The method for annealing of aluminum foil of high performance fin in use for air condition heat exchanger
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the non-ferrous metal manufacture field, is a kind of method for annealing of aluminum foil material.
[background technology]
Constantly the air-conditioning industry of development increases rapidly the demand of heat-exchanger fin aluminium foil, and Fig. 1 is China recent years air-conditioning output and fin aluminium foil consumption changing trend diagram.China's air-conditioning was underproduce 10,000 in 1980, consumed 100 tons of aluminium foil less thaies, and homemade air-conditioning was 6,323 ten thousand to 2005, accounted for more than 70% of whole world ultimate production, consumed surplus the fin aluminium foil 20 ten thousand tons/year.
The fin aluminium foil is mainly used the heat exchanger of air condition radiating fin, tradition fin aluminium foil 1050,1100,1200, L5-1, fine aluminium series alloys such as 8011, user mode mainly contains O, H19, H22, H24 and H26 state, and wherein the requirement of H26 state is the highest, and production technology is the most difficult.
Air-conditioning, power consumption little towards volume in recent years less, power is big, efficient is high, the low direction of cost develops.Require the fin aluminum foil thickness thinner; Comprehensive mechanical property (intensity and elongation are two high) is better; Fin punching out forming technique is higher, and punching out speed is faster; Price is lower.Thickness thinning causes the anti-reviewing ability drop of fin, requires to improve intensity and remedies.Intensity and elongation are a pair of contradiction.Improve intensity, elongation will descend, and when elongation was lower than 10%, the fragmentation rate in the fin punching out process can increase greatly.Fig. 2 is the relation between fin percentage of damage and the aluminium foil elongation, and as seen from the figure, after elongation was lower than 10%, the fragmentation rate increased fast with the decline of elongation.The novel punching out technology of fins such as ECO has also proposed new requirement to the comprehensive mechanical property of fin aluminium foil, and requiring tensile strength is 130~150MPa, elongation 〉=10%.During intensity<130MPa, the anti-reviewing ability of fin aluminium foil is not enough, influences the cut-out after the punching out of fin aluminium foil during intensity>150MPa, and fluctuation range is the smaller the better up and down to require the intensity of fin aluminium foil.People begin to adopt the aluminium alloy that 3102 grades contain the Mn element to produce H26 fin aluminium foil over nearest 1 year, and its comprehensive mechanical property improves a lot, yet exist more problem in producing, and subject matter has:
1), thick unusually because of crystal grain sometimes in the final annealing process, comprehensive mechanical property is on the low side, deep drawability is low to wait appearance to put in order the problem that stove is scrapped;
2), sometimes even occur in than small area that individual die is thick unusually, the mechanical property non-uniform phenomenon with batch aluminium foil.Cause the fin aluminium foil in the punching out process, to interrupt streamline operration because of defectives such as crackings suddenly, influence the continuous production of aluminium foil punching out process.
Studies show that both at home and abroad: fin aluminium foil final strength and elongation mainly are to control by finished products, and through the inventor's systematic study, the major cause that causes the problems referred to above is due to the influence of " critical recrystallization temperature phenomenon " in the annealing process.
Through contriver's discovering to " critical recrystallization temperature phenomenon ": 3102 aluminium foils near and when annealing a little less than recrystallization temperature, it is low excessively comprehensive mechanical property to occur, particularly elongation unusual " N " curve (see figure 3) occurs with the rising of annealing temperature, and is different with the annealing curve of general aluminium alloy; Its recrystal grain presents unusual thick phenomenon (see figure 4), and this phenomenon is by contriver's called after " critical recrystallization temperature phenomenon "." critical recrystallization temperature phenomenon " is that to cause on the industrial production in the final annealing process fin aluminium foil comprehensive mechanical property to occur low excessively, the unusual thick major cause of crystal grain.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is at the thick phenomenon of the thick or whole crystal grain of fin aluminium foil annealing process local grain, cause the fin aluminium foil the low excessively problem of comprehensive mechanical property to occur and propose a kind of new method for annealing, to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of fin aluminium foil, reduce the phenomenon of scrapping in batches because of mechanical property in the annealing process, improve the lumber recovery of fin aluminium foil.
