CN101125314B

CN101125314B - Multi-stage multi-tube cyclone device and method for collecting granular matters in grading manner

Info

Publication number: CN101125314B
Application number: CN2006101155503A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐玉杜; 简弘民
Original assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Current assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Priority date: 2006-08-18
Filing date: 2006-08-18
Publication date: 2010-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-18
Also published as: CN101125314A

Abstract

Multistage multitube formula cyclone device and hierarchical collection are granularThe method for collecting the granules in a grading way comprises the following steps: making the airflow containing a plurality of granular matters with different sizes pass through at least one first-stage cyclone in a multi-stage multi-tube type cyclone device, collecting first-stage granular matter groups through the first-stage cyclone, then making the airflow pass through at least one second-stage cyclone in the multi-stage multi-tube type cyclone device, and collecting second-stage granular matter groups through the second-stage cyclone, wherein the air pressure in the multi-stage multi-tube type cyclone device is between 20 Torr and 760 Torr, and the first-stage cyclone comprises a intercepting pneumatic diameter d_pa50,1,jAnd the second stage cyclone includes a truncated aerodynamic diameter d_pa50,2,jAnd the first stage cyclones and the second stage cyclones are connected in series with each other.

Description

Multi-stage multi-pipe cyclone device and method for classifying and collecting granular matter

技术领域technical field

本发明关于一种多阶多管式旋风器装置及分级收集粒状物的方法。The invention relates to a multi-stage multi-pipe cyclone device and a method for classifying and collecting granular matter.

背景技术Background technique

纳米技术是未来高科技产业的关键技术，可应用于化学、光学、电子、陶瓷以及生物技术等高科技产业中，以提升产业层次与竞争力，并创造高附加价值，为我国高科技工业下一波的主力，然而，在粒状物生产的过程中，这种纳米级的微小物无法以一般的粒状物处理机制收集，因此，本案的发明人先前于2003年10月9日提出“使用旋风器收集纳米微粒的方法及设计该旋风器的方法”的发明专利(申请案号为092128213)以解决收集粒状物的问题，然而，直接使用上述旋风器收集粒状物，并无法大量且有效的将粒状物依照粒径分级收集，导致高经济价值的超细粒状物被混入细粒状物，甚至是粗粒状物中，而仅能以低价售出，以传统的旋风器为例，传统的旋风器仅能收集10μm以上的粒状物，如何有效分离收集各类粒状物，并且以分级的方式提高超细粒状物的经济价值，是本案所要解决的问题。Nanotechnology is the key technology of the high-tech industry in the future. It can be applied to high-tech industries such as chemistry, optics, electronics, ceramics and biotechnology to enhance the industrial level and competitiveness, and create high added value. The main force of a wave, however, in the process of granular matter production, such nano-sized particles cannot be collected by the general granular matter processing mechanism. Therefore, the inventor of this case previously proposed on October 9, 2003 that "using cyclone method for collecting nanoparticles and the method for designing the cyclone" (Application No. 092128213) to solve the problem of collecting granular matter, however, directly using the above-mentioned cyclone to collect granular matter cannot be efficiently collected in large quantities. Granular matter is collected according to particle size classification, resulting in high economic value of ultra-fine granular matter being mixed into fine granular matter or even coarse granular matter, and can only be sold at a low price. Taking the traditional cyclone as an example, the traditional cyclone The device can only collect particles above 10 μm. How to effectively separate and collect various types of particles and improve the economic value of ultra-fine particles by grading is the problem to be solved in this case.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了改善上述缺点，本发明是提供一种多阶多管式旋风器装置及分级收集粒状物的方法。In order to improve the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a multi-stage multi-pipe cyclone device and a method for classifying and collecting granular matter.

多阶多管式旋风器装置包括至少一第一阶旋风器以及至少一第二阶旋风器，第一阶旋风器包括有截取气动直径d_pa50，1，j，第二阶旋风器包括有截取气动直径d_pa50，2，j，其中，第一阶旋风器与第二阶旋风器互相串联，而截取气动直径d_pa50，1，j以下列方程式计算求得：The multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device includes at least one first-stage cyclone and at least one second-stage cyclone. The first-stage cyclone includes an intercepting aerodynamic diameter d _pa50,1,j , and the second-stage cyclone includes an intercepting The aerodynamic diameter d _{pa50, 2, j} , where the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone are connected in series, and the intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _{pa50, 1, j} is calculated by the following equation:

