CN101030301A - Virtual computer for remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground - Google Patents
Virtual computer for remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground Download PDFInfo
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- CN101030301A CN101030301A CN 200710038699 CN200710038699A CN101030301A CN 101030301 A CN101030301 A CN 101030301A CN 200710038699 CN200710038699 CN 200710038699 CN 200710038699 A CN200710038699 A CN 200710038699A CN 101030301 A CN101030301 A CN 101030301A
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Abstract
本发明涉及起伏地面上遥感分布图像的计算机虚拟。本方法是：首先，在地理信息系统的支持下，虚拟不同的太阳位置参数和利用数字地形图以及数字地形图上各点的地理坐标，由计算机逐点计算数字地形图上各点的虚拟太阳直射光地形照射系数，最后将获得的各点虚拟太阳直射光地形照射系数转化为虚拟太阳直射光分布图，所述的太阳位置参数是指太阳的高度角和方位角；所述的数字地形图是指卫片遥测数字地形图配准的数字地面模型；所述的各点的地理坐标是指数字地形图上各点相应的经纬度。建立卫星遥感信息与地形、太阳直射光和天空散射光之间定量关系的数理模型；继之解析卫星遥感数字图像：生成太阳直射光遥感图像和天空散射光遥感图像、分别进行地形变换，消除起伏地形上的辐射差异以及这种差异对卫星遥感数字图像的影响；然后判断和消除遥感数字图像的山体与云层阴影；在此基础上最后完成起伏地面上遥感分布图像的计算机虚拟。本发明具有定量、直观、可视地反映了虚拟太阳直射光照度在自然地表的相对分布的特点。
The invention relates to computer virtualization of remote sensing distribution images on undulating ground. The method is as follows: firstly, with the support of geographic information system, different sun position parameters are simulated and the digital topographic map and the geographical coordinates of each point on the digital topographic map are used to calculate the virtual sun of each point on the digital topographic map point by point by the computer. Direct light topographical exposure coefficient, finally transform the virtual direct solar light topographical exposure coefficient of each point obtained into a virtual direct solar light distribution map, the sun position parameter refers to the altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun; the digital topographic map Refers to the digital ground model registered with the satellite telemetry digital topographic map; the geographical coordinates of each point refer to the corresponding latitude and longitude of each point on the digital topographic map. Establish a mathematical model of the quantitative relationship between satellite remote sensing information and terrain, direct sunlight, and scattered sky light; then analyze satellite remote sensing digital images: generate direct solar light remote sensing images and sky scattered light remote sensing images, perform terrain transformation respectively, and eliminate fluctuations The radiation difference on the terrain and the impact of this difference on the satellite remote sensing digital image; then judge and eliminate the shadows of mountains and clouds in the remote sensing digital image; on this basis, finally complete the computer virtualization of the remote sensing distribution image on the undulating ground. The invention has the characteristics of quantitatively, intuitively and visually reflecting the relative distribution of the direct illuminance of the virtual sun on the natural surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of remote sensing and geographic information system technology, particularly utilize the method for the computer virtual of computer virtual structure remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground.
