CN101128394B - 氨的高密度存储 - Google Patents
氨的高密度存储 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101128394B CN101128394B CN2006800058862A CN200680005886A CN101128394B CN 101128394 B CN101128394 B CN 101128394B CN 2006800058862 A CN2006800058862 A CN 2006800058862A CN 200680005886 A CN200680005886 A CN 200680005886A CN 101128394 B CN101128394 B CN 101128394B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- solid
- storage
- salt
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 699
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 335
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100496858 Mus musculus Colec12 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- -1 sulfate radical Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- YPJKMVATUPSWOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrooxidanyl Chemical compound [O][N+]([O-])=O YPJKMVATUPSWOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical group [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical group [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical group I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Chemical group SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001631 strontium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sr+2] AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007210 heterogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/046—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/003—Storage or handling of ammonia
- C01C1/006—Storage or handling of ammonia making use of solid ammonia storage materials, e.g. complex ammine salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/26—Magnesium halides
- C01F5/30—Chlorides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/94—Non-porous diffusion electrodes, e.g. palladium membranes, ion exchange membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
- H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
盐 | 质量密度kg/m3 | 摩尔体积cm3/摩尔 | 来源 |
MgCl2 | 2325 | 40.86 | CRC手册2004 |
Mg(NH3)6Cl2 | 1252 | 157.4 | Gmelins手册1939 |
Claims (30)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA200500166 | 2005-02-03 | ||
DKPA200500166 | 2005-02-03 | ||
DKPA200500926 | 2005-06-24 | ||
DKPA200500926 | 2005-06-24 | ||
PCT/DK2006/000059 WO2006081824A2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-02-03 | High density storage of ammonia |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101128394A CN101128394A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
CN101128394B true CN101128394B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
Family
ID=35004497
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2006800058862A Expired - Fee Related CN101128394B (zh) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-02-03 | 氨的高密度存储 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN101128394B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8302379B2 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2012-11-06 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Passive ammonia-selective catalytic reduction for NOx control in internal combustion engines |
EP2419381A1 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2012-02-22 | Amminex A/S | Production of saturated ammonia storage materials |
JP2011236105A (ja) * | 2010-05-13 | 2011-11-24 | Toyota Industries Corp | アンモニア放出装置、アンモニア放出方法及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
FR2962122B1 (fr) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-08-10 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | Procede de fabrication d'une cartouche de stockage d'ammoniaque, notamment pour systeme d'echappement de gaz de vehicule automobile |
FR2991711B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-06 | 2014-07-04 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | Dispositif de generation d'ammoniac |
CN102728313B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有无定形碳的储氨混合物多孔固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102728315B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-12-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有活性炭的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
CN102728309B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有陶瓷纤维的储氨混合物多孔固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102716717B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有膨胀石墨的储氨混合物多孔固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102731054B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有分子筛的储氨混合物多孔固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102728302B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种高效多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
CN102730715B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-03-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种储氨活性混合物和制备 |
CN102728303B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种镁盐的多孔活性储氨活性混合物和制备 |
CN102744039B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有粘土的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
CN102730714B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种镁盐的活性储氨活性混合物和制备 |
CN102730716B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有分子筛的多孔活性储氨混合物制备 |
CN102728312B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有硅溶胶的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
CN102728307B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含陶瓷纤维和硅溶胶的混合物固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102728318B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种可快速储放氨气的多孔活性混合物制备 |
CN102728305B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-03-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含硅溶胶的储氨活性混合物的制备 |
CN102728306B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
CN102744038B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有镁盐的高效多孔活性储氨活性混合物和制备 |
CN102744037B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-09-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有碳纤维的多孔储氨混合物样块及其制备方法 |
CN103537256B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含有膨胀石墨和硅溶胶的储氨混合物样块及其制备方法 |
