CN101025075B - Automatic inclination-proof drilling well apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic anti-deviation drilling device, which includes a drill collar body, one end of the drill collar body is a support section of the drill collar body, a piston chamber is provided, and a through hole is provided to communicate the piston chamber with the inner cavity of the drill collar body. A piston is matched in the piston chamber. An eccentric sleeve is arranged on the axial fixed sleeve at the other end of the drill collar body. The inner wall of the eccentric sleeve is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the outer wall of the drill collar is correspondingly provided with a semi-circular groove. The annular cavity formed by the annular groove is filled with a plurality of steel balls. The outer diameter of the supporting block of the eccentric sleeve is larger than that of the supporting section of the drill collar body, and the outer diameters of other parts of the eccentric sleeve are smaller than the outer diameter of the supporting section of the drill collar body. The side of the center of gravity of the eccentric sleeve forms a certain angle with the support block. According to the principle of tumbler and lever, the drilling tool can automatically generate a large force of declination, so as to prevent the deviation of the wellbore.

Description

Automatic Anti-deviation Drilling Device

technical field

The invention relates to an automatic anti-deviation drilling device, in particular to a drilling device capable of automatically preventing the deflection of the wellbore by arranging an eccentric mechanism and a hydraulic piston mechanism on the drill collar body, and belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering.

Background technique

Drilling is the basic method for the exploration and development of underground resources such as oil and natural gas, and vertical drilling is one of the technical problems often encountered in drilling sites. When drilling vertical wells, if the well deviation is too large, the wellbore will deviate from the underground design target, disrupting the layout of oil and gas field development. In deviated wells, the drill string tends to lean against one side of the well wall, and severe friction occurs during rotation, which may cause the drill string to wear and break, and may also cause accidents such as well wall collapse and keyway sticking. Excessive well deviation will also affect the quality of cementing, and often cause wear and breakage of sucker rods in pumping wells. Therefore, excessive well deviation will do great harm to the exploration and development of oil and gas fields.

However, currently used drilling tools, including pendulum drilling tools, tower drilling tools, full-hole drilling tools, and off-axis drilling tools, etc., mainly rely on the weight of the drill string itself to generate the declination force. Generally very small, it cannot meet the requirements of anti-deviation when drilling in some blocks.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a drilling device that can automatically generate a large force for descending the slope by using the tumbler principle and the leverage principle, so as to prevent the deviation of the borehole.

The automatic anti-deviation drilling device of the present invention includes a drill collar body, which is characterized in that: one end of the drill collar body is a drill collar body supporting section, a piston chamber is provided, and a through hole is also provided to communicate the piston chamber with the drill collar body cavity. A piston is matched in the piston chamber. An eccentric sleeve is arranged on the axial fixed sleeve at the other end of the drill collar body. The inner wall of the eccentric sleeve is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the outer wall of the drill collar is correspondingly provided with a semi-circular groove. The annular cavity formed by the annular groove is filled with a plurality of steel balls. The outer diameter of the supporting block of the eccentric sleeve is larger than that of the supporting section of the drill collar body, and the outer diameters of other parts of the eccentric sleeve are smaller than the outer diameter of the supporting section of the drill collar body. The side of the center of gravity of the eccentric sleeve forms a certain angle with the support block.

The above-mentioned present invention utilizes the tumbler principle, and when the well inclination exceeds a certain value, the eccentric sleeve support block will stop at the high side of the wellbore. At this time, when the piston is on the high side of the wellbore, it can directly push the drill bit to the low side, resulting in a declination effect; when the piston is on the low side of the wellbore, according to the principle of leverage, it can support the fulcrum of the block through the eccentric sleeve Also push the drill bit to the low side to realize the effect of descending the slope. Therefore, this tool can quickly reduce the well deviation, so that the well bore can meet the design requirements.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture:

