CN101021161B - Method for backfilling goaf and supporting roof - Google Patents
Method for backfilling goaf and supporting roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101021161B CN101021161B CN2007100880105A CN200710088010A CN101021161B CN 101021161 B CN101021161 B CN 101021161B CN 2007100880105 A CN2007100880105 A CN 2007100880105A CN 200710088010 A CN200710088010 A CN 200710088010A CN 101021161 B CN101021161 B CN 101021161B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for backfilling goat and supporting roof. said method includes the following steps: (1), preparatory stage; (2), pouring mixed slurry into tunnel; (3), repeatedly applying pressure to the mixed slurry in the tunnel interior and making vibration; and (4) filling up gap with expansion material slurry, pressurizing by means of self-weight and solidifying, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof.
Background technology:
The coal mining support pattern that generally adopt in present colliery has three kinds, and a kind of is to reserve the coal column supporting roof; Another kind is the rigid support supporting roof, and wherein the rigid support method comprises device, method supportings such as wooden stick, spiral pillar, hydraulic prop, hydraulic support again, and this supporting method finally still needs caving; Also having a kind of is to adopt the backfill of spoil earth to pile up, and this method lacks enough supporting intensities, can only reduce the top board degree of depth of subsiding, but can not avoid top board to subside.Utilize above several method supporting roof mode to mine, must cause the rate of extraction low, serious waste of resources; Surface collapse destroys the soil; Water resource is wasted in a large number; The residue spontaneous combustionof coal; Contaminated environment; A series of problems such as poor stability.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rate of extraction height; Protection land resources; The protection groundwater resources; Prevent to remain spontaneous combustionof coal; Twice laid, the protection environment; Safe a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof.
Purpose of the present invention is implemented by following technical scheme: a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof, it includes following steps successively: (1): preparatory stage: (a), from ground well-digging to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline; (b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film, (c), at the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of tunnel inner top cloth, (d), concrete vibration bar is placed the bosom, tunnel; Disposable pressure meter, thermometer, content gauge are installed respectively, and are connected with the Ground Control chamber by lead respectively in tunnel lowest part, middle part, high-order bit; (e) section in the shutoff tunnel and gap hole; (2), mixed slurry is poured into the tunnel; (3), give the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of mixed slurry in the tunnel; (4), fill up the gap, and by the deadweight compression solidification with the dilatant slurry.
Wherein step (1) (a) is dug a well from ground to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline: at first make a call to the well of a 8-40 centimetre from ground to the back filled region center top, and in well, insert the pipeline that length is 1-30 rice, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline.
Wherein step (1) is (b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film: with hanger suspending diameter 2-20 centimetre pressure fluid conveyance conduit, stick with glue from arc top, tunnel then or iron nail nail barrier film at the top, tunnel.
Wherein step (1) is (c) at the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of tunnel inner top cloth: hang the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of diameter 10-40 centimetre at the top, tunnel with sliding suspender;
Described step (2) pours into the tunnel with mixed slurry: grouting is with fly ash in electric power plant, water and spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour, slag any or different materials are mixed into mobile mixed slurry, its granularity is the aggregate that is ground into below 10 centimeters, by described flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit described mixed slurry is sent into the tunnel, goaf with concrete pump or pulsometer, begin to irritate described mixed slurry from the bosom, tunnel, filling is to the tunnel overall height, slowly withdraw from flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit, slowly pull out vibrating head, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel, extract the mixed slurry conveyance conduit out, the hole that fluid may be revealed when shutoff was pressurizeed once more.
