CN101129292A - Vacuum puffing process technique for Chinese traditional medicine - Google Patents
Vacuum puffing process technique for Chinese traditional medicine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101129292A CN101129292A CNA2007101475402A CN200710147540A CN101129292A CN 101129292 A CN101129292 A CN 101129292A CN A2007101475402 A CNA2007101475402 A CN A2007101475402A CN 200710147540 A CN200710147540 A CN 200710147540A CN 101129292 A CN101129292 A CN 101129292A
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Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum bulking manufacturing technique of traditional Chinese medicine, which is characterized by the following: adopting vacuum bulking technique to control and select the shape, size and moisture content of the traditional Chinese medicine to generate many pores at the cell wall of the traditional Chinese medicine; lixiviating and distilling the cell content to improve the extracting quantity of effective component or ingredient; fitting for extracting volatile oil component in the traditional Chinese medicine; opening a new path for drug value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese crude drug vacuum puffing process technique, belong to the Chinese crude drug manufacture field.
Background technology
The tradition natural drug, not only can provide satisfied curative effect as Chinese medicine for treatment viral disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, metabolic disease and various senile disease, and very big advantage is being arranged aspect health care, the life lengthening, its side effect is little in addition, cost is low, and be easy to development and use, global traditional medicine heat is constantly heated up, also make back to nature, advocate an important trend utilizing natural drug to become the development of current era medicine.
Had a strong impact on Chinese medicine quality and clinical efficacy but the Chinese crude drug extraction process is backward relatively, the Chinese crude drug quality is hard, and solvent needs penetrate plant cell wall, rely on the effect of osmotic pressure to extract, effective ingredient is difficult for proposing, and extracts not exclusively, the medical material utilization rate is low, causes the waste of medical material.
In order to improve the Chinese crude drug utilization rate, avoid waste, alleviate the Chinese medicine imbalance between supply and demand, the protection natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials, people have proposed various improved technologies or method; For example
Chinese patent application CN93100966.9 discloses serial Chinese medicine Dabu crisp medicine pieces and swollen system method, and that its swollen system method comprises is selected, box-packed case is adorned in cleaning, sheet slitting forming, crushing process, doping shaping, expanding processing, splitting sealing.Series Chinese medicine Dabu crisp medicine pieces comprises 30 kinds of single bag of packings of the swollen crisp decoction pieces of single medicinal material; 10 kinds of the swollen crisp decoction pieces class wrappings of kinds of traditional Chinese medicines.Wherein expanded is to adopt the anticyclonic bulking machine of high temperature, and described high temperature is 100 ℃.
In recent years, effective ingredient, effective site, the active component research and development Chinese medicine preparation by Chinese crude drug is the important directions of the modernization of Chinese medicine.And the first step that effective ingredient, effective site extract, as the water of routine carry, alcohol extraction process, the effective ingredient of extraction or the amount of active component are often not high, cost is also bigger, is difficult to reach the requirement of the modernization of Chinese medicine.For addressing this problem, Chinese medicine must walk to improve the road of the efficient of extraction and purification.The extraction of Chinese medicine comprises many unit operationss such as lixiviate, clarification, filtration, evaporation or distillation.Chinese crude drug lixiviate or distillation are wherein very important unit operationss, are the starting points that most of Chinese medicines are produced.Chinese crude drug lixiviate or the amount that distills out are directly connected to the utilization rate and the following process of Chinese crude drug.Chinese crude drug lixiviate or distil process can be considered as the important step of Chinese medicine production modernization, therefore, the pretreatment of research Chinese crude drug, the lixiviate or the distillation amount that improve Chinese crude drug effective ingredient or active component etc. are very necessary.The lixiviate of Chinese medicine is that solvent enters medical material, effective ingredient, active component are transferred to the process of liquid phase from solid phase, as long as influence lixiviate or distillatory factor and have the flow regime etc. of the physicochemical property of former Chinese crude drug, solvent, temperature, pressure, solid phase medical material shape, size and liquid.Vacuum puffed technology now is mainly used in puffed vegetable fruit crisp slice, also is applied to others, does not almost have but be applied in the expanded aspect of Chinese crude drug.As Granted publication CN1230085 patent of invention, it discloses a kind of is dry product and the preparation technology thereof that raw material is made with the