CN101066805A - A high-efficiency anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses one kind of efficient anaerobic ammoxidation reactor comprising a reactor body and support legs. The reactor body has a sludge settling chamber with triphase separator, overflow weir, liquid sealing groove, liquid seal water level controller and liquid seal groove slag exhaust pipe; a flaring chamber with conic baffle; an upward flow reactor with stuffng; a cyclonic water distributor; said a four-way pipe comprising a water inlet pipe, a sludge exhaust pipe and an outer circulating pipe. The present invention has capacity of efficiently remaining anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria, great anaerobic ammoxidation capacity, high impact resistance and other advantages.

Description

A high-efficiency anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor

technical field

The invention relates to a high-efficiency anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor.

Background technique

With the development of industrial and agricultural production and the improvement of people's living standards, the discharge of nitrogenous organic matter has increased dramatically. Secondary biological treatment has been launched one after another. Although it has played a good role in curbing organic pollution, the high nitrogen content in the effluent is still a serious source of environmental pollution. Nitrogen pollution is extremely harmful. Ammonia entering the water body can not only induce "eutrophication" and cause the disorder of the aquatic ecosystem, but also consume dissolved oxygen, resulting in hypoxia in the water body, affecting the oxygen transfer of strontium in fish, making fish Lethal; react with chlorine gas to form chloramine, which affects chlorination disinfection treatment. Therefore, it is imperative to control nitrogen pollution economically and effectively.

There are many methods for denitrification of wastewater, including physical, chemical and biological methods. Due to various reasons, the application of physical and chemical methods is greatly restricted. At present, biological denitrification technology is mainly used at home and abroad. Anammox reaction can convert ammonia and nitrite into nitrogen gas, eliminating the impact of ammonia on the environment. Therefore, the research and development of anammox reactor has important practical significance.

The existing anammox reactors are mainly evolved from anaerobic reactors. In order to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of microorganisms (activated sludge) in the device for anaerobic ammonium oxidation, a secondary sedimentation tank is generally built after the anaerobic reactor to separate the activated sludge, on the one hand to meet the needs of the anaerobic reactor Activated sludge, on the other hand, meets the requirements of effluent water quality. Separating the activated sludge with the secondary settling tank and sending it back to the anaerobic reactor through the reflux pump not only increases the equipment and consumes power, but also destroys the structure of the activated sludge, which is not conducive to the formation of granular sludge with excellent sedimentation performance and the separation of sludge and water.

In view of the above defects of the anaerobic reactor, this design tries to ensure uniform water inflow by setting a unique water distributor; set packing in the upflow reaction chamber to retain high-activity anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge; A three-phase separator is installed to recycle sludge and increase sludge concentration; to stabilize the quality of the effluent and enhance mass transfer through effluent backflow. Tests have proved that the new high-efficiency anammox reactor developed accordingly has good anammox performance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor.

The high-efficiency anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor has a reactor body and legs. The reactor body is equipped with a sludge settling chamber, a gradual expansion chamber, and an upflow reaction chamber in sequence from top to bottom. A swirl water distributor is installed inside the bottom of the reactor body. , the outside of the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a four-way pipe consisting of a water inlet pipe, a mud discharge pipe, and the inlet of an external circulation pipe. There are cross-shaped grids on the upper and lower sides of the upflow reaction chamber, and a cross-shaped grid between the upper and lower cross-shaped grids. There is packing, the upper part of the gradual expansion chamber is equipped with an overflow conical baffle, the sludge settling chamber is equipped with a three-phase separator, and the upper side wall of the sludge settling chamber is equipped with an overflow weir, an outlet pipe of the overflow weir, a liquid seal tank, and a liquid seal tank. There is a liquid seal water level control pipe in the seal tank, a liquid seal tank slag discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the liquid seal tank, and an external circulation pipe outlet is provided on the top of the reactor body. The three-phase separator is composed of a gas collecting hood and a throat pipe. Ventilation holes are opened on the top, and multiple sampling ports are provided on the side wall of the reactor body.

The height-to-diameter ratio of the reactor body H/D is 2.5-4.0, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area _S1 of the upflow reaction chamber to the cross-sectional area _S2 of the sludge settling chamber is 1:2.0-3.0. The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S1 of the chamber to the maximum cross-sectional area _S3 of the gas collecting hood at the lower end of the three-phase separator is 1:1.2-2.0, and the cross-sectional area _S1 of the upflow reaction chamber is compared with the cross-sectional area of the throat pipe at the upper end of the three-phase separator. The ratio of the area _S4 is 1:0.12-0.16.