Described step (3) is given the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of the mixed slurry in the tunnel: described fluid is sent between the mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate in the tunnel by the described pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the forcing pipe of conducting oneself with dignity with water pump or air compressor machine, pressure is in the 0.2-15 kg/cm, be 1 second-30 minutes pressing time, pressure release then, concussion repeatedly repeatedly, discharge the air in the mixed slurry, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
After described step (3), also has described step: mixed slurry is absorbed water, mixed slurry is solidified: absorb when mixed slurry deep water solidifies by flyash, superficial water is sent into the heated dry air evaporation with air compressor machine or boiler by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe and is taken away, wait for infiltration, suction, dry, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, to making described mixed slurry fully dry, lose flowability, guarantee that described mixed slurry has enough compressive strength under the coal petrography constraint.
Described step (4) is filled up the gap with expansion fluid, and by the deadweight compression solidification: with slush pump by the pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the deadweight forcing pipe between mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate, send into expansion fluid, force pressurization 0.5-50 kg/cm earlier, be 1 minute-30 minutes pressing time, deadweight adds static pressure by expansion fluid by deadweight forcing pipe liquid level then, continue to mend slurry when liquid level descends, keep liquid level constant, until solidifying.The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, to adjust the pressurize pressure of expansion fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
It also includes this method the step expansion fluid at last and solidifies, in order to supporting roof: wait for seep water, absorb water, expand, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, guarantee that mixed slurry and expansion fluid solidify, lose flowability, holder power to coal petrography makes progress has enough compressive strength, the supporting coal rock roof plate under the coal petrography constraint.Exploit adjacent coal seam then or reserve coal column.
Described expansion fluid is any or several thickness pasty masses that is mixed into of water, cement, fly ash in electric power plant, stone flour, sand and expansive cement, expansion mud powder, chemically expansible material.
Described pressure fluid is an air, steam, water, cement paste, any of air and dry powder coal ash mixture.
Described barrier film be plastic foil, PVC cloth, chemical fiber cloth etc. any.Effect is that a backfill mixed slurry and top board coal petrography keep apart, for pressure fluid, expansion fluid are reserved certain interval, so that fluid fully enters.
The invention has the advantages that: rate of extraction height, protect non-renewable coal resources; Protection land resources; The protection groundwater resources; Prevent to remain spontaneous combustionof coal; Twice laid, the protection environment; Safe.
(1), rate of extraction height: do not reserve coal column, 0.8-3.5 rice coal seam can reach 100% in theory, and is actual more than 80%, effectively protects non-renewable coal resources (at present domestic and international room and pillar mining technology 25-40%; Mechanization mining technology 60-80%).
(2), protection land resources: not caving of down-hole, the ground surface structures that do not subside need not be moved on a large scale, protection land resources.
(3), the protection groundwater resources: not caving of down-hole, ground does not subside, and does not destroy the coal rock roof plate prototype structure, coal seam top aquifer water is not let out under can not oozing down, need not be hydrophobic on a large scale, effectively protect groundwater resources.
(4), prevent to remain spontaneous combustionof coal: after the backfill of goaf, residue coal can not contact with oxygen, prevents to remain spontaneous combustionof coal.
(5), safe: do not need the staff to go into the well in the backfill construction substantially, nobody then pacifies; Gas overflows the position and reduces 25%; Top-side has stealthy bolt support, the shunting roof pressure, and the protection staff mines.
(6), small investment, instant effect: ten thousand yuan of the about 200-1000 of a cover system prepare just can come into operation in two months.
(7), cost is low: cheap materials such as spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour, water, near coal-mine gathering materials on the spot filled up the tunnel, goaf; Flyash, the slag that utilizes the power plant to discard absorbs moisture and gains in strength; Utilize power plant's coaler, return roping flyash, slag reduction cost of transportation; Twice laid, the protection environment uses manually few.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a tunnel of the present invention front section view.
Fig. 2 is a tunnel of the present invention side sectional view.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof, it includes following steps successively: (1): preparatory stage: (a), from ground well-digging to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline: at first make a call to one 8 centimeters well from ground to the back filled region center top, and to insert a length in well be 1 meter pipeline, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline.
