CN101045662A - High-energy powder emulsified explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-energy powder emulsified explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101045662A CN101045662A CN 200610039233 CN200610039233A CN101045662A CN 101045662 A CN101045662 A CN 101045662A CN 200610039233 CN200610039233 CN 200610039233 CN 200610039233 A CN200610039233 A CN 200610039233A CN 101045662 A CN101045662 A CN 101045662A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高能型粉状乳化炸药及其制造方法。所述炸药由质量百分比的下列组分：硝酸铵87～93、防结块剂0.01～0.8、油相材料2～5、固态可燃物0.1～4、乳化剂0.5～1.5、水0.1～1组成；制备方法为：将硝酸铵、防结块剂和水组成的混合物加热溶解并升温，形成氧化剂溶液；将油相材料和乳化剂组成的混合物加热熔化升温，形成可燃物溶液；将氧化剂溶液加入到搅拌着的可燃物溶液中，形成油包水型混合物；将所得混合物雾化、干燥，产物冷却后装药。本发明的炸药爆炸性能优良、体积威力大、原材料成本低、产能大、能耗小、操作简单、本质安全性好、适用于除采煤以外的各种爆破作业。
The invention relates to a high-energy powdery emulsion explosive and a manufacturing method thereof. The explosive is composed of the following components in mass percent: 87-93 ammonium nitrate, 0.01-0.8 anti-caking agent, 2-5 oil phase materials, 0.1-4 solid combustibles, 0.5-1.5 emulsifier, and 0.1-1 water ; The preparation method is as follows: heating and dissolving the mixture composed of ammonium nitrate, anti-caking agent and water and raising the temperature to form an oxidant solution; heating and melting the mixture composed of oil phase materials and emulsifiers to form a combustible solution; Put it into the stirred combustible solution to form a water-in-oil mixture; atomize and dry the resulting mixture, and charge the product after cooling. The explosive of the invention has excellent explosive performance, large volume and power, low cost of raw materials, large production capacity, low energy consumption, simple operation and good intrinsic safety, and is suitable for various blasting operations except coal mining.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosive and manufacture method thereof, particularly a kind of high-energy powder emulsified explosive and manufacture method thereof.
Two, background technology
Common powder industrial explosive is a solid mixt, such explosive formulation complexity, contain poisonous composition, oxygenant and combustible agent mix inhomogeneous, blast performance is low, production capacity is little, water resisting property is poor, high temperature, high humidity are produced difficulty season, production technique falls behind.Existing emulsion explosive is to be disperse phase mutually with oxygenant, and organic-fuel is the water-in-oil-type emulsoid of external phase.Such explosive oxidizer contains the water of (8～15) % in mutually, so capacity for work is less.And emulsion explosive is generally colloidal state, is not easy to storage and use.Chinese patent ZL93117971.8 has proposed a kind of powdery emulsifying explosive and preparation method thereof, this method is at first made latex with water and oil phase material, adopt the method for rotary flash distillation that latex is made powdery emulsifying explosive then, but because technical defective fail to be put to application.Chinese patent ZL91107080.X has proposed a kind of rock powdery emulsion explosive and manufacture method thereof, this method at first adopts emulsifying manner that oxygenant water and combustible agent oil phase material are made latex, adopts the method for spray pulverization that latex is made rock powdery emulsion explosive then.This explosive has blast performance preferably, but prescription is complicated, cost is high, production capacity is little, energy consumption is big, product density is little, production technique has some setbacks.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of prescription is simple, blast performance is good, bulk strength is big, the product shelf-stable, water repelling property is good, do not contain poisonous composition, human body and environment there is not harm, production technique advanced person, production capacity is big, energy consumption is little and with low cost high-energy powder emulsified explosive and manufacture method thereof.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of high-energy powder emulsified explosive, it is characterized in that: it is made of the following component of representing with mass percent: ammonium nitrate 87～93, anti-caking 0.01～0.8, oil phase material 2～5, solid-state combustiblematerials 0.1～4, emulsifying agent 0.5～1.5, water 0.1～1 is formed, ammonium nitrate wherein, anti-hard caking agent, water has been formed this explosive oxidizer solution, oil phase material and emulsifying agent have been formed the combustiblematerials solution of emulsion explosive, two kinds of solution form uniform water-in-oil-type mixture after mixing, the spray-dried high-energy powder emulsified explosive of making.