${d d}_{pa pa 50,1 50,1,, j j} = = \sqrt{\frac{99 μ μ {(({r r}_{max max,, 11,, j j}^{22} - - {r r}_{min min,, 11,, j j}^{22}))}^{22} {(({P P}_{11,, j j} - - {N N}_{11,, j j} {w w}_{11,, j j}))}^{22} ln ln 22}{88 π π {n no}_{11,, j j} {ξ ξ}_{11,, j j} {Q Q}_{11,, j j} {r r}_{min min,, 11,, j j}^{22} {N N}_{11,, j j}^{22} {P P}_{11,, j j} {C C}_{11,, j j}}};;$

上式的下标的1与j表示第1阶第j个旋风器；μ为气体粘度；N为导翼片数目；w为导翼片的厚度；P为导翼片的间距；n为导翼片的旋转圈数；r_max及r_min分别为导翼片的外径及内径；Q为气体体积流率；ζ为拟合常数；C为粒状物滑溜校正系数；The subscripts 1 and j in the above formula represent the jth cyclone of the first stage; μ is the gas viscosity; N is the number of guide vanes; w is the thickness of the guide vanes; P is the spacing of the guide vanes; n is the guide vane The number of rotations of the sheet; r _max and r _min are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the guide vane, respectively; Q is the gas volume flow rate; ζ is the fitting constant; C is the particle slippery correction coefficient;

而截取气动直径d_pa50，2，j以下列方程式计算求得：The intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _pa50,2,j is calculated by the following equation:

${d d}_{pa pa 50,2 50,2,, j j} = = \sqrt{\frac{99 μ μ {(({r r}_{max max,, 22,, j j}^{22} - - {r r}_{min min,, 22,, j j}^{22}))}^{22} {(({P P}_{22,, j j} - - {N N}_{22,, j j} {w w}_{22,, j j}))}^{22} ln ln 22}{88 π π {n no}_{22,, j j} {ξ ξ}_{22,, j j} {Q Q}_{22,, j j} {r r}_{min min,, 22}^{22} {N N}_{22,, j j}^{22} {P P}_{22,, j j} {C C}_{22,, j j}}};;$

上式的下标的2与j表示第2阶第j个旋风器；μ为气体粘度；N为导翼片数目；w为导翼片的厚度；P为导翼片的间距；n为导翼片的旋转圈数；r_max及r_min分别为导翼片的外径及内径；Q为气体体积流率；ζ为拟合常数；C为粒状物滑溜校正系数。The subscripts 2 and j in the above formula represent the second-order jth cyclone; μ is the gas viscosity; N is the number of guide vanes; w is the thickness of the guide vanes; P is the spacing of the guide vanes; n is the guide vane The number of rotations of the sheet; r _max and r _min are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the guide vane, respectively; Q is the gas volume flow rate; ζ is the fitting constant; C is the particle slippery correction coefficient.

而分级收集粒状物的方法，其步骤包括：使含有多个不同大小的粒状物的气流通过至少一第一阶旋风器；通过该第一阶旋风器收集一第一级粒状物群组；使通过该第一阶旋风器后的含有多个不同大小的粒状物的该气流，再通过至少一第二阶旋风器；通过该第二阶旋风器收集一第二级粒状物群组，其中，第一阶旋风器以及第二阶旋风器内的气压在20托耳到760托耳之间。And the method for collecting granular matter by classification, the steps include: passing the airflow containing a plurality of granular matter of different sizes through at least one first-stage cyclone; collecting a first-stage granular matter group by the first-stage cyclone; After passing through the first-stage cyclone, the airflow containing a plurality of particles of different sizes passes through at least one second-stage cyclone; a second-stage granular group is collected by the second-stage cyclone, wherein, The air pressure in the first stage cyclone and the second stage cyclone is between 20 Torr and 760 Torr.

为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特别举出优选实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下。In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the preferred embodiments are specifically listed below and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的收集粒状物的分级模厂设计的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the classification mold factory design of collecting granular matter of the present invention;

图2为本发明的旋风器示意图；Fig. 2 is the cyclone schematic diagram of the present invention;

图3为本发明的旋风机构示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of cyclone mechanism of the present invention;

图4为本发明的旋风器的另一实施例的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cyclone of the present invention;

图5为本发明的旋风器的另一实施例的示意图；Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cyclone of the present invention;

图6为应用本发明的多阶多管式旋风器装置收集粒状物对归一化参数与收集效率的关系图；Fig. 6 is the relationship figure of application multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device of the present invention to collect granular matter to normalized parameter and collection efficiency;

图7为当粒状物的密度ρ_p＝5.8g/cm³时，粒状物粒径d_p与比表面积S的关系图；Fig. 7 is when the density ρ _p of granular matter=5.8g/cm ³ , the relationship figure of particle size d _p and specific surface area S of granular matter;

图8为本发明的分级收集粒状物的方法的流程图。Fig. 8 is a flow chart of the method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to the present invention.