The swirling water distributor is umbrella-shaped and is composed of 6 to 12 rotating trapezoidal plates. The angle α between the busbar of the swirling water distributor (18) and the horizontal plane is 15 to 30°, and the projection between adjacent rotating trapezoidal plates The coincidence γ is 10-50mm, the gap width a between adjacent rotary trapezoidal plates is 5-20mm, the upper end of the rotary trapezoidal plate is fixed on a circular platform with a diameter of 100-500mm, and the lower end of the rotary trapezoidal plate is fixed on the reaction on the inner peripheral platform of the device.

The distance between the cross-shaped grids is 1000-2000mm, the grid size is 100-200mm×100-200mm, and the fillers arranged between the cross-shaped grids are string-shaped fillers. The upper and lower cross-shaped grids form a group, and a set or array of cross-shaped grids is arranged in the upflow reaction chamber.

The overflow conical baffle is set on the inner wall of the gradually expanding chamber and located at the lower part of the three-phase separator. The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S5 of the sludge return slot to the cross-sectional area _S2 of the sludge settling chamber is 1:2.5-4.

The cross-sectional area of the gas collecting hood of the three-phase separator is trapezoidal, the ratio of the area of the lower bottom to the area of the upper bottom is 8-12:1, the height of the throat is 500-1000mm, and the upper edge of the throat is 300-500mm higher than the water outlet surface, and in the 4 to 6 ventilation holes are opened on the throat at 100 to 300 mm above the water outlet surface, and the diameter of the ventilation holes is 30 to 50 mm.

The outlet of the external circulation pipe extends from the throat of the three-phase separator to the gas collecting hood. The distance from the bottom head of the outlet of the external circulation pipe to the lower edge of the throat is 100-200 mm. The bottom pipe head is set as an elbow with a rotation angle of 90°.

The outlet pipe of the overflow weir is set as an elbow, the water outlet is 250-500mm lower than the center line of the horizontal section of the outlet pipe of the overflow weir, the water level control pipe head of the liquid seal tank is at the same height as the center line of the horizontal section of the outlet pipe of the overflow weir, and the liquid seal The tank slag discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the liquid seal tank.

The present invention has beneficial effects: 1) it can efficiently retain the anammox bacteria, the anammox reaction potential is great, and the impact resistance is strong; 2) setting the effluent backflow can strengthen the mass transfer process and matrix transformation, and relieve the matrix Inhibition; 3) Set up a swirling water distributor to distribute water evenly, which can increase the effective volume of the reactor and ensure the reaction efficiency; 4) Set up a liquid seal tank, which can effectively prevent air from leaking into the reactor and ensure that the reactor is anaerobic 5) The settling chamber is set on the periphery of the three-phase separator with a compact structure, eliminating the secondary settling tank and sludge return facilities, and avoiding the damage of the return pump to the granular sludge; 6) The reactor can withstand high influent ammonia and nitrite concentration, with high volume conversion efficiency and stable operation performance.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anammox reactor; in the figure: foot 1, flange 2, upflow reaction chamber 3, packing 4, cross-shaped grid 5, gradual widening chamber 6, overflow conical baffle 7 , sedimentation chamber 8, overflow weir 9, outlet of external circulation pipe 10, three-phase separator 11, air hole 12, overflow weir outlet pipe 13, liquid seal water level control pipe 14, liquid seal tank 15, liquid seal tank slag discharge Pipe 16, sampling port 17, swirl water distributor 18, water inlet pipe 19, mud discharge pipe 20, outer circulation pipe inlet 21;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the swirl water distributor of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in the drawings, the high-efficiency anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor has a reactor body and a foot 1. The reactor body is sequentially provided with a sludge sedimentation chamber 8, a gradual expansion chamber 6, and an upflow reaction chamber 3 from top to bottom. The inner side of the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a swirl water distributor 18, and the outer side of the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a four-way pipe composed of a water inlet pipe 19, a mud discharge pipe 20, and an outer circulation pipe inlet 2). There are cross-shaped grids 5, fillers 4 are provided between the upper and lower cross-shaped grids 5, the upper part of the gradual expansion chamber 6 is provided with an overflow conical baffle 7, and the sludge settling chamber 8 is provided with a three-phase separator 11, The upper side wall of the sludge settling chamber 8 is provided with an overflow weir 9, an overflow weir outlet pipe 13, and a liquid seal tank 15. The liquid seal tank 15 is provided with a liquid seal water level control pipe 14, and the bottom of the liquid seal tank 15 is provided with a liquid seal Tank slag discharge pipe 16, the top of the reactor body is provided with an outlet 10 of the external circulation pipe, the three-phase separator 11 is composed of a gas collecting hood and a throat pipe, the throat pipe is opened with air holes 12, and the side wall of the reactor body is provided with multiple sampling ports 17.