leaves of plants, selecting Folium Mori for use is raw material, through adding manufacturing procedures such as expanded and pressure variation, can open the cell wall of contained nutrient substance in the Folium Mori, intracellular nutrient substance is easily absorbed by the body.And for example publication number is that CN1483330A applies for a patent, and it relates to a kind of processing technique of fruit-vegetable food and with the fruit-vegetable food of this explained hereafter.Adopt this technology that the nutrition major part in the plant cell is absorbed by human consumption, the fruit and vegerable breaking cellular wall functional food of having developed at present has: Fructus Crataegi, Fructus Jujubae, Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Radix Dauci Sativae, Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae) etc.The inventor is according to the ultimate principle of vacuum puffed technology, adopt vacuum puffed technology, select control Chinese crude drug shape, size and water content simultaneously, make the Chinese crude drug cell wall produce many micropores, help the cellular content lixiviate or distill out, improve the extracted amount of effective ingredient or active component etc., reduce cost, adapt to the requirement of the modernization of Chinese medicine.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Chinese crude drug vacuum puffing process technique, technology of the present invention is by using vacuum puffed technology, shape, size and the water content of control Chinese crude drug, regulate the cell wall structure that swelling temperature, pressure, instant decompression change Chinese crude drug, the effective ingredient of the Chinese crude drug except that the mineral medical material or active component etc. fully are extracted out.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of Chinese crude drug vacuum puffing process technique is characterized in that the Chinese crude drug except that the mineral medical material is carried out being put in the Bulking tank after the pretreatment, heating, and making the interior temperature of Bulking tank is 30-79 ℃, and pressure is increased to 0.1-0.9MPa, and the time kept 5-40 minute; Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank rapidly, moment is depressurized to-0.04 to-0.09MPa, cooling, and kept 5-40 minute, described vacuum tank is evacuation in advance.
Described pretreatment comprises purified treatment, shape and big or small processing, humidifying or dried.
Described shape and size are handled cutting, stripping and slicing, section or the cutting that comprises Chinese crude drug, and making the length of Chinese crude drug or thickness is 0.1-20 centimetre.
The Chinese crude drug moisture is the 5-30% of Chinese crude drug weight after described humidifying or the dried.
The length of described Chinese crude drug or thickness are 1-15 centimetre, and the length of preferred described Chinese crude drug or thickness are 2-8 centimetre.
Temperature is 40-60 ℃ in the described Bulking tank.
Described Bulking tank internal pressure rises to 0.4-0.6MPa, and the time kept 15-30 minute.
Described moment is depressurized to-0.04 to-0.06MPa, cooling, and kept 15-30 minute
Be connected by pipeline between described Bulking tank and a big 5-10 of the volume ratio Bulking tank vacuum tank doubly.
The vacuum puffed technology of described a kind of Chinese crude drug is utilized the volatile oil component in the extracting method extraction Chinese crude drug of prior art after carrying out moment blood pressure lowering and cooling.
Specifically, method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) purified treatment: will carry out purified treatment except that the Chinese crude drug the mineral medical material with methods such as dried brush, arrangement, cleanings, and remove impurity.
(2) shape is handled with size: the shape that different Chinese crude drugs requires is different with size, and with Chinese crude drug cutting, stripping and slicing, cutting or the section that purified treatment is crossed, length or thickness are 0.1-20 centimetre.
(3) humidifying or dried:, make its Chinese crude drug moisture be controlled at the 5-30% of Chinese crude drug weight by humidifying or dried.
(4) vacuum puffed: with water content is the Chinese crude drug of 5-30%, is put in the pressurized tank, and heating makes a jar interior temperature be controlled at 30-79 ℃, and a jar internal pressure is increased to 0.1-0.9MPa, and the time kept 5-40 minute.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects pressurized tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, moment is depressured to-0.04 to 0.09MPa, and room temperature cools off or is cooled to room temperature, and keeps 5-40 minute.
Vacuum puffed system among the present invention mainly is the vacuum tank by Bulking tank and the big several times of volume ratio Bulking tank, and for example 5-10 vacuum tank is doubly formed.
Preferred manufacturing procedure of the present invention is: the length of Chinese crude drug or thickness are 1-15 centimetre, more preferably 2-8 centimetre.
The Chinese crude drug moisture is preferably 10-20%, and more preferably 15%
The vacuum puffed optimum condition of the present invention is: 40-60 ℃ of Bulking tank temperature, and Bulking tank internal pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, time 15-30 minute, room temperature or cooling back were taken out and are used for extracting.