Background technology
Because of landform blocking and shielding to direct sunlight, the direct sunlight Illumination Distribution of comparing on the natural terrain with wide level ground will be changed by the influence of topography, thereby changed atural object sensor information, influenced the quality and the quantitative examination of remote sensing digital image, the precision of application.Landform always is the difficult problem of satellite remote sensing digital image processing and application to the elimination of the influence of satellite remote sensing image and massif shade, clouds layer shadow.Existing satellite remote sensing digital image processing and application technology all fundamentally do not address this problem.This invention is under GIS supports, the method for the computer virtual by computer virtual structure remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground has solved this problem preferably from theory and practice.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground at a difficult problem that exists in the prior art.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground is characterized in that:
At first, under the support of Geographic Information System, virtual different position of sun parameter and the geographic coordinate that utilizes each point on digital topography map and the digital topography map, calculate the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of each point on the digital topography map by the computing machine pointwise, at last the virtual direct sunlight landform of the each point illumination coefficient that obtains is converted into virtual direct sunlight distribution plan, described position of sun parameter is meant the elevation angle and the position angle of the sun; Described digital topography map is meant the digital terrain model of defending sheet remote measurement digital topography map registration; The geographic coordinate of described each point is meant the corresponding longitude and latitude of each point on the digital topography map.Set up the mathematical model of quantitative relationship between satellite remote sensing information and landform, direct sunlight and the sky scattering light; The parsing satellite remote sensing digital image that continues: generate direct sunlight remote sensing images and sky scattering light remote sensing images, carry out topographic change respectively, the radiation difference on the elimination rugged topography and this species diversity are to the influence of satellite remote sensing digital image; Judge and eliminate the massif and the clouds layer shadow of remote sensing digital image then; Finish the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground on this basis at last;
Its concrete operations step is as follows:
(1), input research area digital topography map, the satellite remote sensing digital image in Study of Registration area and digital topography map, and be divided into grid;
(2), sun altitude, the position angle of each point on the digital topography map calculated in pointwise;
(3), the judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow on the calculating analog digital topomap;
(4), the ground direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of each point on the virtual calculating digital topography map;
(5), the computing machine of direct sunlight distributed image generates with visual on the rolling ground.
Above-described computing machine pointwise is calculated virtual sun altitude, the position angle of each point on the digital topography map and is calculated by following formula:
θ
ij＝arcsin(sinφ*sinδ+cosφ*cosδ*cost(i，j)) (1)
A(i，j)＝arcsin(sinθ
ij*sinφ-sinδ)/cosθ
ij*cosφ) (2)
δ＝arcsin(sinθ*sinφ-cosθ*cosφ*cosA) (3)
t＝arcsin(cosθ
ij*sinA/cosδ)+Δλ (4)
θ wherein, A, δ are respectively and defend substar sun altitude in the sheet annotation, position angle and sun Chi Jiao; λ, φ are respectively the geographical longitude and latitude of substar.Δ λ is the longitude increment of pixel point to substar.
The judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow is on the above-mentioned analog digital ground type figure: utilize digital topography map and the location parameter of defending the sun of sheet pixel with the satellite remote sensing digital image registration, be elevation angle, position angle, carry out the judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow, the criterion of its judgement is: the sun altitude that is equal to, or greater than this pixel point in the maximum landform, cloud layer, the elevation angle that shine upon this pixel point of direction promptly: DH (i, j) 〉=θ
Ij, then this pixel point is a shade; Otherwise then not shade.
Direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient in each point ground (domatic) on the above-mentioned virtual calculating digital topography map; Comprise for digital topography map top shadow and unshaded point, calculate its virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient respectively.
(1) calculating of the virtual direct sunlight landform of the some illumination coefficient in the digital topography map top shadow:
Because the virtual direct sunlight illumination of the point in the digital topography map top shadow is 0, so virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient: F
Ij=0;
(2) the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of unshaded point is calculated on the digital topography map:
The virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of non-shadow spots is calculated on the digital topography map, and is as follows:
F
ij＝1-tgα
ij·ctgθ
ij·cosω
ij，ω
ij＝AL
ij-A
ij (5)
Wherein, pixel ground altitude of the sun θ
Ij, position angle AL
IjProvide pixel ground inclination α by the virtual sheet annotation of defending
Ij, aspect A
IjAnd pixel provides ω through, latitude by the virtual corresponding DTM of sheet (digital terrain model that digital topography map generates) that defends
IjRepresent the angle of solar azimuth and ground aspect.
Above-mentioned again the computing machine of virtual direct sunlight (normalization) distributed image on the rolling ground is generated with visual.Be that the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of the each point that will obtain is implemented linear stretch by original ranks series arrangement and pointwise and calculated, realize the one-tenth figure of virtual direct sunlight landform irradiation normalization coefficient and visual.
GN
ij＝INT(F
ij×MAX(DN)/F)+0.5)；I＝1、2、3…M；J＝1、2、3…N (6)
F＝INT(MAX((F
ij))；I＝1、2、3…M；J＝1、2、3…N) (7)
Wherein DN is the brightness of image value, MAX (DN)=2
K=-1 is maximum brightness value, and the maximum that M, N are respectively image is the pixel number in length and breadth.
