CN101170194A - A method for proton exchange film fuel battery under zero degree - Google Patents
A method for proton exchange film fuel battery under zero degree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101170194A CN101170194A CNA2006101340773A CN200610134077A CN101170194A CN 101170194 A CN101170194 A CN 101170194A CN A2006101340773 A CNA2006101340773 A CN A2006101340773A CN 200610134077 A CN200610134077 A CN 200610134077A CN 101170194 A CN101170194 A CN 101170194A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pemfc
- battery
- temperature
- anode
- subzero
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a startup method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell below freezing, which is specialized in that H/O mixed gas with a certain proportion is insufflated into PEMFC's cathode or anode, H2 is utilized to oxidize and release heat on MEA catalyst, so as to improve PEMFC temperature, and make PEMFC start below freezing. The invention can make PEMFC be used within wider temperature range, on premise of not increasing the volume and quality of the fuel cell system, the invention can make the cell quickly start, thereby not only improving the cell system movable performance, but also reducing additional expense, which has great significance on promoting industrialization development of fuel cells.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a proton exchanging film fuel battery (PEMFC) subzero starts, the method that the annealing in hydrogen atmosphere of a proton exchanging film fuel battery (PEMFC) catalysis specifically subzero starts, fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film or anode are fed a certain proportion of hydrogen and oxygen mixture, utilize hydrogen oxidation heat liberation on the MEA catalyst, improve the temperature of PEMFC, make PEMFC to start at the subzero environment.This method is under the prerequisite of volume that does not increase fuel cell system and quality, battery can be started fast in subzero, both improved the travelling performance of battery system, reduced its surcharge again, for promoting the fuel cell industrialized development to have great importance.
Background technology
Can at present, each big motor corporation of the world and scientific research institution just be devoted to develop Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile (FCV), so solve it in the problem that subzero starts, great important be arranged industrialization to FCV.Since PEMFC critical material--dielectric film must be when hydration be better, and battery just can reach optimal performance.But, when PEMFC after subzero environmental work, before battery temperature is down to zero, must remove the water in the battery effectively, to overcome behind the water freezing infringement to battery.Battery is when start next time like this, because the too dried start battery that causes of film is very difficult, and when lower temperature, chemical reaction velocity is slower, and electric current is less, and exothermic heat of reaction is not enough to improve battery temperature.So, must take alternate manner to improve battery temperature, battery can successfully be started.At present main representative document is as follows:
US5175975 and US6815103 adopt whole fuel cell system are carried out heat insulation method; US6777115 adopts negative electrode to feed hot-air and all parts of MEA is warmed, reach the ice-melt effect; And WO04025752 utilizes the heat heating battery that adds the load generation.Though above method can both make FCV start at the subzero environment, all has the volume and the quality problems that increase battery system, has influenced its travelling performance, has improved the surcharge of fuel cell system.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the temperature actuated method of a kind of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) subzero.Be specially and utilize a spot of H
2And O
2In PEMFC negative electrode or anode-catalyzed exothermic heat of reaction, improve battery temperature.This method makes battery system not increase any affiliated facility, just can improve battery temperature effectively, rapidly, and PEMFC is started at the subzero environment, has great importance to promoting the PEMFC industrialization.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The method that one proton exchanging film fuel battery starts in subzero feeds negative electrode or the anode of PEMFC with hydrogen and oxygen mixture, utilizes H
2Oxidation heat liberation on the MEA catalyst, the temperature of raising PEMFC makes PEMFC to start at the subzero environment.
The negative electrode or the anode of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are fed hydrogen and oxygen mixture, wherein O
2Volume content can be the 1-30% of total gas, H
2Volume content can be the 70-99% of total gas; The flow of gaseous mixture is 0.5-50L.min
-1, it is benchmark that its feeding time reaches 0-10 ℃ with battery temperature; Described O
2Volume content be preferably the 1-15% of total gas, H
2Volume content be preferably the 85-99% of total gas; The flow of gaseous mixture is preferably 3.5-35L.min
-1
After battery temperature reaches 0-10 ℃, use N
2Purge the negative electrode or the anode of battery, then reaction gas is normally fed battery, make PEMFC in subzero environment operate as normal.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. method is simple.The present invention is with O
2Hydrogen and oxygen mixture with the 1-30% ratio feeds PEMFC negative electrode or anode, and the control reaction gas flow speed utilizes H
2Oxidation heat liberation on the MEA catalyst, the temperature of raising PEMFC stops air inlet after battery reaches predetermined temperature.Then, use N
2After purging battery, then reaction gas is normally fed battery, make PEMFC in subzero environment operate as normal.For the fuel battery engines automobile, battery system does not increase any affiliated facility.
