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CN101043196B - Synchro motor drive device - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN101043196B
CN101043196B CN2007100893567A CN200710089356A CN101043196B CN 101043196 B CN101043196 B CN 101043196B CN 2007100893567 A CN2007100893567 A CN 2007100893567A CN 200710089356 A CN200710089356 A CN 200710089356A CN 101043196 B CN101043196 B CN 101043196B
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phase place
value
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correction value
place correction
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CN101043196A (en
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永田浩一郎
奥山俊昭
根本治郎
片山敏男
秋田佳稔
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Hitachi Industrial Products Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种无速度、位置传感器而平滑地起动加速同步电动机,并且抑制反转的同步电动机驱动装置。本发明的同步电动机驱动装置,控制输出电压的大小、频率、相位,在同步电动机的起动时,给上述相位加上给定的相位修正值,将该相位修正值变更1次以上,并且根据输出电流的检测值,修正上述频率或相位。另外,在变更相位修正值时,在电动机的正转方向上增加相位,例如逐次增加90°以下。另外,在最初变更上述给定的相位修正值时,让设定了最初的相位修正值的时间,比设定了变更后的相位修正值的时间短。

Figure 200710089356

The present invention provides a synchronous motor drive device that smoothly starts and accelerates a synchronous motor without speed and position sensors, and suppresses reverse rotation. The synchronous motor driving device of the present invention controls the magnitude, frequency, and phase of the output voltage, adds a given phase correction value to the above-mentioned phase when starting the synchronous motor, changes the phase correction value more than once, and according to the output The detection value of the current corrects the above-mentioned frequency or phase. In addition, when changing the phase correction value, the phase is increased in the forward rotation direction of the motor, for example, by 90° or less. In addition, when the above-mentioned predetermined phase correction value is first changed, the time for setting the first phase correction value is made shorter than the time for setting the changed phase correction value.

Figure 200710089356

Description

Synchro motor drive device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor drive that carries out the variable-speed operation of synchronous motor, particularly a kind of not operating speed, position transducer and start, the motor drive of acceleration synchronization motor.
Background technology
In the no speed of synchronous motor, the position transducer control; Just had a kind of in the past to output current or the overlapping high order harmonic component of output voltage; Utilize the poor of inductance (Ld, Lq) in magnetic flux axle (d axle) and vertical with the magnetic flux axle axle (q axle), detect the method for speed or position of magnetic pole.The technology that patent documentation 1 has been shown among Figure 10 is technological as in the past.In addition, though among Figure 10, synchronous motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, if use the winding type synchronous motor with magnetic field device, action too.In the speed controlling portion 103, operating speed command value ω r *Speed estimating value ω r^ with speed estimating portion 112 calculates calculates torque instruction value τ *Torque instruction value τ *Since after the high order harmonic component stated overlapping, and contain the high order harmonic component composition, remove the high order harmonic component compositions through notch filter 104.In the current-order operational part 105, according to torque instruction value τ *Calculate torque current instruction It *With excitation current instruction Im *Here; In the torque control of synchronous motor; Shown in figure 11, need be controlled to be and make that the phase difference of m axle (perpendicular to the axle of torque current), the relative d axle of t axle (axle that is parallel to torque current), q axle is zero.Next, produce the electric current high order harmonic component Δ Im of given amplitude, frequency in the higher harmonic current generation portion 113 *Electric current high order harmonic component Δ Im *With excitation current instruction Im *Addition, and use phase theta that phase place operational part 109 obtains, with current detection value from current detector 107, by current control division 106 outputs 3 cross streams voltage instructions.In addition, in the current control division 106, carry out t shaft voltage instruction Vt *, m shaft voltage instruction Vm *Computing, and calculate 3 cross streams voltage instructions through coordinate transform based on phase theta.In the power converter portion 101,, give synchronous motor 102 on-load voltages according to the alternating voltage instruction.In addition, detect voltage, and vertically extract the high order harmonic component composition Vh identical out with Δ Im frequency by higher harmonic voltage test section 110 and m axle by voltage detector 108.Afterwards, use high order harmonic component composition Vh and Δ Im, calculate velocity error Δ ω ^ by velocity error test section 111.In the technology, utilized the salience(-cy) of the structure or the magnetic flux of motor in the past, and for example be in Lq under the situation of this relation of Ld, velocity error Δ ω ^ becomes the relation shown in (formula 1).ω h is the frequency of high order harmonic component composition.
