CN101158993A - Civil construction engineering GPS-RTK measurement integrated PDA device - Google Patents
Civil construction engineering GPS-RTK measurement integrated PDA device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101158993A CN101158993A CNA2007100929319A CN200710092931A CN101158993A CN 101158993 A CN101158993 A CN 101158993A CN A2007100929319 A CNA2007100929319 A CN A2007100929319A CN 200710092931 A CN200710092931 A CN 200710092931A CN 101158993 A CN101158993 A CN 101158993A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PDA device of civil and architectural engineering GPS-RTK measurement integration, which is a PDA computer used for GPS-RTK data collection and processing and applied to civil and architectural engineering. The hardware in the PDA computer comprises a display, press keys and hanging parts, a host chip equipped inside the body with a dominant frequency above 400MHz, a bluetooth module and a GPRS module, a built-in data transmission antenna and a power supply; a built-in software system in the PDA computer integrates the data collection, processing, application and transmission of GPS-RTK, which greatly enhances operation efficiency and reliability, directly accomplishes the tasks like design and survey, construction survey, and geometric detection etc. of normal civil engineering (including highways, railways, port terminals, city roads and pipe network, hydropower project and so on), does not need the prior fractional work such as data downloading, indoor processing, outdoor surveying and designing etc., and obviously enhances the operation efficiency of civil engineering measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a field engineering measuring device, in particular to a GPS-RTK and PDA integrated system special for civil and architectural engineering.
Background
In the prior art, a GPS-RTK (Real Time Kinematic) system for field engineering measurement generally comprises a base station and a plurality of mobile stations. The base station and the mobile station are both composed of a GPS mainboard, a radio station, a power supply, an antenna, a foot stool and the like, the mobile station also comprises a PDA (personal digital assistant) computer device, and the base station transmits an observed value and coordinate information of the measuring station to the mobile station together through a data link; and the rover station receives data from the base station through the data chain, calculates the observation data of the GPS-RTK and solves the current coordinate of the rover station. The existing GPS-RTK systems, such as brand products of Swiss California company, American Tianbao company, China southern company and the like, have the following defects:
1. the existing products belong to general industrial products without professional application programs, are mainly used for surveying, construction and the like in industries such as buildings, electric power, machinery and the like, and have low operation efficiency.
2. The PDA computer is mainly used for resolving the current coordinates of the rover station according to the collected GPS observation data, only outputs the applied front-end data, and cannot perform various real-time engineering application processing.
3. The PDA computer of the conventional GPS-RTK measuring system rover station is a nonstandard product, has large volume, small screen and no graphic display function, needs to be fixed on a measuring rod of the rover station for use, has no remote data transmission device, has low calculation speed of a processor and insufficient memory, and ensures that the speed and the efficiency of running an application program are low.
4. The operating systems of the PDA computers of the conventional rover stations of the GPS-RTK measuring system are different, and secondary development of users is very difficult. The functions of the built-in engineering professional application software are few, so that the engineering application processing is very inconvenient.
5. Most of the rover PDA computers of the existing GPS-RTK measuring system are imported products, the cost is high, and the price is up to tens of thousands of yuan.
In addition, the chinese patent CN1928586A discloses an "altitude measurement device and method based on RTK-GPS technology" which discloses a method for measuring longitude and latitude and altitude of a point to be measured, and an output device identifier storage is processed in real time by means of model establishment, real-time processing and result drawing, and it cannot be processed in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a civil and architectural engineering GPS-RTK measurement integrated PDA device that integrates the data acquisition, processing, application and transmission of GPS-RTK, and has higher processing speed, smaller size and lower use cost.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the integrated PDA device for GPS-RTK measurement in civil and architectural engineering is characterized in that a PDA computer for GPS-RTK data acquisition and processing and civil and architectural engineering application is combined with a GPS-RTK data acquisition system to form a mobile station, data from a base station is received through a data link, and integration of GPS observation data acquisition, processing, application and remote transmission of application data is completed on the mobile station at the same time.