1 Drill Collar Body 11 Through Hole 12 Piston Cavity 13 Track Groove 14 Inner Cavity

15 Support section 2 Piston 21 Limiting slot 3 Bolt 4 Eccentric sleeve

41 Support block 42 Center of gravity side 43 Track groove 5 Steel ball

Detailed ways

As shown in the drawings, one end of the drill collar body 1 is a drill collar body supporting section 15, which is provided with a piston cavity 12, and a through hole 11 is also provided to communicate the piston cavity 12 with the drill collar body cavity 14, and match in the piston cavity 12. A piston 2 is provided. One end of the bolt 3 is in the limiting groove 21 provided on the surface of the piston 2 to prevent the piston 2 from falling out of the piston cavity 12 . The inner wall of the eccentric sleeve 4 is provided with a semicircular orbital groove 43, and the outer wall of the corresponding drill collar body 1 also has a semicircular orbital groove 13. In the annular cavity formed by these two semicircular orbital grooves It is filled with a plurality of steel balls 5 . The outer diameter of the eccentric sleeve support block 41 is greater than the outer diameter of the drill collar body support section 15, and the outer diameters of other parts of the eccentric sleeve are smaller than the outer diameter of the drill collar body support section 15. The center of gravity side 42 of the eccentric sleeve forms a certain angle with the supporting block 41 of the eccentric sleeve.

When drilling, the drill bit is directly connected to the tool below the end of the eccentric sleeve 4 . Since the eccentric sleeve 4 and the drill collar body 1 are connected by steel balls 5, the eccentric sleeve 4 will not rotate together with the drill collar body 1 . When the inclination angle is very small, the eccentric sleeve 4 will rotate slowly under the action of friction torque; somewhere in the borehole. The angle value formed by the center of gravity side 42 of the eccentric sleeve and the supporting block 41 is preferably 90°, so that when the eccentric sleeve 4 just does not turn, the supporting block 41 of the eccentric sleeve is just in time at the high side of the borehole. Since the pressure in the inner cavity 14 of the drill collar is greater than the pressure in the annulus, the drilling fluid pushes the piston 5 out of the piston cavity 12 through the through hole 11 and pushes against the well wall. Since the piston 5 slides in the piston cavity 12 of the drill collar body 1, it rotates together with the drill collar body 1. When the piston 5 is on the high side of the wellbore, on the one hand, it can directly push the drill bit to the low side to realize the effect of descending the inclination; on the other hand, it can push the support block 41 of the eccentric sleeve away from the well wall. The outer diameter of the eccentric sleeve 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill collar body support section 15, so the eccentric sleeve 4 is no longer in contact with the well wall and can rotate freely, which can ensure that the eccentric sleeve support block 41 is always on the high side of the wellbore; when the piston 5 is in the When the low side of the wellbore is reached, it will raise the drill string here. Since the outer diameter of the eccentric sleeve support block 41 is greater than the outer diameter of the drill collar body support section 15, the eccentric sleeve support block 41 will be pushed against the wellbore The well wall on the high side acts as a fulcrum. According to the principle of leverage, the drill bit is still pushed to the low side of the wellbore, resulting in a declination effect.

In this way, no matter whether the piston 5 is on the high side or the low side of the wellbore, it can generate a large force for descending the inclination, and the well deviation will be quickly lowered.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be The scheme shall be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. An automatic anti-deviation drilling device, comprising a drill collar body, characterized in that: one end of the drill collar body is a drill collar body support section, a piston cavity is provided, and a through hole is provided to connect the piston cavity and the drill collar body cavity Connected, a piston is matched in the piston cavity, and an eccentric sleeve is provided on the axial fixed sleeve at the other end of the drill collar body. The inner wall of the eccentric sleeve is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the outer wall of the drill collar is also provided with a corresponding Semi-annular groove, the annular cavity formed by these two semi-annular grooves is filled with multiple steel balls, the outer diameter of the eccentric sleeve support block is larger than the outer diameter of the drill collar body support section, the eccentric sleeve The outer diameter of other parts of the barrel is smaller than the outer diameter of the supporting section of the drill collar body, and the side of the center of gravity of the eccentric sleeve forms a certain angle with the supporting block. 2. The automatic anti-deviation drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a limiting groove is provided on the surface of the piston, a bolt is provided in the body of the drill collar, and the end of the bolt sinks into the limiting groove.

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