Figure S07189356720070402D000021
(formula 1)
In (formula 1); Δ ω ^ under the situation of <img file=" S07189356720070402D000022.GIF " he=" 54 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" tif " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 154 " /> < 0, Δ ω ^ under the situation of <img file=" S07189356720070402D000023.GIF " he=" 54 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" tif " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 153 " >0.In the speed estimating portion 112, the passing ratio integrating circuit is exported velocity error Δ ω ^ as speed estimating value ω r^.Through like this; Be slower than at the m axle under the situation of d axle (<img file=" S07189356720070402D000024.GIF " he=" 52 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" tif " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 155 " />); Pick up speed presumed value Δ ω r^ (Δ ω ^>0); Under the situation of m axle (<img file=" S07189356720070402D000025.GIF " he=" 53 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" tif " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 152 " />) faster than the d axle; Reducing speed presumed value Δ ω r^ (Δ ω ^ 0), through carrying out speed estimating like this.In addition, though among Figure 10 to the overlapping high order harmonic component of electric current and detect voltage, also can use additive method, higher harmonic voltage is overlapped onto in the voltage instruction, and the voltage after using this overlapping and current detection value also can be realized same purpose.
No. 3484058 communiques of [patent documentation 1] special permission (record of (0011) section to (0019) section)
But, in the technology, torque pulsation took place owing to high order harmonic component is overlapping in the past, may receive influences such as mechanical resonance, thereby be difficult to starting smoothly.In addition, utilizing under the situation of salience(-cy), for example under the situation of the synchronous motor with damping winding, because the salience(-cy) that influences of damping winding reduces, the suitable of technology became difficult in the past.In addition, needing under the situation of voltage detecting the influence of the voltage detecting error when being easy to receive low speed.And then, because above-mentioned high order harmonic component and the caused control phase error of voltage detecting error, cause the motor counter-rotating sometimes, causing can ging wrong under the limited situation of reversible angle because of mechanically restriction.Have again, in the design of speed control system and speed estimating system, need the constant of motor and mechanical system, can't clearly grasp these and just be difficult to use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of and when no speed, position transducer starting synchronous motor, can constitute through simple, no torque pulsation is started smoothly, and reduces the synchro motor drive device of reverse angle.
Synchro motor drive device of the present invention is a kind of size, frequency, phase place of control output voltage, drives the motor drive of synchronous motor, when starting, adds given phase place correction value for above-mentioned phase place; This phase place correction value is changed more than 1 time, and according to current detection value correction said frequencies or phase place.In addition, when the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change,, for example increase one by one below 90 ° on the positive veer of motor, to increase the mode of phase place.In addition, when the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of initial change, let the time of having set initial phase place correction value, shorter than the time of setting phase place correction value after changing.In addition; The torque current command value of motor; Be made as the set-point that is no more than load current value, let torque current command value before the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of initial change, littler than the torque current command value after the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of initial change.In addition, based on the frequency correction value or the phase place correction value of above-mentioned current detection value, according to come computing with current detection value that the identical frequency of vibration of the rotating speed of motor is vibrated.
Through the present invention; When no speed, position transducer starting, acceleration synchronization motor; Can constitute through simple, avoid taking place torque pulsation, and can suppress counter-rotating; Therefore can not cause burden, under the not clear situation of motor or mechanical constant, can use in addition yet to mechanical system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the synchro motor drive device of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D000031
of expression embodiment 1 and the figure of the relation that torque takes place.
