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CN101128308A - 粘接的混合结构 - Google Patents

粘接的混合结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101128308A
CN101128308A CNA2006800060097A CN200680006009A CN101128308A CN 101128308 A CN101128308 A CN 101128308A CN A2006800060097 A CNA2006800060097 A CN A2006800060097A CN 200680006009 A CN200680006009 A CN 200680006009A CN 101128308 A CN101128308 A CN 101128308A
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Prior art keywords
gluing
forms
adhesive
elements
formation
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Inventor
P·J·诺顿
A·J·德罗斯特
S·R·泰利
A·伊科特尼斯
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Dow Global Technologies LLC
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Dow Global Technologies LLC
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Application filed by Dow Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Dow Global Technologies LLC
Publication of CN101128308A publication Critical patent/CN101128308A/zh
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Abstract

本发明包括用于形成运输工具和汽车的结构元件的设备和方法,其中汽车为优选情况。本发明包括混合结构,优选地,该结构由两个或更多元件形成,这些元件使用粘合剂粘接在一起,以形成比传统的由金属制成的元件重量轻的结构元件。该混合元件还基本不需要复合模制工艺流程。有益的是,在装配、压缩以及固化粘合剂的过程中,可以使用一个或多个扣合件或类似装置来确定并保持两个或更多元件的空间关系。

Description

粘接的混合结构
优先权要求
[0001]本申请要求于2005年2月25日提交的美国临时申请第60/656,528号的权益,将该临时申请合并于此作为参考。
技术领域
[0002]概括地说,本发明涉及对具有混合结构的车辆元件进行改善。
背景技术
[0003]考虑到社会对于节能的关注的不断加强,运输工业,具体地说也就是汽车工业,在保持或增强结构完整性的同时,一直致力于使得车辆元件的尺寸和质量减小和/或最小化。在这些努力尝试中,业界在期待可选择的设计和材料,来达到这些目标。
[0004]在一个具体的方面,运输业界在期待可选择的材料的使用,以取代或补充某些典型地由以金属为例的更为致密的材料制成的车辆元件。例如,用于支撑车辆的元件的某些结构构件可以被包括混合结构元件所取代,传统地前者可能包括一个或者多个金属元件,而后者具有加强塑料元件和相应的邻接金属元件。然而,这样在制造中造成了困难,特别是对于塑料元件的制造而言,因为必须使得塑料元件适合于与相应的金属元件相匹配,并且提供所需要的结构特征。
[0005]一个这样的制造困难出现于复合模制(over-molding)塑料元件中。正如本领域技术人员所意识到的那样,复合模制要比传统的注射模制(injection-molding)工艺要昂贵得多,因为复合模制需要额外的元件和另外的模制步骤。另一个困难在于,由于模制品为开放结构,复合模制的混合元件的实质部分通常沿一轴线开放,从而产生具有强度和刚度都减小的构件。
