongs to the gas-phase combustion mode of gaseous fuel, thereby improves efficiency of combustion and flame temperature greatly; Flame combustion after the gas-phase combustion is violent, rigidity is strong, be complete transparence, root is blue thermal-flame, centre and afterbody are transparent redness, flame temperature is about 1800 ℃, can be used as high temperature fire nuclear direct firing coal-dust in coal burner, thereby for station boiler starts, cunning is stopped and low-load combustion-stabilizing plays important effect.Phenomenons such as carbon distribution or knot reef also can not appear at rifle head place in this covering device under long-term burning service condition, the interpolar discharge spark of electric igniter is in the range of atomization of oil-poor rifle in addition, and sparking electrode is not in the combustion zone, so the ablation phenomen of ignitor also do not occur, so equipment dependability is strong.
In Fig. 1, oil inlet pipe 1 is the seamless steel pipe of 16mm~32mm, and it passes the closure plate of housing 2 left ends and fixing with it, in entering housing 2 after, fix with the inwall of housing 2, its outer end is connected with oil feed pump.
In Fig. 1, (oil burner nozzle belongs to the centrifugal pressure atomizing type to oil-poor rifle 7 for universal product, be combined with Y air atomizing type structure), its end is connected with compressed air inlet pipe 9, lead to air pump, other end order is connected with air atomizer 3 and electric igniter 4, atomizes by atomizer, can spray to air film wind air compartment 6 and burn the fuel oil of at a high speed atomizing and gas through electric ignition.
In Fig. 1, housing 2 is the pipes that curved by metallic plate, it is divided into inside and outside two-layer, internal layer is wrapped in fuel assembly, leave between the ectonexine between one according to the space, the oblique blast pipe that is connected 8 of this space and outer wall is connected, and has formed the Venturi tube with axial flow, can play the combustion-supporting effect of wind of mending.
In Fig. 2, an airduct 22 is the abrasion-resistant cast pipeline of 280mm~800mm, the porch is a bend pipe, airduct of its end and coal dust 22 input pipe pipelines are connected, the other end is strengthened the pre-right chamber of cracking with coal dust heat and is connected, and is cast with elbow impact block 23 in the bend pipe, and elbow impact block 23 is the protruding blocks that have angle, it is installed on the lunette of elbow interior wall, and end face is concordant with the winding pipe exit place.
In Fig. 2, long center line and airduct road 22 central lines of sending pipe 24 of oil, its inlet connects the outlet of oil burner 21, and its outlet extends to concentrated phase powder heat always and strengthens cracking combustion tube 26 entrances.
In Fig. 2, Pulverized Coal Concentration piece 25 is installed in concentrated phase powder heat to be strengthened on the inwall of cracking combustion tube 26, and circumference is 2~4 of circumferential directions, clearance distance is left in per two centres, and Pulverized Coal Concentration piece 25 on the cross section is being the structure of amplifying again after elder generation shrinks successively according to a wind flow direction.
In Fig. 2, concentrated phase powder heat strengthens cracking combustion tube 26 1 ends and oil length send the outlet of pipe 24 to overlap, the other end puts in light phase powder heat to be strengthened in the cracking combustion tube 27, center line and the long center line of pipe 24 and the central lines that light powder mutually heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube 27 sent of oil.
In Fig. 2, light phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube 27 1 ends and is connected the outlet that concentrated phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube 26, concordant or the indentation 5cm~30cm of end face of the other end and light phase powder air cooling pipe 28, its center line and concentrated phase powder heat strengthens the center line of cracking combustion tube 26 and the center line of the light air cooling of powder mutually pipe 28 all overlaps, its inside also be furnished with as required with pulverized coal flame at the similar parts of Pulverized Coal Concentration piece 25 shapes.
In Fig. 2, light phase powder air cooling pipe 28 is a circular pipe, and secondary air box 29 surrounds the part or all of of light phase powder air cooling pipe 28.
