CN101024864A - Method for recovering gold and copper from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material - Google Patents
Method for recovering gold and copper from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is a method for recovering Au and Cu from Au-plated PCB waste, adopting oxydol and vitriol as reacting reagent to recover Au and Cu from the Au-plated PCB waste. And it researches the effect of concentration and utilization of vitriol, oxydol utilization, reacting conditions, and reacting time on the results. And the experimental result indicates that both overhigh and overlow acidity are detrimental to the Au and Cu recovery. Considering from the cost and time aspects, it advances the optimum concentration and utilization of vitriol. And the Au peeling ratio can be 99% and the Cu recovery rate can be 99%; after purified, the obtained Au has purity up to 99%, and the obtained bluestone can crystallize to obtain bluestone products. And the used reagent is nontoxic, cheap and easy to obtain; no harmful matters are generated in the experiment course; and the invention has better economic and social benefits and wide development future.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material, reclaims gold and copper.
Background technology
Comprehensive utilization is to realize one of most important means of reclamation of solid wastes, minimizing.The Chinese government always payes attention to the solid waste comprehensive utilization, has data to show, the present percentage of industrial solid waste that is comprehensively utilized of China reaches 78.67%.But, the state of the art from comprehensive utilization, mostly rest on and act as a fuel, build the road, on the lower level such as backfill, production building materials, lack the product of added value, deep processing, and various lots of comprehensive utilization of waste materials problem obtain basic solution.
In recent years, the producer of mass production electronic component has appearred in flourish along with electron trade.When producing electronic component,, often to plate one deck gold in order to improve its surperficial resistance of oxidation, resistance to corrosion and conductive capability.Part in these electronic components becomes waste product because produce defective, and some is the scrap stock that are cut in process of production, thereby has produced a large amount of gold-plated printed circuit board waste materials.What metal content was the highest in these waste materials is copper, and the most expensive metal is a gold.If do not recycled, will cause great waste to limited precious resource, also can cause bad influence to environment.Therefore, fully recycle these precious resources and will produce long-range economic benefit and social benefit.
For the comprehensive utilization that contains precious resource in gold, the copper junk, some scholars also did different research.The at present the most frequently used technology that reclaims precious metal from useless circuit card and scrap stock thereof is nitric acid-chloroazotic acid technology.Its method is earlier with will give up copper dissolution on the circuit card of rare nitric acid, after the filtration, reclaims copper with chemical process.Useless circuit card continues to soak with chloroazotic acid, is heated to little boiling, and makes precious metal dissolvings such as gold, palladium, platinum, filters, and concentrates, and catches up with nitre, reclaims gold with chemical process again.The main drawback that this method exists is exactly can produce a large amount of deleterious oxynitride in the experimentation, and is very unfavorable to human body.The corrodibility of chloroazotic acid is extremely strong in addition, and the anticorrosive of equipment had relatively high expectations.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method that from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material, reclaims gold and copper, its objective is that will overcome existing technology easily produces the severe corrosive of Toxic and chloroazotic acid to the equipment requirements problem of higher in removal process, a kind of suitability for industrialized production that is suitable for is proposed, and the recovery method with good benefits in environment and economic benefit.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method that reclaims gold and copper from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material is an object with waste and old gold-plated printed circuit board (PCB), comprises following steps successively:
(1), leaching is peeled off
