CN101119493B - Method and apparatus for decoding block-type digital coding image - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for decoding block-type digital coding image Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for decoding a block type digital coding image, in particular to a method for decoding a block type digital coding image, which comprises the following steps: reconstructing a zeroth reference image list and a first reference image list of the current image according to a specific digital image coding protocol; establishing a comparison table which comprises a parameter field for storing an adjusting parameter, wherein the adjusting parameter is derived from the time sequence characteristic values of the current image, the co-located image and the specific reference image; determining a derived motion vector of the direct mode bi-directional prediction block according to the parameter field and the specific motion vector of the co-located block relative to the specific reference picture. The method and the device for decoding the block type digital coding image can improve the efficiency of decoding the whole image.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of digital picture decoding technique, particularly about the interpretation method and the device of the block type digital coding image that comprises the bi-directional predicted block of Direct Model (Direct Mode Bi-Predictive Block).
Background technology
Block type digitized video coding techniques can be divided into image frame (frame) a plurality of macro zone blocks (macroblock or MB) usually, and just wherein the brightness data and the color data of pixel (picture element or pixel) are encoded respectively.For example, in the coding techniques H.264, macro zone block is meant the imagery zone that comprises 16 * 16 pixels.The coded system of each macro zone block can be formula prediction at same frame (Intra Prediction) or stride frame formula prediction (Inter Prediction).The coded system of formula at same frame prediction is with reference to encoded block in the same frame basically, and with regard between difference encode.Striding frame formula prediction then is with reference to block encoded in the different frame, and with regard between difference encode.Usually for tending to use the coded system of striding the prediction of frame formula with the related macro zone block of the content of another frame.
In the frame formula of the striding predictive coding commonly used, motion compensation (motioncompensation) is undoubtedly in wherein occupying very consequence.The video image that motion compensation technique has been encoded in different frame is set up motion compensation block, or claims prediction block (prediction blocks), and with the displacement of motion vector (motion vector) expression with respect to prediction block.Be commonly referred to reference picture (reference picture) in order to the video image of setting up prediction block.Such as coding techniques H.264, the displacement unit of its motion vector can be accurate to 1/4th pixels.
Such as coding techniques H.264, above-mentioned prediction block can be 16 * 16,8 * 16,16 * 8 or 8 * 8 zone in a macro zone block, and these zones are called cuts apart (partition).For example, if a macro zone block is divided into 48 * 8 zone, then this macro zone block will comprise four cut zone.When cutting apart when being 8 * 8 pattern, it can be subdivided into 8 * 8,4 * 8,8 * 4 or 4 * 4 zone again, and these zones are called time cuts apart (sub-partition).Prediction block can also be inferior cutting apart.This kind is called tree motion compensation (treestructured motion compensation) with the mode that macro zone block is divided into the motion compensation block of variable-size again.Each motion compensation block can corresponding one or two motion vector.When a motion compensation block corresponded to two motion vectors, this two motion vector can correspond to identical or different reference picture.With cut apart or inferior cut zone as the coding techniques of motion compensated prediction unit, such as H.264, be positioned at same cut apart or the block of inferior cut zone will be corresponding to identical prediction block and identical motion vector.
In the typical coding techniques, bi-directional predicted block (bi-predictive block) is a kind of important frame formula of striding prediction block, and it can have the motion vector with reference to two different reference pictures.The compress mode that comprises a kind of Direct Model (directmode) such as coding techniques H.264, the motion vector of its block is not stored in the coding bit string (bitstream), but push away with respect to the motion vector of certain reference picture by the temporal aspect value of associated picture (picture order count for example, Picture Order Count or be called for short POC) and particular block.Because coding does not comprise motion vector, suitable Direct Model image encoded or block can reach better compression efficiency.