A kind of preparation method of high-energy powder emulsified explosive is characterized in that its preparation method is: the first step, and the mixture heating up dissolving that ammonium nitrate, anti-hard caking agent and water are formed also is warming up to 100～135 ℃, forms oxidizing agent solution; In second step, with the fusing of the mixture heating up of oil phase material and emulsifying agent and be warming up to 100～125 ℃, form the combustiblematerials solution of this explosive; In the 3rd step, the oxidizing agent solution that the first step is obtained joins in the combustiblematerials solution that is stirring that second step obtained and mixes; In the 4th step, the mixture that the 3rd step made is spray-dried, and the temperature of dry wind is 70～120 ℃, or sneaks into solid-state combustiblematerials simultaneously and make high-energy powder emulsified explosive; The 5th step made high-energy powder emulsified explosive cooling back powder charge with the 4th step, and the temperature of cold wind is 10～30 ℃.
High-energy powder emulsified explosive oxygenant of the present invention is a single-oxidizer ammonium nitrate.
The anti-hard caking agent of high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention is a crystalline form properties-correcting agent.
The oil phase material of high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention is the saturated fatty hydrocarbon compound.
Can add solid-state combustiblematerials in the high-energy powder emulsified explosive prescription of the present invention.
The emulsifying agent of high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention is water-in-oil-type ester class and amides emulsifying agent.
High-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention adopts liquid-phase mixing-spray-dired production technique.Adopt liquid-phase mixing technology to make oxygenant and the highly homogeneous mixture of combustiblematerials, adopt drying process with atomizing that mixture is made solid-state high-energy powder emulsified explosive then.Spraying gun adopts air flow type jet nozzle or pressure nozzle.
The liquid-phase mixing technology that high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention adopts can adopt discontinuous, semi continuous and continuous process
The spraying gun of high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention adopts air flow type jet nozzle or pressure nozzle.
The equipment that the pulverized coal preparation system of high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention adopts is two wind systems of warm air drying and cold wind refrigerated separation.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: 1, high-energy powder emulsified explosive particle of the present invention has the microtexture of milk sap, each solid granulates in the explosive has kept oxygenant and the mixed uniformly microtexture of combustiblematerials height, so high-energy powder emulsified explosive has good blast performance; 2, the oxygenant surface in the explosive is fully coated by oil phase material, has good water resisting property, moistureproofness and anti-caking effect; 3, significantly reduce the mixing stirring velocity, improved the technology intrinsic safety; 4, prescription is simple; 5, two wind system advanced technology, production capacity is big, energy consumption is little, can carry out large-scale production under any envrionment conditions; 6, material cost is low, and is suitable with ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture; 7, do not contain toxic substances such as TNT in the explosive, thoroughly eliminated the harm of TNT human body and environment.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the process flow diagram of high-energy powder emulsified explosive of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.
The various starting material that high-energy powder emulsified explosive adopted that the present invention proposes all meet the Ministry of Chemical Industry's ministerial standard or company standard.
Embodiment 1 is an example to produce 500 kilograms of high-energy powder emulsified explosives, selects the mass percent of each component of high-energy powder emulsified explosive to be: ammonium nitrate 90, sodium laurylsulfonate 0.1, water 5, compound wax 4, polyisobutene succinimide 0.9.According to 450 kilograms in the accurate weighing ammonium nitrate of said ratio, 0.5 kilogram of sodium laurylsulfonate, 25 kilograms in water, 20 kilograms of compound wax, 4.5 kilograms of polyisobutene succinimides.
Operation steps: the first step is with ammonium nitrate, sodium laurylsulfonate and water heating for dissolving and be warming up to 125 ℃; Second step is with compound wax and polyisobutene succinimide heat fused and be warming up to 125 ℃; The 3rd step was mixed into uniform mixture with oxidizing agent solution and combustiblematerials solution; The mixture that the 4th step made for the 3rd step atomizes through three fluid tips, adopts 80 ℃ warm air drying to form high-energy powder emulsified explosive; The 5th step made high-energy powder emulsified explosive powder charge after the air-flow cooling with the 4th step, and the temperature of cold wind is 20 ℃.Can adopt two wind systems to replace single wind system on the drying plant, improve the controllability of technology and the controllability of system greatly.Recording blast performance is: explosion velocity 4050m/s, brisance 16mm, capacity for work 342ml, gap distance 10cm.