2. cost is low.The present invention utilizes a certain proportion of H
2And O
2Improve battery temperature in the PEMFC catalytic reaction; And utilize a spot of H
2And O
2At the PEMFC exothermic catalytic reaction, just can improve battery temperature, required cost is low.
3. start battery speed is fast.As long as the present invention controls gaseous mixture ratio and flow well, just can improve battery temperature effectively, rapidly, reach the purpose of rapid startup battery.
4. effect is good.The present invention is keeping under the very dried situation of cell electrolyte film, and fuel cell just can successfully start.
In a word, the present invention can make PEMFC use in the temperature range more widely, under the prerequisite of volume that does not increase fuel cell system and quality, battery can be started fast, both improved the travelling performance of battery system, reduced surcharge again, for promoting the fuel cell industrialized development to have great importance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle flow chart of PEMFC catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmosphere, and among the figure: 1 is H
2, 2 is O
2, 3 is N
2, 4 is pressure-reducing valve, and 5 is Pressure gauge, and 6 is mass flow controller, and 7 is break valve, and 8 is fuel cell, and 9 is negative electrode, and 10 is anode.
Fig. 2 is H
2Polarization curve before and after reacting in varing proportions;
Fig. 3 is the temperature rise curve of single pond-10 ℃ catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmosphere;
Fig. 4 is the temperature rise curve of single pond-20 ℃ catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmosphere;
The temperature current voltage that Fig. 5 starts behind-20 ℃ of catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmospheres for weak point piles up is change curve in time.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, O
2And H
2By behind pressure-reducing valve, the flow controller, mix negative electrode or the anode that the back feeds fuel cell respectively, treat to stop air inlet after battery reaches uniform temperature by threeway.Then, use N
2After purging battery, with reaction gas O
2And H
2The normal battery that feeds makes PEMFC in subzero environment operate as normal.
As shown in table 1, it has provided H
2Different proportion is (by H
2And O
2The gaseous mixture of forming) to 4cm
2The influence of fuel cell temperature rise.
Table 1 H
2Different proportion is to the influence of PEMFC temperature rise
Gaseous mixture is fed negative electrode, and initial temperature all is a room temperature, and total air inflow is by 100ml.min
-1Increase to 500ml.min
-1As can be seen, work as H
2Ratio is 4% o'clock, and battery temperature does not almost have variation, along with the increase of ratio, H
2/ O
2Reacting dose increases, and battery temperature obviously raises, but ratio greater than 90% o'clock, programming rate but obviously descends.Fig. 2 is H
2Polarization curve before and after the different proportion reaction, as can be seen, H
2After ratio from 15 to 40% reactions, the polarization curve of battery almost completely overlaps, and this illustrates that this method when improving battery temperature, can not cause damage to battery performance.
Fig. 3 is the temperature rise curve of single pond-10 ℃ catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmosphere.Can get by Fig. 3, work as H
2Ratio and O with 1-20%
2During reaction, because the beginning battery temperature is low, H
2And O
2Reaction speed is slower, and temperature rise rate is also very slow.After battery temperature reaches-8 ℃, H
2/ O
2Reaction speed obviously increases, and battery is shared 6min from-10 ℃ to 0 ℃.
Fig. 4 is the temperature rise curve of single pond-20 ℃ catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmosphere.As shown in Figure 4, work as O
2With 10L.min
-1/ 30L.min
-1Ratio and H
2During reaction, temperature rise rate is very fast.After battery temperature reaches-12 ℃, reduce H
2/ O
2Flow, make battery keep reaction speed constant as far as possible, last battery is raised to 1.27 ℃ with 6.5min from-20 ℃.