Advantage that this invention is compared with prior art had and good effect
Generate ground direct sunlight distribution plan according to the inventive method, expressed the virtual direct sunlight relative exposure of nature ground each point under the influence of topography: virtual direct sunlight distribution (normalization) image that computing machine generates quantitatively, intuitively, has visually reflected the relative distribution of virtual direct sunlight illumination at natural terrain; The inventive method is in the influence of topography correction of the direct sunlight of remote sensing images, the Digital Simulation of radar detection effect, the Computer Simulation of remote sensing digital image and virtual, the dizzy computer manufacture that dyes map, defend the automatic differentiation of topographic shadowing on the sheet and the reallocation research of ground natural light radiation, the aspects such as planning and design of ground radar site all play an important role.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the computer virtual process flow diagram of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is 1: 10 ten thousand digital topography map (1024 * 1024) in area, Longyan, Fujian;
Fig. 3 is the linear stretch of true direct sunlight topography profile conversion coefficient.Be expressed as picture moment direct sunlight radiation at the true normalization on the rolling ground (the direct sunlight radiant illumination is 1 on the level ground) distributed image.
Fig. 4 is the linear stretch of virtual direct sunlight topography profile conversion coefficient.Be expressed as picture virtual direct sunlight radiation of moment at the normalization on the rolling ground (the direct sunlight radiant illumination is 1 on the level ground) distributed image.
Embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:
This example is the computer virtual of area, Longyan, Fujian 1: 10 ten thousand digital topography map (1024 * 1024) with remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground.
Referring to Fig. 2, it has shown this enforcement and has wanted the research area, i.e. 1: 10 ten thousand digital topography map (1024 * 1024) in area, Fujian China Longyan.
Referring to Fig. 3, it has shown area, Fujian China Longyan direct sunlight topography profile image (1024 * 1024, the solar direction southeast).
See also Fig. 1, it is the computer virtual process flow diagram of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground of the present invention, and in GIS, operating procedure is as follows:
Step 1. beginning, start-up routine, operation routinely earlier, input research area digital topography map, the satellite remote sensing digital image in Study of Registration area and digital topography map, and be divided into grid.
Step 2. is chosen first point on the digital topography map (i.e. first grid), the sun altitude of virtual this point, position angle on digital topography map: calculate by following formula:
θ
ij＝arcsin(sinφ*sinδ+cosφ*cosδ*cost(i，j)) (1)
A(i，j)＝arcsin(sinθ
ij*sinφ-sinδ)/cosθ
ij*cosφ) (2)
δ＝arcsin(sinθ*sinφ-cosθ*cosφ*cosA) (3)
t＝arcsin(cosθ
ij*sinA/cosδ)+Δλ (4)
θ, A, δ: defend substar sun altitude in the sheet annotation, position angle and sun Chi Jiao; λ, φ: be respectively the geographical longitude and latitude of substar.Δ λ is the longitude increment of pixel point to substar.
The judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow on the step 3. computer simulation digital topography map:
Utilize digital topography map and the location parameter of defending the sun of sheet pixel with the satellite remote sensing digital image registration, be elevation angle, position angle, carry out the judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow, the criterion of its judgement is: the sun altitude that is equal to, or greater than this pixel point in the maximum landform, cloud layer, the elevation angle that shine upon this pixel point of direction promptly: DH (i, j) 〉=θ
Ij, then this pixel point is a shade; Otherwise then not shade.
Ground (domatic) the direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of each point on the virtual calculating digital topography map of step 4.:
For digital topography map top shadow and unshaded point, calculate its virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient respectively.
(1). the calculating of the virtual direct sunlight landform of the some illumination coefficient in the digital topography map top shadow:
Because the virtual direct sunlight illumination of the point in the digital topography map top shadow is 0, so virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient: F
Ij=0
(2). the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of unshaded point is calculated on the digital topography map:
The virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of non-shadow spots is calculated on the digital topography map, and is as follows:
F
ij＝1-tgα
ij·ctgθ
ij·cosω
ij ω
ij＝AL
ij-A
ij (5)
Pixel ground altitude of the sun θ
Ij, position angle AL
IjProvide pixel ground inclination α by the virtual sheet annotation of defending
Ij, aspect A
IjAnd pixel provides ω through, latitude by the virtual corresponding DTM of sheet (digital terrain model that digital topography map generates) that defends
IjRepresent the angle of solar azimuth and ground aspect.