(b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film: with 2 centimeters pressure fluid conveyance conduits of hanger suspending diameter, stick with glue from arc top, tunnel then or iron nail nail barrier film at the top, tunnel.Barrier film be plastic foil, PVC cloth, chemical fiber cloth etc. any.Backfill mixed slurry and coal rock roof plate are kept apart, for pressure fluid is reserved certain interval, as 100 millimeters, so that fluid fully enters.
(c), at the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of tunnel inner top cloth: hang 10 centimeters flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduits of diameter with sliding suspender at the top, tunnel.
(d), concrete vibration bar is placed the bosom, tunnel; Disposable pressure meter, thermometer, content gauge are installed respectively, and are connected with the Ground Control chamber by lead respectively in tunnel lowest part, middle part, high-order bit;
(e) section in the shutoff tunnel and gap hole;
(2), mixed slurry is poured into the tunnel: grouting is with fly ash in electric power plant, water and spoil, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil and mud, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud and soil, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil and sand, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand and stone, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone and stone flour, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour and slag, be mixed into mobile mixed slurry, the granularity of mixed slurry is the aggregate that is ground into below 10 centimeters, by flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit above-mentioned any mixed slurry is sent into the tunnel, back filled region with concrete pump or pulsometer, begin to irritate above-mentioned any mixed slurry from the bosom, tunnel, filling is to the tunnel overall height, slowly withdraw from flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit, slowly pull out vibrating head, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel, extract the mixed slurry conveyance conduit out, once more the hole that may reveal of shutoff fluid.Above-mentioned backfill material mixed slurry stream fills up the tunnel, back filled region for cheap material; Water is the increase flowability, solidifies flyash etc.; Flyash mainly is to absorb moisture and increase mixed slurry compressive strength.
(3), give the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of mixed slurry in the tunnel: by the pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the forcing pipe of conducting oneself with dignity fluid is sent between the mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate in the tunnel with water pump or air compressor machine, pressure is 0.2 kg/cm, be 1 second pressing time, pressure release then, concussion repeatedly repeatedly, discharge the air in the mixed slurry, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change etc., with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
(4) mixed slurry is absorbed water, mixed slurry is solidified: absorb when mixed slurry deep water solidifies by flyash, superficial water is sent into the heated dry air evaporation with air compressor machine or boiler by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe and is taken away, wait for infiltration, suction, dry, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, to making mixed slurry fully dry, lose flowability, guarantee that described mixed slurry has enough compressive strength under the coal petrography constraint.
(5), fill up the gap with the dilatant slurry, and by the deadweight compression solidification: between mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate, send into the expansion fluid of thickness paste by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe with slush pump, force pressurization 0.5 kg/cm earlier, be 1 minute pressing time, deadweight adds static pressure by expansion fluid by deadweight forcing pipe liquid level then, continue to mend slurry when liquid level descends, keep liquid level constant, until solidifying.The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
(6) expansion fluid solidifies, in order to supporting roof: wait for seep water, absorb water, expand, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, guarantee that mixed slurry and expansion fluid solidify, lose flowability, holder power to coal petrography makes progress has enough compressive strength, the supporting coal rock roof plate under the coal petrography constraint.Exploit adjacent coal seam then or reserve coal column.
Wherein expansion fluid is that any of water, cement, fly ash in electric power plant, stone flour, sand and expansive cement, expansion mud powder, chemically expansible material is mixed into the thickness pasty masses.When solidifying, produce huge expansion force, the gap between top board and the backfill mixed slurry is filled up tamped, fully combination; even load; give huge upward pressure of top board simultaneously, replace coal column carrying roof pressure in advance, protect adjacent coal seam, coal column safe working.
Pressure fluid is an air.Utilize the fluid conducting pressure and the characteristic of filling up the space, fill up the coal petrography space simultaneously for the pressurization of backfill material, concussion is repeatedly discharged the air in the mixed slurry repeatedly, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; Allow coal, rock, fully combination of soil, evenly load.