Waste and old circuit board is placed on uses the leaching liquid immersion treatment in the container, the leaching liquid dissolved copper makes golden skin peel off from circuit card, 1~5 hour reaction times; Described leaching liquid is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and wherein, vitriolic concentration is 2.5~4.5mol/L, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 27%~35%, and the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 10: 0.7~1.3;
(2), golden copper separates
Take out the circuit card after leaching is peeled off, filtering solution also washes with water, and golden skin filtrate merges and is used for reclaiming gold, and filtrate being used to reclaimed copper;
(3), reclaim gold
Reclaiming gold selects the thick gold of following recovery and reclaims one of two kinds of technologies of proof gold:
1., reclaim thick gold
A, acid are boiled and are filtered
Described golden degree filtrate is placed container, with rare nitric acid heated and boiled dissolved copper, filter and remove copper impurity, golden skin is washed with water to neutrality;
B, casting gold
Golden skin after the washing is placed porcelain crucible, and cover one deck anhydrous sodium carbonate and borax in the above, calcination in 1100 ℃~1200 ℃ High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus promptly gets content at the gold bullion more than 95% after the cooling;
2., reclaim proof gold
The dissolving of a, gold
In described golden skin filtrate, add chloroazotic acid and be heated to little boiling, gold, copper in the golden skin filtrate are fully dissolved; Filter and wash with water, throw out discards, and gold-containing solution keeps stand-by; Gold is as follows with the chloroazotic acid reaction equation: Au+4HCl+HNO
3=HAuCl
4+ NO+2H
2O
B, catch up with nitre
Progressively drip concentrated hydrochloric acid in the gold-containing solution behind aqua regia dissolution, heating simultaneously stops heating and drips concentrated hydrochloric acid when no brown gas produces; Reaction equation: 4HNO
3=4NO
2+ O
2+ 2H
2O
C, filtration washing
Treat the solution cooling after catching up with nitre, filter and wash with water that remove coat of paint, fiber impurity, filtrate is stand-by;
The reduction of d, gold
PH value of filtrate is adjusted into 1, is heated to 70 ℃~80 ℃, under agitation add purity and be 99.8% thin metallic zinc granule, become colourlessly to solution, carry out reduction reaction and generate a large amount of bronzes precipitations are arranged, filter and wash with water, obtain the bronze throw out; The reduction reaction equation of gold is as follows:
2HAuCl
4+4Zn=4ZnCl
2+2Au+H
2↑
E, impurity elimination
The bronze throw out is boiled with rare hydrochloric acid, filter and be washed with water to neutrality, remove unnecessary zinc; Again the bronze throw out is boiled with rare nitric acid, filter and be washed with water to neutrality then, remove unnecessary copper, obtain the proof gold powder;
F, oven dry
Place drying baker to dry in the proof gold powder, get the granular bronze of orange sponge;
(4), reclaim copper
1., filter
Filtrate after the described golden copper separating step is further filtered, remove plastic optical fibre impurity;
2., concentrate
Solution heating after filtering is concentrated;
3., crystallization
With the solution left standstill after concentrating, the cupric sulphate crystal in the solution is CuSO
45H
2The O crystal;
4., filter
To contain CuSO
45H
2O crystalline solution filters, and washes that to obtain purity be 99% CuSO with water
45H
2The O crystal.
Related content in the technique scheme is explained as follows:
1, in the such scheme, in order to reduce follow-up purification, industrially before the leaching strip step, waste and old circuit board is washed with water, remove earth impurity, and carry out pre-treatment by the thickness classification of circuit card.
2, in the such scheme, in order to obtain gold bullion, after reclaiming the proof gold step and finishing, then ingot casting, the bronze that is about to oven dry is put into crucible, and at its surface coverage anhydrous sodium carbonate in 1100 ℃~1200 ℃ calcinations, obtain content at the mint fine bars more than 99.5%.
3, in the such scheme, when copper content is high, reclaim in the copper solutions and have portion C uSO
45H
2The O crystal is separated out earlier, and this moment, xln purity was not high owing to impurity effect, in order to overcome this problem, can be dissolved in water earlier and reclaim the CuSO that separates out earlier in the copper solutions before reclaim the copper step
45H
2Recovery process for copper in the O crystal, employing scheme then.
4, in the such scheme, in order to obtain exsiccant CuSO
45H
2The O crystal obtains CuSO at recovery copper
45H
2Behind the O crystal, adopt seasoning or 60~80 ℃ of cryodryings to handle.