Can not design coal dust sectional combustion formula coal dust heat with the principle that unlimited coal dust amount and wind speed are complementary according to oil-poor rifle finite energy and strengthen cracking combustion furnace (precombustion chamber).Its meaning is to use the principle of sectional combustion, energy cascade amplification, makes pulverized-coal concentration, the air velocity of system be in the working condition that an extremely helps lighting a fire, thereby finishes a continual and steady igniting, combustion process.Experiment showed, that this principle of utilization and method for designing make exerting oneself of single burner expand 12T/H to from 2T/H.In set up one-level concentrated phase ignition process, we adopted will be through the coal dust that concentrates vertical or certain angle send into oil-poor rifle torch center district, the flame that is up to 2000 ℃ is with the converging of coal dust, its ignition delay time is not more than 1 second.
Through test, the coal dust burnout rate of this lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus reaches more than 90%, and rate of economizing gasoline is greater than 95%, and wall temperature generally can be stablized and is controlled at below 600 ℃, the highlyest is no more than 700 ℃, can guarantee the safety of burner; After putting into operation, the performance of former main burner is guaranteed basically, does not find phenomenons such as overtemperature, slagging scorification, burning be bad, and when being applied to stove and starting, the firing coal-dust effect is better.
A 300MW fired power generating unit, as long as in four coal burners of one deck bottom, each is arranged that a cover is exerted oneself and is the lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler of 50kg/h, just can finish ignition of the boiler and surely combustion work.

Claims (11)

1 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler is characterized in that: this lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler comprises that oil-poor heat is strengthened oil burner (21) and coal dust heat is strengthened cracking precombustion chamber two parts; Coal dust heat is strengthened the airduct (22) that the cracking precombustion chamber has an air-supply, and its left part is a bend pipe, and right part is a straight tube, and the oil-poor heat of tubulose is strengthened the oil length of oil burner (21) and connection and sent fire tube (24), passes the bend pipe wall of an airduct (22); The axial entrance that extends to concentrated phase powder heat reinforcement cracking combustion tube (26), right-hand member top in an airduct (22) elbow is equipped with elbow collision block (23); The left end that concentrated phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube (26) send fire tube (24) to dock with oil is long, right-hand member strengthens cracking combustion tube (27) with the light heat of powder mutually respectively and light phase powder air cooling pipe (28) connects, on its inner circumferential, Pulverized Coal Concentration piece (25) is installed, and its periphery is surrounded by secondary air box (29) connects air feed.
2 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil-poor heat is strengthened the double Shell (2) that oil burner (21) has a tubbiness, the sealing of housing (2) one ends, one end opening, at closed end, oil inlet pipe (1) and compressed air enter pipe (9) and penetrate end wall, parallel respectively to the insertion housing in fixing, compressed air enters pipe (9) and bends towards in the housing (2), order and the axial oil-poor rifle of installing (7) in center, air atomizer (3) and electric igniter (4) connect, and air atomizer (3) the place ahead is the air film air compartment (6) and the oily strengthening preheating chamber (5) of 2~3 grades of porous nested structures; In a side of housing (2) closed end, to connect with oblique blast pipe (8), this blast pipe (8) is connecting the passage between the double Shell (2), and it is combustion-supporting to form the Venturi tube air feed with axial flow structure.
3 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil inlet pipe (1) is the seamless steel pipe of 16mm~32mm, it passes the closure plate of housing (2) left end and fixing with it, after in entering housing (2), fix with the inwall of housing (2), its outer end is connected with oil feed pump.
4 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil-poor rifle (7) is universal product, its end is connected with compressed air inlet pipe (9), lead to air pump, other end order is connected with air atomizer (3) and electric igniter (4), atomizes by atomizer.
5 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: housing (2) is the pipe that is curved by metallic plate, it is divided into inside and outside two-layer, internal layer is wrapped in fuel assembly, leave between the ectonexine between one according to the space, the blast pipe that this space is connected with outer wall (8) is connected, and has formed the Venturi tube with axial flow.