The employed equipment of this method is excavator, loader, screening machine, mill, proportioning machine, belt conveyor, mixer, concrete pump, conveyance conduit, concrete vibration bar, air compressor machine, slush pump, water pump, trepan, steam heating boiler, hoist engine, electric coal drill, air drill, electromagnetic valve, valve, pressure vessel etc.; Pressure gauge, thermometer, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus etc.
Material aspect-mixed slurry is near coal-mine nugatory substantially materials such as spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour, water, gathers materials on the spot; Cheap materials such as the flyash that the power plant is discarded, slag, spoil, stone will be ground into aggregate below 10 centimeters.
Embodiment 2: a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof, it includes following steps successively: (1): preparatory stage: (a), from ground well-digging to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline: at first make a call to one 40 centimeters well from ground to the back filled region center top, and to insert a length in well be 30 meters pipeline, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline.
(b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film: with 20 centimeters pressure fluid conveyance conduits of hanger suspending diameter, stick with glue from arc top, tunnel then or iron nail nail barrier film at the top, tunnel.Barrier film be plastic foil, PVC cloth, chemical fiber cloth etc. any.Backfill mixed slurry and coal rock roof plate are kept apart, for pressure fluid is reserved certain interval, as 200 millimeters, so that fluid fully enters.
(c), at the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of tunnel inner top cloth: hang 40 centimeters flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduits of diameter with sliding suspender at the top, tunnel.
(d), concrete vibration bar is placed the bosom, tunnel; Disposable pressure meter, thermometer, content gauge are installed respectively, and are connected with the Ground Control chamber by lead respectively in tunnel lowest part, middle part, high-order bit;
(e) section in the shutoff tunnel and gap hole;
(2), mixed slurry is poured into the tunnel: grouting is with fly ash in electric power plant, water and spoil, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil and mud, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud and soil, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil and sand, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand and stone, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone and stone flour, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour and slag, be mixed into mobile mixed slurry, the granularity of mixed slurry is the aggregate that is ground into below 10 centimeters, by flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit above-mentioned any mixed slurry is sent into the tunnel, back filled region with concrete pump or pulsometer, begin to irritate above-mentioned any mixed slurry from the bosom, tunnel, filling is to the tunnel overall height, slowly withdraw from flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit, slowly pull out vibrating head, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel, extract the mixed slurry conveyance conduit out, once more the hole that may reveal of shutoff fluid.Above-mentioned backfill material mixed slurry stream fills up the tunnel, back filled region for cheap material; Water is the increase flowability, solidifies flyash etc.; Flyash mainly is to absorb moisture and increase mixed slurry compressive strength.
(3), give the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of mixed slurry in the tunnel: by the pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the forcing pipe of conducting oneself with dignity fluid is sent between the mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate in the tunnel with air compressor machine, pressure is 15 kg/cm, be 30 minutes pressing time, pressure release then, concussion repeatedly repeatedly, discharge the air in the mixed slurry, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change etc., with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
(4) mixed slurry is absorbed water, mixed slurry is solidified: absorb when mixed slurry deep water solidifies by flyash, superficial water is sent into the heated dry air evaporation with air compressor machine or boiler by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe and is taken away, wait for infiltration, suction, dry, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, to making mixed slurry fully dry, lose flowability, guarantee that described mixed slurry has enough compressive strength under the coal petrography constraint.
(5), fill up the gap with the dilatant slurry, and by the deadweight compression solidification: between mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate, send into the expansion fluid of thickness paste by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe with slush pump, force pressurization 50 kg/cm earlier, be 30 minutes pressing time, deadweight adds static pressure by expansion fluid by deadweight forcing pipe liquid level then, continue to mend slurry when liquid level descends, keep liquid level constant, until solidifying.The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
(6) expansion fluid solidifies, in order to supporting roof: wait for seep water, absorb water, expand, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, guarantee that mixed slurry and expansion fluid solidify, lose flowability, holder power to coal petrography makes progress has enough compressive strength, the supporting coal rock roof plate under the coal petrography constraint.Exploit adjacent coal seam then or reserve coal column.