5, in the such scheme,, can behind golden copper separating step,, the comminuting matter input be reclaimed in the copper filtrate leach again, copper is dissolved in the solution fully the thick circuit card mechanical disintegration of taking out because more copper is difficult for being leached in the thick circuit card.
6, the relevant experimental study of such scheme
(1), experimental raw
Used useless circuit board copper content is 10%~70%, and gold content is 10mg/kg~1050mg/kg.Agents useful for same is analytical pure.
(2), experimental technique
Earlier useless circuit card is cut into small pieces and places the 250ml beaker, add a certain amount of dilute sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, add a cover and place for some time, the gold beginning slowly comes off, and part copper also begins dissolving.We have investigated the sulfuric acid of different concns and hydrogen peroxide consumption to shelling the influence of golden rate.
1., sulfuric acid concentration is to shelling the influence of golden rate
The identical useless Au-plated board of getting 4 quality and being about 20g places four 250ml beakers respectively, adds the sulphuric acid soln of 50ml different concns respectively, adds 5ml concentration again and be 30% hydrogen peroxide, add a cover leave standstill 4 hours after, it shells golden rate as shown in Figure 1:
No. 1: 3.0mol/L H
2SO
4+ 30%H
2O
250% golden skin comes off behind the 40min, and 85% golden skin comes off behind the 4h;
No. 2: 3.6mol/L H
2SO
4+ 30%H
2O
2Jin Pijiben comes off behind the 1h, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 4h;
No. 3: 4.5mol/L H
2SO
4+ 30%H
2O
2Jin Pijiben comes off behind the 50min, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 3h;
No. 4: 6.0mol/L H
2SO
4+ 30%H
2O
2Jin Pijiben comes off behind the 40min, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 2h;
This shows that along with the increase of acidity, the rate of peeling off of gold also improves gradually.When sulfuric acid concentration reached 3.6mol/L, the rate of peeling off of box just can reach 99%, was beneficial to carrying out fast of reaction though increase acidity again, but did not calculate; In addition, acidity is excessive unfavorable to the copper-bath crystallization.Therefore consider the H of 2.5~4.5mol/L from cost and economic benefit aspect
2SO
4Can satisfy the requirement that industry is promoted preferably, wherein the H of 3.6mol/L
2SO
4Well satisfy the requirement that industry is promoted.
2., the hydrogen peroxide consumption is to the influence in reaction times
The identical useless Au-plated board of getting 4 quality and being about 20g places four 250ml beakers respectively, adds the sulphuric acid soln that 50ml concentration is 3.60mol/L respectively, adds 30% hydrogen peroxide of different amounts again, adds a cover and leaves standstill for some time.When the golden rate of stripping reached 99%, required time was as shown in Figure 2 after the reaction:
No. 1: 3.6mol/L H
2SO
4+ 2.0mlH
2O
2Have only a small amount of golden skin to come off behind the 1h, 50% golden skin comes off behind the 4h, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 8h;
No. 2: 3.6mol/L H
2SO
4+ 4.0mlH
2O
2Golden skin begins to come off behind the 1h, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 5h;
No. 3: 3.6mol/L H
2SO
4+ 6.0mlH
2O
2Golden skin begins to come off behind the 40min, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 3h;
No. 4: 3.6mol/L H
2SO
4+ 8.0mlH
2O
2Golden skin begins to come off behind the 30min, and 99% golden skin comes off behind the 2h.
Obviously, under the certain condition of acidity, the hydrogen peroxide consumption is big more, and is favourable more to reaction, and the rate of peeling off of gold is also fast more.But the hydrogen peroxide consumption is excessive, causes waste to a certain extent, also produces a large amount of pungent smells simultaneously, and is unfavorable to the operator.
