CN101053370A - Anti stress immunity enhancing agent for pig - Google Patents

Abstract

An anti stress immunity enhancing agent for pig, the weight ratio range of its component and dry matter is: citric acid 13 to 21 percent; oligomerization Fructose 15 to 25 percent; vitamin C 2 to 3percent; vitamin E 0.5 to 1 percent, vitamin B1 0.4 to 1.0 percent; vitamin B12 0.1to 0.6 percent; garlicin 1 to 4 percent; astragalus polyase 1 to 6 percent; bacitracin zinc 3 to 5 percent; the rest is carrier. The said anti stress immunity enhancing agent has reasonable compound, stable material resource, lower cost, simple producing technology, its merit is: increasing feed intake for pig, promoting growth; enhancing immunity of pig, preventing and curing diarrhea, tail-biting, anorexia etc stress symptom during the weaning, transforming, and transfer to group.

Description

Anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs

technical field

The invention relates to an animal feed additive, in particular to an immune enhancer with anti-stress effect, especially for pig feed.

Background technique

The breeding work of modern pigs has developed rapidly and achieved brilliant results. The production performance of pigs has been greatly improved, and the growth rate of pigs has become faster and faster. However, while the growth rate of pigs is intensively selected, the selection of resistance to stress is ignored, which leads to the enhancement of the sensitivity of modern pig breeds to external stress. Certain biological characteristics have been destroyed, and porcine stress syndrome has also increased year by year, causing serious economic losses to the pig industry. The so-called Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS) refers to a series of neurological and endocrine reactions presented by pigs when they are in a state of tension or alert after being abnormally stimulated by various adverse factors from the outside, resulting in a general term for non-specific defense reactions . In pig production, there are many factors and links that cause pig stress. Common stress sources include: bad microclimate environmental factors (such as high temperature, low temperature, strong radiation, strong noise, low air pressure, wind, NH ₃ in the air , H ₂ S and other harmful gas concentrations are too high, etc.), feeding and management factors (such as changing feed, excessive stocking density, weaning, transfer, driving, arresting, castration, earing, tail docking, etc.), infectious diseases Invasion, adverse stimulation during transportation, high-intensity breeding and utilization of production performance, etc. Stress has adverse effects on pig health and productivity, fecundity, meat quality, etc. When pigs are under stress, the secretion of adrenal cortex hormones is enhanced, which accelerates the mobilization and decomposition of glycogen and fat in the body, and the disintegration of proteins, which hinders the growth and development of pigs, slows down or stagnates growth, loses weight, and reduces feed remuneration. Pigs showed decreased libido, decreased semen quality, and reduced conception rate, while sows experienced early embryo absorption, fetal malformation, abortion, dystocia, stillbirth or infertility, and newborn piglets had low birth weight and low survival rate. When pigs are under stress, their resistance and immunity are significantly reduced, and their susceptibility to some infectious diseases and parasitic diseases is enhanced, leading to the prevalence of various diseases and severe pig death.

In recent years, some experts and scholars at home and abroad have made certain achievements in improving the resistance of animal bodies through the application of anti-stress immune enhancers. The development of new and efficient anti-stress immune enhancers is an important aspect of pig farming in recent years. one of the research hotspots. Studies at home and abroad have found that oligosaccharides are ideal anti-stress immune enhancers, and their effects are mainly realized by regulating the balance of microbial flora in the intestinal tract of animals. Oligofructose cannot be digested by the animal's own digestive enzymes due to its structural specificity. Oligofructose monosaccharide molecules are combined with β-1,2-glycosidic bonds, while the enzymes secreted by animals can only degrade α-1,4 -Glycosidic bonds, so after they enter the small intestine in an undegraded form, they cannot be utilized by pathogenic bacteria (such as Salmonella Escherichia coli), but can only be decomposed and utilized by beneficial microorganisms (such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium), producing _CO2 and volatile fatty acids, While promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, the pH value of the intestinal tract is reduced, so that on the one hand, it directly inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria (acid inhibition and interspecies competition inhibition), and on the other hand, it reduces the intestinal reduction potential (Eh), which has the function of regulating the intestinal tract. The role of normal peristalsis indirectly prevents the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract, thereby acting as a proliferation factor for beneficial bacteria. In addition, fructooligosaccharides also act as a cofactor for immune stimulation by activating the phagocytic activity of phagocytes in the body, improving the ability of drugs and anti-infection. Regarding anti-stress immune enhancers for pigs, there are more reports of certain vitamins (vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin E), trace elements (such as selenium), organic acids (such as succinic acid, malic acid, etc.) ), etc. Drugs that relieve poisoning (such as baking soda, allicin, etc.) also have a good effect on preventing and treating pig stress.

