CN101167647A - Dental pulp vitality fluorescence detection device and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a fluorescence detection device and method for dental pulp vitality. Fluorescence is used for detection, that is, after the modulated excitation light is passed through an optical filter, it is transmitted by an emission optical fiber and irradiated to the surface of the tooth to be inspected through the probe window to stimulate the tooth to generate fluorescence. The radiation is received and transmitted by the receiving optical fiber in the probe window, and sent to the low-light detection unit through the receiving filter, and then enters the data processing and control circuit for unified control and processing. The invention solves the professional problem of painless detection of dental diseases, especially rapid detection of dental pulp vitality, tooth demineralization, and carious dentin comprehensive detection. The detection is accurate and the corresponding data can be directly displayed. Single-point detection and multi-point detection can be selected, with the flexibility of detection, and the detection process can eliminate operational errors. Fast, intuitive, accurate, large detection range, simple structure. It can be used in dental hospitals, dental clinics and other places that need to detect dental diseases.

Description

Dental pulp vitality fluorescence detection device and detection method

technical field

The device of the invention belongs to the technical field of medical detection equipment, and is a detection device for oral cavity teeth, specifically a fluorescence detection device and a detection method for detecting pulp vitality.

Background technique

Pulp vitality test is an important link in the diagnosis and treatment of endodontic diseases. Traditional detection methods, such as pulp electrical vitality test and temperature test, show the reflection of the sensory nerve in the pulp, which is inaccurate due to certain subjectivity. Simultaneously, the stimulation of these detection means can increase the misery of the patient. At present, electric vitality tester is widely used in the detection of pulp vitality in China. It uses a gradient voltage from low to high to stimulate the patient's teeth. When the patient feels pain, the voltage level is recorded to judge the tooth's vitality. The lower the pain-sensing voltage, the more active the dental pulp is, and the higher the voltage, the lower the vitality of the dental pulp, or even no vitality. Because each person's sensitivity to the same voltage varies greatly, this causes human-made subjective errors.

Dental disease detection devices designed on the basis of optical principles have the advantages of non-stimulation, non-invasiveness, convenience, real-time, objective, no pain and no harm to patients, and are receiving more and more attention and development.

At present, it is a new research direction to use fluorescence technology to detect pulp vitality.

The Chinese Patent Publication No. is: CN1309545A "Toothbrush with Fluorescent Device for Detection of Dental Plaque", which is a toothbrush with the function of inspecting the biodeposition on the tooth surface, that is, detecting dental plaque. It can be inserted into the mouth and used to give teeth Whether there is plaque on the surface or an indication that the plaque has been removed before and after the surface is used. It is a device for cleaning and health care of the oral cavity. It has no function of detecting dental diseases, let alone detecting the vitality of the dental pulp.

The Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN1703162A "System and Method for Detecting Dental Caries" also cannot directly provide data display of pulp vitality, and cannot store, transmit or communicate data and images with a high-speed information processing system.

Although the above patents use fluorescence technology, some of them can only be used to detect dental caries, and some can only detect whether the teeth are clean or not, and they cannot detect more dental disease items, let alone detect the state of dental pulp vitality. Certainly also can not carry out data and image storage and transmission or communication with high-speed information processing system.

The project team of the present invention searched domestic and foreign patent documents and published periodical papers, and found no reports or documents closely related to the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies and instruments, and provide a method that mainly detects the vitality of the dental pulp, and can also detect and obtain relevant data on tooth demineralization, carious dentin and dental plaque, which can not be affected by the environment. All kinds of stray light interference, using a small probe with a large detection range, no harm to the patient, no stimulation, no pain, the entire exposed part of the tooth, including the occlusal surface, can be detected, the detection is accurate, and the inspection result is displayed in real time A device and method for detecting pulp vitality that can be processed, stored, transmitted or communicated for data and image processing.