In sum, for a certain amount of Au-plated board, can adopt 2.5~4.5mol/L H
2SO
4Solution (the best is 3.6mol/L), the concentration of hydrogen peroxide can adopt 27%~35% (the best is 30%), and the consumption of hydrogen peroxide is about 10% of a sulfuric acid consumption, and the volume ratio that is specially sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 10: 0.7~1.3 (the best is 10: 1).This method is used in when industrial, circuit card tentatively can be washed earlier, remove magazines such as earth, reduce subsequent purification step with this, put it into then in the big plastic tank and soak, and often stir, make the abundant and solution reaction of circuit card each several part, best cover lid is in case the smoked people of hydrogen peroxide smell.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
1, the present invention adopts the sulfuric acid of specific concentrations and ratio and hydrogen peroxide leaching liquid to come golden skin on the stripper circuit plate by immersion way, the while dissolved copper, this technology is suitable for suitability for industrialized production, and effective, has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and significant technical progress with respect to prior art.
2, the process application of hydrometallurgic recovery gold of the present invention and copper is in actual production, has less investment, instant effect, income is big, and is simple to operate, the product recovery rate height, advantages such as quality is good, not only have good benefits in environment and social benefit, and have remarkable economic efficiency, its popularizing application prospect is wide.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 influences figure for sulfuric acid concentration of the present invention to shelling golden rate;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schemed the reaction times influence for hydrogen peroxide consumption of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is reaction tank synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
In the above accompanying drawing, 1, extraction hood; 2, reaction tank; 3, parting bead; 4, stirrer; 5, water tap.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment: a kind of method that reclaims gold and copper from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material is an object with waste and old gold-plated printed circuit board (PCB), comprises following steps successively:
(1), waste and old circuit board pre-treatment
In order to reduce follow-up purification, industrially before the leaching strip step, waste and old circuit board is washed with water, remove earth impurity, and handle by the thickness classification of circuit card.Specifically can be divided into three classes, the first kind is not only thin but also soft waste and old circuit board, and second class is the few waste and old thick circuit card of cupric, and the 3rd class is the high waste and old thick circuit card of cupric.
(2), leaching is peeled off
The waste and old circuit board that a collection of thickness is close is put in the reaction tank 2 (seeing shown in Figure 3) and is used leaching liquid immersion treatment, leaching liquid dissolved copper that golden skin is peeled off from circuit card.4 hours reaction times covered extraction hood 1 and ventilation during reaction, the hydrogen peroxide smell that produces in the reaction is discharged.Waste and old circuit board inserts in the parting bead 3 fixing, and its each surface is fully contacted with leaching liquid, makes to react completely.Leaching liquid in the reaction tank 2 is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and wherein, vitriolic concentration is 3.6mol/L, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30%, and the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 10: 1.Stir 5min every half an hour with stirrer 4 between the reaction period.
(3), the separation of Jin Hetong
React after 4 hours, most of light golden skin swim in leaching liquid above, emit supernatant liquid by the water tap 5 on top and collect, some heavier golden skin is sunken at the bottom of the pond.Gently leaching liquid is poured out the golden skin at the bottom of the taking-up pond after taking out circuit card.The merging of gold skin washes with water, is used for reclaiming gold.Filtrate is used to reclaim copper after filtering.
(4), reclaim gold
Reclaiming gold selects the thick gold of following recovery and reclaims one of two kinds of technologies of proof gold:
1., reclaim thick gold
A, acid are boiled and are filtered
Described golden skin filtrate is placed container, with rare nitric acid (concentrated nitric acid: heated and boiled 15min dissolved copper water=1: 1), leave standstill the liquid of falling the disacidify, remove copper impurity, golden skin is washed with water to neutrality, oven dry.
B, casting gold
Golden skin after the washing is placed porcelain crucible, and cover one deck anhydrous sodium carbonate and a small amount of borax in the above, calcination 15min in 1100 ℃~1200 ℃ High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus promptly gets content at the gold bullion more than 95% after the cooling.Because it is the O-fiber on some useless plates is arranged in the golden skin of collecting, thereby very big to the purity influence of gold.