However, many studies are limited to the effect of a single component, and this anti-stress immune enhancer has shortcomings such as unstable action and ineffective effect.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs with excellent effect and stable performance, so as to reduce economic losses caused by stress in pig production.

The technical solution provided by the invention is: an anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs, its components and weight ratio are: citric acid, 13-21%; fructooligosaccharide, 15-25%; vitamin C, 2- 3%; Vitamin E, 0.5-1%; Vitamin B1, 0.4-1.0%; Vitamin B12, 0.1-0.6%; Allicin, 1-4%; Astragalus polysaccharide, 1-6%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3-5% %; balance is carrier.

The carrier is preferably corn gluten meal.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each component of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs is: citric acid, 21%; fructooligosaccharide, 25%; vitamin C, 2%; vitamin E, 0.5%; vitamin B1, 0.4%; vitamin B12, 0.1%; allicin, 1%; astragalus polysaccharide, 1%; bacitracin zinc, 3%; corn gluten powder, 46%.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each component of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs is: citric acid, 20%; fructooligosaccharide, 23%; vitamin C, 2%; vitamin E, 0.5%; vitamin B1, 0.5%; vitamin B12, 0.2%; allicin, 1.5%; astragalus polysaccharide, 1.5%; bacitracin zinc, 3%; corn gluten powder, 47.8%.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each component of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs is: citric acid, 19%; fructooligosaccharide, 21%; vitamin C, 2%; vitamin E, 0.5%; vitamin B1, 0.6%; vitamin B12, 0.3%; allicin, 2%; astragalus polysaccharide, 3%; bacitracin zinc, 4%; corn gluten powder, 47.6%.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each component of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs is: citric acid, 17%; fructooligosaccharide, 18%; vitamin C, 3%; vitamin E, 1%; vitamin B1, 0.7%; vitamin B12, 0.4%; allicin, 2.5%; astragalus polysaccharide, 4.5%; bacitracin zinc, 4%; corn gluten powder, 48.9%.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each component of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs is: citric acid, 15%; fructooligosaccharide, 16%; vitamin C, 3%; vitamin E, 1%; vitamin B1, 0.8%; vitamin B12, 0.5%; allicin, 3%; astragalus polysaccharide, 5%; bacitracin zinc, 5%; corn gluten powder, 50.7%.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each component of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs is: citric acid, 13%; fructooligosaccharide, 16%; vitamin C, 3%; vitamin E, 1%; vitamin B1, 0.9%; vitamin B12, 0.6%; allicin, 3.5%; astragalus polysaccharide, 5.5%; bacitracin zinc, 5%; corn gluten powder, 51.5%.

The simple preparation method of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs of the present invention is to mix the components evenly, but according to the embodiment, it is considered to mix a part first, and then carry out the total mixing, which is only the preferred way.

In application, 0.5%-3% of the pig anti-stress immune enhancer of the present invention, preferably 1%-2%, is added to the pig diet, and the corresponding pig feed can also be made.

The present invention has the following advantages: (1) it can increase the feed intake of pigs and promote growth; (2) it can enhance the immunity of pigs, and prevent and treat diarrhea, tail biting, Stress disorders such as loss of appetite; (3) The anti-stress immune enhancer has a reasonable formula, stable sources of raw materials, low cost and simple production process. The present invention is based on the inventor's in-depth study of the compound efficacy of multiple components, and repeated screening of the formula, which has the advantages of excellent effect and stable performance.

A large number of application tests of the invention have been carried out in many pig farms in Hunan, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong and other places, which prove that it has the functions of promoting growth, improving feed utilization, improving reproductive performance, improving animal immunity, and preventing diseases. .

Detailed ways

The following will be further clarified through the detailed description of specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention, but only for illustration.

1. Preparation example of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs

Table 1 shows 6 specific formulas of the present invention from Example 1 to Example 6.