主要组件符号说明Explanation of main component symbols

10～多阶多管式旋风器装置10～Multi-stage multi-tube cyclone device

11～第一阶旋风器11～first stage cyclone

111～舱体111～cabin body

112～旋风机构112～Cyclone Mechanism

113、113a、113b～气流入口113, 113a, 113b ~ air inlet

114、114a、114b～气流出口114, 114a, 114b ~ air outlet

115～内壁115～inner wall

116～通道116～Channel

117～圆柱体117～cylindrical

118～螺旋型导翼片118～Spiral guide fins

12～第二阶旋风器12～Second stage cyclone

20～进料机20～feeding machine

21～传统旋风器21～Traditional Cyclone

22～第一收料器22～First receiver

23～第二收料器23～Second receiver

24～过滤器24～filter

25～鼓风机25～Blower

d_pa50～截取气动直径d _pa50 ～intercept pneumatic diameter

具体实施方式Detailed ways

请参阅图1、图8，本发明的分级收集粒状物的方法，其步骤为a.使含有多个不同大小的粒状物的气流通过至少一第一阶旋风器11；b.通过该第一阶旋风器11收集一第一级粒状物群组；c.使通过该第一阶旋风器11后的含有多个不同大小的粒状物的该气流，再通过至少一第二阶旋风器12；d.通过该第二阶旋风器12收集一第二级粒状物群组，其中，第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12内的气压在20托耳到760托耳之间。请继续参阅图1，应注意的是，本发明的多阶多管式旋风器装置10是在中度真空(20torr)至常压(760torr)的条件下作用，多阶多管式旋风器装置10包括有多个第一阶旋风器11以及多个第二阶旋风器12，其中，所述第一阶旋风器11互相并联，而所述第二阶旋风器12亦互相并联，且所述第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12互相对应并且串联，图1为收集粒状物的分级模厂设计，含有多个不同大小的粒状物的气流先经由进料机20传送到传统旋风器21中，通过传统旋风机21收集最大粒径的粒状物，该气流再流到多阶多管式旋风器装置10中，流入多阶多管式旋风器装置10中的气流会先通过多个第一阶旋风器11，所述第一阶旋风器11会先收集该气流中较大径粒的粒状物(第一级粒状物群组)，之后，该气流接着会流入所述第二阶旋风器12，第二阶旋风器12再收集较小径粒的粒状物(第二级粒状物群组)，接续，第一阶旋风器11中较大粒径的粒状物(第一级粒状物群组)会被送到第一收料器22中，而第二阶旋风器12中较小粒径的粒状物(第二级粒状物群组)则被送到第二收料器23中，最后，流经多阶多管式旋风器装置10后的气流会再通过过滤器24以及鼓风机25中作最后处理。应注意的是，本发明的多阶多管式旋风器装置10结合袋式集尘设备(未图示)或其它收集设备以协助收集粒状物，本发明的多阶多管式旋风器装置10除可结合袋式集尘设备外，还可结合滤袋屋(bag-house)、袋式过滤器(bag-filter)、高效率微粒过滤器(HEPA filter)以及静电集尘器(electrostatic precipitator)以协助收集粒状物。另外，在气流通过多阶多管式旋风器装置10之前，可使气流先通过T型三通管(未图示)，通过T型三通管先筛除过滤粒径超过10μm以上的粒状物，以便当气流通过多阶多管式旋风器装置10时，可直接收集10μm以下的粒状物。Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 8, the method for classifying and collecting granular matter of the present invention, its step is a. make the airflow that contains the granular matter of a plurality of different sizes pass through at least one first stage cyclone 11; b. pass through this first stage The first-order cyclone 11 collects a first-order granular group; c. makes the airflow containing a plurality of particles of different sizes after passing through the first-order cyclone 11 pass through at least one second-order cyclone 12; d. Collecting a group of second-stage granular matter through the second-stage cyclone 12 , wherein the air pressure in the first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12 is between 20 Torr and 760 Torr. Please continue to refer to Fig. 1, it should be noted that the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10 of the present invention acts under the condition of moderate vacuum (20torr) to normal pressure (760torr), and the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10 includes a plurality of first-stage cyclones 11 and a plurality of second-stage cyclones 12, wherein the first-stage cyclones 11 are connected in parallel, and the second-stage cyclones 12 are also connected in parallel, and the The first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12 correspond to each other and are connected in series. Fig. 1 is a classification mold factory design for collecting granular materials. The airflow containing a plurality of granular materials of different sizes is first conveyed to the traditional cyclone through the feeder 20. In the device 21, the particles with the largest particle size are collected by the traditional cyclone 21, and the air flow flows into the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10, and the air flow flowing into the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10 will first pass through the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10. A first-stage cyclone 11, the first-stage cyclone 11 will first collect the larger-sized particles in the airflow (first-stage granular group), after that, the airflow will then flow into the second Step cyclone 12, the second step cyclone 12 collects the granular matter (second-stage granular matter group) of smaller diameter particle again, continues, the granular matter (first-stage granular matter group) of larger particle size in the first-stage cyclone 11 Object group) will be sent to the first material receiver 22, and the granular matter of smaller particle size (second stage granular material group) in the second stage cyclone 12 is then sent to the second material receiver 23 Finally, the airflow passing through the multi-stage multi-cyclone device 10 will pass through the filter 24 and the blower 25 for final treatment. It should be noted that the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10 of the present invention combines bag dust collection equipment (not shown) or other collection equipment to assist in collecting particulate matter. The multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10 of the present invention In addition to the combination of bag dust collection equipment, it can also be combined with bag-house, bag-filter, HEPA filter and electrostatic precipitator to assist in the collection of particulate matter. In addition, before the air flow passes through the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10, the air flow can first pass through a T-shaped three-way pipe (not shown), and the particulate matter with a particle size of more than 10 μm can be screened out through the T-shaped three-way pipe. , so that when the airflow passes through the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device 10, the particulate matter below 10 μm can be directly collected.