Optimum condition among the present invention in the vacuum tank is: the pressure in the vacuum tank for-0.04MPa to-0.06MPa, the time is 15-30 minute.Be under such pressure, the hydrone instant vaporization of the Chinese crude drug inside after expanded and blasting, the expanded power of huge blast can't be destroyed the active component in the Chinese crude drug in the cell wall structure that has changed Chinese crude drug.
Chinese crude drug of the present invention can be the root, stem, leaf, skin, flower, seed of various Chinese crude drugs (except the mineral medical material), really, tissue, polypide etc.
In order to save time, improve extraction efficiency, reduce energy resource consumption and production cost, developing new Chinese crude drug puffing technique is to utilize the expanded principle of vacuum decompression, in conjunction with the characteristics of Chinese crude drug, it is carried out a kind of processing method that science is handled.Its principle is that Chinese crude drug is placed bulking machine, carrying out along with the pressurization of heating, instant decompression after reaching certain high pressure, the hydrone instant vaporization of Chinese crude drug inside and blasting, the expanded power of huge blast has changed the cell wall structure of Chinese crude drug, more helps the extraction or the distillation of its effective ingredient or active component etc.
Chinese crude drug is vacuum puffed to be the deep processing of Chinese crude drug, can obviously improve the medical material utilization rate after Chinese crude drug is vacuum puffed, avoids waste the protection natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials; Save time, improve extraction efficiency, reduce energy resource consumption and production cost.Method of the present invention will thoroughly change traditional Chinese medicine decoction and have a style of one's own, and form novel form---the swelling agent of Chinese medicine preparation.This dosage form need not decoct, and only needs can take with hot-water soak, and is simple, easy to carry.Adopt method of the present invention, can realize that technical specification is: parenchyma cell sporoderm-broken rate 〉=95%; Prothenchyma (of wood) sporoderm-broken rate 〉=90%; Extruded prod water (fat, volatile oil) soluble components 〉=non-expansion product water (fat, volatile oil) soluble components; Extraction time extruded prod extraction time≤non-expansion product.Through the Chinese crude drug that method of the present invention is handled, its extraction ratio of effective constituents is than high more than 10% without the effective ingredient of expanded Chinese crude drug, and the extraction ratio of volatile oil is than high more than 10% without the extraction ratio of expanded Chinese crude drug.
The present invention adopts vacuum puffed technology, be to utilize moment to reduce pressure significantly to be the vaporization of Chinese crude drug intracellular fluid attitude instant water, inflatable thousands of times approximately of hydrone, the expanded power of huge blast makes the Chinese crude drug cell produce many micropores, more helps the extraction of Chinese crude drug effective ingredient or active component etc. or distills out.In the vacuum puffed technology of the present invention, selected suitable temperature and pressure for use, make Chinese crude drug effective ingredient after leaching process in can be easy to extract, and extraction ratio of effective constituents has also obtained big raising in the Chinese crude drug.Because the temperature of Chinese crude drug in vacuum puffed jar is lower, therefore avoid the loss of some thermal sensitivity active ingredient simultaneously, better kept the effective ingredient in the Chinese crude drug.In addition, Chinese crude drug bulking process provided by the present invention, the expanded time is short, it is short that Bulking tank is in the highly compressed time, prolonged the service life of Bulking tank, effective ingredient under such condition in the Chinese crude drug has also obtained reservation as much as possible, and the parenchyma cell sporoderm-broken rate also can reach more than 95%, and the prothenchyma (of wood) sporoderm-broken rate also can reach more than 90%.
Compared with prior art, vacuum puffed technology of the present invention makes Chinese crude drug under the condition of not adding any additives, make Chinese crude drug content extraction rate or distillation amount showed increased than existing processes, extraction ratio such as effective ingredient or active component greatly increases, particularly the effective ingredient equal size is very low for some medical values are very high, and existing technology is difficult to the Chinese crude drug or the Chinese crude drug volatile oil component that extract, highlight its special advantages, for the medical value that makes full use of Chinese crude drug has been opened up new approach.
The specific embodiment
Adopt the disclosed Bulking tank of Chinese patent ZL00206504.5, it comprises heat-insulation layer, vapor film, Bulking tank, the pipeline that is communicated with vacuum tank is arranged on the Bulking tank, and the thing that is positioned at Bulking tank is trembled and is placed on the heater, lays electrical heating pipeline and Steam Heating pipeline on heater; Heater and Bulking tank shape adapt, and push swollen jar by guide wheel.