The present invention is described in detail below:

The present invention is a fluorescence detection device and method for pulp vitality, which is realized in that the detection device includes an optical processing unit, a comparison device for comparing the fluorescence radiation received from the detected tooth with the fluorescence radiation of healthy teeth, and a conducting Fiber optic bundle of light. The optical processing unit includes an emitting optical path for exciting fluorescence, and a receiving optical path for receiving fluorescence radiation light on the tooth surface. The light source for generating excitation light in the emitting optical path is a modulated light source. It is characterized in that: the detection device also includes a detector connected to the detector. The end of the fiber bundle is divided into two bundles, one is the excitation fiber, and its end face is aligned with the optical filter in the emission optical path, and the other is the receiving optical fiber, and its end is aligned with the optical filter in the fluorescence receiving optical path. The other end of the bundle is connected to the probe. The diameter of the fiber bundle is between 1.6mm-2.5mm. The light-emitting device of the emitting light path is purple LED. The fluorescent spectrum range that the optical filter can pass is: 440nm-800nm, the ratio of the number of emitting fibers to receiving fibers in the fiber bundle and probe is 2/5 to 3/5, and the detection port of the probe is equipped with a probe with a window Cap, the panel of the tester is equipped with a liquid crystal display, a function switch and a small keyboard, and a data processing and control circuit and an optical processing unit are installed in the tester.

Aiming at the practical problem that the detection of pulp vitality is difficult, the present invention utilizes the natural characteristic that the tooth can excite fluorescence, adopts the modulated purple light LED as the exciting light source to irradiate the tooth to be tested, modulates the light source so that the fluorescence excited by the tooth is also modulated, and is convenient for receiving. Application in natural light environment can avoid the interference of stray light. The emission and reception of light are aimed at the same part of the tooth through a special probe, and the obtained fluorescence radiation intensity is compared with the reference value of the healthy tooth or the healthy part of the tooth detected in advance and stored in the detector, so as to obtain the detected tooth. Data or data of tooth lesions can be quantitatively compared and analyzed, and then the pulp vitality of the tested teeth or the lesions such as dental caries and tooth demineralization can be obtained. The probe is small in size, and can also detect wisdom teeth and deformed teeth deep in the oral cavity. It can also detect exposed surfaces of teeth, including side surfaces and occlusal surfaces. It is non-invasive, non-stimulating, and pain-free for patients.

The wavelength range of the excitation light selected in the present invention is 410nm-430nm, which is the wavelength range that can stimulate teeth to generate more fluorescent radiation without damaging human health, and can also increase detection sensitivity and detection accuracy. The present invention sets a relatively large receiving range for obtaining fluorescent radiation, so as to be suitable for detecting dental pulp vitality or dental caries, tooth demineralization and other lesion conditions.

The volume of the probe adopted in the present invention is small, and it is convenient to operate in a limited oral cavity space. The ratio of the number of transmitting optical fibers to receiving optical fibers in the optical fiber bundle is 2/5 to 3/5, and this optimized ratio can meet the detection of various teeth. The detection port of the probe is equipped with a probe cap with a window to ensure that the optical fiber is in the best position for receiving fluorescent radiation, and it is also convenient for cleaning and protecting the normal operation of the optical fiber.

The pulp vitality detection device designed on the principle of optics belongs to non-contact detection, which is non-stimulating and non-invasive, and can meet the convenient detection requirements. While testing the teeth, the detector displays corresponding data related to dental diseases, so that doctors can quickly diagnose the location and severity of dental lesions.

The realization of the present invention also lies in that the data processing and control circuit installed in the detector includes a microcontroller, a keyboard and a display circuit, a communication interface circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a low-light detection unit, a light source modulation drive circuit and an LED light emitting The unit, microcontroller and other components are connected with electrical signals, and the tester is also equipped with an external communication interface. The control circuit is powered by the power supply.

The invention is designed with a microcontroller as the control core. The main controllable parameters include modulation frequency, LED light source switch, light source luminous intensity, low-light detection sensitivity, synchronous sampling frequency, keyboard input and graphic display, etc., and the inspection results are displayed in real time. It can also expand and control some interface parameters, and can perform data and image processing as well as storage, transmission or communication, and is convenient to connect with other computers or storage devices.

Microcontroller-centered data processing and control circuits, using numerical calculations to analyze and classify a large number of tooth measurement data, can eliminate operational errors and errors caused by large morphological variability of teeth, or caused by other reasons An error message for any fluorescence intensity below the determined value or above the maximum value. Realize the unified control of the transmission and reception of the optical path, the conversion of the photoelectric signal, the display circuit and the communication, and can directly detect and display the corresponding data of tooth demineralization, carious dentin and pulp vitality, making tooth demineralization, carious tooth The essence and pulp vitality detection device has a higher degree of automation, and can further conveniently realize networked diagnosis and data storage and communication.

The realization of the present invention also lies in that the optical filter on the receiving optical path is composed of a plurality of optical filters, at least three optical filters are included, and the fluorescent spectrum ranges that these three optical filters can pass are respectively: 440nm-520nm, Fluorescence at 540nm-550nm and greater than 600nm.