Wherein expansion fluid is that any of water, cement, fly ash in electric power plant, stone flour, sand and expansive cement, expansion mud powder, chemically expansible material is mixed into the thickness pasty masses.When solidifying, produce huge expansion force, the gap between top board and the backfill mixed slurry is filled up tamped, fully combination; even load; give huge upward pressure of top board simultaneously, replace coal column carrying roof pressure in advance, protect adjacent coal seam, coal column safe working.
Pressure fluid is an air.Utilize the fluid conducting pressure and the characteristic of filling up the space, fill up the coal petrography space simultaneously for the pressurization of backfill material, concussion is repeatedly discharged the air in the mixed slurry repeatedly, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; Allow coal, rock, fully combination of soil, evenly load.
The employed equipment of this method is excavator, loader, screening machine, mill, proportioning machine, belt conveyor, mixer, concrete pump, conveyance conduit, concrete vibration bar, air compressor machine, slush pump, water pump, trepan, steam heating boiler, hoist engine, electric coal drill, air drill, electromagnetic valve, valve, pressure vessel etc.; Pressure gauge, thermometer, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus etc.
Material aspect-mixed slurry is near coal-mine nugatory substantially materials such as spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour, water, gathers materials on the spot; Cheap materials such as the flyash that the power plant is discarded, slag, spoil, stone will be ground into aggregate below 10 centimeters.
Embodiment 3: a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof, it includes following steps successively: (1): preparatory stage: (a), from ground well-digging to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline: at first make a call to one 24 centimeters well from ground to the back filled region center top, and to insert a length in well be 15 meters pipeline, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline.
(b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film: with 10 centimeters pressure fluid conveyance conduits of hanger suspending diameter, stick with glue from arc top, tunnel then or iron nail nail barrier film at the top, tunnel.Barrier film be plastic foil, PVC cloth, chemical fiber cloth etc. any.Backfill mixed slurry and coal rock roof plate are kept apart, for pressure fluid is reserved certain interval, as 150 millimeters, so that fluid fully enters.
(c), at the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of tunnel inner top cloth: hang 25 centimeters flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduits of diameter with sliding suspender at the top, tunnel.
(d), concrete vibration bar is placed the bosom, tunnel; Disposable pressure meter, thermometer, content gauge are installed respectively, and are connected with the Ground Control chamber by lead respectively in tunnel lowest part, middle part, high-order bit;
(e) section in the shutoff tunnel and gap hole;
(2), mixed slurry is poured into the tunnel: grouting is with fly ash in electric power plant, water and spoil, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil and mud, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud and soil, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil and sand, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand and stone, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone and stone flour, or fly ash in electric power plant, water, spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour and slag, be mixed into mobile mixed slurry, the granularity of mixed slurry is the aggregate that is ground into below 10 centimeters, by flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit above-mentioned any mixed slurry is sent into the tunnel, back filled region with concrete pump or pulsometer, begin to irritate above-mentioned any mixed slurry from the bosom, tunnel, filling is to the tunnel overall height, slowly withdraw from flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit, slowly pull out vibrating head, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel, extract the mixed slurry conveyance conduit out, once more the hole that may reveal of shutoff fluid.Above-mentioned backfill material mixed slurry stream fills up the tunnel, back filled region for cheap material; Water is the increase flowability, solidifies flyash etc.; Flyash mainly is to absorb moisture and increase mixed slurry compressive strength.
(3), give the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of mixed slurry in the tunnel: by the pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the forcing pipe of conducting oneself with dignity fluid is sent between the mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate in the tunnel with water pump or air compressor machine, pressure is 4 kg/cm, be 2 minutes pressing time, pressure release then, concussion repeatedly repeatedly, discharge the air in the mixed slurry, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change etc., with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
(4) mixed slurry is absorbed water, mixed slurry is solidified: absorb when mixed slurry deep water solidifies by flyash, superficial water is sent into the heated dry air evaporation with air compressor machine or boiler by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe and is taken away, wait for infiltration, suction, dry, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, to making mixed slurry fully dry, lose flowability, guarantee that described mixed slurry has enough compressive strength under the coal petrography constraint.