The hardware in the PDA computer comprises a display screen, keys arranged on the left side and the right side of the display screen, a pendant arranged above the body, a host chip, a Bluetooth module, a GPRS module, a built-in data transmission antenna and a power supply, wherein the host chip, the Bluetooth module and the GPRS module are arranged in the body and have a dominant frequency of 400MHz or more; a totally-enclosed waterproof and moistureproof plastic steel shell is adopted; the effective display range of the display screen is not less than 80 multiplied by 80 (mm).
The PDA computer is internally provided with software which comprises a data receiving and converting module, a coordinate system converting module, a database management module, a control and broken part measuring module, a design model management system, a surveying and investigating module, a construction measuring module and a geometric relation detecting module;
wherein, the data receiving and converting module: receiving and converting carrier phase differential baseline incremental data and other data from a GPS-RTK master version into a data format of the system standard;
a coordinate system conversion module: after acquiring coordinates of known control points of a plurality of ground coordinate systems through satellite observation data with a uniform format, calculating coordinate conversion parameters, and converting WGS-84 coordinates of the rover station into coordinates of a coordinate system where the known control points are located;
a database management module: GPS-RTK coordinate observation data, field survey, design model data, standard data, system setting data and the like are managed by using a file and ACCESS database mode, and a quick retrieval and modification function is provided;
control and fragmentary portion measuring module: the system is used for quickly establishing low-level control points, performing fragment measurement and defining drawing information by using a GPS-RTK method;
designing a model management system: three-dimensional geometric design models for defining, modifying and managing ground structures such as roads, buildings, pipelines, railways, track engineering and the like;
survey and survey module: for various engineering surveys and surveys using GPS-RTK instruments;
the construction measurement module: the device is used for measurement work in various engineering constructions;
a geometric relationship detection module: and (3) rapidly completing the detection of geometrical characteristics of any part of the project by using a GPS-RTK device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is specially developed and designed aiming at civil and architectural engineering by utilizing the advantages of the GPS-RTK and the PDA computer, integrates the data acquisition, processing, application and transmission of the GPS-RTK, not only improves the operation efficiency and reliability, but also avoids the condition of resource waste of multiple and repeated processing, thereby reducing the application cost.
2. The designed special RTK PDA for civil engineering measurement adopts a larger display screen to realize the complete comparison of digital images in the civil engineering measurement; the graphic is displayed through a large screen, any space design model of the civil construction facility can be managed in a visual mode, and a geometric design scheme is directly entered into the construction process;
3. the special RTK-PDA for civil engineering is formed by internally arranging application programs of multiple specialties of civil construction, and can directly complete common measurement tasks of multiple specialties, such as survey design, land survey, construction lofting, quality control and the like, by matching with RTK receiving equipment. The work that 3 ~ 5 people of original needs were accomplished by one person, and the same work is done to the RTK instrument that uses ordinary, can save field work operating time greatly, improves work efficiency more than one time.
4. The PDA hardware of the invention is internally provided with a Bluetooth module and a plurality of GPS-RTK mainboard data formats, and can realize the wireless transmission of Bluetooth wireless data with a plurality of RTK receivers (GPS mainboards), so that the device can be connected with the output data of a plurality of GPS-RTK equipment, thereby expanding the application range.
5. The PDA hardware of the invention is internally provided with a GPRS data transmission module, and can realize the real-time transmission of remote data through a wireless network; and the system can also receive position service information issued by the urban GPS base station network to carry out real-time RTK positioning, thereby realizing single-machine operation.
6. The PDA hardware of the invention has smaller volume, and is convenient to carry and store; meanwhile, the chest-hanging type hook is designed, so that the hand is not occupied, and the field single person operation is particularly convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GPS-RTK system for field engineering surveying;
FIG. 2-1 is a front elevational view of the configuration of the PDA device of the present invention;
FIG. 2-2 is a top view of FIG. 2-1;
FIG. 2-3 is a right side view of FIG. 2-1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the computer software portion of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the civil and architectural engineering GPS-RTK measurement integrated PDA apparatus of the present invention includes a PDA computer for GPS-RTK data acquisition, processing and civil and architectural engineering application, which is combined with a GPS-RTK data acquisition system to form a rover station, receives GPS satellite data from a base station through a data link, and simultaneously completes integration of GPS differential observation data acquisition, processing, application and remote transmission of application data on the rover station together with the GPS satellite data of the rover station.