请参阅图2、图3，本发明的第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12均为轴翼型旋风器，其包括有舱体111以及旋风机构112，舱体111包括有用以导入气流的气流入口113、气流出口114以及内壁115，旋风机构112位于该舱体111内且介于气流入口113与气流出口114之间，旋风机构112与舱体111的内壁115形成通道116，该通道116用以使气流在通过通道116时产生旋转，气流中的粒状物因而被赋予离心力，而撞击舱体111的内壁115，旋风机构112包括有圆柱体117以及环绕圆柱体117轴心且设在圆柱体117上的螺旋型导翼片118，其中，通道116为螺旋型导翼片118与邻近螺旋型导翼片118的舱体111所定义，应注意的是，在本实施例中，气流入口113被设在舱体111的上部，而气流出口114则设在旋风机构112下方且由舱体111的径向方向延伸出。Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12 of the present invention are all shaft-wing type cyclones, which include a cabin body 111 and a cyclone mechanism 112, and the cabin body 111 includes a The airflow inlet 113, the airflow outlet 114 and the inner wall 115 of the airflow, the cyclone mechanism 112 is located in the cabin body 111 and between the airflow inlet 113 and the airflow outlet 114, the cyclone mechanism 112 and the inner wall 115 of the cabin body 111 form a channel 116, the The channel 116 is used to make the airflow rotate when passing through the channel 116, and the particles in the airflow are thus endowed with centrifugal force and hit the inner wall 115 of the cabin body 111. The helical guide vane 118 on the cylinder 117, wherein the channel 116 is defined by the helical guide vane 118 and the cabin 111 adjacent to the helical guide vane 118. It should be noted that in this embodiment, The airflow inlet 113 is disposed on the upper part of the cabin body 111 , and the airflow outlet 114 is disposed below the cyclone mechanism 112 and extends from the radial direction of the cabin body 111 .

再请参阅图4，本图为第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12的另一实施例，其结构大致同上段所述，不同处在于本实施例的气流入口113a设在舱体111的上部且气流入口113a的设计方向与舱体111的切线方向相同，而气流出口114a则设在旋风机构112下方且由舱体111的径向方向延伸出。Please refer to Fig. 4 again, this figure is another embodiment of the first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12, its structure is roughly the same as that described in the previous paragraph, the difference is that the air inlet 113a of this embodiment is located in the cabin The design direction of the upper part of 111 and the airflow inlet 113a is the same as the tangential direction of the cabin body 111, while the airflow outlet 114a is located below the cyclone mechanism 112 and extends from the radial direction of the cabin body 111.