(5), fill up the gap with the dilatant slurry, and by the deadweight compression solidification: between mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate, send into the expansion fluid of thickness paste by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe with slush pump, force pressurization 5 kg/cm earlier, be 2 minutes pressing time, deadweight adds static pressure by expansion fluid by deadweight forcing pipe liquid level then, continue to mend slurry when liquid level descends, keep liquid level constant, until solidifying.The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
(6) expansion fluid solidifies, in order to supporting roof: wait for seep water, absorb water, expand, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, guarantee that mixed slurry and expansion fluid solidify, lose flowability, holder power to coal petrography makes progress has enough compressive strength, the supporting coal rock roof plate under the coal petrography constraint.Exploit adjacent coal seam then or reserve coal column.
Wherein expansion fluid is that any of water, cement, fly ash in electric power plant, stone flour, sand and expansive cement, expansion mud powder, chemically expansible material is mixed into the thickness pasty masses.When solidifying, produce huge expansion force, the gap between top board and the backfill mixed slurry is filled up tamped, fully combination; even load; give huge upward pressure of top board simultaneously, replace coal column carrying roof pressure in advance, protect adjacent coal seam, coal column safe working.
Pressure fluid is an air.Utilize the fluid conducting pressure and the characteristic of filling up the space, fill up the coal petrography space simultaneously for the pressurization of backfill material, concussion is repeatedly discharged the air in the mixed slurry repeatedly, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; Allow coal, rock, fully combination of soil, evenly load.
The employed equipment of this method is excavator, loader, screening machine, mill, proportioning machine, belt conveyor, mixer, concrete pump, conveyance conduit, concrete vibration bar, air compressor machine, slush pump, water pump, trepan, steam heating boiler, hoist engine, electric coal drill, air drill, electromagnetic valve, valve, pressure vessel etc.; Pressure gauge, thermometer, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus etc.
Material aspect-mixed slurry is near coal-mine nugatory substantially materials such as spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour, water, gathers materials on the spot; Cheap materials such as the flyash that the power plant is discarded, slag, spoil, stone will be ground into aggregate below 10 centimeters.
Operating principle:
1, the discarded flyash in power plant approaches the character of cement, absorb large quantity of moisture when solidifying, when solidifying by flyash, mixed slurry deep water absorbs, superficial water is sent into the heated dry air evaporation with air compressor machine or boiler and is taken away, to making mixed slurry fully dry, moisture content descends, and loses flowability, and could guarantee that mixed slurry has enough compressive strength under the coal petrography constraint.The discarded flyash in power plant is to the invention provides cheap absorbing material and reinforcing material, is the critical material that the present invention is implemented.
2, utilize the characteristic of fluid conducting pressure, pressurization, pressure release, pressurization, pressure release, concussion is repeatedly discharged the air in the mixed slurry repeatedly, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel;
3, utilize the characteristic of fluid conducting pressure, the backfill mixed slurry that can not carry the top board immense pressure originally, pressurize by expansion fluid, constraint at the coal wall presses down concora crush in fact, after solidifying, drying make it ability that possesses carrying top board immense pressure (be 0.4MP=4 kg/cm=40 ton/square metre if exert pressure, be equivalent to the pressure of tap water, heating installation.Suppose that tunnel, goaf wide is 4.5 meters, length is 180 meters, and totally 810 square metres, pressurization back backfill mixed slurry is always stressed to be 40 tons/square metre=32400 tons of 810 square metres of *).