Table 1.6 specific formulations (unit: kg) Recipe 1 Recipe 2 Recipe 3 Recipe 4 Recipe 5 Recipe 6 citric acid twenty one 20 19 17 15 13 fructooligosaccharide 25 twenty three twenty one 18 16 16 Vitamin C 2 2 2 3 3 3 Vitamin E 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 1 Vitamin B1 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Vitamin B12 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Allicin 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Astragalus polysaccharide 1 1.5 3 4.5 5 5.5 Bacitracin Zinc 3 3 4 4 5 5 corn protein flour 46 47.8 47.6 48.9 50.7 51.5

1.1 Embodiment 1

Take each component according to formula 1 in table 1, the first step, accurately weigh 0.1 kilogram of vitamin B ₁₂ , 0.4 kilogram of vitamin B ₁ , 0.5 kilogram of vitamin E, 2 kilograms of vitamin C, mix the above-mentioned 4 kinds of raw materials together, The compound 1 obtained by stirring evenly; the second step, accurately weigh 1 kg of allicin, 1 kg of astragalus polysaccharide, and 3 kg of bacitracin zinc, and combine them with compound 1, and stir evenly to obtain compound 2; the third step , accurately weighed 21 kilograms of citric acid, 25 kilograms of fructooligosaccharides, combined with compound 2, and stirred evenly to obtain compound 3; the fourth step, accurately weighed 46 kg of corn gluten powder, and compounded with compound 3 in Together, stir evenly to obtain 100 kilograms of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs.

1.2 Embodiment 2

Each raw material component was weighed according to formula 2 in Table 1, and its preparation method was the same as that of Example 1 to prepare 100 kg of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs.

1.3 Embodiment Three

Each raw material component was weighed according to formula 3 in Table 1, and its preparation method was the same as that of Example 1 to prepare 100 kg of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs.

1.4 Embodiment Four

Each raw material component was weighed according to formula 4 in Table 1, and its preparation method was the same as that of Example 1 to prepare 100 kg of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs.

1.5 Embodiment five

Each raw material component was weighed according to formula 5 in Table 1, and its preparation method was the same as that of Example 1 to prepare 100 kg of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs.

1.6 Embodiment Six

According to formula 6 in Table 1, each raw material component was weighed, and its preparation method was the same as that of Example 1 to obtain 100 kg of anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs.

2. Application examples

The application effect of the anti-stress immune enhancer for pigs of the present invention will be illustrated through specific tests below.

2.1 Test 1: Application test in weaned piglets

1) Selection, grouping and diet composition of piglets

Select 60 healthy piglets with similar weaning weight in the same batch, and randomly divide them into three groups A, B, and C according to gender, body weight and litter type, with 20 piglets in each group, half male and half female, and the initial body weight is determined by analysis of variance. Not significant (P>0.05), proving that the grouping is reasonable. Group A is the contrast, does not add any other material in the basal diet B, C two groups are test groups, the B group adds 1% anti-stress immune enhancer (embodiment one) in the basal ration, C group Add 2% anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 1) in the diet.

2) Feeding and management of piglets

Each group was fed in pens, and the pens had a fully slit floor, and the environmental conditions were basically the same. Vaccination injections, deworming, castration, etc. were carried out before the experiment. Dry feeding of powder, free access to food and water. Others are carried out as usual.

3) Measurement items and analysis methods

The pigs were observed every day, and the feed consumption and diarrhea were recorded. At the end of the experiment, the final weight of the pigs was weighed on an empty stomach, and the remaining feed in the trough was weighed and subtracted from the total feed consumption. Calculate daily weight gain, feed-to-weight ratio, diarrhea rate, mortality rate and other indicators, and use F test and multiple comparisons for final weight, weight gain and daily weight gain.

4) Test results

The growth performance of the test pigs in each group is shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Performance of growth performance of test pigs group control group A B (1% immune booster) C (2% immune booster) Initial weight (Kg/head) Final weight (Kg/head) Weight gain (Kg/head) Daily gain (g/head day) Consumption (Kg/head) Daily feed intake (g/head day) Feed-to-weight ratio 9.63±1.60 24.59±3.36 ^a 14.88±2.28 ^a 531.58±81.36 ^a 24.648801.66 9.55±1.7525.44±3.31 ^b 15.89±2.23 ^b 567.50±79.64 ^b 25.739201.62 9.75±1.7325.92±3.47 ^b 16.17±2.34 ^b 577.50±79.86 ^b 25.799201.59

The same letters in the same column as ^ab indicate no significant difference (P>0.05)