The height-to-diameter ratio of the reactor body H/D is 2.5-4.0, the ratio of the cross-sectional area S1 of the upflow reaction chamber ₃ to the cross-sectional area _S2 of the sludge settling chamber 8 is 1:2.0-3.0, and the upflow The ratio of the cross-sectional area S1 of the type reaction chamber ₃ to the maximum cross-sectional area _S3 of the gas collecting hood at the lower end of the three-phase separator 11 is 1:1.2～2.0, and the cross-sectional area S1 of the upflow type reaction chamber ₃ and the three-phase separator 11 The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S4 of the throat at the upper end is 1:0.12-0.16.

The swirling water distributor 18 is umbrella-shaped, and is composed of 6 to 12 rotating trapezoidal plates according to the volume of the reactor. The projection overlap γ between the plates is 10-50mm, the gap width a between adjacent rotary trapezoidal plates is 5-20mm, and the top of the rotary trapezoidal plate is fixed on a circular platform with a diameter of 100-500mm. The lower end of the plate is fixed on the inner peripheral platform of the reactor.

The distance between the cross-shaped grids 5 is 1000-2000mm, the grid size is 100-200mm×100-200mm, and the fillers 4 arranged between the cross-shaped grids 5 are string-shaped fillers. The upper and lower cross-shaped grids 5 form a group, and a set or groups of cross-shaped grids are arranged in the upflow reaction chamber 3 .

The overflow conical baffle 7 is set on the inner wall of the gradual expansion chamber 6 and is located at the lower part of the three-phase separator. The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S5 of the sludge return slot between the plates 7 to the cross-sectional area S2 of the sludge settling chamber ₈ is 1:2.5-4. The cross-sectional area of the gas collecting hood of the three-phase separator 11 is trapezoidal, the ratio of the area of the lower bottom to the area of the upper bottom is 8-12:1, the height of the throat is 500-1000 mm, the upper edge of the throat is 300-500 mm higher than the water outlet surface, and Open 4～6 ventilation holes 12 on the throat at 100～300mm places above the water outlet liquid surface, and the ventilation hole diameter is 30～50mm. The outlet 10 of the external circulation pipe extends from the throat of the three-phase separator 11 to the gas collecting hood. The distance from the bottom pipe head of the external circulation pipe outlet 10 to the lower edge of the throat pipe is 100-200mm, and the bottom pipe head is set as an elbow, and the rotation angle is 90°.

The outlet pipe 13 of the overflow weir is set as an elbow, the water outlet is 250-500mm lower than the center line of the horizontal section of the outlet pipe 13 of the overflow weir, the head of the water level control pipe 14 of the liquid seal tank and the center line of the horizontal section of the outlet pipe 13 of the overflow weir, etc. High, liquid seal tank slag discharge pipe 16 is located at the bottom of the liquid seal tank.

The high-efficiency anammox reactor is constructed of steel plates. Inoculation sludge was added to the upflow reaction chamber. The sewage is introduced into the bottom of the reaction chamber through the water inlet pipe, and is evenly distributed through the swirling water distributor. The sludge and the wastewater are fully contacted. (N ₂ ) escapes upwards, is collected by the three-phase separator and discharged out of the reactor through the vent hole and the liquid seal tank, and the sludge on the gas belt passes through the blocking effect of the overflow conical baffle, and most of it is trapped in the upflow A small amount flows into the sludge settling chamber, and after sedimentation and separation, it returns to the upflow reaction chamber from the sludge return slot by relying on the gravity of the sludge. The effluent from the reactor overflows into the liquid seal tank through the sludge settling chamber, and the water is discharged from the water level control pipe of the liquid seal tank. Part of the effluent is returned to the bottom of the reactor through the external circulation pipe to enhance mass transfer and matrix degradation. The remaining activated sludge is discharged out of the reactor through the sludge discharge pipe.