Above-mentioned associated picture comprises the common bit image (co-located picture) of present image (be the image at present block place, block is meant in the processing or the block in the decoding at present), present image and is total to the certain reference picture of position block (co-located block).And above-mentioned particular block is meant common position block.Altogether bit image is meant the reference picture of the bi-directional predicted block of all Direct Model (or being called the B_Direct block) in the present image, and a position block then is in the common bit image and the present identical block of block coordinate position altogether.
Below referring to Fig. 1, it shows the schematic diagram that concerns of associated picture and related data structures in Direct Model.As shown in Figure 1, image C urPic comprises the bi-directional predicted present block CurBlk of a direct pattern at present, and bit image ColPic comprises definition common position block ColBlk as above altogether.Please note common position block ColBlk not necessarily Direct Model block or bi-directional predicted block, even can not be one and stride frame formula prediction block (meaning does not promptly have motion vector), only consider that a position block ColBlk has the situation of motion vector altogether below right.Fig. 1 also comprises a mapping image (mapped picture) MapPic, and it is the certain reference picture of the motion vector correspondence of common position block ColBlk.
In image C urPic deciphers at present, must obtain the reference image information of all Direct Model blocks among the present image C urPic.These reference image informations can be stored in the specific image of decoding storage area, for example frame buffer zone (frame buffer) or other memory locations.The so-called reference image information of this paper comprises the interpret data of reference picture, for example pixel original value, picture order count and motion vector or the like.Reference image information can see through the in addition access of access information of reference picture.Access information is meant can be now with the address information of access particular data, and for example it can be, but is not limited to, and corresponds to the index (indices) or the pointer (pointers) of particular data storage area.The 0th reference picture list L0 shown in Figure 1 and the first reference picture list L1 promptly store the access information of all the Direct Model blocks possibility corresponding reference images among the present image C urPic respectively.The most important thing is that wherein index value among the first reference picture list L1 is 0 project, it stores the access information ColPicRef of bit image ColPic altogether.In other words, see through the interpret data that the first reference picture list L1 promptly can obtain common bit image ColPic.The access information MapPicRef of mapping image M apPic then can obtain in the 0th reference picture list L0, but it may be arranged in arbitrary project of the 0th reference picture list L0.The 0th reference picture list L0 and the first reference picture list L1 that Fig. 1 shows contain 32 projects respectively.In addition, the mvCol shown in the dotted line is that expression is total to the motion vector of position block ColBlk with respect to mapping image M apPic among the figure.
The related notion that the motion vector of the bi-directional predicted block CurBlk of Fig. 2 illustration Direct Model is known method by inference, wherein mvL0 and mvL1 are the motion vectors of the block CurBlk that desires to ask for, mvCol is the motion vector of common position block ColBlk with respect to mapping image M apPic, tb is the image sequence distance (Picture Order Distance) of present image C urPic and mapping image M apPic, and td then is the image sequence distance of common bit image ColPic and mapping image M apPic.But wherein all picture order count derivation of autocorrelogram picture of tb and td.Motion vector mvL0 and mvL1 can be derived by mvCol, tb and td, for example under the situation of agreement H.264:
tx＝tb×(16384+abs(td/2))/td (1.a)
mvL0＝mvCol×tx (1.b)
mvL1＝mvL0-mvCol (1.c)，
Wherein tx is called distance adjustment parameter (distance scalar), is the parameter that is derived by tb and td, and abs () then is the function that takes absolute value.For example in the MPEG4 agreement, can derive mvL0 and mvL1 again by following formula:
tx＝tb/td (2.a)
mvL0＝mvCol×tx (2.b)
mvL1＝mvL0-mvCol (2.c)。
The decoding of the bi-directional predicted block CurBlk of Direct Model mainly be to ask for as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 motion vector mvL1, mvL0 with and corresponding reference image (bit image ColPic and mapping image M apPic altogether) respectively.As the explanation of Fig. 2 as can be known, its picture order count value that also must obtain present image C urPic, common bit image ColPic and mapping image M apPic is adjusted parametric t x to ask for image sequence apart from tb, td, distance, thus and derivation motion vector mvL0 and mvL1.The derivation process need of these motion vectors mvL0 and mvL1 is searched mapping image M apPic in the decoding handling procedure of each Direct Model block CurBlk in the 0th reference picture list L0, and this search process takies many times.In addition, by the aforementioned calculation formula as can be known, distance is adjusted parametric t x need use division, if directly calculate in each Direct Model block CurBlk, also will consume a large amount of calculation resources.