6 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: an airduct (22) is the abrasion-resistant cast pipeline of 280mm~800mm, the porch is a bend pipe, an airduct road of its end and coal dust input pipe pipeline is connected, the other end is strengthened the pre-right chamber of cracking with coal dust heat and is connected, and is cast with elbow impact block (23) in the bend pipe, and elbow impact block (23) is the protruding block that has angle, it is installed on the outer lunette of elbow interior wall, and end face is concordant with the winding pipe exit place.
7 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: long center line and an airduct road (22) central lines of sending pipe (24) of oil, its inlet connects the outlet of oil burner (21), and its outlet extends to concentrated phase powder heat always and strengthens cracking combustion tube (26) entrance end face.
8 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Pulverized Coal Concentration piece (25) is installed in concentrated phase powder heat to be strengthened on the inwall of cracking combustion tube (26), circumference, 2~4 of circumferential directions, clearance distance is left in per two centres, and Pulverized Coal Concentration piece (25) on the cross section is being the structure of amplifying again after elder generation shrinks successively according to a wind flow direction.
9 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: concentrated phase powder heat strengthens cracking combustion tube (26) one ends and oil length send the outlet of fire tube (24) to overlap, the other end, put in light phase powder heat and strengthen in the cracking combustion tube (27), center line and the long center line of pipe (24) and the central lines that light powder mutually heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube (27) sent of oil.
10 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: light phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube (27) one ends and is connected the outlet that concentrated phase powder heat is strengthened cracking combustion tube (26), the other end or indentation 5cm~30cm concordant with the end face of light phase powder air cooling pipe (28), its center line and concentrated phase powder heat strengthens the center line of cracking combustion tube (26) and the center line of the light air cooling of powder mutually pipe (28) all overlaps, its inside also be furnished with as required with pulverized coal flame at the similar parts of Pulverized Coal Concentration piece (25) shape.
11 lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: light phase powder air cooling pipe (28) is a circular pipe, and secondary air box (29) surrounds the part or all of of light phase powder air cooling pipe (28).
CNA2007101353439A 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Lean oil heat intensified firing actuating apparatus of pulverized coal boiler Pending CN101178175A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009143725A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-03 徐州燃烧控制研究院有限公司 An internal-burning type firing pulverized coal burner
CN102537996A (en) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-04 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Fuel oil gasification device and method, composite pulverized coal ignition method and pulverized coal burner
CN102788347A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-11-21 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Tiny-oil ignition pulverized coal combustion system
CN106439823A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-22 南阳市亚龙筑路机械制造有限公司 Coal and oil mixing burner
CN106895396A (en) * 2017-04-18 2017-06-27 湘潭沃瑞德能源科技有限公司 Petroleum coke powder combustion stove and combustion furnace
CN116608461A (en) * 2023-06-25 2023-08-18 北京天地融创科技股份有限公司 Combustion system and boiler system with same

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009143725A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-03 徐州燃烧控制研究院有限公司 An internal-burning type firing pulverized coal burner
CN102537996A (en) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-04 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Fuel oil gasification device and method, composite pulverized coal ignition method and pulverized coal burner
CN102537996B (en) * 2010-12-30 2015-06-10 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Fuel oil gasification device and method, composite pulverized coal ignition method and pulverized coal burner
CN102788347A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-11-21 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Tiny-oil ignition pulverized coal combustion system
CN106439823A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-22 南阳市亚龙筑路机械制造有限公司 Coal and oil mixing burner
CN106895396A (en) * 2017-04-18 2017-06-27 湘潭沃瑞德能源科技有限公司 Petroleum coke powder combustion stove and combustion furnace
CN116608461A (en) * 2023-06-25 2023-08-18 北京天地融创科技股份有限公司 Combustion system and boiler system with same
CN116608461B (en) * 2023-06-25 2024-06-11 北京天地融创科技股份有限公司 Combustion system and boiler system with same

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