The filter in the optical filter of the receiving light path can be switched conveniently, so as to aim at the detection of dental pulp vitality or dental caries, tooth demineralization and other lesions.

Through a large number of experiments and research analysis, the present invention finds that the fluorescent radiation produced by healthy teeth has a peak value near 470nm-480nm, that is, the fluorescent radiation produced by healthy teeth is the strongest near this, and the pulp vitality is detected within the fluorescent range of 440nm-520nm; The carious dentin has a peak in the fluorescence range greater than 620nm-800nm, which is stronger than the fluorescence radiation of normal teeth. The fluorescence range greater than 600nm is used to detect dental caries; the fluorescence of tooth demineralization is in the fluorescence range of 440nm-520nm and 540nm-550nm Radiation intensity has obvious intensity changes compared with fluorescence radiation intensity of healthy teeth, so the present invention optimizes the receiving fluorescence range where the contrast value of fluorescence intensity between healthy teeth and diseased teeth is large.

The realization of the present invention also lies in that the optical fiber is a quartz optical fiber with a diameter of 10 μm-200 μm.

Silica optical fiber has the performance of low light energy loss and high transmission efficiency, and can well complete the efficient transmission of excitation light and fluorescent radiation.

The realization of the present invention is also that: the detection port of the probe is equipped with a probe cap with a window, the probe cap is in the shape of a truncated cone, which protects the optical fiber from collision with teeth or oral cavity, and ensures that the optical fiber is in the best position for receiving fluorescent radiation. The probe cap is removable for frequent cleaning and disinfection.

The present invention is also a fluorescence detection method for dental pulp vitality, which is achieved by using the same or adjacent teeth or the fluorescence intensity of the healthy part of the same tooth as a reference; The optical fiber transmits through the probe window, irradiates the surface of the tooth to be detected, excites the tooth to generate fluorescent radiation, is received and transmitted by the receiving optical fiber in the probe window, passes through the optical filter, and is transmitted to the low-light detection unit. Detection process: first detect and record the fluorescence radiation intensity of healthy teeth or healthy parts of teeth as a reference, then detect the fluorescence radiation intensity of the detected teeth, compare the two, and obtain the judgment result; the specific steps of detection are:

1. Turn on the power switch, and the modulated LED light source in the emission light path emits excitation light;

2. Click the calibration-measure button in the function switch, and the calibration detector enters the measurement state; there are two measurement modes in the measurement state, one is a one-point measurement mode, and the other is a multi-point measurement mode;

3. The mode selection in the function switch is turned to "single point" to enter the one-point measurement mode, place the probe on the surface of healthy teeth or healthy teeth, measure the intensity of fluorescent radiation and store the data in the data processing and control circuit, that is, select A measurement point on a healthy tooth is tested, and the measurement result is used as a measurement reference;

4. Hold the probe, aim the probe at the surface of the tooth to be tested, measure a measuring point, measure the surface fluorescence radiation intensity of the tooth to be tested, and store the data in the data processing and control circuit, and at the same time it will be compared with the data entered in the third step Reference data of healthy teeth or teeth healthy parts in the processing and control circuit for comparison and processing;

5. Under the same coordinate system, the fluorescence radiation curves of the healthy tooth and the detected tooth and the processed comparison information are displayed on the display screen of the detector at the same time, and the data and images detected by the data processing and control circuit are sent by the communication interface. circuits for transmission and storage.

6. The comparative information displayed on the liquid crystal screen 7 is classified according to the detection type, which can not only detect the pulp vitality, but also detect other diseases of the teeth. According to different classifications, different lesions of the teeth can be judged more intuitively.

The present invention uses an optical method for detection, without pain and stimulation, and uniformly controls sampling, detection, comparison, and display through a microcontroller, effectively solving various test interference and error correction, so that the entire device forms an overall system, which can It is convenient to operate and detect, and can further expand the connection and perform more comparisons and more accurate judgments on the measured information.

As a fluorescence detection method for dental pulp vitality, the present invention is further implemented in the multi-point measurement mode, which involves the third step and the fourth step, specifically:

3. The mode selection in the function switch is turned to "multi-point" to enter the multi-point measurement mode, place the probe on the surface of healthy teeth or healthy teeth, measure the intensity of fluorescent radiation and store the data in the data processing and control circuit, measure It is a multi-point measurement mode, that is, select multiple measurement points on a healthy tooth or a healthy part of the tooth for detection, and use the average value of the measurement results as a measurement reference.