Huge expansion force when 4, utilizing expansion fluid to solidify fills up the certain interval between top board and the backfill mixed slurry and tamps, and fully combination is evenly stressed; Expansion fluid is given the downward pressure of backfill mixed slurry; increase backfill mixed slurry intensity; give top board huge, a uniform upward pressure simultaneously, reserve coal column, rigid support carrying roof pressure, coal seam, coal column safe working by the protection thereby replace the colliery.
5, primary study of the present invention is replaced the method for reserving coal column, rigid support supporting roof, can be applicable to mine also can be applicable to leave over Pillar Recovery.
Claims (13)
1. method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof, it is characterized in that, it includes following steps successively: (1): preparatory stage: (a), from ground well-digging to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline; (b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film, (c), at tunnel inner top cloth flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit, (d) section in the shutoff tunnel and gap hole; (2), mixed slurry is poured into the tunnel; (3), give the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of mixed slurry in the tunnel; (4), fill up the gap, and by the deadweight compression solidification with the dilatant slurry.
2. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, wherein step (1) (a) is dug a well from ground to the tunnel, and at a deadweight of well interpolation forcing pipe, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline: at first make a call to the well of a 8-40 centimetre from ground to the back filled region center top, and in well, insert the pipeline that length is 1-30 rice, pipe section mounted valve on basseting, and gap between the sealing borehole wall and the pipeline.
3. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, wherein step (1) is (b) at tunnel inner top cloth pressure fluid conveyance conduit, then from arc top, tunnel cloth barrier film: with hanger suspending diameter 2-20 centimetre pressure fluid conveyance conduit, stick with glue from arc top, tunnel then or iron nail nail barrier film at the top, tunnel.
4. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein step (1) is (c) at the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of tunnel inner top cloth: hang the flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit of diameter 10-40 centimetre at the top, tunnel with sliding suspender.
5. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein step (1) (c) after also in steps: concrete vibration bar is placed the bosom, tunnel; Disposable pressure meter, thermometer, content gauge are installed respectively, and are connected with the Ground Control chamber by lead respectively in tunnel lowest part, middle part, high-order bit.
6. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (2) pours into the tunnel with mixed slurry: grouting is with fly ash in electric power plant and water and spoil, mud, soil, sand, stone, stone flour, slag any or different materials are mixed into mobile mixed slurry, its granularity is the aggregate that is ground into below 10 centimeters, by described flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit described mixed slurry is sent into the tunnel, goaf with concrete pump or pulsometer, begin to irritate described mixed slurry from the bosom, tunnel, filling is to the tunnel overall height, slowly withdraw from flexible mixed slurry conveyance conduit, slowly pull out vibrating head, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel, extract the mixed slurry conveyance conduit out, the hole that fluid may be revealed when shutoff was pressurizeed once more.
7. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (3) is given the concussion of pressurizeing repeatedly of the mixed slurry in the tunnel: described fluid is sent between the mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate in the tunnel by the described pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the forcing pipe of conducting oneself with dignity with air compressor machine or water pump, pressure is in the 0.2-15 kg/cm, be 1 second-30 minutes pressing time, pressure release then, concussion repeatedly repeatedly, discharge the air in the mixed slurry, with the flat jolt ramming of shaking of the mixed slurry in the tunnel; The display instrument of the thermometer by the Ground Control chamber, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, measuring apparatus simultaneously, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, with the pressure of adjustment pressure fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
8. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, after described step (3), also has described step: mixed slurry is absorbed water, mixed slurry is solidified: absorb when mixed slurry deep water solidifies by flyash, superficial water is sent into the heated dry air evaporation with air compressor machine or boiler by pressure fluid conveyance conduit or deadweight forcing pipe and is taken away, wait for infiltration, suction, dry, solidify, maintenance, whole process needs more than 12 hours, to making described mixed slurry fully dry, lose flowability.
9. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (4) is filled up the gap with the dilatant slurry, and by the deadweight compression solidification: with slush pump by the pressure fluid conveyance conduit or the deadweight forcing pipe between mixed slurry upper isolation film and coal rock roof plate, send into expansion fluid, force pressurization 0.5-50 kg/cm earlier, be 1 minute-30 minutes pressing time, deadweight adds static pressure by expansion fluid by deadweight forcing pipe liquid level then, when descending, liquid level continues to mend slurry, keep liquid level constant, until solidifying, pass through the thermometer of Ground Control chamber simultaneously, pressure gauge, content gauge, displacement meter, sonar equipment, the display instrument of measuring apparatus, thereby accurately grasp temperature, pressure, the sound, liquid level change, to adjust the pressurize pressure of expansion fluid and the time of pressurization, prevent the coal rock roof plate fracture.
10. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also includes step dilatant slurry at last and solidifies, in order to supporting roof: wait for seep water, absorb water, expand, solidify, maintenance, whole process needed more than 12 hours, assurance mixed slurry and dilatant slurry solidify, lose flowability, holder power to coal petrography makes progress has enough compressive strength, the supporting coal rock roof plate under the coal petrography constraint.
11. a kind of method that is used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that described dilatant slurry is any or several thickness pasty masses that is mixed into of any and expansive cement, expansion mud powder, the chemically expansible material of water, cement, fly ash in electric power plant, stone flour, sand.
12., it is characterized in that described pressure fluid is an air, steam, water, any of cement paste or air and dry powder coal ash mixture as claim 5 or 6 described a kind of methods that are used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof.
13., it is characterized in that described barrier film is any of plastic foil, PVC cloth, chemical fiber cloth as claim 1 or 3 described a kind of methods that are used for backfilling goaf and supporting roof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100880105A CN101021161B (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2007-03-08 | Method for backfilling goaf and supporting roof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100880105A CN101021161B (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2007-03-08 | Method for backfilling goaf and supporting roof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101021161A CN101021161A (en) | 2007-08-22 |
| CN101021161B true CN101021161B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2007100880105A Expired - Fee Related CN101021161B (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2007-03-08 | Method for backfilling goaf and supporting roof |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102011611A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-04-13 | 淄博市王庄煤矿 | Strip-type filling method of high water-swelling material for controlling movement and deformation of overlying strata |
| CN102434186A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-05-02 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Grouting fire extinguishing method for two-hard close-distance multi-coal-seam goaf |
| CN103603689B (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2015-07-08 | 葛洲坝集团基础工程有限公司 | Curtain grouting construction method for treating mined-out areas |
| CN104533339B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2018-06-12 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | The enclosure method of underground coal gasification drill holes |
| CN108755765A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-06 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | The safe administering method of vertical shaft is discarded in a kind of mine |
| CN111021334A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-17 | 甘肃众联建设工程科技有限公司 | Underground space jet backfill process |
Citations (4)
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| US4726712A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1988-02-23 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method of pipeline filling the interstices of controlled caving areas |
| CN1007283B (en) * | 1987-05-16 | 1990-03-21 | 孔祥清 | Method and equipment of filling a caving district in coal mine by waste rocks |
| CN1202569A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 1998-12-23 | 陈隆金 | High concentrate paste-filling technology and equipment in mine |
| CN1050170C (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 2000-03-08 | 长沙矿山研究院 | Method and device for extrusion conveying of downhole filling material |
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2007
- 2007-03-08 CN CN2007100880105A patent/CN101021161B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4726712A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1988-02-23 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method of pipeline filling the interstices of controlled caving areas |
| CN1007283B (en) * | 1987-05-16 | 1990-03-21 | 孔祥清 | Method and equipment of filling a caving district in coal mine by waste rocks |
| CN1050170C (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 2000-03-08 | 长沙矿山研究院 | Method and device for extrusion conveying of downhole filling material |
| CN1202569A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 1998-12-23 | 陈隆金 | High concentrate paste-filling technology and equipment in mine |
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| CN101021161A (en) | 2007-08-22 |
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