It can be seen from Table 2 that after the anti-stress immune enhancer of Example 1 is added to the diet, the daily gain, appetite and feed utilization rate of piglets are all improved. From the daily weight gain situation, after adding 1% and 2% anti-stress immune enhancer (embodiment one) in the diet, it is respectively improved 6.76% and 8.64% (P＜0.05) compared with the control group A (P＜0.05). When the addition amount of 1% was increased to 2%, the final weight and daily gain were further improved, but the difference was not significant; from the analysis of feed intake, after adding the anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 1), piglet appetite can be improved , increase feed intake (the two test groups increased by 4.54% compared with the control group); although the feed utilization rate is relatively close, it also increases in the order of A, B, and C.

The diarrhea and death of the experimental pigs are shown in Table 3.

Table 3. Diarrhea and death of experimental pigs group control group A B (1% immune booster) C (2% immune booster) Number of test days Number of test days Diarrhea Rate of first diarrhea (%) 202812622.50 20285910.54 2028549.64

As can be seen from the test results, after adding the anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 1) in the diet, the diarrhea rate of piglets is greatly reduced, which shows that adding the anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 1) in the diet can effectively inhibit Piglets have diarrhea.

By comprehensively analyzing the growth performance of the test pigs and the diarrhea rate of the test pigs, it can be concluded that adding the anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 1) in the diet has a good effect on weaning stress.

2.2 Test 2: Application test in growing pigs

1) Experimental pigs, diet composition and feeding management

Select 84 growing pigs with a body weight of about 35Kg, and randomly divide them into 2 groups according to body weight and sex, with 48 pigs in each group. Group A is the control group, fed with basic diets, and group B is the test group, with 1% Anti-stress immune enhancer (with embodiment two), test period 30 days.

2) Feeding and management of experimental pigs

All the pigs in the test were artificially given 2-3 times of repelling stress every day, and each repelling lasted for half an hour. The participating pigs were free to eat and drink freely. Before the test, routine work such as castration, deworming and immunization was carried out. The test is under the responsibility of a special person.

3) Measurement items and analysis methods

The measurement items include feed-to-weight ratio, daily gain, diarrhea rate, feed intake, etc. Feed consumption was settled at one time until the end of the experiment, weighing was carried out in the morning on an empty stomach, and the behavior, body condition and diarrhea of the pigs were recorded every day.

4) Test results

The performance indicators of the participating pigs are shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Performance indicators of experimental pigs group Initial weight(Kg) Final weight(Kg) Daily weight gain (g) Daily feed intake (g) material to weight ratio Diarrhea rate (%) Group A and Group B 36.2135.29 54.0756.11 595694 ^* 12921346 2.171.94 10.508.50

The results show that the daily gain of the test group is 16.64% higher than the matched group, the average daily feed intake is 4.18% higher than the matched group, and the feed utilization rate is also greatly improved. Add anti-stress immune enhancer (embodiment two) in the diet It can improve the resistance of growing pigs to driving stress.

2.3 Test 3: Application test in weaned piglets

1) Test piglets, diet composition and feeding management

A total of 48 weaned piglets at the age of 28 days were selected and randomly divided into two groups A and B according to body weight and sex, with 24 piglets in each group. Group A is the control group, group B is the test group, the control group is fed with basal diet, and the test group is added with 1% anti-stress immune enhancer in the basal diet (Example 3).

2) Measurement items and analysis methods

The measurement items include feed-to-weight ratio, daily gain, diarrhea rate, feed intake, etc. Feed consumption was settled at one time until the end of the experiment, weighing was carried out in the morning on an empty stomach, and the behavior, body condition and diarrhea of the pigs were recorded every day. On the day of the end of the experiment, 5 pigs in the test group and the control group were slaughtered, and the contents of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon were aseptically collected to determine the number of bacterial flora.