4. Hold the probe, aim the probe at the surface of the tooth to be tested, measure multiple measuring points, measure the surface fluorescence radiation intensity of the tooth to be tested, and store the data in the data processing and control circuit, and at the same time record with the third step The reference data of healthy teeth in the data processing and control circuit are compared and processed.

When performing the fourth step, the number of points detected in the third step may be the same or different.

Because the present invention combines opto-mechanical and computer technologies in general, explores and selects the appropriate excitation light wavelength range and receiving fluorescence wavelength range, optimizes the ratio of emitting and receiving optical fibers, and designs an appropriate optical path, which can be used in natural light. It is applied in the environment without interference from various stray lights in the environment; the detection spectrum with a large contrast between the intensity of fluorescent radiation between healthy teeth and diseased teeth is selected, and the detection range is large and the detection is accurate. The microcontroller-centered data processing and control circuit is designed in a targeted manner, which realizes the unified control of the transmission, reception, photoelectric signal conversion, comparative analysis, display circuit and communication of the optical path. The present invention can select single-point detection and multi-point detection, and has the flexibility of detection. Statistical and classification processing is also carried out for complex situations such as irregular tooth arrangement, age, and repair factors, so that operational errors can be eliminated during the detection process, and errors caused by changes caused by large morphological variability of teeth, or errors caused by Any error message below the specified value or exceeding the maximum value due to other reasons. After a large number of experiments and data statistics, the proportion of fluorescence radiation intensity corresponding to tooth demineralization and carious dentin, as well as the fluorescence radiation data of different degrees of pulp vitality were obtained. The detection device has a high degree of automation, and can further conveniently realize networked diagnosis and data storage and communication.

The invention solves the technical problem of fast, intuitive, accurate, painless and non-irritating fluorescence detection on the tooth surface, and also solves the professional problems of rapid detection of tooth demineralization, carious dentin and pulp vitality, and is comprehensive. Unified control, simple structure, free from oral environment influence and interference.

It realizes synchronous detection and display, and can be used in dental hospitals, dental clinics and other places that need to detect dental diseases. It is a must-have device for every dental clinic.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall composition schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of optical path transmission of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of data processing and control circuits of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of distribution ratios of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber of the optical fiber bundle of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the probe of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention, as a fluorescence detection device for dental pulp, has an optical processing unit, mainly including a light-emitting part that generates excitation light, a light-receiving part that receives fluorescent radiation on the tooth surface, and combines the received fluorescent radiation with A comparison device for comparing the fluorescent radiation of healthy teeth and an optical fiber bundle for conducting light, the light source 10 for generating excitation light in the present invention is a modulated light source; the detection device also includes a detector 1, and an optical fiber bundle 2 connected from the detector 1 , one end of the optical fiber bundle 2 is divided into two bundles, one bundle is the exciting optical fiber 8, and its end face is aligned with the optical filter 11 of the emitting light path, and the other bundle is the receiving optical fiber 9, and its end face is aligned with the filter light of the fluorescent receiving optical path device 13, see Figure 2. The light-emitting device 10 in the light-emitting path is a light source containing violet light in visible light, such as a violet light-emitting diode, a tungsten halogen lamp, etc., which can prevent short-wave light from harming the human body. The condenser lens 12 can converge more excitation light into the emission fiber 8 .

In this example, the light-emitting device 10 is purple LED, and the optical filter 11 provided on the emitting light path can pass the excitation light with a wavelength of 410nm-430nm. In this example, a filter of 420nm with an error of ±5nm is used to realize it. Optical filter on the receiving optical path In this example, an optical filter of 480nm with an error of ±5nm is selected to realize the detection of pulp vitality. The other end of the fiber bundle 2 is connected to the probe 3, the diameter of the fiber bundle 2 is 2 mm, and the ratio of the number of the transmitting fiber 8 to the receiving fiber 9 in the fiber bundle 2 is 2/5 to 3/5, as shown in FIG. 4 . The detection port of the probe 3 is equipped with a probe cap 15 with a window, which is convenient for disassembly and installation. A liquid crystal display 7, a function switch 6 and a small keyboard 5 are arranged on the panel of the tester 1, and a data processing and control circuit and an optical processing unit are installed in the tester 1.