Fig. 3 is the It of expression embodiment 1 *, ω r *, Δ θ the figure of relation.
Fig. 4 is the It of expression embodiment 3 *, ω r *, Δ θ the figure of relation.
Fig. 5 is the It of expression embodiment 4 *, ω r *, Δ θ the figure of relation.
Fig. 6 is the It of expression embodiment 5 *, ω r *, Δ θ the figure of relation.
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of the synchro motor drive device of embodiment 6.
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of the synchro motor drive device of embodiment 7.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the synchro motor drive device of embodiment 8.
Figure 10 is the structure chart of induction motor drive unit of technology in the past.
Figure 11 is for representing the figure of the reference axis of technology in the past.
Among the figure: 1-torque instruction value configuration part, 2-phase place correction value configuration part, 3-frequency correction value operational part, 4-coordinate converting section; 5-integration part, 11-current-order switching part, 101-power converter portion, 102-synchronous motor; 103-speed controlling portion, 104-notch filter, 105-current-order operational part, 106-current control division; 107-current detector, 108-voltage detector, 109-phase place operational part, 110-higher harmonic voltage test section; 111-velocity error test section, 112-speed estimating portion, 113-higher harmonic current generation portion, 121-starting could test section; 122-phase place correction value is the configuration part again, and 123-current-order is the configuration part again, and 124-speed command is the configuration part again.
Embodiment
The contrast accompanying drawing is elaborated to the present invention below.
[embodiment 1]
Use Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the induction motor drive unit of present embodiment and the technological in the past different portions of Figure 10 are described.In addition, related here is the control method of given speed from start to accelerating to.In the torque instruction value configuration part 1; Let torque instruction value
Figure S07189356720070402D000041
be equivalent to accelerating torque+load torque, for example be made as about 60% of nominal torque.Next, in the current-order operational part 105, torque current instruction It is set *=set-point, excitation current instruction Im *=0.Because the field supply by other magnetic field device produces magnetic flux, therefore generally be controlled to be Im=0.At this moment; The electric current I d of synchronous motor 102, Iq, magnetic flux Φ d, Φ q, generation torque
Figure S07189356720070402D000042
are respectively shown in (formula 2) to (formula 6).In addition; Phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D000043
is the phase deviation of d axle shown in Figure 11 and m axle, and Md, If, P are respectively the number of poles of d axle coefficient of mutual inductance, field supply and motor.
Figure S07189356720070402D000044
(formula 2)
Figure S07189356720070402D000045
(formula 3)
Φ d=LdId+MdIf (formula 4)
Φ q=LqIq (formula 5)
Figure S07189356720070402D000048
(formula 6)
Here; It is relation shown in Figure 2 with phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D0000410
that torque
Figure S07189356720070402D000049
takes place; For example shown in Figure 2; If establishing the needed torque of the starting of motor is 30% of nominal torque; Just as shown in Figure 2; But the scope that has a starting phase poor
Figure S07189356720070402D0000411
with can't startup range, even and the scope that exists starting also can reverse.When starting motor; Because the initial position of motor flux is not clear; Therefore phase difference because of how setting control phase changes, and can't learn above-mentioned which scope that got into.
Therefore, in the phase place correction portion 2,, for example make the phase place correction value be changed to Δ θ=-180 ° →-90 ° → 0 ° as phase place correction value Δ θ.Phase place correction value Δ θ and phase theta addition are used for the coordinate transform of current control division 106 and coordinate converting section 4.Through like this; Even got at first under phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D000051
that can't startup range, 270 ° ± 20 ° the situation; Through staggering 90 ° phase place; But also can get into startup range, the rotor starting of motor.In addition, phase place correction value Δ θ makes that through on positive veer, increasing rotor is easy to rotate up in pros.