续请参阅图5，本图为第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12的另一实施例，其结构大致同上段所述，不同处在于本实施例的气流入口113b设在舱体111的上部且气流入口113b的设计方向与舱体111的切线方向相同，而气流出口114b亦设在旋风机构112上方且由舱体111的轴向方向延伸出。Continue referring to Fig. 5, this figure is another embodiment of the first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12, the structure of which is roughly the same as that described in the previous paragraph, the difference is that the air inlet 113b of this embodiment is located in the cabin The design direction of the upper part of 111 and the airflow inlet 113b is the same as the tangential direction of the cabin body 111, and the airflow outlet 114b is also arranged above the cyclone mechanism 112 and extends from the axial direction of the cabin body 111.

应注意的是，本发明的旋风器(第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12)的结构与本案的发明人先前于2003年10月9日提出“使用旋风器收集纳米微粒的方法及设计该旋风器的方法”的中国台湾发明专利(申请案号为092128213)所公开的旋风器构造为不同，不同处即在于本发明还提供了多种旋风器中的气流入口及气流出口的设计位置，如图2、图4、图5的设计，另外，由于本案的旋风器采多阶多管式设计，故旋风器中所适用的气压在20托耳到760托耳之间，与本案申请人所提出的前案的适用气压(在20托耳以下)明显不同，并且因为适用气压不同，故计算截取气动直径的理论方程式也跟着改变。It should be noted that the structure of the cyclone of the present invention (the first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12) is the same as that proposed by the inventor of the present case on October 9, 2003 "the method of using a cyclone to collect nanoparticles". and the method for designing the cyclone” The Chinese Taiwan Invention Patent (Application No. 092128213) discloses that the cyclone structure is different, and the difference is that the present invention also provides airflow inlets and airflow outlets in various cyclones. The design position is as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4, and Figure 5. In addition, because the cyclone in this case adopts a multi-stage and multi-tube design, the applicable air pressure in the cyclone is between 20 Torr and 760 Torr, which is the same as The applicable air pressure (below 20 Torr) of the previous application proposed by the applicant of this case is obviously different, and because the applicable air pressure is different, the theoretical equation for calculating the intercepted aerodynamic diameter also changes accordingly.

本发明的第一阶旋风器11以及第二阶旋风器12分别具有一截取气动直径d_pa50，该截取气动直径d_pa50是以下列公式推算：The first-stage cyclone 11 and the second-stage cyclone 12 of the present invention have an intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _pa50 respectively, and the intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _pa50 is estimated by the following formula:

${d d}_{pa pa 5050,, i i,, j j} = = \sqrt{\frac{99 μ μ {(({r r}_{max max,, i i,, j j}^{22} - - {r r}_{min min,, i i,, j j}^{22}))}^{22} {(({P P}_{i i,, j j} - - {N N}_{i i,, j j} {w w}_{i i,, j j}))}^{22} ln ln 22}{88 π π {n no}_{i i,, j j} {ζ ζ}_{i i,, j j} {Q Q}_{i i,, j j} {r r}_{min min,, i i,, j j}^{22} {N N}_{i i,, j j}^{22} {P P}_{i i,, j j} {C C}_{i i,, j j}}} - - - - - - ((11))$

其中，下标的i与j表示第i阶第j个旋风器；μ为气体粘度；N为导翼片数目；w为导翼片的厚度；P为导翼片的间距；n为导翼片的旋转圈数；r_max及r_min分别为导翼片的外径及内径；Q为气体体积流率；ζ为拟合常数；C为粒状物滑溜校正系数，使理论效率与文献上实验数据相符，而第i阶第j个旋风器的滑溜系数C_i，j是以下列公式推算(Hinds，W.C.，1999，Aerosol Technology，2nd Ed.，Wiley&Sons，Inc.，99.49.)：Among them, the subscripts i and j represent the jth cyclone of the i-th order; μ is the gas viscosity; N is the number of guide vanes; w is the thickness of the guide vanes; P is the spacing of the guide vanes; n is the guide vane r _max and r _min are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the guide fins respectively; Q is the gas volume flow rate; ζ is the fitting constant; are consistent, and the slip coefficient C _{i, j} of the jth cyclone of the i-th order is estimated by the following formula (Hinds, WC, 1999, Aerosol Technology, 2nd Ed., Wiley&Sons, Inc., 99.49.):

${C C}_{i i,, j j} = = 11 + + \frac{{λ λ}_{i i,, j j}}{{d d}_{p p,, i i,, j j}} [[2.34 2.34 + + 1.05 1.05 exp exp ((- - 0.39 0.39 \frac{{d d}_{p p,, i i,, j j}}{{λ λ}_{i i,, j j}}))]] - - - - - - ((22))$

其中，d_p，i，j为第i阶第j个旋风器中粒状物粒径；λ_i，j为第i阶第j个旋风器中气体分子的自由平均路径长，其值与气体压力成反比，与气体温度成正比。Among them, d _{p, i, j} is the particle size of the particulate matter in the jth cyclone of the i-th stage; λi _{, j} is the free average path length of the gas molecule in the j-th cyclone of the i-th stage, and its value is related to the gas pressure Inversely proportional to the gas temperature.