Embodiment 1
Get 20 kilograms of water content and be 20% the Radix Astragali and pack in the Bulking tank, be heated to a jar interior temperature and be controlled at 79 ℃, a jar internal pressure rises to 0.2MPa, and the time kept 10 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, moment is depressurized to .-0.09MPa, naturally cools to room temperature.Described vacuum tank is bigger 5 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of the 60% ethanol extraction Radix Astragali, the corresponding extraction ratio of the expanded Radix Astragali is not high by 17% than 60% ethanol extraction for the astragaloside extraction ratio.
The expanded back of the water extraction Radix Astragali, the corresponding extraction ratio of the expanded Radix Astragali is not high by 30% than water extraction for the astragaloside extraction ratio.
Embodiment 2
Get the Flos Magnoliae alabastrum, the treated water content that makes is 10%, gets in 20 kilograms of Bulking tanks of packing into, is heated to a jar interior temperature and is controlled at 60 ℃, and a jar internal pressure rises to 0.5MPa, and the time kept 30 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, moment is depressurized to-0.04MPa, is cooled to 25 ℃, and keeps 10 minutes.Described vacuum tank is bigger 8 times than Bulking tank.
Above-mentioned expanded back Flos Magnoliae alabastrum is added in the vapor distillation still, adds 40% water with the medical material part by weight and carry out moisteningly, and then feed steam, continuous still 20 hours promptly gets volatile oil after the oil-water separation.
Contrast: extract the Flos Magnoliae alabastrum according to the method for prior art, pulverize, cross 20 mesh, be added in the vapor distillation still, add 40% water with the medical material part by weight and carry out moisteningly, feed steam then, continuous still 20 hours.Promptly get volatile oil after the oil-water separation.
The extraction ratio that experiment showed, expanded back Flos Magnoliae alabastrum volatile oil is than the volatile oil that extracts according to the method for prior art, and corresponding extraction ratio improves 20%.
Embodiment 3
Get Radix Bupleuri and put into tap water for 20 kilograms and rinse well, then with its section, thickness is 3 centimetres, by drying, moisture Control is put into Bulking tank 30% with the Radix Bupleuri after the dried, by heating, temperature is controlled at 30 ℃ in jar, and a jar internal pressure rises to 0.9MPa, and the time kept 20 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.07MPa, is cooled to 30 ℃, and keeps 30 minutes.Under condition of negative pressure, continue to keep thermal dehydration after a period of time, be cooled to below 20 ℃ and get final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 9 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Radix Bupleuri, the Saikosaponin a extraction ratio is than the Saikosaponin a of expanded Radix Bupleuri is not high by 25% according to the prior art water extraction.
The expanded back of ethanol extraction Radix Bupleuri, the Saikosaponin a extraction ratio is higher by 22% than the saikoside a extraction ratio that extracts expanded Radix Bupleuri not according to prior art.
Embodiment 4
Getting Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 1-3 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 5%, with the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 50 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.9MPa, and the time kept 40 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.06MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 10 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, the TANSHINONES extraction ratio is that the TANSHINONES extraction ratio is high by 25% than the not expanded Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of water extraction.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, the TANSHINONES extraction ratio is that the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae extraction ratio is high by 28% than the not expanded Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of 6% ethanol extraction.
Embodiment 5
Getting Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 1-3 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 15%, with the Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 45 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.6MPa, and the time kept 20 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.07MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 7 times than Bulking tank.
Above-mentioned expanded back Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii is added in the vapor distillation still, adds 35% water with the medical material part by weight and carry out moisteningly, and then feed steam, continuous still 20 hours promptly gets volatile oil after the oil-water separation.
Contrast: extract Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii according to the method for prior art, pulverize, cross 20 mesh, be added in the vapor distillation still, add 35% water with the medical material part by weight and carry out moisteningly, feed steam then, continuous still 20 hours.Promptly get volatile oil after the oil-water separation.
The extraction ratio that experiment showed, expanded back Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii volatile oil is than the volatile oil that extracts according to the method for prior art, and corresponding extraction ratio improves 18%.