Insulation when technical scheme of the present invention adopts low temperature long, the target temperature of annealing aluminium foil are 230 ℃~265 ℃ (being the temperature range of AB section among Fig. 3 (b)), and soaking time is at 4~30h, and step is as follows:
1, charging
2, furnace temperature constant temperature: decide furnace temperature constant temperature temperature in the heat-processed, furnace temperature constant temperature temperature in the heat-processed according to aluminium foil charge amount in the stove what and annealing aluminium foil monovolume weight size:
T
1=(T
0+ΔT)℃;
T
1: heat-processed furnace temperature constant temperature temperature; T
0: aluminium foil annealing target temperature; Δ T: furnace temperature constant temperature temperature and aluminium foil annealing target temperature is poor in the heat-processed;
When aluminium foil monovolume weight≤1500kg, Δ T is 20~40 ℃;
When aluminium foil monovolume weight was 1500~5000kg, Δ T was 25~60 ℃;
When aluminium foil monovolume weight>5000kg, Δ T is 30~70 ℃.
3, furnace temperature is changeed the constant temperature stage: when aluminium foil material Wen Gaodian temperature rises to [T
0-(10+0.5 Δ T)] ℃, furnace temperature is changeed constant temperature and is annealing target temperature T
0The relief aluminum foil coil continues to heat up;
4, insulation: when aluminium foil material temperature low point temperature rises to (T
0-3) ℃, begin to calculate soaking time, concrete soaking time decide on batch, charging mode and monovolume weight, and the soaking time scope at holding stage, is controlled aluminium foil material Wen Wendu at (T at 4~30h
0± 3) fluctuation ℃.
Wherein, behind fin aluminium foil annealing soaking time>3 hour, annealing temperature will be avoided " critical recrystallization temperature " interval (being the temperature range of BC section among Fig. 3 (b)): T
Again-50 ℃~T
Again, T
AgainRepresent the recrystallization temperature of this fin aluminium foil H19 state, promptly be incubated 1 hour, recrystallize is finished the annealing temperature more than 95%.
From such scheme as can be seen, the key takeaway of annealing process is: adopt when long (annealing soaking time>3 hour) low-temperature annealing, can not adopt in short-term (annealing soaking time≤3 hour) high temperature annealing (critical recrystallization temperature interval).Strict control annealing temperature is avoided critical recrystallization temperature interval in annealing process, i.e. BC section among Fig. 3 (b).Close before metallographic structure after so just guaranteeing to anneal and the annealing, to see shown in Figure 5ly, the metallographic structure of Fig. 4 pattern does not appear.
Fin aluminium foil of the present invention comprises 8011, L5-1,1100,1200,8006,3102 and contain Mn series fin aluminium foil with the aluminium alloy of the existing standard trade mark now such as aluminium alloy, also comprises the aluminium of the non-standard trade mark that meets following Composition Control scope
Alloy sees Table 1330 ℃ * 7h annealing
Alloying element | Mn | Fe | Si | Ti | Mg | Zn | Cu | Al |
Content (Wt%) | 0.12-0.5 | 0.15-0.8 | 0.05-0.2 | 0.01-0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.3 | Surplus |
The fin aluminium foil can adopt hot rolling technology Production Flow Chart (seeing shown in Fig. 6 (a)) and adopt casting Production Flow Chart (seeing shown in Fig. 6 (b)), and the aluminium foil before guaranteeing to anneal is cold rolling through cold deformation amount 〉=75%.