Fluorescence passes through the optical filter 13 of the receiving light path to filter out stray light and non-detection fluorescence, and only allows the fluorescence spectral lines suitable for detecting and distinguishing dental lesions to pass through, as shown in Figure 2. The filtered fluorescence enters the photoelectric conversion in the low-light detection unit The detector 14, the photodetector 14 can be a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube or other photoelectric conversion devices to convert it into an electrical signal, which is then amplified, demodulated, and stored in the data processing and control circuit. Under the same coordinate system, the fluorescence intensity curves of the healthy tooth and the detected tooth 4 and the processed comparison information are simultaneously displayed on the display screen 7 of the detector 1, and the data and images detected by the data processing and control circuit are transmitted by the communication interface. circuits for transmission and storage. The microcomputer information processing system displays the received fluorescence information of healthy teeth and diseased teeth on the LCD screen for doctors to make judgments, and can also store this information, or store the fluorescence data of diseased teeth in the same database data for comparison.

The optical fiber adopts quartz optical fiber, which has good transmission performance, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 50 μm.

Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG. 4 , the overall structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The diameter of the optical fiber bundle 2 drawn out from the detector 1 is 2.5 mm, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 200 μm. The detection port of the probe 3 is equipped with a probe cap 15 with a window in the shape of a truncated cone. See Fig. 5, it is connected by thread so that the probe cap 15 can be cleaned and disinfected frequently.

Embodiment 3: Referring to FIG. 4 , the overall structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The diameter of the fiber bundle 2 drawn out from the detector 1 is 2.2 mm, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 100 μm. Referring to FIG. 5 , the frustum-shaped probe cap 15 and the hand-held part are fastened through taper rotation, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, so that the probe cap 15 can be cleaned and disinfected frequently. In addition, the probe cap 15 on the head of the probe 3 also ensures that the end of the optical fiber is 0.5mm-1mm away from the tooth surface, so that the fluorescence excited by the exciting light can enter the receiving optical fiber 9 as much as possible, and also protect the optical fiber head from damage.

Embodiment 4: Referring to FIG. 4 , the overall structure is the same as that of Embodiment 2. The diameter of the fiber bundle 2 drawn out from the detector 1 is 1.6 mm, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 10 μm.

Embodiment 5: referring to Fig. 3, overall composition is the same as embodiment 1, and the control circuit installed in detector 1 is to comprise microcontroller, keyboard and display circuit, communication interface circuit, A/D conversion circuit, low-light detection unit 1. The light source modulation drive circuit and the LED light emitting device, the microcontroller and other components circuits are all connected with electrical signals. The light source modulation drive circuit synchronously receives the control signal of the microcontroller and the modulation signal of the microcontroller, the modulation signal is a rectangular pulse, the output end of the light source modulation drive circuit is connected to the input end of the LED light-emitting device, and the LED light-emitting device is directly connected to the optical filter 11 ; The A/D conversion circuit receives the amplified analog electrical signal output by the low-light detection unit, and at the same time receives the control signal of the microcontroller, and the output of the A/D conversion circuit is connected to the general IO port of the microcontroller.

The control circuit uses a microcontroller as the control core. The main controllable parameters include modulation frequency, LED light source switch, light source luminous intensity, low-light detection sensitivity, synchronous sampling frequency, keyboard input and graphic display, etc., and some interface parameters can also be extended to control , for easy connection with other computers or storage devices.

When working, the microcontroller outputs a rectangular pulse with a frequency of 1-1KHz to the light source modulation drive circuit, so that the LED light-emitting tube 10 flickers at a certain frequency. The main purpose of modulating the light source is to eliminate the interference of ambient light, which is beneficial to the detection of the detection circuit. Since the rectangular pulse output by the microcontroller is a 5V pulse signal, and the driving ability is weak, it is necessary to add a driving circuit to control the light emitting device. The setting of the modulation frequency is mainly limited by the frequency characteristics of the light-emitting device, and according to the purpose of using the modulation light source, the modulation frequency used does not need to be too high, which can simplify the circuit, so 1 ~ 1KHz is selected. The microcontroller outputs a control signal to control whether the LED emits light, and can turn off the light-emitting LED in the non-detection state or other special conditions to prolong its life.

Embodiment 6: The overall composition is the same as in Embodiment 5. The low-light detection unit circuit is mainly composed of a photoelectric conversion detector 14 and an amplification and demodulation circuit. The photoelectric conversion detector 14 adopts a photomultiplier tube, and the photoelectric conversion detector in the low-light detection unit 14 After the fluorescence is detected, the sensitivity set by the microcontroller is used to amplify the signal through the amplification and demodulation circuit. Due to the large range of changes in the strength of the fluorescence signal, the signal amplification factor can be adjusted according to specific conditions. The output analog signal is converted synchronously by the A/D converter controlled by the microcontroller. In order to eliminate interference, multiple sampling can be carried out in one light-emitting period to realize multi-point detection. After the converted digital signal is denoised by software, it will be displayed by the LCD in the form of graphs and values.