As shown in figure 2-1, figure 2-2 and figure 2-3, the GPS-RTK and PDA integrated device special for civil and architectural engineering of the invention is composed of a body 1, a display screen 2, keys 3 arranged at the left and right sides of the display screen, a pendant 4 arranged above the body, a host chip with over 400MHz dominant frequency arranged in the body, a power supply, software and the like. The double-side key arrangement is designed, and double-side operation can be realized; the hanging piece 4 consists of a hook and a hanging belt and a protective leather sheath, so that a user can hang the chest conveniently without occupying hands; in addition, the PDA computer device is designed into a hanging structure, so that a square-shaped ultrathin touch black-and-white sunlight display screen with an effective display range not less than 80 multiplied by 80(mm), a large screen display screen, a left side key and a right side key can be adopted, and the use is more convenient. The total volume is smaller than most industrial PDAs imported from abroad, the weight is lighter, a firm totally-closed waterproof and moistureproof plastic steel shell is adopted, full-digital and letter waterproof keys are adopted, Bluetooth and GPRS modules and a built-in data transmission antenna are adopted, and data are accessed in and out in a wireless mode. The special ultrathin large-capacity aluminum battery is used for supplying power, so that the working time without data transmission and high-brightness display can reach more than 3 days.
As shown in FIG. 3, in terms of software, the invention designs and develops a civil engineering application built-in software system, which mainly comprises a data receiving and converting module, a coordinate system converting module, a database management module, a control and scrap part measuring module, a design model management system, a surveying and surveying module, a construction measuring module, a geometric relation detecting module and the like. Wherein,
1. the data receiving and converting module: the carrier phase differential baseline delta data and other data from the GPS-RTK master are received and converted to the data format of the present system standard. The data format of the current dual-frequency and single-frequency GPS-RTK mainboard is set, and the output data of the mainboard can be received only by selecting the model of the mainboard. These data typically include resolved baseline coordinate deltas, ephemeris parameters, single point location data, code differential data, and the like.
2. A coordinate system conversion module: after the coordinates of a plurality of known control points of a ground coordinate system are obtained through satellite observation data with a uniform format, the coordinate conversion parameters can be automatically calculated through software of the module, and then the WGS-84 coordinates of the rover station are converted into the coordinates of the coordinate system where the known control points are located. And recommended preset coordinate conversion parameters can be used, and observation coordinates of each point can be automatically converted in real time after a coordinate system is selected.
3. A database management module: and the GPS-RTK coordinate observation data, field survey, design model data, standard data, system setting data and the like are managed by using a file and ACCESS database mode, so that a quick retrieval and modification function is provided.
4. Control and fragmentary portion measuring module: for quickly establishing low-level control points, making fragmentary measurements, and defining mapping information using the GPS-RTK method. The method comprises recording point positions and attribute elements of control points and fragment points, connecting lines and boundary attribute elements and the like. The method can be directly used for digital topographic map and cadastral map measurement required by various engineering designs.
5. Designing a model management system: the method is used for defining, modifying and managing three-dimensional geometric design models of ground and underground structures such as roads, buildings, pipelines, railways and rail engineering, tunnels and roadway engineering and the like. These design models may be composed of points, curves, and surface elements.
6. Survey and survey module: the method is mainly used for surveying and surveying various projects by using a GPS-RTK instrument. Survey investigation programs such as roads, railways, pipelines and channels can be selected and installed according to operation needs. The method can complete and design characteristic point line (such as a middle sideline) lofting, longitudinal and transverse section measurement, engineering land occupation, removal, Kam valve and other surveys of the project and the like.
7. The construction measurement module: the method is mainly used for measuring work in various engineering constructions. The method can be used for performing plane lofting (namely, setting a design scheme on the field), earth and stone volume measurement, construction progress management measurement and the like of characteristic points, design axes, ground wires, excavation lines and the like on the ground structure.
8. A geometric relationship detection module: during construction, the geometric quality of construction, including position, direction and geometric dimensions of each part, often needs to be detected to compare with design requirements. The detected error is compared with the standard requirement, and the quality of the construction quality can be evaluated in time. The system can select a corresponding geometric relation detection module according to a specific engineering field, and can quickly finish the detection of geometric characteristics of any part of the engineering by using GPS-RTK equipment.