Embodiment 6
Getting Radix Paeoniae Rubra is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 1-3 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 12%, with the Radix Paeoniae Rubra after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 55 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.4MPa, and the time kept 15 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to 0.06MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 5 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Radix Paeoniae Rubra, the Radix Paeoniae Rubra total glycosides extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Paeoniae Rubra of water extraction, and the Radix Paeoniae Rubra total glycosides extraction ratio is high by 15%.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Radix Paeoniae Rubra, the Radix Paeoniae Rubra total glycosides extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Paeoniae Rubra of 6% ethanol extraction, and the Radix Paeoniae Rubra total glycosides extraction ratio is high by 21%.
Embodiment 7
Extracting liquorice is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its cutting, thickness is 15-20 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 25%, with the Radix Glycyrrhizae after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 79 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.7MPa, and the time kept 5 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.09MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 9 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Radix Glycyrrhizae, the ammonium glycyrrhizinate extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Glycyrrhizae of water extraction, and the ammonium glycyrrhizinate extraction ratio is high by 22%.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Radix Glycyrrhizae, the ammonium glycyrrhizinate extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Glycyrrhizae of 6% ethanol extraction, and the ammonium glycyrrhizinate extraction ratio is high by 24%.
Embodiment 8
Getting the Radix Paeoniae Alba is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its cutting, thickness is 3-5 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 15%, with the Radix Paeoniae Alba after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 35 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.8MPa, and the time kept 35 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.05MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 7 times than Bulking tank.
Contrast: extract the Radix Paeoniae Alba according to the method for prior art, pulverize, cross 20 mesh, be added in the vapor distillation still, add 35% water with the medical material part by weight and carry out moisteningly, feed steam then, continuous still 20 hours.Promptly get volatile oil after the oil-water separation.
The extraction ratio that experiment showed, expanded back Radix Paeoniae Alba volatile oil is than the volatile oil that extracts according to the method for prior art, and corresponding extraction ratio improves 15%.
Embodiment 9
Getting Radix Platycodonis is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its cutting, length is 10-15 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 18%, with the Radix Platycodonis after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 38 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.5MPa, and the time kept 28 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to 0.06MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 10 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Radix Platycodonis, the kikyosaponin extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Platycodonis of water extraction, and the kikyosaponin extraction ratio is high by 23%.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Radix Platycodonis, the kikyosaponin extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Platycodonis of 6% ethanol extraction, and the kikyosaponin extraction ratio is high by 27%.
Embodiment 10
Getting Rhizoma Gastrodiae is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 1-3 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 10%, with the Rhizoma Gastrodiae after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 50 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.9MPa, and the time kept 30 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.04MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 8 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Rhizoma Gastrodiae, the gastrodine extraction ratio is than the not expanded Rhizoma Gastrodiae of water extraction, and the gastrodine extraction ratio is high by 27%.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Rhizoma Gastrodiae, the gastrodine extraction ratio is than the not expanded Rhizoma Gastrodiae of 6% ethanol extraction, and the gastrodine extraction ratio is high by 30%.
Embodiment 11
Getting the Radix Paeoniae Alba is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 0.1-1 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 8%, with the Radix Paeoniae Alba after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 40 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.8MPa, and the time kept 20 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.05MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 7 times than Bulking tank.
Contrast: extract the Radix Paeoniae Alba according to the method for prior art, pulverize, cross 20 mesh, be added in the vapor distillation still, add 45% water with the medical material part by weight and carry out moisteningly, feed steam then, continuous still 20 hours.Promptly get volatile oil after the oil-water separation.
The extraction ratio that experiment showed, expanded back Radix Paeoniae Alba volatile oil is than the volatile oil that extracts according to the method for prior art, and corresponding extraction ratio improves 18%.
Embodiment 12
Getting Radix Notoginseng is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 0.1-1 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 14%, with the Radix Notoginseng after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 75 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.1MPa, and the time kept 35 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.05MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 10 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Radix Notoginseng, the arasaponin extraction ratio is that the arasaponin extraction ratio is high by 16% than the not expanded Radix Notoginseng of water extraction.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Radix Notoginseng, the arasaponin extraction ratio is than the not expanded Radix Notoginseng of 6% ethanol extraction, and the arasaponin extraction ratio is high by 19%.
Embodiment 13
Getting Folium Ginkgo is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its cutting, length is 1-3 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 16%, with the Folium Ginkgo after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 35 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.9MPa, and the time kept 35 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.045MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 7.5 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Folium Ginkgo, the flavone extraction ratio is that the flavone extraction ratio is high by 20% than the not expanded Folium Ginkgo of water extraction.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Folium Ginkgo, the flavone extraction ratio is that the flavone extraction ratio is high by 24% than the not expanded Folium Ginkgo of 6% ethanol extraction.