3) Test results

The production performance indicators of piglets are shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Performance indicators of piglets group Initial weight(Kg) Final weight(Kg) Daily weight gain (g/d) Feed intake (g/d) material to weight ratio Diarrhea % control group test group 7.217.29 11.5712.32 290.10335.32 475506 1.641.51 2113

The daily weight gain of the control group was lower than that of the test group, the difference was significant (P<0.05), and the test group was 15.59% higher than the control group. The "anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 3)" showed obvious growth-promoting effect; during the whole test period, the piglets in the two pens of the test group showed strong appetite and high feed intake. The average daily feed intake of the test group increased by 6.53% compared with the control group, mainly because the addition of "anti-stress immune enhancer (embodiment three)" improved the palatability of the diet and enhanced the appetite of piglets; It can be seen that after adding 1% "anti-stress immune enhancer (embodiment three)" in the diet, the feed utilization rate increased by 8%; the diarrhea rate of the test group was lower than that of the control group by 38.1%. The addition of "anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 3)" can significantly reduce the occurrence of diarrhea in piglets, especially in the early stage.

The changes in the intestinal microbial population of piglets are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 Changes of intestinal flora in piglets group duodenum jejunum ileum cecum colon Bifidobacteria test group control group 5.044.84 5.52 ^*** 6.46 6.536.35 7.14 ^** 6.10 8.007.44 Bacteroides test group control group 5.154.50 5.405.66 6.215.79 6.29 ^** 5.04 7.185.53 Enterococcus test group control group 5.996.06 5.957.31 6.637.04 7.608.47 9.059.16

Note: ^** P<0.05, ^*** P<0.01

The results of the determination of the number of bacteria in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon of piglets in the test group and the control group showed that (see Table 6): 0.05% feces was added to the diet of 28-day-old weaned piglets. Enterococcus preparation, after feeding for 15 days, the amount of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides in the piglet intestines increased significantly compared with the control group, and the amount of Bifidobacteria in the jejunum and cecum was significantly higher than that of the control group (respectively P<0.01, P<0.05 ), there was no significant increase in the number of enterococci. It can be seen from the test results that the "anti-stress immune enhancer (Example 3)" has the functions of promoting growth, improving feed utilization, improving animal immunity, and preventing diseases.

Claims (10)

1. a boar is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that its component and weight proportion are:

Citric acid, 13-21%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 15-25%; Vitamin C, 2-3%; Vitamin E, 0.5-1%; Vitamin B1,0.4-1.0%; Cobalamin, 0.1-0.6%; Allicin, 1-4%; Astragalus polyose, 1-6%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3-5%; Surplus is a carrier.

2. pig according to claim 1 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that: described carrier is a corn protein powder.

3. pig according to claim 2 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of each component is: citric acid, 21%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 25%; Vitamin C, 2%; Vitamin E, 0.5%; Vitamin B1,0.4%; Cobalamin, 0.1%; Allicin, 1%; Astragalus polyose, 1%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3%; Corn protein powder, 46%.

4. pig according to claim 2 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of each component is: citric acid, 20%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 23%; Vitamin C, 2%; Vitamin E, 0.5%; Vitamin B1,0.5%; Cobalamin, 0.2%; Allicin, 1.5%; Astragalus polyose, 1.5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 3%; Corn protein powder, 47.8%.

5. pig according to claim 2 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of each component is: citric acid, 19%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 21%; Vitamin C, 2%; Vitamin E, 0.5%; Vitamin B1,0.6%; Cobalamin, 0.3%; Allicin, 2%; Astragalus polyose, 3%; Bacitracin Zinc, 4%; Corn protein powder, 47.6%.

6. pig according to claim 2 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of each component is: citric acid, 17%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 18%; Vitamin C, 3%; Vitamin E, 1%; Vitamin B1,0.7%; Cobalamin, 0.4%; Allicin, 2.5%; Astragalus polyose, 4.5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 4%; Corn protein powder, 48.9%.

7. pig according to claim 2 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of each component is: citric acid, 15%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 16%; Vitamin C, 3%; Vitamin E, 1%; Vitamin B1,0.8%; Cobalamin, 0.5%; Allicin, 3%; Astragalus polyose, 5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 5%; Corn protein powder, 50.7%.

8. pig according to claim 2 is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of each component is: citric acid, 13%; Fructo-oligosaccharide, 16%; Vitamin C, 3%; Vitamin E, 1%; Vitamin B1,0.9%; Cobalamin, 0.6%; Allicin, 3.5%; Astragalus polyose, 5.5%; Bacitracin Zinc, 5%; Corn protein powder, 51.5%.

9. pig's feed is characterized in that: that adds 0.5%-3% in the described feed uses anti stress immunity enhancing agent as each described pig of claim 1-8.

10. pig's feed according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the described pig of adding 1%-2% in the described feed is used anti stress immunity enhancing agent.