Based on the shortcoming of above known technology, it is necessary to propose a kind of method of improvement, asks for the efficient of the bi-directional predicted block motion vectors of Direct Model with lifting, thus and the usefulness of promoting general image decoding.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of block type digital coding image interpretation method of improvement, asks for the efficient of the bi-directional predicted block motion vectors of Direct Model with lifting, thus and the usefulness of promoting general image decoding.
The present invention proposes a kind of device of realizing above-mentioned block type digital coding image interpretation method.
A characteristic of the present invention is to utilize the foundation in advance of the table of comparisons, avoids a large amount of repetition seek actions and computing consuming time, thereby promotes the decoding efficiency of the bi-directional predicted block of Direct Model.
The present invention proposes a kind of interpretation method of block type digital coding image, it may further comprise the steps: the 0th reference picture list and first reference picture list of rebuilding present image according to optional network specific digit image encoding agreement, wherein above-mentioned present image comprises and connects the bi-directional predicted block of pattern always, and the 0th reference picture list and first reference picture list store at present the access information of decipher image; See through first reference picture list and obtain the access information of the common bit image of present image, this common bit image comprises the common position block of the bi-directional predicted block of above-mentioned Direct Model, altogether a position block be in the common bit image with the identical block of the bi-directional predicted block coordinate of above-mentioned Direct Model; See through the access information that is total to bit image and obtain a particular index value, and see through the access information that this particular index value obtains a certain reference picture of above-mentioned position altogether block; Search this 0th reference picture list to determine a reference key value, this reference key value corresponds to the position of depositing aforementioned certain reference picture access information in the 0th reference picture list; The reference key value is deposited in an index field that is worth pairing project in first data structure by aforementioned particular index; And according to the temporal aspect value of present image, altogether temporal aspect value, the certain reference picture of bit image the temporal aspect value and altogether the position block determine the derivation motion vector of the bi-directional predicted block of aforementioned Direct Model with respect to the particular motion vector of certain reference picture.
The present invention provides a kind of interpretation method of block type digital coding image in addition, may further comprise the steps: one the 0th reference picture list and one first reference picture list of rebuilding a present image according to a digital image coding agreement, this present image comprises and connects the bi-directional predicted block of pattern always that this 0th reference picture list and this first reference picture list store at present the access information of decipher image; Set up comparison list, the project of this table of comparisons comprises a parameter field, this parameter field stores one and adjusts parameter, this adjustments parameter be by a temporal aspect value of this present image, altogether bit image this temporal aspect value and altogether this temporal aspect value of a certain reference picture of a block derived; And according to the particular motion vector of the common position of this parameter field and this block with respect to this certain reference picture, determine one of the bi-directional predicted block of this Direct Model to derive motion vector, wherein altogether the access information of bit image is positioned at this first reference picture list, and altogether a position block be in this common bit image with the identical block of the bi-directional predicted block coordinate of this Direct Model.
The present invention also comprises a kind of code translator of block type digital coding image, and it comprises that reference picture list reconstruction unit, the table of comparisons set up unit and motion vector lead-out unit.The reference picture list reconstruction unit is rebuild the 0th reference picture list and first reference picture list of present image according to a digital image coding agreement, image comprises the bi-directional predicted block of Direct Model at present, and the 0th reference picture list and first reference picture list store at present the access information of decipher image.The table of comparisons is set up the unit in order to set up comparison list, and it comprises an index field, corresponds to the reference key value of this 0th reference picture list in order to storage.The motion vector lead-out unit utilizes the aforesaid table of comparisons to obtain the access information of the certain reference picture of position block altogether, and according to the temporal aspect value of the temporal aspect value of the common bit image at block place, position altogether, aforementioned certain reference picture and altogether the position block determine the derivation motion vector of the bi-directional predicted block of this Direct Model with respect to the particular motion vector of this certain reference picture.