[0006]因此,需要一种方法来利用更有效率的技术形成重量轻的结构构件,该技术可以产生以降低成本和减轻重量为目的的最佳性能。此外,还需要车辆结构构件,这种构件比传统结构构件轻,生产该构件的成本实质上也不会增加。
发明内容
[0007]本发明包括用于形成运输工具和汽车的结构元件的设备和方法,其中汽车为优选情况。本发明包括混合结构,优选地该结构由两个或更多元件形成,这些元件使用粘合剂粘接在一起形成结构元件。优选地,该混合结构的重量比传统元件结构的重量轻,并且还不需要通过复合模制工艺流程来制造。
[0008]一方面,该方法包括通过形成具有或不具有肋和一个或多个接合特征的第一塑料元件来形成车辆的结构元件。该方法还包括形成适合于与第一元件接合的第二金属元件。第一和第二元件用粘合剂粘合在一起。一个或多个接合特征,例如扣合紧固件或类似物,可以用来使得元件相对于彼此对齐以及/或者确定元件相对于彼此的三维(空间)位置。优选地,形成第一和第二元件实质上不需要复合模制工艺过程。
附图说明
[0009]图1描述了通过本发明所教授的内容形成的结构元件的一个实施方案的分解立体图。
[0010]图2描述了图1中所示实施方案的分解的横截面剖视图。
[0011]图3描述了图1中所示实施方案的装配后的横截面剖视图。
[0012]图4描述了本发明的结构元件的另一个实施方案的分解立体图。
具体实施方式
[0013]本发明基于在减小结构元件的总体质量的同时保持或改善该元件的强度的设备和方法。还可以实现对包装空间的需求的降低以及成本的降低。本发明包括具有两个或更多元件的混合结构,这些元件粘接并结合在一起,不需要使用复合模制工艺过程。
[0014]以图1到图3为参考,描述了一种根据本发明所教授的内容制成的混合结构10。概括地说,混合结构的形成包括使用粘合材料16沿第一和第二元件的两个、三个或更多粘接表面将第一元件12和第二元件14结合起来。优选地,第一和第二元件的粘接表面的结合导致形成两个、三个或更多接合点。可选择地,该方法进一步包括使用一个或多个连接特征18来调校以及保持第一和第二元件的三维(空间)关系,特别是在混合结构的装配过程中或在粘合剂的固化过程中。[0015]从图1到图3中可以看出,第一元件12可以包括具有第一粘接表面22和第二粘接表面24的基座部分20,其中第一粘接表面和第二粘接表面设置于相对的位置,并且大致位于同一空间平面上。优选地,第一和第二粘接表面适合于接纳粘合剂并与第二元件形成第一和第二粘接。可选择地,第一和第二粘接表面相对于基座部分的其余部分可以是凹进去的,从而有助于放置粘合剂并有助于增强其间形成的任何接合点的强度。
[0016]从基座部分延伸的第一元件进一步包括位于第一和第二粘接表面之间的一个或多个中间部分26。中间部分适合于为结构元件提供额外的强度,并且/或者为与第二元件的结合提供一个或多个额外的粘接表面。从图1到图3中可以看出,中间部分为一个至少延伸过第一元件的长度的一部分的脊状物,并且可以包括第三粘接表面28。优选地,第三粘接表面位于与第一和第二粘接表面不同的平面上。
[0017]可选择地,第一元件可以包括一个或多个用于改善元件的刚性和/或强度的加强特征。该加强特征可以使得在第一元件的一个或多个部分上产生凹陷、脊、凹槽或其它表面特征。这种特征可以包括一个或数个加强肋30,优选地包括多个加强肋。一方面,加强特征将第一元件的基座部分连接或整合至中间部分,因此提供额外的刚性。另一方面,加强特征可以与中间部分的不同部分连接或整合,例如内部部分,该部分可以额外与基座部分连接或整合,或者也可以不与基座部分连接或整合。又一方面,加强特征限定出一个具有轮廓的形状,该形状大致与其它元件的形状互补。这种配置方式可以为结构元件提供增强的耐挤压特性和刚度。任何达到一个、两个或其它目标的加强特征都是合适的。
[0018]中间部分可以进一步包括一个或多个表面特征以改善肋或其它特征的强度和刚性,并改善结构元件固有的强度和刚性。这种表面特征可以包括凹痕、隆起部分、凹进部分或其它特征。例如,一个或多个加强肋的部分或整个表面上可以通过一种形式或通过随机选择的形式形成一个或多个表面特征。表面特征的形成可以在第一元件的形成过程中实现。或者,表面特征的形成可以在后来的操作中实现。当然,以下情况应该是满足要求的,即表面特征还可以在第一元件和/或第二元件的其它部分上形成。