2., reclaim proof gold
The dissolving of a, gold
In described golden skin filtrate, add chloroazotic acid (preparation in 1: 3 by volume of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid) and be heated to little boiling, gold, copper in the golden skin filtrate are fully dissolved.Filter and wash with water, throw out discards, and gold-containing solution keeps stand-by.
B, catch up with nitre
Progressively drip concentrated hydrochloric acid in the gold-containing solution behind aqua regia dissolution, heating simultaneously stops heating and drips concentrated hydrochloric acid when no brown gas produces, drive nitric acid away.
C, filtration, washing
Treat that solution cools off a little after catching up with nitre, add an amount of water dilution, filtration washing is removed coat of paint, fiber impurity, and filtrate is used the off-gas pump suction filtration, and washes with water.
The reduction of d, gold
Filtrate pH value behind the suction filtration is adjusted into 1, is heated to 70 ℃~80 ℃, adding purity is 99.8% thin metallic zinc granule under constantly stirring, become colourlessly to solution, carry out reduction reaction and generate a large amount of bronzes precipitations are arranged, leave standstill, pour out supernatant liquor, precipitation washes with water and obtains the bronze throw out.Remaining pH in whole process is 1.
E, impurity elimination
The bronze throw out was boiled 20 minutes with 20% dilute hydrochloric acid, filter and be washed with distilled water to neutrality, remove unnecessary zinc.Again with the bronze throw out with rare nitric acid (concentrated nitric acid: water=1: 1) boil 20 minutes, filter and be washed with distilled water to neutrality then, remove unnecessary copper, obtain the proof gold powder.
F, oven dry
Place drying baker to dry in the proof gold powder, get the granular bronze of orange sponge.
G, ingot casting
The box powder of oven dry is put into crucible, and at its surface coverage anhydrous sodium carbonate in 1100 ℃~1200 ℃ calcinations, take out crucible after 15 minutes, with hawkbill shake crucible also " pier " several down after, the cold crucible that smashes is put in taking-up, obtains content at the mint fine bars more than 99.5%.
(5), reclaim copper and (promptly make CuSO
45H
2O, copper sulfate crystal)
Because the waste and old circuit board became uneven, copper content height difference and cupric level do not wait, and therefore can adopt different methods.For the thin but also soft few waste and old circuit board of cupric not only, promptly plate the circuit card of layer of copper and one deck gold on very thin plastic skin, by leaching, Jin Yutong all comes off, and recycling step is as follows:
1., the filtration of bleeding
With filtrations of further bleeding of the filtrate after the described golden copper separating step, removal plastic optical fibre impurity.
2., concentrate
The heating of solution after filtering is concentrated into volume to be reduced half and gets final product.
3., crystallization
Solution left standstill after concentrating is spent the night, and the cupric sulphate crystal in the solution is 97% CuSO
45H
2The O crystal.
4., the filtration of bleeding
To contain CuSO
45H
2The filtration of bleeding of O crystalline solution, and wash with water.
5., drying
Filter good CuSO with bleeding
45H
2The seasoning of O crystal by adopting or 60 ℃~80 ℃ cryodryings are handled, and obtain purity at last and be 99% CuSO
45H
2The O crystal.