All parameters can be set through the small keyboard 5, and displayed on the display screen 7 and updated synchronously.

Embodiment 7: The overall composition is the same as that of Embodiment 6. The optical filter 13 on the receiving light path is composed of a plurality of optical filters, wherein at least three optical filters are included, and the fluorescent spectral ranges that these three optical filters can pass are respectively : Fluorescence at 440nm-520nm, 540nm-550nm and greater than 600nm. Multiple optical filters can be installed on the same diameter ring of a disc, and each filter can be easily switched by rotating the disc.

Example 8: Detection of pulp vitality and dental plaque:

Pulp vitality test:

The filter on the receiving light path switches the filter so that the fluorescence ranges that pass are: 460nm-520nm fluorescence, which is used to detect the vitality of the pulp, because healthy teeth have a peak of fluorescence radiation at 470nm-480nm, and lose or weaken vitality The fluorescent radiation of the teeth in this range is significantly weakened, and the vitality detection is performed with the same or adjacent teeth, and the detection is more accurate. 480nm--490nm optical filter is used in the receiving light path when detecting pulp vitality. First, detect the fluorescence radiation intensity of the same or adjacent healthy and clean teeth as a reference, and then detect the fluorescence radiation intensity of suspected diseased teeth, and compare the two detection results. , if the fluorescence intensity of the detected tooth is less than 25% of the fluorescence intensity of healthy teeth, it can be judged that the tooth is a tooth with dead pulp. If the fluorescence intensity of detected teeth is less than 10%-20% of the fluorescence intensity of healthy teeth, it can be considered that the vitality is weakening.

Plaque detection:

Use a 480nm--490nm filter in the receiving light path to detect the fluorescence intensity of different parts of the same tooth. If one part is more than 15% lower than the other part, the presence of dental plaque should be considered in the low part, and the dental plaque is being removed. Fluorescent radiation intensity will be significantly increased after.

Embodiment 9: The overall structure is the same as in Embodiment 6. When detecting tooth demineralization, switch the filter so that the receiving optical path first selects a 480nm--490nm filter to detect the fluorescence intensity of the adjacent parts of the same tooth. When it is about 20%, it should be considered that there is tooth demineralization in the lower part, and then use 540nm--550nm filter for detection. If the difference between the lower part and the surrounding area is reduced to less than 10% or higher than the surrounding area, it can be carried out. confirm. Among the optical filters on the receiving light path, the optical filter with a fluorescence range of 540nm-550nm is mainly used for the confirmation detection of tooth demineralization.

Embodiment 10: The overall composition is the same as that of Embodiment 6. The optical filter switching filter on the receiving light path adopts a cut-off filter with a fluorescence spectral range greater than 600nm to detect the fluorescence intensity of the adjacent parts of the same tooth. When it is about 20% higher, it should be considered that there is caries in the high place.

Embodiment 11: By using plastic optical fiber, the cost and cost can be reduced.

Embodiment 12: The overall structure is the same as that of Embodiment 10, and the optical filter switching filter on the receiving light path adopts a cut-off filter whose fluorescent spectrum range is greater than 650 nm, and is used for measuring dental caries.

Embodiment 13: The detection device adopts the same device as in Embodiments 1 to 9, and the detection method of pulp vitality fluorescence is: after the modulated excitation light passes through the optical filter 11, it is transmitted by the emission optical fiber 8 through the window of the probe 3, and irradiates to the detected The surface of the tooth 4 stimulates the tooth to generate fluorescent radiation, which is received and transmitted by the receiving optical fiber 9 in the window of the probe 3, and transmitted to the low-light detection unit through the optical filter 13. Detection process: first detect and record the fluorescence radiation intensity of healthy teeth or healthy parts of teeth as a reference, then detect the fluorescence radiation intensity of the detected tooth 4, compare the two, and obtain a judgment result. The specific steps of detection are:

1. Turn on the power switch, and the modulated LED light source 10 in the emitting light path emits excitation light;

2. Click the calibration-measurement button in the function switch 6, and the calibration detector 1 enters the measurement state; there are two measurement modes in the measurement state, one is a one-point measurement mode, and the other is a multi-point measurement mode;

3. The mode selection in the function switch 6 is turned to "single point" to enter the one-point measurement mode, and the probe 3 is placed on the surface of the healthy tooth or the healthy part of the tooth to measure the intensity of fluorescent radiation and store the data in the data processing and control circuit. That is, select a measuring point on a healthy tooth or a healthy part of the tooth for detection, and use the measurement result as a measurement reference.