And the baseline coordinate increment measurement data and other related data from the GPS-RTK mainboard are wirelessly transmitted into an engineering special PDA computer matched with the GPS-RTK through a Bluetooth device.
Firstly, carrying out format conversion and error check on observation data through a front-end data processing program; and then, according to the observation data of the known control point, performing precision inspection of coordinate conversion parameters and conversion of a coordinate system on the coordinate increment data and outputting the coordinates of the engineering coordinate system, wherein the obtained earth coordinates of the rover station, field survey, design model data, standard data, system setting data and the like all enter a data file and a database file on a fixed medium and are managed by a unified data management system.
On the basis of acquiring various data, particularly GPS-RTK measurement data, corresponding working procedures can be selected for operation according to engineering types (roads, railways and the like) and engineering stages (surveying, construction and the like).
All geometric data, text and data can be displayed on a special larger screen by a display program.
The device has two input methods of image contrast operation, touch screen operation and key operation, two wireless bidirectional data transmission modes, a long-acting power supply battery and a water-discharging moisture-proof impact-resistant casing design. The combined GPS-RTK system can be matched with various GPS-RTK receivers sold in the market, can directly complete the works of design and survey, construction measurement, geometric detection and the like of common civil engineering (including highways, railways, ports and docks, urban roads, pipe networks, hydroelectric engineering and the like), does not need the original work of steps such as data downloading, internal work processing, external work measurement and the like, and can obviously improve the measurement work efficiency of the civil engineering.
Claims (2)
1. The integrated PDA device for GPS-RTK measurement in civil and architectural engineering is characterized in that the PDA computer is used for GPS-RTK data acquisition, processing and civil and architectural engineering application, is combined with a GPS-RTK data acquisition system to form a mobile station, receives data from a base station through a data link, and simultaneously completes integration of GPS observation data acquisition, processing, application and remote transmission of application data on the mobile station;
the PDA computer hardware comprises a display screen, keys arranged on the left side and the right side of the display screen, a pendant arranged above the body, a host chip, a Bluetooth module, a GPRS module, a built-in data transmission antenna and a power supply, wherein the host chip, the Bluetooth module and the GPRS module are arranged in the body and have a dominant frequency of 400MHz or higher; a totally-enclosed waterproof and moistureproof plastic steel shell is adopted; the effective display range of the display screen is not less than 80 multiplied by 80 (mm);
the PDA computer built-in software comprises a data receiving and converting module, a coordinate system converting module, a database management module, a control and broken part measuring module, a design model management system, a surveying and investigating module, a construction measuring module and a geometric relation detecting module;
wherein, the data receiving and converting module: receiving and converting carrier phase differential baseline incremental data and other data from a GPS-RTK mainboard into a data format of the system standard;
a coordinate system conversion module: after acquiring coordinates of known control points of a plurality of ground coordinate systems through satellite observation data with a uniform format, calculating coordinate conversion parameters, and converting WGS-84 coordinates of the rover station into coordinates of a coordinate system where the known control points are located;
a database management module: GPS-RTK coordinate observation data, field survey, design model data, standard data, system setting data and the like are managed by using a file and ACCESS database mode, and a quick retrieval and modification function is provided;
control and fragmentary portion measuring module: the system is used for quickly establishing low-level control points, performing fragment measurement and defining drawing information by using a GPS-RTK method;
designing a model management system: three-dimensional geometric design models for defining, modifying and managing ground structures such as roads, buildings, pipelines, railways, track engineering and the like;
survey and survey module: for engineering surveys and surveys using GPS-RTK instruments;
the construction measurement module: the method is used for measuring work in engineering construction;
a geometric relationship detection module: and (3) rapidly completing the detection of geometrical characteristics of any part of the project by using a GPS-RTK device.
2. Civil engineering and construction engineering GPS-RTK measurement integration PDA device of claim 1, characterized in that: the hanging piece consists of a hook and a hanging belt.
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| CN200710092931A CN100580679C (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Integrated PDA device for civil engineering GPS-RTK measurement |
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| CN102168395A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-08-31 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Data integration processing method in designing and positioning-measurement of ballastless track layout |
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| CN101865664B (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2012-05-30 | 武汉大学 | Portable dynamic deflection displacement measuring device and method |
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