Claims (9)

1. A high-efficiency anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor is characterized in that it has a reactor body and legs (1), and the reactor body is successively provided with a sludge settling chamber (8) and a gradual expansion chamber (6) from top to bottom , Upflow type reaction chamber (3), the inner side of the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a swirling water distributor (18), and the outer side of the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a water inlet pipe (19), a mud discharge pipe (20), and an outer circulation pipe inlet ( 21) composed of four-way pipes, the upflow reaction chamber (3) is provided with a cross-shaped grid (5) above and below, and a filler (4) is provided between the upper and lower cross-shaped grids (5), gradually expanding The upper part of the chamber (6) is provided with an overflow conical baffle (7), the sludge settling chamber (8) is provided with a three-phase separator (11), and the upper side wall of the sludge settling chamber (8) is provided with an overflow weir ( 9), the overflow weir outlet pipe (13), the liquid seal tank (15), the liquid seal tank (15) is provided with a liquid seal water level control pipe (14), and the bottom of the liquid seal tank (15) is provided with a liquid seal tank row The slag pipe (16), the outlet of the external circulation pipe (10) is provided on the top of the reactor body, the three-phase separator (11) is composed of a gas collecting hood and a throat pipe, and air holes (12) are opened on the throat pipe, and the side wall of the reactor body Multiple sampling ports (17) are provided. 2. A high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the height-to-diameter ratio of the reactor body H/D is 2.5 to 4.0, and the cross-sectional area of the upflow reaction chamber (3) is The ratio of S ₁ to the cross-sectional area S ₂ of the sludge settling chamber (8) is 1:2.0 to 3.0, and the cross-sectional area S ₁ of the upflow reaction chamber (3) and the gas collecting hood at the lower end of the three-phase separator (11) are the largest The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S3 is 1:1.2～2.0, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area _S1 of the upflow reaction chamber (3) to the cross-sectional area _S4 of the throat pipe at the upper end of the three-phase separator (11) is 1:0.12～ 0.16. 3. A high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the swirling water distributor (18) is umbrella-shaped and is composed of 6 to 12 rotating trapezoidal plates. The included angle α between the busbar of the water distributor (18) and the horizontal plane is 15-30°, the projection overlap γ between adjacent rotary trapezoidal plates is 10-50 mm, and the gap width a between adjacent rotary trapezoidal plates is 5-30°. 20mm, the upper end of the rotating trapezoidal plate is fixed on a circular platform with a diameter of 100-500mm, and the lower end of the rotating trapezoidal plate is fixed on the inner peripheral platform of the reactor. 4. A high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the cross-shaped grids (5) is 1000-2000mm, and the grid size is 100-200mm×100-200mm. The fillers (4) arranged between the font grids (5) are string-like fillers. 5. A kind of high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower two of the cross-shaped grid (5) form a group, and the upflow reaction chamber (3) is equipped with There is a set or array of cross grids. 6. A high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow conical baffle (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the expanding chamber (6), and is located at the lower part of the three-phase separator , its cross-section is a right-angled triangle, and the length of the right-angled side is _50-200 mm. The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S2 of the chamber (8) is 1:2.5-4. 7. A kind of high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the gas collecting hood of the three-phase separator (11) is trapezoidal, and the ratio of the lower bottom area to the upper bottom area is 8-12:1, the throat is 500-1000mm high, the upper edge of the throat is 300-500mm higher than the water outlet surface, and 4-6 ventilation holes are opened on the throat at 100-300mm above the water outlet surface (12) , The vent hole diameter is 30-50mm. 8. A high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the external circulation pipe (10) extends from the throat of the three-phase separator (11) to the gas collection hood, and the external circulation The distance from the pipe head at the bottom of the pipe outlet (10) to the lower edge of the throat is 100-200mm, and the bottom pipe head is set as an elbow with a rotation angle of 90°. 9. A high-efficiency anammox reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow weir outlet pipe (13) is arranged as an elbow, and the water outlet is lower than the overflow weir outlet pipe (13) The center line of the horizontal section is 250-500 mm, the head of the liquid seal tank water level control pipe (14) is at the same height as the center line of the horizontal section of the overflow weir outlet pipe (13), and the liquid seal tank slag discharge pipe (16) is located at the bottom of the liquid seal tank.

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