4. Hand-hold the probe 3, aim the probe at the surface of the detected tooth 4, measure a measuring point, measure the surface fluorescence radiation intensity of the detected tooth 4, and store the data in the data processing and control circuit, simultaneously with the third step The reference data of healthy teeth in the input data processing and control circuit are compared and processed;

5. Under the same coordinate system, the fluorescence radiation curves of healthy teeth or teeth healthy parts and detected teeth 4 and the processed comparison information are simultaneously displayed on the display screen 7 of the detector 1, and the data detected by the data processing and control circuit and images are transmitted and stored by the communication interface circuit.

Six. The comparative information displayed on the liquid crystal screen 7 is classified according to the detection type. According to the present invention, the vitality of the pulp can be detected, and other diseases of the tooth, such as pulp vitality, tooth demineralization, dental caries and dental plaque, etc., can be more intuitive To judge the different lesions of teeth.

When detecting pulp vitality, use a 480nm--490nm filter for the receiving light path, first detect the fluorescence intensity of the same or adjacent healthy and clean teeth as a reference, and then detect the fluorescence intensity of the suspected diseased tooth, compare the two detection results, if If the fluorescence intensity of the detected tooth is less than 25% of the fluorescence intensity of the healthy tooth, it can be judged that the tooth is a tooth with dead pulp. If the fluorescence intensity of detected teeth is less than 10%-20% of the fluorescence intensity of healthy teeth, it can be considered that the vitality is weakening.

When detecting dental plaque, the receiving light path uses a 480nm--490nm filter to detect the fluorescence intensity of different parts of the same tooth. If one part is lower than the other by more than 15%, the presence of dental plaque should be considered in the lower part.

When detecting tooth demineralization, the receiving light path first uses a 480nm--490nm filter to detect the fluorescence intensity of the adjacent parts of the same tooth. If one place is about 20% lower than the surrounding area, it should be considered that there is tooth demineralization in the lower place, and then choose 540nm--550nm filter detection, if the difference lower than the surrounding area is reduced to less than 10% or higher than the surrounding area, it can be confirmed.

When detecting dental caries, the receiving light path is selected to pass through a fluorescence filter greater than 600nm, and the fluorescence intensity of the adjacent parts of the same tooth is detected. If the fluorescence intensity of one place is more than 20% higher than that of the surrounding area, it should be considered that there is tooth decay in the high place .

Embodiment 14: The device and method are the same as in Embodiment 10, except that the multi-point measurement mode involves the third step and the fourth step, specifically:

3. The mode selection in the function switch 6 is turned to "multi-point" to enter the multi-point measurement mode, place the probe 3 on the surface of a healthy tooth or a healthy part of the tooth, measure the intensity of fluorescent radiation and store the data in the data processing and control circuit Among them, the measurement is a multi-point measurement mode, that is, multiple measurement points on healthy teeth or teeth are selected for detection, and the average value of the measurement results is used as a measurement reference.

4. Hold the probe 3, aim the probe at the surface of the detected tooth 4, measure a plurality of measuring points, measure the surface fluorescence radiation intensity of the detected tooth 4, and store the data in the data processing and control circuit, and simultaneously communicate with the third Compare and process the reference data of the healthy tooth or the healthy part of the tooth in the data processing and control circuit entered in the step;

When performing the fourth step, the number of points detected in the third step is the same.

Claims (7)

1. a pulp active fluorescent detecting device includes the optical treatment unit, will receive the fluorescent radiation of detected tooth and the fluorescent radiation comparison means that compares and the fibre bundle that is used for light conducting of healthy tooth.The optical treatment unit comprises the emission light path of fluorescence excitation, receive the receiving light path of dental surface fluorescent radiation light, the light source that produces exciting light in the emission light path is a modulated light source, it is characterized in that: checkout gear also includes detector (1), fibre bundle (2) termination that is connected with detector (1) is divided into two bundles, a branch of is excitation fiber (8), its end face is aimed at the light filter (11) in the emission light path, another bundle is for receiving optical fiber (9), its end face is aimed at the light filter (13) in the fluorescence receiving light path, the other end of fibre bundle (2) is connected with probe (3), the diameter of fibre bundle (2) is between 1.6mm-2.5mm, the luminescent device (10) of emission light path is selected purple LED, the exciting light line spectrum scope that light filter (11) passes through on the emission light path is 410nm-430nm, the fluorescence spectrum scope that light filter on the receiving light path can pass through is: 440nm-800nm, launching fiber (8) is 2/5 to 3/5 with the quantitative proportion that receives optical fiber (9) in fibre bundle (2) and probe (3), the detection port mounting strap of probe (3) has the probe cap (15) of window, the panel of detector (1) is provided with LCDs (7), functional switch (6) and miniature keyboard (5) are equipped with date processing and control circuit and optical treatment unit in the detector (1).