Fig. 5 is the short temperature rise curve of piling after-20 ℃ of catalysis annealing in hydrogen atmospheres start.Can get O by Fig. 5
2/ H
2With 10L.min
-1/ 30L.min
-1Ratio reaction, internal temperature of battery is raised to gradually.After internal temperature of battery reaches 0 ℃, reduce gas flow.As can be seen, short heap is shared 17min from-20 ℃ to 0 ℃, when treating that temperature reaches 10 ℃, and starting load, under certain electric current, battery temperature continues to raise.This has illustrated that this method can use on pile, pile can successfully be started in subzero.
Above example explanation, H
2/ O
2Under suitable ratio and flow, feed negative electrode or the anode of PEMFC, utilize the catalytic combustion liberated heat, battery temperature is raise rapidly, PEMFC is normally started at the subzero environment.
Claims (4)
1. a proton exchanging film fuel battery is characterized in that in the method that subzero starts: hydrogen and oxygen mixture is fed negative electrode or the anode of PEMFC, utilize H
2Oxidation heat liberation on the MEA catalyst, the temperature of raising PEMFC makes PEMFC to start at the subzero environment.
2. according to the method for the described startup of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the negative electrode or the anode of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are fed hydrogen and oxygen mixture, wherein O
2Volume content can be the 1-30% of total gas, H
2Volume content can be the 70-99% of total gas; The flow of gaseous mixture is 0.5-50L.min
-1, it is benchmark that its feeding time reaches 0-10 ℃ with battery temperature.
3. according to the method for the described startup of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described O
2Volume content can be the 1-15% of total gas, H
2Volume content can be the 85-99% of total gas; The flow of gaseous mixture is 3.5-35L.min
-1
4. according to the method for the described startup of claim 2, it is characterized in that: after battery temperature reaches 0-10 ℃, use N
2Purge the negative electrode or the anode of battery, then reaction gas is normally fed battery, make PEMFC in subzero environment operate as normal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101340773A CN101170194A (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2006-10-27 | A method for proton exchange film fuel battery under zero degree |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101340773A CN101170194A (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2006-10-27 | A method for proton exchange film fuel battery under zero degree |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101170194A true CN101170194A (en) | 2008-04-30 |
Family
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101340773A Pending CN101170194A (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2006-10-27 | A method for proton exchange film fuel battery under zero degree |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105449242A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Low-temperature start control system and method for vehicle-mounted metal bipolar plate fuel cell |
| CN105702979A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Starting method for fuel cell stack in environment below zero |
| CN108777313A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-09 | 武汉华科福赛新能源有限责任公司 | A kind of hot suspend mode of solid oxide fuel cell and hot start method |
| CN108832158A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A device for starting a proton exchange membrane fuel cell at low temperature |
| CN108963301A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-12-07 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | For being cold-started the method and fuel cell generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells |
| CN109950582A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Fuel cell system and its control method |
| CN110021768A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-16 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of the cold start controlling method, apparatus and system of fuel cell |
| CN110492136A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 同济大学 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery blow device and method |
| CN110534767A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-12-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | The method of one proton exchanging film fuel battery cold-starting |
| CN114361528A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A method and system for effectively improving the low temperature start-up capability of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
-
2006
- 2006-10-27 CN CNA2006101340773A patent/CN101170194A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105702979A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Starting method for fuel cell stack in environment below zero |
| CN105702979B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of startup method of fuel cell pile in subzero temperature |
| CN105449242A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Low-temperature start control system and method for vehicle-mounted metal bipolar plate fuel cell |
| CN105449242B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2018-04-24 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted metal bipolar plate fuel battery cold-starting control system and method |
| CN108963301A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-12-07 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | For being cold-started the method and fuel cell generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells |
| CN109950582A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Fuel cell system and its control method |
| CN110021768A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-16 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of the cold start controlling method, apparatus and system of fuel cell |
| CN110534767A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-12-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | The method of one proton exchanging film fuel battery cold-starting |
| CN108777313A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-09 | 武汉华科福赛新能源有限责任公司 | A kind of hot suspend mode of solid oxide fuel cell and hot start method |
| CN108832158A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A device for starting a proton exchange membrane fuel cell at low temperature |
| CN110492136A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 同济大学 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery blow device and method |
| CN114361528A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A method and system for effectively improving the low temperature start-up capability of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN114361528B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method and system for effectively improving low-temperature starting capability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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Open date: 20080430 |