本发明针对会产生含粒状物的气流的制作工艺，设计出压力在中度真空(20torr)至常压(760torr)的条件下，可以将粒状物分级收集的装置及方法，并进行实验室的实验，其中，第i阶第j个旋风器的粒状物的收集效率可由下公式计算而得：The present invention is aimed at the production process that can produce the air flow containing granular matter, designs the device and the method that can classify and collect granular matter under the condition of moderate vacuum (20torr) to normal pressure (760torr), and carries out the laboratory test In the experiment, the collection efficiency of particulate matter in the jth cyclone of the i-th order can be calculated by the following formula:

${η η}_{i i,, j j} = = 11 - - exp exp ((- - {ζ ζ}^{' '} {(({d d}_{p p,, i i,, j j} {Q Q}_{i i,, j j} {C C}_{i i,, j j}^{0.5 0.5}))}^{22})) = = 11 - - exp exp ((- - {ζ ζ}^{' '} {ψ ψ}_{i i,, j j}^{22})) = = 11 - - exp exp ((- - 0.693 0.693 \frac{{ψ ψ}_{i i,, j j}^{22}}{{ψ ψ}_{i i,, j j,, 5050}^{22}})) - - - - - - ((33))$

其中，

为归一化参数(normalized parameter)；ψ_i，j，50＝8*10⁴(nm-1pm)为粒状物收集效率η_i，j＝0.5时的归一化参数的值；d_p，i，j为第i阶第j个旋风器中的粒状物粒径；Q_i，j为第i阶第j个旋风器中的气体流量；ζ′为拟合常数，能使理论效率与文献上的实验数据相符。请参阅图6，该图显示本发明的轴翼型旋风器对归一化参数

的粒状物收集效率测试结果，由图可看出，当归一化参数值为ψ_i，j，50＝8*10⁴(nm-1pm)时，粒状物收集效率为η_i，j＝0.5(即50％)，亦即若操作在适当的流量与压力下时，采集粒径大小可达100(nm)。in,

is the normalized parameter; ψ _{i, j, 50} = 8*10 ⁴ (nm-1pm) is the value of the normalized parameter when the particulate matter collection efficiency η _{i, j} = 0.5; d _{p, i , j} is the granular particle size in the jth cyclone of the i-th order; Q _{i, j} is the gas flow rate in the j-th cyclone of the i-th order; ζ' is a fitting constant, which can make the theoretical efficiency and the literature The experimental data are in agreement. Please refer to Fig. 6, this figure shows that the axial wing type cyclone of the present invention is to normalized parameter

As can be seen from the figure, when the normalized parameter value is ψ _i,j,50 =8*10 ⁴ (nm-1pm), the particle collection efficiency is η _i,j =0.5( That is, 50%), that is, if the operation is under proper flow and pressure, the collected particle size can reach 100 (nm).

由上可知，收集效率η_i，j与粒状物的粒径d_p有一定的关系，若粒状物为致密性(非多孔性)的，其粒径d_p则借由BET比表面积分析方法来决定，圆球状粒状物的比表面积S与粒径d_p的关系可由下式推出：It can be seen from the above that the collection efficiency η _i,j has a certain relationship with the particle size d _p of the granular matter. If the granular matter is dense (non-porous), the particle size d _p can be determined by the BET specific surface area analysis method. Determined, the relationship between the specific surface area S of spherical particles and the particle size _dp can be deduced by the following formula:

其中，ρ_p为粒状物的密度，图7是以粒状物的密度ρ_p＝5.8g/cm³为例所制成的粒状物粒径d_p与比表面积S的关系对照图，举例来说，当比表面积S被测出为10.3m²/g时，此时的粒径为0.1μm(即100nm)，应注意的是，本实施例利用BET比表面积作分析时，使用到过滤器(未图示)，而该过滤器所用的滤布的净气布比(m³/min/m²；单位滤布面积所流经单位时间废气量的比例)约为1.95，若需提高粒状物收集效率η_i，j时，可将净气布比降至1或1以下。Wherein, ρ _p is the density of the granular matter, and Fig. 7 is a comparison chart of the relationship between the particle size d _p and the specific surface area S of the granular matter made by taking the density of the granular matter ρ _p = 5.8g/ ^cm3 as an example, for example , when the specific surface area S is measured to be 10.3m ² /g, the particle size at this time is 0.1 μm (i.e. 100nm). It should be noted that when the present embodiment utilizes the BET specific surface area for analysis, a filter ( not shown), and the net air-to-cloth ratio of the filter cloth used in the filter (m ³ /min/m ² ; the ratio of the exhaust gas flow per unit time per unit filter cloth area) is about 1.95. When the collection efficiency η _{i, j} , the net gas-to-cloth ratio can be reduced to 1 or below.

若粒状物为其它形状(偏离圆球状)，则比表面积S与粒径d_p的关系需加入形状修正因子ζ加以修正，其表示式如下：If the granular matter is in other shapes (deviating from a spherical shape), the relationship between the specific surface area S and the particle size _dp needs to be corrected by adding the shape correction factor ζ, and its expression is as follows:

本发明的多阶多管式旋风器装置及分级收集粒状物的方法可有效解决传统技术中无法大量且有效的将粒状物依照粒径分级收集的问题，避免将具有高经济价值的超细粒状物被混入细粒状物，甚至是粗粒状物中而仅能以低价售出的问题，本发明的多阶多管式旋风器装置及分级收集粒状物的方法可有效将粒状物依照粒径分类，以提高经济价值。The multi-stage multi-pipe cyclone device and the method for classifying and collecting granular matter of the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the traditional technology cannot collect a large amount of granular matter according to particle size classification effectively, and avoid the ultra-fine granular matter with high economic value. In order to solve the problem that the granules are mixed into the fine granules, or even the coarse granules and can only be sold at a low price, the multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device and the method for classifying and collecting the granules of the present invention can effectively separate the granules according to the particle size classification to increase economic value.

虽然本发明已以优选实施例公开如上，然其并非用以限定本发明，任何业内人士，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，当可作些许的更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围当视权利要求书所界定者为准。Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person in the industry may make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection of the present invention The scope should be determined by what is defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for classifying and collecting granular matter, used for separating and collecting various types of granular matter of different sizes, the steps comprising:

Pass the airflow containing multiple particles of different sizes through a T-shaped three-way pipe to filter larger particles;

passing a gas stream containing a plurality of particulates of different sizes through at least one first stage cyclone;

collecting a group of first-stage granular matter through the first-stage cyclone;

passing the airflow containing a plurality of particles of different sizes after passing through the first-stage cyclone, and then passing through at least one second-stage cyclone; and

collecting a second-stage granular matter group through the second-stage cyclone;

Wherein, the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone are both axial-wing type cyclones, and the air pressure in the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone is between 20 Torr and 760 Torr. The shaft-wing cyclone includes a cabin body and a cyclone mechanism. The cabin body includes an airflow inlet for introducing the airflow, an airflow outlet and an inner wall. The cyclone mechanism is located in the cabin and is between the airflow inlet and the airflow. Between the air outlets, the air inlet is arranged on the upper part of the cabin, and the design direction of the air inlet is the same as the tangential direction of the cabin.

2. The method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the number of the first-stage cyclones is multiple, the first-stage cyclones are arranged in parallel with each other, and the second-stage cyclones When there are multiple cyclones, the second-stage cyclones are arranged in parallel with each other.

3. The method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to claim 1, characterized in that the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone are arranged in series.

4. The method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cyclone mechanism and the inner wall of the cabin form a channel for causing the airflow to rotate when passing through the channel, and the airflow in the airflow The granules are thus endowed with a centrifugal force and hit the inner wall of the cabin.

5. The method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to claim 4, wherein the cyclone mechanism comprises a cylinder and a helical guide vane that surrounds the axis of the cylinder and is arranged on the cylinder, wherein The channel is defined by the helical guide vane and the inner wall of the cabin adjacent to the helical guide vane.