[0019]概括地说,加强特征的定向用来在构件的临界负载条件下对性能进行优化,并且满足其它功能需求(例如另外的元件的定位或固定)。在一个优选实施方案中,如图1到图3所示,加强特征可以是大致垂直于基座部分并且将基座和中间部分连接起来的肋。另外,肋可以沿第一元件以长度方向、宽度方向或其它们的组合方向延伸。此外,加强肋可以以直线布局、弓形布局或它们的组合方式延伸。例如,加强肋可以包括从模制元件延伸出来的圆形部分。另外,加强肋可以以一种采用上述任何组合方式或类似方式的形式延伸。以下情况也应该是满足要求的,即肋可以以任何数量的方向延伸并且可以与其它肋接合在一起形成矩阵(matrix)、阵列(array)或其它形式。
[0020]如附图所示,第二元件可以包括基座部分38,该基座部分具有向外延伸的弹性凸伸件40和从凸伸件上延伸出来的法兰42。第二元件包括位于法兰42上的第一和第二粘接表面44、46。第二元件还包括位于基座部分上的第三粘接表面48。第一、第二和第三粘接表面44、46和48与第一元件的第一、第二和第三粘接表面22、24和28互补,这种情况是有益的。
[0021]元件进一步包括一个或多个附属特征18,该附属特征在保持元件相对于彼此的空间朝向的同时保证元件的适当连接。可以使用任何合适的机械紧固件,优选地使用扣合紧固件。在一个使用扣合紧固件的优选实施方案中,如图1到图3所示,附属特征包括从第一元件延伸出来的一个或多个凸形部分52。在一个优选实施方案中,凸形部分位于加强肋中的一个或多个加强肋上。附属特征还包括形成于第二元件上的一个或多个凹形部分54。在第二元件14移动到第一元件12上方的位置的时候,凸形部分52以弹性方式向外引导并推动元件10的侧边,并且使得侧边沿设定的轨迹弹回至最终位置,通过这样来挤压粘合剂并推动粘合剂成形而不需要对粘合剂进行涂抹。在第一元件的弹回过程中,粘合剂可以被推向第一元件的中间部分,这就改善了粘合剂沿第一和第二粘接表面22、24的宽度的应用。凸形和凹形部分相互匹配,从而在保持两个元件的空间朝向的同时以需要的排列方式将元件支持在一起。例如,可以阻止第一和第二元件在它们的粘接表面处邻接。保持空间朝向使得粘合剂沿粘接表面具有一致的厚度,这就导致了更好的粘接强度。
[0022]还可以使用其它附属特征来保证元件的适当排列方式或空间朝向。例如,沿粘接表面的长度可以周期性地设置间隔肋,该肋的高度被选择为最终形成的粘合点的所需的最小厚度。这种附属特征可以防止在固化前或固化中由于对接合点的过度挤压而形成弱化的粘性粘接。
[0023]为了将元件连接至其它元件、框架构件或其它结构,例如车辆框架,元件可以包括安装特征。典型地,安装特征会包括(或有助于使用)机械紧固件,例如扣合设备、螺母和螺栓、螺钉、铆钉或类似物件。优选地,安装特征被整合于元件的设计中。然而,这些安装特征也可以单独形成并与元件连接。
[0024]元件可以包括其它特征以完成各种目标。可以对元件采取的方式包括表面处理、涂底漆、涂涂层或包括额外的材料层、以上方式的组合形式或类似方式。合适的表面处理方式包括改变元件中聚合物的分子状态的若干技术中的任何技术、将具有所需表面特征的材料粘接至元件或者以上技术的组合技术。通过具体的例子,可以采用以下处理方式的其中一种方式或者采用以下方式的组合方式:合适的电晕处理、火焰喷涂处理或者表面镀膜处理。合适的表面镀膜包括对金属进行电泳处理。合适的底漆可以基于所选择的粘合剂进行选择。在一个实施方案中,元件中至少一个进行了表面处理,以达到所需的表面能。在另一个实施方案中,元件中仅有一个进行了表面处理。优选地,以底漆为例的附着力促进剂不使用在塑料制成的元件上。
[0025]第一元件可以采用普通模制技术形成。这种模制技术包括吹塑模制、旋转注塑模制、传递模制、压缩模制、注射模制、夹物模压模制或类似技术。在一个优选方法中,第一元件的形成包括注射模制工艺过程,实质上不需要复合模制。优选地,在第一元件的模制过程中,形成三个或更多配合表面。此外,优选地,模制工艺进一步包括多个加强肋的模制。
[0026]元件可以非限制性地由以下材料制成:塑料(例如,热塑性塑料、热固塑料、其组合材料或类似材料)、金属(例如,钢、铝、其组合材料或类似材料)、玻璃、陶瓷、上述材料的组合或者类似材料。