CN102728304B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 含工业粘土的储氨活性混合物多孔固体样块及其制备方法 |
CN102728319B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有膨胀石墨的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
CN102728308B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种含有碳纤维的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 |
EP2746548B1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2017-03-15 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Method and system for purifying the exhaust gases of a combustion engine. |
US11035038B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 | 2021-06-15 | Entegris, Inc. | Cold sintering of solid precursors |
US10036291B2 (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2018-07-31 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust after-treatment system including ammonia and hydrogen generation |
CN106622097A (zh) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-10 | 吉林省众鑫汽车装备有限公司 | 一种固体储氨固体模块的制备方法 |
FR3107702B1 (fr) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-05-13 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation & Res | Procédé de charge ou recharge en ammoniac de cartouche de stockage d’ammoniac et cartouche de stockage d’ammoniac pour un système de conversion d’ammoniac en énergie |
CN112169760B (zh) * | 2020-10-21 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种选择性吸附烟气中氨的烟蒂生物炭材料的制备方法 |
CN112421077B (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江大学 | 一种基于氨合氯化锶储热的燃料电池低温启动加热及余热回收系统 |
CN116639709B (zh) * | 2023-05-24 | 2024-02-23 | 山东福富新材料科技有限公司 | 一种载氢化学品撬装装置及其生产方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2019356A (en) * | 1930-05-14 | 1935-10-29 | Normelli Wulff Berzelius | Refrigerating machine operating with a solid absorbent |
US3510357A (en) * | 1967-05-05 | 1970-05-05 | Nat Union Electric Corp | Thermally activated ammonia vapor battery |
US3669743A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1972-06-13 | Melpar Inc | Rechargeable electrochemical cell with solid zinc salt complex electrolyte |
US5441716A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1995-08-15 | Rocky Research | Method and apparatus for achieving high reaction rates |
US6387336B2 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2002-05-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for selective catalytic NOx reduction |
-
2006
- 2006-02-03 CN CN2006800058862A patent/CN101128394B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2019356A (en) * | 1930-05-14 | 1935-10-29 | Normelli Wulff Berzelius | Refrigerating machine operating with a solid absorbent |
US3510357A (en) * | 1967-05-05 | 1970-05-05 | Nat Union Electric Corp | Thermally activated ammonia vapor battery |
US3669743A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1972-06-13 | Melpar Inc | Rechargeable electrochemical cell with solid zinc salt complex electrolyte |
US5441716A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1995-08-15 | Rocky Research | Method and apparatus for achieving high reaction rates |
US6387336B2 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2002-05-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for selective catalytic NOx reduction |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
权利要求1. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101128394A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101128394B (zh) | 氨的高密度存储 | |
EP1868941B1 (en) | High density storage of ammonia | |
US9889403B2 (en) | Solid ammonia storage and delivery material | |
EP1901831B1 (en) | Method and device for safe and controlled delivery of ammonia from a solid ammonia storage medium | |
EP2428490B1 (fr) | Système pour réduire la quantité de NOx dans les gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule à moteur | |
EP2051798B1 (en) | Method and device for storing and delivering ammonia from a solid ammonia storage medium | |
CN101076495B (zh) | 存储和输送氨的固体材料 | |
CN102744038A (zh) | 一种含有镁盐的高效多孔活性储氨活性混合物和制备 | |
CN102744039A (zh) | 一种含有粘土的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 | |
CN102728302B (zh) | 一种高效多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 | |
CN116534794A (zh) | 用于产生氢的铝复合物及其制备方法 | |
CN102728318A (zh) | 一种可快速储放氨气的多孔活性混合物制备 | |
CN102728314A (zh) | 一种大容量的多孔活性储氨活性混合物和制备 | |
CN102728316A (zh) | 一种镁盐的储氨混合物和制备 | |
Sørensen et al. | Integrated Micro System for Controlled Delivery of Hydrogen from Metal Ammines | |
CN102744032A (zh) | 一种多孔储氨活性混合物固体样块及其制备方法 | |
CN102728312A (zh) | 一种含有硅溶胶的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 | |
CN102728315A (zh) | 一种含有活性炭的多孔活性储氨活性混合物制备 | |
CN102728303A (zh) | 一种镁盐的多孔活性储氨活性混合物和制备 | |
CN102730715A (zh) | 一种储氨活性混合物和制备 | |
CN102728305A (zh) | 一种含硅溶胶的储氨活性混合物的制备 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: AMMINEX EMISSIONS AS Free format text: FORMER OWNER: AMMINEX AS Effective date: 20130606 |
|
C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20130606 Address after: Dane Sobog Patentee after: AMMINEX EMISSIONS TECHNOLOGY A/S Address before: Dane Sobog Patentee before: AMMINEX A/S |
|
PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: High density storage of ammonia Effective date of registration: 20130926 Granted publication date: 20120718 Pledgee: Bank of Denmark Ltd. Pledgor: AMMINEX EMISSIONS TECHNOLOGY A/S Registration number: 2013990000709 |
|
PLDC | Enforcement, change and cancellation of contracts on pledge of patent right or utility model | ||
PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20160304 Granted publication date: 20120718 Pledgee: Bank of Denmark Ltd. Pledgor: AMMINEX EMISSIONS TECHNOLOGY A/S Registration number: 2013990000709 |
|
PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: High density storage of ammonia Effective date of registration: 20160304 Granted publication date: 20120718 Pledgee: Bank of Denmark Ltd. Pledgor: AMMINEX EMISSIONS TECHNOLOGY A/S Registration number: 2016990000166 |
|
PLDC | Enforcement, change and cancellation of contracts on pledge of patent right or utility model | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120718 |