Torque current instruction It has been shown among Fig. 3 *, speed value ω r *, and phase place correction value Δ θ between relation.Torque current instruction It *Tax is with set-point.In addition, though among Fig. 3, starting from scratch at first rises to set-point, can be set-point at the very start also.Phase place correction value Δ θ, 90 ° of ground one by one, aligned position also increases in 1,2,3 scope.Though in the present embodiment, twice change phase place correction value Δ θ, so long as get final product more than 1 time, but start more easily than 1 time more than 2 times.Speed value ω r *For example 0 begin to increase from set-point.Can let speed value ω r *From beginning increase at first.At this moment, at speed value ω r *Set-point be set as under 0 the situation, the position of magnetic pole (d axle) that moves to rotor is parallel to current axis (t axle) (phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D000052
Or 270 °), make torque tau m=0 takes place.Through like this; D axial phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D000053
rotation, vibrate as the center at the beginning.The counter-rotating situation takes place this moment.
Therefore, frequency correction value operational part 3 through detect the vibration of the rotating speed of motor according to current detection value, calculates frequency correction value Δ ω, and revises output frequency, and the vibration that suppresses to rotate reduces counter-rotating.Frequency correction value operational part 3 for example adopts ratio circuit, with ImFB as input.This be because; Pass through phase difference during starting; The q axle overlaps with the m axle among Figure 11; Therefore under the situation that influences Iq generation vibration of the vibration component that receives rotor, this vibration component is the strong cause that embodies in ImFB.Therefore, use ImFB to come control frequency, suppress the vibration of rotating speed, reduce counter-rotating.And then, passed through after preset time, make its command value ω r that gathers way *, quicken.At this moment; Influence at phase difference
Figure S07189356720070402D000055
causes rotating speed to take place under the situation of vibration; Use has the current detection value of the vibration component identical with the vibration frequency of rotating speed; Calculate frequency correction value Δ ω, control frequency.In this case, can not use the ImFB of Fig. 1 and use ItFB, frequency correction value operational part 3 is made up of ratio or proportional integral or incomplete differential circuit.Through like this, the same during with starting, when quickening, also can suppress the vibration of rotating speed.In addition, through by 109 couples of speed value ω of phase place operational part r *Carry out integration with frequency correction value Δ ω sum, calculate phase theta as control phase.Through like this, because therefore operating speed presumed value not can not receive the influence of caused speed estimating errors such as voltage, current detecting error.
As stated, in the present embodiment, in the Start-up of Synchronous Motor of no speed, position transducer, the phase place that setting can be started reduces counter-rotating simultaneously.Like this, can carry out level and smooth starting, acceleration, can not bring burden simultaneously to mechanical system through simple setting.
[embodiment 2]
Present embodiment and embodiment 1 different portions are described.In the present embodiment,, change the number of degrees such as for example 90 ° or 45 ° or 30 ° or 10 ° below 90 ° one by one with phase place correction value Δ θ.Through like this, rotation becomes more level and smooth.
[embodiment 3]
Use Fig. 4, present embodiment and embodiment 1, embodiment 2 different portions are described.Among Fig. 4, relative Fig. 3 of embodiment 1 lets the time t1 that phase place correction value Δ θ is made as initial set point, and is shorter than time t2-t1, the t3-t2 of later change phase place correction value Δ θ.This be because, among Figure 11, under the situation about beginning in 180 ° the position of staggering from t axle (current axis) and d axle (magnetic pole axle); Can't start; And because the t shaft current causes degaussing, therefore change and t axle (m axle) when moving, can't start because of degaussing sometimes at phase place correction value Δ θ.In addition; Why t1 can start with interior; Be because near phase place correction value
Figure S07189356720070402D000061
; But next, phase place correction value Δ θ also is in the startup range when moving 90 °, as long as prevent the degaussing of initial phase place correction value Δ θ.In the present embodiment,, can suppress degaussing, easily starting through shortening the setting-up time of initial phase place correction value Δ θ.