[0027]优选地,第一元件的材料具有较高的强度重量比。因此,优选地,第一元件由聚合材料制成。在一个具体优选实施方案中,元件中的至少一个由高强度热塑性塑料和/或热固塑料构成,该材料从以下材料中选出:苯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚烯烃、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚乙烯酯、其混合物或类似材料。更加优选地,材料从以下材料组成的一组中选出:丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚合物(ABS)、聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈/丁二烯苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氧化二甲苯/聚苯乙烯,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚氧化二甲苯、聚苯醚、间规聚苯乙烯、乙烯α烯烃、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺(例如,尼龙)、聚酯、聚亚安酯、片状模塑料(SMC)(例如,聚酯、聚乙烯酯)、热固聚氨酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯(例如,高密度聚乙烯(HDPE))、聚丙烯酸化物、其混合物或类似材料。更加优选地,元件中的至少一个由聚丙烯制成。
[0028]还能够预期的是,上述所有聚合材料可以采用纤维来加强或者另外采用陶瓷、玻璃、聚合物、自然合成或其它纤维来加强。根据一个优选实施方案,为了加强,聚合材料包括长度在大约0.1mm和大约30.0mm之间的相对较长的玻璃纤维。更加优选地,纤维长度在大约0.5mm和大约20.0mm之间。最优选地,纤维长度在大约0.7mm和大约15.0mm之间。还能够预期的是,聚合材料可以包括一个或多个填充物。
[0029]第二元件可以由任何适合于与第一元件形成混合结构的材料制成。能够预期的是,第一和第二元件的材料可以是相同的,但优选地它们的材料不同。第二元件的材料可以选择比第一元件具有较低的强度重量比的材料。典型地,这种材料比第一元件使用的材料密度大。优选地,第二元件的材料为金属,更加优选地为钢。优选地,第一元件可以包括最终获得的结构元件的实质部分。在另一个实施方案中,预期第二元件包括额外结构层,该额外结构层应用于第一模制元件以提供额外结构支撑或提供如对第二元件进行的讨论所述的其它有益的特性。在一个优选实施方案中,第二元件由刚性结构元件形成,该元件在形状上至少适合第一元件的一部分。
[0030]第二元件可以通过针对第二元件的材料使用合适的技术来形成。例如,金属元件可以通过适当的方式进行浇铸或冲压。
[0031]本发明进一步期望使用一个或多个额外元件(例如,三个或更多元件)来形成结构构件。这种元件可以包括这里讨论的任何元件。例如,根据第一元件、第二元件或其它元件所教授的,本发明可以包括第三元件。因此,第一和第二元件可以包括额外的表面或特征以与第三元件或其他元件结合。
[0032]因此,以图2和图3为具体参考,在第一元件连接至第二元件的时候,在第一第二粘接表面和第三粘接表面之间可以形成一个或多个空腔。
[0033]使用粘合剂来将第一元件粘合至第二元件。在一个优选实施方案中,通过将粘合剂应用于元件上的一个或另一个粘接表面,在第一和第二元件之间形成至少三个粘合接合点。沿粘接表面,粘合剂可以是连续的或者断续的。粘合剂可以通过喷射、浸渍或其它方式应用于第一和第二元件的两个相应粘接表面中的一个表面或两个表面。
[0034]可选择地,本发明的粘合剂可以是结构型粘合剂、按需求固化的材料或者包括以上两种材料。粘合剂需要能够在粘接物品所需要的制造环境中实现可流动状态。粘合剂在低蒸气压力溶剂(例如,酒精、乙醚、丙酮、苯、甲烷、乙烷、其组合材料或类似材料)中是可溶的,优选地在大约100℃(212)和240℃(464)之间的温度下在熔化状态是可流动的(例如,在熔化状态可流动的、在室温下可流动以及类似状态),是可起泡沫的,是以上性质的组合或具有类似性质。优选地,粘合剂处于从大约-20℃到大约240℃之间的温度时是可流动的;更优选地,在大约-5℃到大约160℃之间;最优选地在大约10℃到60℃之间。熔化可流动粘合剂应该具有实质上低于待粘接元件失去结构完整性的温度的熔化温度(例如,在5℃到30℃之间)。