2. pulp active fluorescent detecting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: date processing and the control circuit installed in the described detector (1) include microcontroller, keyboard and display circuit, communication interface circuit, A/D change-over circuit, low-light detecting unit, modulation of source drive circuit and LED light-emitting device, microcontroller and other built-up circuits, all have the signal of telecommunication to connect, detector also is provided with external communication interface on (1).

3. pulp active fluorescent detecting device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the light filter on the receiving light path (13) is made of a plurality of optical filters, wherein include three tablet filters at least, the fluorescence spectrum scope that these three optical filters can pass through is respectively: 460nm-520nm, 540nm-550nm reaches the fluorescence greater than 600nm.

4. pulp active fluorescent detecting device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described optical fiber adopts silica fibre, and the diameter of optical fiber is 10 μ m-200 μ m.

5. according to claim 1 or 4 described pulp active fluorescent detecting devices, it is characterized in that: it is circular cone shape that the detection port mounting strap of described probe (3) has the probe cap (15) of window.

6. pulp vitality fluorescence detection method is characterized in that: at different detection requirements, respectively with coordination or ortho position tooth or same tooth health part fluorescence intensity as a reference; Exciting light in the emission light path after the modulation is behind light filter (11), pass through probe (3) window by launching fiber (8) transmission, shine detected tooth (4) surface, the excitation tooth produces fluorescent radiation, received and transmission by the reception optical fiber (9) in probe (3) window, through optical filter (13), be sent to the low-light detecting unit; Testing process: at first detect and write down healthy tooth or dental health fluorescent radiation intensity partly as a reference, detect the fluorescent radiation intensity of detected tooth (4) then, both are compared, draw result of determination; The concrete steps that detect are:

One. turn on the power switch, the led light source (10) in the emission light path after the modulation sends excitation light;

Two. the calibration in the click function switch (6)-measurement button, calibration detector (1) enters the measurement state; The measurement state has two kinds of measurement patterns, and a kind of is some measurement patterns, and another kind is the multi-site determination pattern;

Three. the model selection in the functional switch (6) is threaded to " single-point ", enter some measurement patterns, to pop one's head in (3) place the surface of healthy tooth or dental health part, measure fluorescent radiation intensity and store data in date processing and control circuit, select promptly that a measuring point detects on the healthy tooth, with measurement result as witness mark;

Four. hand hold transducer (3), surface with the detected tooth of alignment probe (4), measure a measuring point, record the fluorescent radiation intensity on detected tooth (4) surface, and the storage data compare and treat with the 3rd healthy tooth or the dental health reference data partly that goes on foot in institute's logging data processing and the control circuit in date processing and control circuit simultaneously;

Five. the comparison information of the fluorescent radiation curve of healthy tooth and detected tooth and treated mistake shows on the display screen (7) of detector (1) simultaneously under the same coordinate system, the data and the image that detect through date processing and control circuit are transmitted and are stored by the communication interface circuit;

Six. the comparison information that LCD screen (7) shows can be judged the different lesions situation of tooth more intuitively by the type of detection classification.

7. pulp vitality fluorescence detection method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

The multi-site determination pattern is:

Three. the model selection in the functional switch 6 is threaded to " multiple spot ", enter the multimetering pattern, to pop one's head in (3) place the healthy tooth surface, measure fluorescent radiation intensity and store data in date processing and control circuit, be measured as the multimetering pattern, promptly select last a plurality of measuring points of healthy tooth or dental health part to detect, with the average of measurement result as witness mark

Four. hand hold transducer (3), surface with the detected tooth of alignment probe (4), measure a plurality of measuring points, record the fluorescent radiation intensity on detected tooth (4) surface, and store data in date processing and control circuit, the reference data of healthy tooth or dental health part compares and treats in while and the 3rd step institute's logging data processing and the control circuit.

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