The interpretation method of block type digital coding image of the present invention and device, the usefulness that can promote general image decoding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram that concerns of associated picture and related data structures in the Direct Model.
The related notion that the motion vector of the bi-directional predicted block of Fig. 2 illustration Direct Model is known method by inference.
Fig. 3 A show according to the block type digital coding image interpretation method of one embodiment of the invention with and the relation of main flow process and related data structures.
Fig. 3 B shows the further details according to the Direct Model block processes program of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 A illustration sees through the related data structures that the particular index value obtains common position block reference picture access information according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 B illustration sees through the related data structures that the particular index value obtains the reference picture access information of common position block according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the block schematic diagram according to block type digital coding image code translator of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below will cooperate correlative type to set forth details of the present invention, identical numbering or mark represented components identical or notion during difference was graphic.Access information is meant can be now with the address information of access particular data, and for example access information can be, but is not limited to, and corresponds to the index or the pointer of particular data storage area.In addition, the block of mentioning below this paper can be one 8 * 8 or 16 * 16 pixel region.
Fig. 3 A show according to the block type digital coding image interpretation method 300 of one embodiment of the invention with and the relation of main flow process and related data structures.Block type digital coding image interpretation method 300 is the decoding flow processs at a present image C urPic, and it comprises image pre-process program 302, Direct Model block processes program 304 and block translator 306.
Image pre-process program 302 is according to the 0th reference picture list L0 and the first reference picture list L1 that rebuild present image C urPic such as coding protocol H.264, as previously mentioned, it stores the access information of the reference picture of the decipher that all Direct Model blocks may be corresponding among the present image C urPic respectively.For example, index value is the common bit image access information ColPicRef of 0 the present image C urPic of items storing among the first reference picture list L1.Utilization bit image access information ColPicRef altogether can obtain the common bit image ColPic data of decipher, comprises the particular motion vector mvCol of aforesaid position altogether block.
Direct Model block processes program 304 is mainly in the table of comparisons (lookup table) LTX or other equivalent data structures set up based on a particular index value.The project of table of comparisons LTX can comprise the index field of reference key (reference index) L0RefIdx that deposits the 0th reference picture list L0 and/or deposit the parameter field that distance is adjusted parametric t x.Wherein the 0th reference picture list L0 reference key L0RefIdx that deposits of index field corresponds to the project of the mapping image M apPic access information of depositing present image C urPic among the 0th reference picture list L0.Mapping image M apPic is the image of the particular motion vector mvCol institute reference of common position block ColBlk.Altogether a position block ColBlk then be among the common bit image Col Pic with present block CurBlk (the bi-directional predicted block of a direct pattern) block that coordinate position is identical.
Direct Model block processes program 304 is to utilize the first reference picture list L1 to set up table of comparisons LTX.Below will cooperate other graphic its details that further specifies.
Fig. 3 B shows the further details according to the Direct Model block processes program 304 of one embodiment of the invention.It is the access information ColPicRef that 0 project obtains the common bit image ColPic of present image C urPic that step 3040 sees through the first reference picture list L1 index value.Altogether bit image ColPic comprises the common position block ColBlk of the bi-directional predicted block CurBlk of Direct Model, promptly altogether among the bit image ColPic with the identical block of the bi-directional predicted block CurBlk of Direct Model coordinate.
Step 3042 sees through altogether, and bit image access information ColPicRef obtains a particular index value KeyPicRefIdx, and see through the access information MapPicRef that this particular index value KeyPicRefIdx obtains the above-mentioned reference picture MapPic of common position block ColBlk (be the mapping image, the reference picture of the motion vector mvCol of position block ColBlk) altogether.The reference image data of position block ColBlk can have various different modes to be stored in the memory altogether.As long as can see through the data that particular index value KeyPicRefIdx directly or indirectly obtains mapping image M apPic, be spirit of the present invention and contain.