[0035]优选的粘合剂包括那些固化后能够承受汽车运行条件的粘合剂。优选地,这样的粘合剂在高至大约140℃(284)的温度下不会分解或者分层,更加优选地高至大约150℃(302),进一步更加优选地高于大约160℃(320),最优选地高至大约200℃(392)。尽管这一点并不关键,在一个实施方案中,这里应用在一个接头上的粘合剂具有至少大约500kPa(大约70psi)的最终拉伸强度,更加优选地,大约1MPa(大约145psi),进一步更加优选地,大约3MPa(大约435psi)。在一些应用中,例如使用结构型粘合剂的场合,最终拉伸强度可以高达大约30Mpa(大约4350psi),更加优选地至少大约45MPa(大约6350psi),进一步更加优选地至少大约60MPa(大约8700psi)。
[0036]此外,优选的粘合剂能够承受长时间暴露于粘接物品的周围运行条件。例如,优选的粘合剂包括那些在周围条件下或者在上述温度和压力下能够承受长时间暴露于碳氢化合物材料、氯化钠、氯化钙、其它盐类、制动液、传动液、乙二醇冷却液、挡风玻璃清洗剂、清洁剂以及类似材料的粘合剂。
[0037]粘合剂可以由任意数量的成分构成;但优选地由两种成分构成。尽管也期望采用其它粘合剂系列(例如,氨基甲酸乙酯、硅烷、或者类似材料),优选的粘合剂由一种或多种基于聚亚安酯的粘合剂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、高科技育成(hi-bred)聚酰亚胺/环氧树脂粘合剂、丙烯酸树脂、或环氧酚醛/腈橡胶粘合剂构成。优选地,粘合剂在室温下是可流动的,能够粘接低能衬底;更加优选地,粘合剂由基于聚亚安酯或丙烯酸的粘合剂构成;最优选地,粘合剂是Betamate低能表面粘合剂(Betamate LESA),例如美国专利US6,710,145,6,713,579,6,713,578,6,730,759,6,949,603,6,806,330以及美国专利公布文本2005-0004332和2005-0137370所揭示的那些粘合剂,这些文件合并作为参考。其它合适的粘合剂包括在美国专利5,539,070;6,630,555;6,632,908;6,706,831中所揭示的那些粘合剂,这些文件合并作为参考。
[0038]在一份专利申请中揭示了可用的粘合剂的成分,该专利名称为“胺有机硼化复合聚合引发剂和可聚合的成分(Amine OrganoboraneComplex Polymerization Initiators and Polymerizable Compositions)”,PCT公布号为WO 01/44311 A1,美国序列号为09/466,321,合并于此作为参考。
[0039]虽然优选地粘合剂在塑料元件上没有底漆或其它预处理的情况下使用,粘合剂也可以被使用在具有应用于一个或多个元件的底漆或其它粘合促进层的情况。
[0040]本发明的混合结构可以用来形成许多结构元件。然而,一个具体的优势领域包括运输车辆。因此,能够通过本发明所教授的来形成车辆的许多结构和非结构元件。具体地,对于汽车工业,本发明的方法能够用来形成一些元件,例如前端托架装置、车辆贯穿梁装置、后挡板/尾门装置、车门装置、引水装置、水箱端部水罐装置、油盘装置、发动机进气总管装置、阀盖气缸盖装置、排气系统元件、外部装饰、内部装饰、结构支撑或以上元件的组合元件。
[0041]图4描述了以汽车的前端托架为形式的混合结构。在这个配置方式中,前端托架10包括第一模制塑料元件12和第二金属元件14。第一元件包括适合于接纳粘合剂16的第一、第二和第三粘接表面22、24和28,与第二元件的第一、第二和第三粘接表面44、46和48形成三个或更多接合点。
[0042]第一元件包括为了额外抗弯刚度而置于中间的一个或多个中间部分26以及为了扭转刚度置于外端的平坦表面。其它特征包括额外加强特征,例如加强肋30,用于增加第一元件的强度和刚度。另外的其它可用特征包括用于将元件安装至车辆框架构件的一个或多个安装特征32。另外的其它特征包括用于容纳和可选择性安装用于车辆敞篷或其它方面的闭锁机构的一个或多个开孔34。另外的其它特征包括一个或多个额外开孔36,用于容纳其它元件、提供排水开口、减小元件质量、便于制造、加强第一元件(例如,使用弓形肋30)或其它用途。