Adopt the annealing process of the present invention's proposition, can improve the comprehensive mechanical property of fin aluminium foil effectively, reduce the phenomenon of scrapping in batches because of mechanical property in the annealing process, improve the lumber recovery of fin aluminium foil.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 China recent years air-conditioning output and fin aluminium foil consumption changing trend diagram
Graph of a relation between Fig. 2 fin percentage of damage and the aluminium foil elongation
The relation curve of Fig. 3 fin aluminium foil mechanical property and annealing temperature
(a) be the variation tendency of intensity with annealing temperature;
(b) be the variation tendency of elongation with annealing temperature
The metallographic structure of Figure 43 102 aluminium foils annealing back aluminium foil
(a) 330 ℃ * 7h annealing (b) 330 ℃ * 22h annealing
Metallographic structure after the annealing of Fig. 5 fin aluminium foil
(a) the polarisation photo of unannealed aluminium foil
(b) 255 ℃ * 22h annealing
The explained hereafter schema of Fig. 6 fin aluminium foil
(a) fin aluminium foil hot rolling technology production scheme
(b) fin aluminium foil casting-rolling technology production scheme.
[embodiment]
The finished product annealing process of producing 3102H26 fin aluminium foil with the employing cast-rolling stock is an example.Explanation is in the actual industrial production process, annealed control method: 240~265 ℃ in annealing temperature interval, soaking time 5~30 hours.
Example 1: when annealing process was 240 ℃ * 5h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 260 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 220 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 240 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 237 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 5 hours.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 147~150MPa, elongation 〉=10~11.7%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.1~5.3mm.
Example 2: when annealing process was 240 ℃ * 30h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 260 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 220 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 240 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 237 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 29 hours.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 135~147MPa, elongation 〉=12~14.7%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.3~5.6mm.
Example 3: when annealing process was 240 ℃ * 5h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 310 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 200 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 240 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 237 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 5 hours.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 147~150MPa, elongation 〉=10~11.7%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.1~5.3mm.
Example 4: when annealing process was 265 ℃ * 5h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 285 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 240 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 265 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 262 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 5 hours.Aluminium foil notices that the aluminum foil coil local temperature can not be above 268 ℃ in heating and insulating process.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 134~139MPa, elongation 〉=12~15.7%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.3~5.8mm.
Example 5: when annealing process was 265 ℃ * 30h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 280 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 235 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 265 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 262 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 29 hours.Aluminium foil notices that the aluminum foil coil local temperature can not be above 268 ℃ in heating and insulating process.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 130~134MPa, elongation 〉=12~16.7%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.5~5.9mm.
Example 6: when annealing process was 265 ℃ * 5h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 335 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 215 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 265 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 262 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 5 hours.Aluminium foil notices that the aluminum foil coil local temperature can not be above 270 ℃ in heating and insulating process.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 134~139MPa, elongation 〉=12~15.7%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.3~5.8mm.
Example 7: when annealing process was 250 ℃ * 22h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 275 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 225 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 250 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 247 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time.Aluminium foil is in heating and insulating process, and attention aluminum foil coil local temperature can not 265 ℃.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 134~145MPa, elongation 〉=12~18%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.3~6.1mm.
Example 8: when annealing process was 250 ℃ * 7h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 275 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 225 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 250 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 247 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 7 hours.Aluminium foil is in heating and insulating process, and attention aluminum foil coil local temperature can not 255 ℃.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 135~146MPa, elongation 〉=12~17%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.3~5.9mm.
Example 9: when annealing process was 255 ℃ * 22h, heating phase furnace temperature constant temperature temperature: 275 ℃, when the aluminium foil temperature was warming up to 235 ℃, furnace temperature was changeed fixed 255 ℃, when aluminium foil material temperature reaches 252 ℃, begins to calculate soaking time, and soaking time must not be lower than 7 hours.Aluminium foil is in heating and insulating process, and attention aluminum foil coil local temperature can not 258 ℃.The mechanical property of annealing back fin aluminium foil is: tensile strength 135~146MPa, elongation 〉=12~17%, the fin aluminium foil of Erichsen number 〉=5.3~5.9mm.
Example 1 to example 9 annealing back metallographic structures are fibrous tissue, and shown in Figure 5 is metallographic structure after example 9 annealing.