Below explanation is referring to Fig. 4 A, its illustration according to one embodiment of the invention see through particular index value KeyPicRefIdx obtain common position block ColBlk reference picture access information MapPicRef related data structures.In the present embodiment, particular index value KeyPicRefIdx is the reference key of the reference picture list Lc (can be common bit image ColPic according to the 0th reference picture list L0c or the first reference picture list Llc such as H.264 coding protocol defined) of common bit image ColPic, and it corresponds to the position of depositing reference picture access information MapPicRef among the reference picture list Lc.See through the decipher information (for example pixel value after picture order count, the decipher) that reference picture access information MapPicRef can access mapping image M apPic.Among Fig. 4 A, the decipher information storage of mapping image M apPic is in mapping image buffer MapPicBuf.Mapping image buffer MapPicBuf then is arranged in the image of the decoding storage area DecBuf such as frame buffer zone.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, can also deposit in respectively in the different storage buffers such as the pixel value after picture order count and the decipher.As long as see through all decipher information that reference picture access information MapPicRef can obtain mapping image M apPic, all should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 4 B illustration sees through the related data structures that particular index value KeyPicRefIdx obtains the reference picture access information MapPicRef of common position block ColBlk according to another embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, particular index value KeyPicRefIdx itself promptly is reference picture access information MapPicRef.In other words, the decipher information that particular index value KeyPicRefIdx itself promptly can direct access mapping image M apPic.
No matter be the mode that adopts Fig. 4 A or Fig. 4 B, particular index value KeyPicRefIdx is definite when bit image ColPic decoding is finished altogether.In other words, particular index value KeyPicRefIdx can be considered as the part of common bit image ColPic decipher information, and bit image access information ColPicRef obtains and can see through altogether.
Get back to Fig. 3 B, and jointly referring to Fig. 4 A or Fig. 4 B.Step 3044 is searched the 0th reference picture list L0 of present image C urPic to determine a reference key value L0RefIdx.Shown in Fig. 4 A or Fig. 4 B, reference key value L0RefIdx corresponds to the project of depositing reference picture access information MapPicRef among the 0th reference picture list L0.
Step 3046 deposits reference key value L0RefIdx in one index field of the pairing project of particular index value KeyPicRefIdx among the table of comparisons LTX.Step 3048 utilizes the picture order count value of present image C urPic, its common bit image ColPic and its mapping image M apPic to calculate the parameter field that distance is adjusted parametric t x (for example, can according to formula 1.a or formula 2.a) and deposited the project of particular index value KeyPicRefIdx indication among the table of comparisons LTX in.
By above announcement as can be known, step 3040 is to 3046 being the flow processs of setting up of table of comparisons LTX.Can set up complete table of comparisons LTX to each the block repeating step 3040 to 3046 among the present image C urPic.
306 decodings of carrying out present image C urPic of block translator, it can be that unit is deciphered with the macro zone block.The decoding of the bi-directional predicted block of Direct Model among the image C urPic at present utilizes table of comparisons LTX to promote its efficient.Since derive the distance of the Direct Model motion vector mvL0 of present image C urPic and mvL1 adjust parameter all fast the lookup table mode parameter field that sees through table of comparisons LTX obtain, therefore whole decoding efficiency is promoted.The 0th reference picture list L0 reference key L0RefIdx that the index field is deposited can export and give other modules uses in the decoder.Particularly, the distance that block translator 306 is deposited according to the parameter field of table of comparisons LTX is adjusted parametric t x and is total to the particular motion vector mvCol of position block ColBlk with respect to certain reference picture MapPic, one of decision Direct Model bi-directional predicted block CurBlk derives motion vector (for example, can according to formula 1.b or formula 2.b).