[0043]在形成结构元件时,第一和第二元件通过第一和第二元件的第一、第二和第三配合表面结合在一起。如前面所讨论的那样,在元件装配进入结构元件时,连接特征18调校以及保持第一和第二元件的粘接表面之间的空间距离。因此,粘接表面之间形成的粘合接合点包括实质上均匀的厚度。
[0044]还可以认识到的是,多个元件或步骤的功能或结构可以被合并进入单个元件或步骤,或者一个步骤或元件的功能或结构可以在多个步骤或元件中分配。除非另外说明,这里描述的各种实施方案的尺寸和几何形状并不用来作为本发明的限制,其它尺寸或几何形状也是可能的。此外,尽管本发明的特征仅在所描述的实施方案其中之一的上下文中描述,对于任何给定的应用方式,这样的特征可以与其它实施方案的一个或多个其它特征组合。从上文看出,以下情况也是令人满意的,即这里揭示的独特结构的制造方法和其操作步骤也构成与本发明一致的方法。本发明还包括这里描述的方法所产生的中间产品和最终产品。用语“包含(comprising)”或“包括(including)”的使用还可以指代“基本上由…构成(consist essentially of)”或“由…构成(consist of)”所陈述的特征的实施方案。
[0045]这里以“第一”和“第二”为参考,并不是想要限制为仅由第一和第二项目组成的组合方式。在以这种方式引入参考的地方,本发明的主题可以适当地合并第三、第四或更多项目。此外,元素或步骤或者“一个”元素或步骤的揭示并不是想要将额外的元素或步骤排除在外。在范围前面使用用语“大约”或“近似”表示上限和下限都不打算被该范围中所陈述的数量所限制(例如,“大约1到3”意思是包括“大约1到大约3”)。除非另外说明,或者用法的上下文有指示,以聚合物的“混合物(mixture)”或“组合物(combination)”为参考预期这些聚合物的混合(alloy)、混和(blend)或甚至共聚物(co-polymer)。“包含(comprising)”、“具有(having)”和“包括(including)”以及它们的其它单词形式也可以指代更加具有限制性的用语“由…构成(consisting of)”和“基本上由…构成(consisting essentially of)”。
[0046]应该理解的是,上面的描述是说明性的而不是限制性的。在阅读上述描述的情况下,除提供的实例之外,很多实施方案以及很多应用方式对于本领域技术人员来说都是显而易见的。因此,本发明的范围不应该参考上述描述而确定,而应该参考所附权利要求以及该权利要求所表述的等价形式的全部范围而确定。为了所有的目的,将包括各个专利申请和公开文本在内的所有的文章和参考文件的揭示作为参考结合于此。在所附权利要求中对于在这里揭示的主题的任何方面的省略并不是对这个主题的放弃,也不应该看作发明者没有将这个主题考虑为所揭示的发明主题的一部分。

Claims (19)

1.一种形成结构的方法,包括:
a.形成第一元件的步骤:形成包括一个或多个连接特征以及多个粘接表面的第一塑料元件;
b.形成第二元件的步骤:形成具有多个粘接表面的第二元件;
c.粘合步骤:在每一元件的粘接表面处用粘合剂将第一和第二元件粘合在一起,其中一个或多个连接特征在每一元件的粘接表面之间保持距离并均匀地挤压粘合剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,粘合步骤包括在将各元件连接在一起之前将粘合剂应用于任一元件。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,第一和第二元件每一个都包括至少三个粘接表面。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,将第一和第二元件粘合在一起导致粘接表面中至少一个粘接表面位于与其余两个粘接表面不同的平面上。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,形成第二元件的步骤包括形成金属元件。