For the few waste and old thick circuit card of cupric, it is the same to reclaim the copper step.But for the high waste and old thick circuit card of cupric, because copper content height is understood some CuSO when soaking
45H
2O separates out earlier, because the influence of impurity, thereby this crystallization purity is not high.Can before reclaim the copper step, be dissolved in water earlier and reclaim the CuSO that separates out earlier in the copper solutions
45H
2The O crystal, and then adopt above-mentioned recovery process for copper.In addition, because more copper is difficult for being leached in the thick circuit card, can be behind golden copper separating step, with the thick circuit card mechanical disintegration of taking out, again the comminuting matter input is reclaimed in the copper filtrate and leach, copper is dissolved in the solution fully, and then adopts above-mentioned recovery process for copper.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the personage who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method that from gold-plated printed circuit board waste material, reclaims gold and copper, it is characterized in that: with waste and old gold-plated printed circuit board (PCB) is object, comprises following steps successively:
(1), leaching is peeled off
Waste and old circuit board is placed on uses the leaching liquid immersion treatment in the container, the leaching liquid dissolved copper makes golden skin peel off from circuit card, 1~5 hour reaction times; Described leaching liquid is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and wherein, vitriolic concentration is 2.5~4.5mol/L, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 27%~35%, and the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 10: 0.7~1.3;
(2), golden copper separates
Take out the circuit card after leaching is peeled off, filtering solution also washes with water, and golden skin filtrate merges and is used for reclaiming gold, and filtrate being used to reclaimed copper;
(3), reclaim gold
Reclaiming gold selects the thick gold of following recovery and reclaims one of two kinds of technologies of proof gold:
1., reclaim thick gold
A, acid are boiled and are filtered
Described golden skin filtrate is placed container, with rare nitric acid heated and boiled dissolved copper, filter and remove copper impurity, golden skin is washed with water to neutrality;
B, casting gold
Golden skin after the washing is placed porcelain crucible, and cover one deck anhydrous sodium carbonate and borax in the above, calcination in 1100 ℃~1200 ℃ High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus promptly gets content at the gold bullion more than 95% after the cooling;
2., reclaim proof gold
The dissolving of a, gold
In described golden skin filtrate, add chloroazotic acid and be heated to little boiling, gold, copper in the golden skin filtrate are fully dissolved; Filter and wash with water, throw out discards, and gold-containing solution keeps stand-by;
B, catch up with nitre
Progressively drip concentrated hydrochloric acid in the gold-containing solution behind aqua regia dissolution, heating simultaneously stops heating and drips concentrated hydrochloric acid when no brown gas produces;
C, filtration washing
Treat the solution cooling after catching up with nitre, filter and wash with water that remove coat of paint, fiber impurity, filtrate is stand-by;
The reduction of d, gold
PH value of filtrate is adjusted into 1, is heated to 70 ℃~80 ℃, under agitation add purity and be 99.8% thin metallic zinc granule, become colourlessly to solution, carry out reduction reaction and generate a large amount of bronzes precipitations are arranged, filter and wash with water, obtain the bronze throw out;
E, impurity elimination
The bronze throw out is boiled with rare hydrochloric acid, filter and be washed with water to neutrality, remove unnecessary zinc; Again the bronze throw out is boiled with rare nitric acid, filter and be washed with water to neutrality then, remove unnecessary copper, obtain the proof gold powder;
F, oven dry
Place drying baker to dry in the proof gold powder, get the granular bronze of orange sponge;
(4), reclaim copper
1., filter
Filtrate after the described golden copper separating step is further filtered, remove plastic optical fibre impurity;
2., concentrate
Solution heating after filtering is concentrated;
3., crystallization
With the solution left standstill after concentrating, the cupric sulphate crystal in the solution is CuSO
45H
2The O crystal;
4., filter
To contain CuSO
45H
2O crystalline solution filters, and washes that to obtain purity be 99% CuSO with water
45H
2The O crystal.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before the leaching strip step waste and old circuit board is washed with water, remove earth impurity, and carry out pre-treatment by the thickness classification of circuit card.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after reclaiming the end of proof gold step, follow ingot casting, the bronze that is about to oven dry is put into crucible, and at its surface coverage anhydrous sodium carbonate in 1100 ℃~1200 ℃ calcinations, obtain content at the mint fine bars more than 99.5%.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before reclaiming the copper step, be dissolved in water earlier and reclaim the CuSO that separates out earlier in the copper solutions
45H
2The O crystal.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in reclaiming the copper step, obtain CuSO
45H
2Behind the O crystal, seasoning or 60~80 ℃ of cryodryings.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: behind golden copper separating step, with the thick circuit card mechanical disintegration of taking out, the comminuting matter input is reclaimed in the copper filtrate leach again, copper is dissolved in the solution fully.
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