Embodiment 14
Getting Rhizoma Coptidis is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its cutting, length is 4-5 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 18%, with the Rhizoma Coptidis after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 40 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.8MPa, and the time kept 10 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.05MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 6.5 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Rhizoma Coptidis, the berberine extraction ratio is than the not expanded Rhizoma Coptidis of water extraction, and the berberine extraction ratio is high by 22%.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Rhizoma Coptidis, the berberine extraction ratio is that the berberine extraction ratio is high by 25% than the not expanded Rhizoma Coptidis of 6% ethanol extraction.
Embodiment 15
Getting Cortex Moutan is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its cutting, length is 8-10 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 22%, with the Cortex Moutan after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 55 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.4MPa, and the time kept 15 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.07MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 8.5 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of water extraction Cortex Moutan, the paeonol extraction ratio is than the not expanded Cortex Moutan of water extraction, and the paeonol extraction ratio is high by 17%.
The expanded back of 6% ethanol extraction Cortex Moutan, the paeonol extraction ratio is than the not expanded Cortex Moutan of 6% ethanol extraction, and the paeonol extraction ratio is high by 21%.
Embodiment 16
Getting the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae is put in the tap water for 20 kilograms and rinses well, then with its section, thickness is 3-5 centimetre, and by drying, moisture is controlled at 28%, with the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae after the dried, be put in the Bulking tank, by heating, temperature is controlled at 60 ℃ in jar, the jar internal pressure rises to 0.6MPa, and the time kept 25 minutes.Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank (vacuum tank is evacuation in advance) rapidly, because moment blood pressure lowering in the Bulking tank makes the flash distillation of Chinese crude drug internal moisture, moment is depressurized to-0.06MPa, naturally cools to room temperature and gets final product.Described vacuum tank is bigger 6 times than Bulking tank.
The expanded back of the water extraction Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, the not expanded Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae of atractylenolide extraction ratio water extraction, the extraction ratio of atractylenolide is high by 16%.
The expanded back of the 6% ethanol extraction Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, the atractylenolide extraction ratio is than the not expanded Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae of 6% ethanol extraction, and the atractylenolide extraction ratio is high by 20%.
Claims (10)
1. a Chinese crude drug vacuum puffing process technique is characterized in that the Chinese crude drug except that the mineral medical material is carried out being put in the Bulking tank after the pretreatment, heating, and making the interior temperature of Bulking tank is 30-79 ℃, and pressure is increased to 0.1-0.9MPa, and the time kept 5-40 minute; Subsequently, open the air relief valve that connects Bulking tank and vacuum tank rapidly, moment is depressurized to-0.04 to-0.09MPa, cooling, and kept 5-40 minute, described vacuum tank is evacuation in advance.
2. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pretreatment comprises purified treatment, shape and big or small processing, humidifying or dried.
3. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 2 is characterized in that described shape and size processing comprise cutting, stripping and slicing, section or the cutting of Chinese crude drug, and making the length of Chinese crude drug or thickness is 0.1-20 centimetre.
4. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 2 is characterized in that the Chinese crude drug moisture is the 5-30% of Chinese crude drug weight after described humidifying or the dried.
5. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 3 is characterized in that the length of described Chinese crude drug or thickness are 1-15 centimetre, and the length of preferred described Chinese crude drug or thickness are 2-8 centimetre.
6. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 1 is characterized in that temperature is 40-60 ℃ in the described Bulking tank.
7. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 1 is characterized in that described Bulking tank internal pressure rises to 0.4-0.6MPa, and the time kept 15-30 minute.
8. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 1 is characterized in that described moment is depressurized to-0.04 to-0.06MPa, cooling, and kept 15-30 minute.
9. the vacuum puffed technology of a kind of Chinese crude drug according to claim 1 is characterized in that being connected by pipeline between described Bulking tank and a big 5-10 of the volume ratio Bulking tank vacuum tank doubly.
10. according to any vacuum puffed technology of described a kind of Chinese crude drug among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that after carrying out moment blood pressure lowering and cooling, also comprising that the extracting method that utilizes prior art extracts the process of the volatile oil in the Chinese crude drug.
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