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中,形成第一元件的步骤包括形成由填充玻璃的聚丙烯制成的元件。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中,粘合步骤包括未在第一元件上进行预处理而将丙烯酸粘合剂应用于任一元件。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中,形成步骤包括在第一元件中形成一个或多个扣合紧固件。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中,形成步骤包括在第一元件中形成一个或多个肋。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,形成第一塑料元件包括模制技术,形成第二元件包括模制或冲压技术。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,粘合的第一和第二元件形成前端托架、车辆贯穿梁、仪表面板、保险杠梁或者车顶贯穿构件。
12.一种形成机动车辆的结构元件的方法,包括:
a.形成第一元件的步骤:形成包括至少三个粘接表面以及在第一元件的基座部分和中间部分之间延伸的多个肋的第一塑料元件;
b.形成第二元件的步骤:形成具有与第一元件的粘接表面相对应的至少三个粘接表面的第二元件;以及
c.粘合步骤:在沿粘接表面的长度保持粘接表面之间的恒定距离的同时,用丙烯酸粘合剂将第一元件粘合至第二元件。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,粘合步骤包括用扣合紧固件将第一和第二元件连接在一起,其中扣合紧固件将各粘接表面保持在彼此相隔一段距离的位置。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,粘合步骤包括挤压在粘接表面之间的粘合剂。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中,形成第一元件的步骤包括形成由填充玻璃的聚丙烯制成的元件。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中,形成第一元件的步骤包括对元件进行注射模制或压缩模制。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,形成第二元件的步骤包括形成由电泳金属制成的元件。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,粘合步骤包括未对第一元件的粘接表面进行预处理而将粘合剂应用于第一或第二元件的粘接表面。
19.一种形成机动车辆的结构元件的方法,包括:
a.模制由填充玻璃的聚丙烯制成的第一元件,该元件具有至少三个粘接表面以及在其间延伸的多个肋,其中多个肋中的至少一个包括接合特征;
b.形成第二元件,该元件具有与第一元件的至少三个粘接表面相对应的至少三个粘接表面,并沿第二元件的弹性部分进一步具有至少一个接合特征,从而与第一元件的接合特征相接合以形成扣合连接;
c.使用结构型粘合剂将第一和第二元件的至少三个粘接表面粘合在一起,其中一个或多个接合特征三维地确定第二元件相对于第一元件的位置,从而在粘接表面之间形成粘合接合点,该接合点在一个或多个粘接表面的长度上具有恒定的厚度。
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DE602006011283D1 (de) 2010-02-04
EP1855869A1 (en) 2007-11-21
US20070277926A1 (en) 2007-12-06
CA2598566A1 (en) 2006-08-31
WO2006091794A8 (en) 2006-11-09
BRPI0607170A2 (pt) 2009-08-11
MX2007010319A (es) 2007-10-12
US7560003B2 (en) 2009-07-14
KR20070106525A (ko) 2007-11-01

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