[embodiment 4]
Use Fig. 5, present embodiment and embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 different portions are described.Among Fig. 5, let initial setting phase place correction value Δ θ during torque current instruction It in (location 1) *, than changed phase place correction value Δ θ during torque current instruction It in (location 2, location 3) *Little.For example, location 1 is made as and is 40% of rated current, after this is 60%, and is the degree that can not form overcurrent.Through reducing initial torque current instruction It *, the same with embodiment 3, be at first can degaussing, the same with embodiment 3, starting easily.
[embodiment 5]
Use Fig. 6, present embodiment and embodiment 1 to embodiment 4 different portions are described.Among Fig. 6,, torque current is instructed It in the moment of change phase place correction value Δ θ *Temporarily be made as 0, recover again afterwards.Like this,, can suppress the excessive increase of the caused electric current of phase change, the overcurrent when preventing phase place correction value Δ θ change through phase place correction value Δ θ.
[embodiment 6]
Use Fig. 7, present embodiment and embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 different portions are described.Among Fig. 7, Fig. 1 carries out integration with the frequency correction value Δ ω that is obtained in the frequency correction value operational part 3, and is altered to phase place in integration part 5 relatively, and phase theta is revised.This and embodiment 1 equivalence can access the effect identical with embodiment 1.
[embodiment 7]
Use Fig. 8, present embodiment and embodiment 1 to embodiment 6 different portions are described.Among Fig. 8, Fig. 1 is provided with current-order switching part 11 and replaces phase place correction value configuration part 2 relatively.Current-order switching part 11 of embodiment 1, makes phase theta begin to increase from initial value under 90 ° the situation, for example shown in (formula 7), (formula 8), according to torque current instruction It *, excitation current instruction Im *, calculate It *, Im *
It *=sin (90 °) Im *+ cos (90 °) It *(formula 7)
Im *=cos (90 °) Im *-sin (90 °) It *(formula 8)
At excitation current instruction Im *Under=0 the situation, It *=0, Im *=-It *In addition, next shown in embodiment 1, hoping increases phase theta under 180 ° the situation from initial value, in the current-order switching part 11, as long as (formula 7), (formula 8) 90 ° are become 180 °, calculates It *, Im *Get final product.Through like this, need not actual change phase theta, just with let t axle, m axle rotation given angle equivalence, thereby can access the effect identical with embodiment 1.
[embodiment 8]
Use Fig. 9, present embodiment and embodiment 1 to embodiment 7 different portions are described.Among Fig. 9, relative Fig. 1, whether being provided with starting could test section 121, use current detection value to discern starting and quicken well to carry out.For example, be under the situation more than the given electric current at current detection value, be regarded as starting and quicken failure.In addition, though omit among Fig. 9, in the present embodiment except current detection value, can also the working voltage detected value or voltage instruction value.Quicken under the situation of failure detecting starting, in order to restart, speed command configuration part 124 again is classified as initial value with speed value.In addition, the phase place correction value is again in the configuration part 122, and phase place correction value (number of times that comprises value and change phase place) is set at different value under the situation with starting failure again.In addition, current-order is again in the configuration part 123, and current instruction value (comprising value and change number of times) is set at different value under the situation with starting failure again.As long as the change of value is with at least one side in phase place correction value and the current instruction value.For example, the same through the phase place correction value is made as the value less than the last time with embodiment 2, make that rotation is more level and smooth.In addition, if current instruction value greater than the last time, just torque can increase, starts and quickens to be more prone to.

Claims (18)

1. motor drive, the size of control output voltage, frequency, phase place drive synchronous motor, it is characterized in that having:
Phase place correction value configuration part when above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor, adds given phase place correction value for above-mentioned phase place;
Frequency correction value operational part with the change of this phase place correction value more than 1 time, and calculates the correction value of said frequencies according to the detected value of output current, revises the frequency of above-mentioned output voltage.