6. The method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to claim 5, characterized in that, the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone respectively have an intercepting aerodynamic diameter d _pa50 , and the intercepting aerodynamic diameter d _pa50 is as follows Formula calculation:

{d d}_{pa pa 5050,, i i,, j j} = = \sqrt{\frac{99 μ μ {(({r r}_{max max,, i i,, j j}^{22} - - {r r}_{min min,, i i,, j j}^{22}))}^{22} {(({P P}_{i i,, j j} - - {N N}_{i i,, j j} {w w}_{i i,, j j}))}^{22} ln ln 22}{88 π π {n no}_{i i,, j j} {ζ ζ}_{i i,, j j} {Q Q}_{i i,, j j} {r r}_{min min,, i i,, j j}^{22} {N N}_{i i,, j j}^{22} {P P}_{i i,, j j} {C C}_{i i,, j j}}}

Among them, the subscripts i and j represent the jth cyclone of the i-th order; μ is the gas viscosity; N is the number of guide vanes; w is the thickness of the guide vanes; P is the spacing of the guide vanes; n is the guide vane The number of revolutions; r _max and r _min are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the guide vanes, respectively; Q is the gas volume flow rate; ζ is the fitting constant; C is the particle slippery correction coefficient.

7. The method for classifying and collecting granular matter according to claim 6, wherein, the slip coefficient Ci of the i-th order j-th cyclone _{, j} is calculated with the following formula:

{C C}_{i i,, j j} = = 11 + + \frac{{λ λ}_{i i,, j j}}{{d d}_{p p,, i i,, j j}} [[2.34 2.34 + + 1.05 1.05 exp exp ((- - 0.39 0.39 \frac{{d d}_{p p,, i i,, j j}}{{λ λ}_{i i,, j j}}))]]

Among them, d _{p, i, j} is the particle size of the particulate matter in the jth cyclone of the i-th stage; λi _{, j} is the free average path length of gas molecules in the j-th cyclone of the i-th stage.

8. A multi-stage multi-tubular cyclone device, comprising:

at least one first-stage cyclone comprising at least one guide vane and an intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _pa50,1,j , the guide vane being arranged in the first-stage cyclone; and

At least one second-stage cyclone, including at least one guide vane and an intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _pa50,2,j , the guide vane is arranged in the second-stage cyclone;

Wherein, the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone are connected in series, and the cut-off aerodynamic diameter d _pa50,1,j is calculated by the following equation:

{d d}_{pa pa 50,1 50,1,, j j} = = \sqrt{\frac{99 μ μ {(({r r}_{max max,, 11,, j j}^{22} - - {r r}_{min min,, 11,, j j}^{22}))}^{22} {(({P P}_{11,, j j} - - {N N}_{11,, j j} {w w}_{11,, j j}))}^{22} ln ln 22}{88 π π {n no}_{11,, j j} {ζ ζ}_{11,, j j} {Q Q}_{11,, j j} {r r}_{min min,, 11,, j j}^{22} {N N}_{11,, j j}^{22} {P P}_{11,, j j} {C C}_{11,, j j}}};;

Among them, the subscripts 1 and j represent the jth cyclone of the first stage; μ is the gas viscosity; N is the number of guide vanes; w is the thickness of the guide vanes; P is the spacing of the guide vanes; n is the guide vane r _max and r _min are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the guide vanes respectively; Q is the gas volume flow rate; ζ is the fitting constant; C is the particle slippery correction coefficient;

The intercepted aerodynamic diameter d _pa50,2,j is calculated by the following equation:

Among them, the subscripts 2 and j represent the jth cyclone of the second stage; μ is the gas viscosity; N is the number of guide vanes; w is the thickness of the guide vanes; P is the spacing of the guide vanes; n is the guide vane r _max and r _min are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the guide vanes respectively; Q is the gas volume flow rate; ζ is the fitting constant; C is the particle slippery correction coefficient;

Wherein the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone are both shaft-wing cyclones, and the shaft-wing cyclone includes a cabin and a cyclone mechanism, and the cabin includes an air inlet for introducing the airflow, An air outlet and an inner wall, the cyclone mechanism is located in the cabin and between the air inlet and the air outlet, the cyclone mechanism and the inner wall of the cabin form a channel for the air to pass through the channel Rotation is generated, and the particles in the airflow are given centrifugal force to hit the inner wall of the cabin. The cyclone mechanism includes a cylinder and a spiral guide vane that surrounds the axis of the cylinder and is arranged on the cylinder. , wherein the channel is defined by the helical guide vane and the inner wall of the cabin adjacent to the helical guide vane.

9. The multi-stage multi-pipe cyclone device according to claim 8, characterized in that, when the number of the first-stage cyclones is multiple, the first-stage cyclones are arranged in parallel with each other, and the first-stage cyclones are arranged in parallel. When there are multiple second-stage cyclones, the second-stage cyclones are arranged in parallel with each other.