Embodiment 2 is an example to produce 500 kilograms of high-energy powder emulsified explosives, selects the mass percent of each component of high-energy powder emulsified explosive to be: ammonium nitrate 89, water 5, compound wax 4.8, polyisobutene succinimide 1.2.According to 445 kilograms in the accurate weighing ammonium nitrate of said ratio, 25 kilograms in water, 24 kilograms of compound wax, 6 kilograms of polyisobutene succinimides.Operation steps and test conditions are with embodiment 1.Recording blast performance is: explosion velocity 4000m/s, brisance 16mm, capacity for work 332ml, gap distance 16cm.
Embodiment 3 is an example to produce 500 kilograms of high-energy powder emulsified explosives, and the mass percent of each component of high-energy powder emulsified explosive is: ammonium nitrate 88, and octadecane amine 0.1, water 4, compound wax 4., SP-80 1.2, wood powder 2.7.According to 440 kilograms in the accurate weighing ammonium nitrate of said ratio, 0.5 kilogram of octadecane amine, 20 kilograms in water, 20 kilograms of compound wax, 6 kilograms of SP-80,13.5 kilograms of wood powders.
Operation steps: the first step is with ammonium nitrate, octadecane amine and water heating for dissolving and be warming up to 130 ℃; Second step is with compound wax and SP-80 heat fused and be warming up to 125 ℃; The 3rd step was mixed into uniform mixture with water and oil phase material; The mixture that the 4th step made for the 3rd step atomizes through pressure nozzle, adopts 100 ℃ warm air drying to add wood powder formation high-energy powder emulsified explosive simultaneously; The 5th step made high-energy powder emulsified explosive powder charge after the air-flow cooling with the 4th step, and the cold wind temperature is 10 ℃.Recording blast performance is: explosion velocity 4100m/s, brisance 16mm, capacity for work 345ml, gap distance 8cm.
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| CNB2006100392338A CN100443449C (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2006-03-31 | High-energy powdery emulsion explosive and its preparation method |
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| CNB2006100392338A CN100443449C (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2006-03-31 | High-energy powdery emulsion explosive and its preparation method |
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| CN101045662A true CN101045662A (en) | 2007-10-03 |
| CN100443449C CN100443449C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103145512A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-12 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | High-gurney-energy low-vulnerability PBX explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408388A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-11-27 | 煤炭科学研究总院爆破技术研究所 | Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN104726147A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 宁波柯林菲尔节能环保科技有限公司 | Oil phase of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1027637C (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1995-02-15 | 华东工学院 | Emulsified powdered ammonium nitrate explosive and its preparing process |
| CN1190090A (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-08-12 | 冶金工业部长沙矿冶研究院 | Powdered nitramon without bulking agent and its preparing process |
| CN1121999C (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2003-09-24 | 东南大学 | Powder emulsified explosive for coal mine and productive method thereof |
| CN1140438C (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2004-03-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for making cushion pad with straw as main raw material |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103145512A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-12 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | High-gurney-energy low-vulnerability PBX explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103145512B (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-12-10 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | High-gurney-energy low-vulnerability PBX explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408388A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-11-27 | 煤炭科学研究总院爆破技术研究所 | Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN103408388B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-12-23 | 中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司 | Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN104726147A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 宁波柯林菲尔节能环保科技有限公司 | Oil phase of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100443449C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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Owner name: HE'NAN HUATONG CHEMICAL CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ANHUI DUN'AN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY GROUP CO., LTD. |
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Effective date of registration: 20110428 Address after: 210094 Xiaolingwei, Jiangsu, No. 200, Co-patentee after: He'nan Huatong Chemical Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Nanjing University of Science and Technology Address before: 210094 Xiaolingwei, Jiangsu, No. 200, Co-patentee before: Anhui Dun'an Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Nanjing University of Science and Technology |
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Granted publication date: 20081217 Termination date: 20190331 |