2. motor drive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
When above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor,
The speed value initial value is made as set-point, during till this speed value of increase, carries out the correction of above-mentioned phase place and the correction of frequency.
3. motor drive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said phase place correction value configuration part when the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change, increases phase place on the positive veer of above-mentioned synchronous motor.
4. motor drive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The time of initial phase place correction value when the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of initial change, has been set in said phase place correction value configuration part, and is shorter than the time of having set phase place correction value after changing.
5. motor drive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
With the torque current command value of above-mentioned synchronous motor, be made as the set-point of the load current value that is no more than above-mentioned synchronous motor.
6. motor drive as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Let torque current command value before the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of initial change, littler than the torque current command value after the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change.
7. motor drive as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Said phase place correction value configuration part; For make the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change during in above-mentioned torque current command value be zero; Before the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change; With given speed above-mentioned torque current command value is made as zero, changes after the above-mentioned given phase place correction value, above-mentioned torque current command value is recovered initial value with given speed.
8. motor drive, the size of control output voltage, frequency, phase place drive synchronous motor, it is characterized in that having:
Phase place correction value configuration part when above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor, adds given phase place correction value for above-mentioned phase place,
The phase place correction value is the configuration part again, and the phase place correction value that this is given changes more than 1 time, and will add to above-mentioned phase place mutually according to the phase place correction value that detected value calculated of output current.
9. motor drive as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:
When above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor,
The speed value initial value is made as set-point, during till this speed value of increase, carries out the correction of above-mentioned phase place.
10. motor drive as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:
Said phase place correction value configuration part when the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change, increases phase place on the positive veer of above-mentioned synchronous motor.
11. motor drive as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:
The time of initial phase place correction value when the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of initial change, is set in said phase place correction value configuration part, lacks than the time of setting phase place correction value after changing.
12. motor drive as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:
The torque current command value of above-mentioned synchronous motor is made as the set-point of the load current value that is no more than above-mentioned synchronous motor.
13. motor drive as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
The above-mentioned given phase place correction value torque current command value before of initial change is littler than the above-mentioned given phase place correction value torque current command value afterwards of change.
14. motor drive as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
Said phase place correction value configuration part; For make the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change during in above-mentioned torque current command value be zero; Before the above-mentioned given phase place correction value of change; With given speed above-mentioned torque current command value is made as zero, changes after the above-mentioned given phase place correction value, above-mentioned torque current command value is recovered initial value with given speed.
15. a motor drive is set the t axle be parallel to torque current and perpendicular to the current instruction value of the m axle of this t axle, the size of control output voltage, frequency, phase place drive synchronous motor, it is characterized in that having:
The current-order switching part when above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor, changes the value of above-mentioned t shaft current command value more than 1 time and above-mentioned m shaft current command value at least; And,
Frequency correction value operational part, according to the detected value of output current, the correction value of computing said frequencies is revised said frequencies.
16. motor drive as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that:
When above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor,
The speed value initial value is made as set-point, during till increase this speed value, carries out change and the correction of said frequencies of the value of above-mentioned t shaft current command value and m shaft current command value.
17. a motor drive is set the t axle be parallel to torque current and perpendicular to the current instruction value of the m axle of this t axle, the size of control output voltage, frequency, phase place drive synchronous motor, it is characterized in that having:
The current instruction value switching part when above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor, changes the value of above-mentioned t shaft current command value more than 1 time and above-mentioned m shaft current command value at least; And,
Phase place correction value configuration part will add to above-mentioned phase place mutually according to the phase place correction value that detected value calculated of output current.
18. motor drive as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that:
When above-mentioned Start-up of Synchronous Motor,
The speed value initial value is made as set-point; During till this speed value of increase, carry out above-mentioned t shaft current command value and the change of the value of m shaft current command value and the phase place correction that will add to above-mentioned phase place mutually according to the phase place correction value that above-mentioned current detection value calculated.
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