Whether step 5. is judged to have a few on the digital topography map to calculate and is finished, if do not finish, carries out ' next point ', returns execution in step 2; Otherwise execution in step 6.
The computing machine of direct sunlight on step 6. rolling ground (normalization) distributed image generates with visual.
The virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of the each point that obtains is implemented linear stretch by original ranks series arrangement and pointwise calculate, realize the one-tenth figure of virtual direct sunlight landform irradiation normalization coefficient and visual.As shown in Figure 4, wherein, GN
Ij=INT (F
Ij* MAX (DN)/F)+0.5); I=1,2,3 ... M; J=1,2,3 ... N (6)
F＝INT(MAX((F
ij))；I＝1、2、3…M；J＝1、2、3…N) (7)
Wherein DN is the brightness of image value; MAX (DN)=2
K=-1 maximum that is respectively image for maximum brightness value .M, N is the pixel number in length and breadth.
Step 7. output associated picture, program is finished.
Claims (5)
1. the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground is characterized in that:
At first, under the support of Geographic Information System, virtual different position of sun parameter and the geographic coordinate that utilizes each point on digital topography map and the digital topography map, calculate the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of each point on the digital topography map by the computing machine pointwise, at last the virtual direct sunlight landform of the each point illumination coefficient that obtains is converted into virtual direct sunlight distribution plan, described position of sun parameter is meant the elevation angle and the position angle of the sun; Described digital topography map is meant the digital terrain model of defending sheet remote measurement digital topography map registration; The geographic coordinate of described each point is meant the corresponding longitude and latitude of each point on the digital topography map.Set up the mathematical model of quantitative relationship between satellite remote sensing information and landform, direct sunlight and the sky scattering light; The parsing satellite remote sensing digital image that continues: generate direct sunlight remote sensing images and sky scattering light remote sensing images, carry out topographic change respectively, the radiation difference on the elimination rugged topography and this species diversity are to the influence of satellite remote sensing digital image; Judge and eliminate the massif and the clouds layer shadow of remote sensing digital image then; Finish the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground on this basis at last;
Its concrete operations step is as follows:
(1), input research area digital topography map, the satellite remote sensing digital image in Study of Registration area and digital topography map, and be divided into grid;
(2), sun altitude, the position angle of each point on the digital topography map calculated in pointwise;
(3), the judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow on the calculating analog digital topomap;
(4), the ground direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of each point on the virtual calculating digital topography map;
(5), the computing machine of direct sunlight distributed image generates with visual on the rolling ground.
2. the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the computing machine pointwise in the described step (2) is calculated virtual sun altitude, the position angle of each point on the digital topography map and calculated by following formula:
θ
ij＝arcsin(sinφ*sinδ+cosφ*cosδ*cost(i，j))，
A(i，j)＝arcsin(sinθ
ij*sinφ-sinδ)/cosθ
ij*cosφ)，
δ＝arcsin(sinθ*sinφ-cosθ*cosφ*cosA)，
t＝arcsin(cosθ
ij*sinA/cosδ)+Δλ，
θ wherein, A, δ are respectively and defend substar sun altitude in the sheet annotation, position angle and sun Chi Jiao; λ, φ are respectively the geographical longitude and latitude of substar, and Δ λ is the longitude increment of pixel point to substar.
3. the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described step (3) computer simulation digitally on the type figure judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow be: utilize with the digital topography map of satellite remote sensing digital image registration and defend the location parameter of the sun of sheet pixel, it is elevation angle, the position angle, carry out the judgement of massif and clouds layer shadow, the criterion of its judgement is: shining upon the maximum landform of this pixel point of direction, cloud layer, the sun altitude that elevation angle is equal to, or greater than this pixel point is promptly: and DH (i, j) 〉=θ
Ij, then this pixel point is a shade; Otherwise then not shade.