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the table of comparisons LTX that Direct Model block processes program 304 is set up can not have the parameter field of depositing above-mentioned distance adjustment parametric t x, and block translator 306 still can according to the picture order count value of present image C urPic, altogether picture order count value, the certain reference picture MapPic of bit image ColPic the picture order count value and position block ColBlk is with respect to the particular motion vector mvCol of certain reference picture MapPic altogether, one of the bi-directional predicted block CurBlk of decision Direct Model derives motion vector.
The present invention also comprises a kind of block type digital coding image code translator of realizing above announcement.Fig. 5 shows the block schematic diagram according to block type digital coding image code translator 500 of the present invention, and it comprises that reference picture list reconstruction unit 510, the table of comparisons set up unit 520 and motion vector lead-out unit 530.Reference picture list reconstruction unit 510 can be carried out announcement image pre-process program 302 as above.In other words, reference picture list reconstruction unit 510 can be according to the 0th reference picture list L0 that rebuilds present image C urPic such as coding protocol H.264 and the first reference picture list L1.The table of comparisons is set up unit 520 and can be carried out as step 3040 to 3046 table of comparisons creation facilities program (CFP)s that disclosed, and the project of this table of comparisons can comprise an index field.By step 3044 and 3046 as can be known, this index field storage one corresponds to the reference key value of the 0th reference picture list L0.Motion vector lead-out unit 530 can be carried out above-mentioned block translator 306, its distance of depositing according to the parameter field of table of comparisons LTX adjusts parametric t x and position block ColBlk is with respect to the particular motion vector mvCol of certain reference picture MapPic altogether, and one of the bi-directional predicted block CurBlk of decision Direct Model derives motion vector.Unit 520 set up by reference picture list reconstruction unit 510, the table of comparisons and motion vector lead-out unit 530 can be interior software module of microprocessor architecture design or Digital Signal Processing framework or the logic module in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (application specific integrating circuit or the ASIC) framework.Those skilled in the art should utilize procedure code or the logic element finished with respect to present embodiment easily based on the present invention's announcement as above.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; so it is not in order to limit scope of the present invention; any personnel that are familiar with this technology; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can do further improvement and variation on this basis, so the scope that claims were defined that protection scope of the present invention is worked as with the application is as the criterion.
Being simply described as follows of symbol in the accompanying drawing:
300: the block type digital coding image interpretation method
302-306: the step of block type digital coding image interpretation method
3042-3046: the step of block type digital coding image interpretation method
500: the block type digital coding image code translator
510: the reference picture list reconstruction unit
520: the table of comparisons is set up the unit
530: the motion vector lead-out unit
CurPic: present image
ColPic: be total to bit image
MapPic: mapping image
CurBlk: present block
ColBlk: be total to the position block
MvCol: the particular motion vector that is total to the position block
MvL0: present block motion vector to be determined
MvLl: present block motion vector to be determined
L0: the 0th reference picture list
L1: first reference picture list
Lc: the reference picture list that is total to bit image
LTX: the table of comparisons
DecBuf: deciphered the image storage area
MapPicBuf: mapping image buffer
KeyPicRefIdx: the particular index value of table of comparisons LTX institute basis
ColPicRef: be total to the bit image access information
MapPicRef: mapping image access information
L0RefIdx: the reference key of the 0th reference picture list L0
Tb: the image sequence distance of present image and mapping image
Td: the image sequence distance that is total to bit image and mapping image
Tx: distance is adjusted parameter
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| CN1535025A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2004-10-06 | �й���ѧԺ�����о��� | Method for obtaining image reference block under fixed reference frame number coding mode |
| US20070019731A1 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-25 | Tsung-Chieh Huang | Method for calculating a direct mode motion vector for a bi-directionally predictive-picture |
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| US11490091B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2022-11-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for determining reference picture set of image |
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| US12137226B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2024-11-05 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for determining reference picture set of image |
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