4. the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground according to claim 1, it is characterized in that each point ground or domatic direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient on the virtual calculating digital topography map in the described step (4): comprise that for digital topography map top shadow and unshaded point it is as follows to calculate its virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient respectively:
(1) calculating of the virtual direct sunlight landform of the some illumination coefficient in the digital topography map top shadow:
Because the virtual direct sunlight illumination of the point in the digital topography map top shadow is 0, so virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient: F
Ij=0;
(2) the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of unshaded point is calculated on the digital topography map:
The virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of non-shadow spots is calculated on the digital topography map, and is as follows:
F
ij＝1-tgα
ij·ctgθ
ij·cosω
ij，ω
ij＝AL
ij-A
ij，
Pixel ground altitude of the sun θ wherein
Ij, position angle AL
IjProvide pixel ground inclination α by the virtual sheet annotation of defending
Ij, aspect A
IjAnd pixel is defended the digital terrain model DTM that the corresponding digital topography map of sheet generates and is provided ω by virtual through, latitude
IjRepresent the angle of solar azimuth and ground aspect.
5. the computer virtual of remote-sensing distributed image on rolling ground according to claim 1, the computing machine that it is characterized in that virtual direct sunlight distributed image on the rolling ground in the described step (5) generates with visual and is: the virtual direct sunlight landform illumination coefficient of the each point that obtains is implemented linear stretch by original ranks series arrangement and pointwise calculate, realize the one-tenth figure of virtual direct sunlight landform irradiation normalization coefficient and visual.
GN
ij＝INT(F
ij×MAX(DN)/F)+0.5)；I＝1、2、3…M；J＝1、2、3…N，
F＝INT(MAX((F
ij))；I＝1、2、3…M；J＝1、2、3…N)，
Wherein DN is the brightness of image value; MAX (DN)=2
K=-1 is maximum brightness value, and the maximum that M, N are respectively image is the pixel number in length and breadth.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101515038B (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2011-09-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Analogy method for remote sensing radiance data cube in flat terrain |
| CN101706967B (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-10-05 | 电子科技大学 | A Comprehensive Simulation Method of Realistic Cloud Layer |
| CN101704686B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-12-28 | 北京金自天正智能控制股份有限公司 | Method for automatically drawing salt bed distribution of salt pond in production of potash fertilizer |
| CN102346922A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-08 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 | Space remote sensing load imaging geometric distortion three-dimensional visualization simulation method |
| CN102105902B (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2013-03-06 | 株式会社博思科 | Method and device for generating ground surface image data |
| WO2016106950A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-07 | 华中科技大学 | Zonal underground structure detection method based on sun illumination and shade compensation |
| CN105787885A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 中国土地勘测规划院 | Computer generation method of direct sunlight normalized distribution image |
-
2007
- 2007-03-29 CN CN 200710038699 patent/CN101030301A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101515038B (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2011-09-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Analogy method for remote sensing radiance data cube in flat terrain |
| CN102105902B (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2013-03-06 | 株式会社博思科 | Method and device for generating ground surface image data |
| CN101704686B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-12-28 | 北京金自天正智能控制股份有限公司 | Method for automatically drawing salt bed distribution of salt pond in production of potash fertilizer |
| CN101706967B (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-10-05 | 电子科技大学 | A Comprehensive Simulation Method of Realistic Cloud Layer |
| CN102346922A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-08 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 | Space remote sensing load imaging geometric distortion three-dimensional visualization simulation method |
| CN102346922B (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2013-09-18 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 | Space remote sensing load imaging geometric distortion three-dimensional visualization simulation method |
| CN105787885A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 中国土地勘测规划院 | Computer generation method of direct sunlight normalized distribution image |
| WO2016106950A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-07 | 华中科技大学 | Zonal underground structure detection method based on sun illumination and shade compensation |
| US9582885B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2017-02-28 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Zonal underground structure detection method based on sun shadow compensation |
| CN104637073B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-09-15 | 华中科技大学 | It is a kind of based on the banding underground structure detection method for shining upon shadow compensation |
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