Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly have excellent luminous efficiency and thermotolerance, the life-span is long and emission has excellent color purity novel electroluminescent material, and the organic electroluminescence device that adopts this material.
Have ring vinylbenzene of outer ethylene linkage constitutional features and derivative thereof and in luminescent material, use morely, also show luminescent properties preferably.But, in small molecule material, because the not high factor of its thermostability has limited its application in device.And polystyrene of using morely and derivative thereof also because polymer luminescent material itself has and is difficult to many defectives of overcoming at present, thereby also are difficult to well be used in actual production.After studying for a long period of time, the inventor has found to contain the X type compound of the outer ethylene linkage of a plurality of rings, has good carrier transmission performance and luminescent properties efficiently, has good thermal stability and easy advantages such as synthetic and purification simultaneously.Subsequently it is applied in the electroluminescent device, resulting device has higher purity of color and efficient.Just be based on this understanding, finishing the present invention.
The present invention proposes the compound that the following general formula of a kind of usefulness is represented:
In the said structure formula, R
1~R
8Can be a kind of in hydrogen atom, alkyl, iso-alkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl group, nitro, cyano group, amino, sulfydryl, halogen atom, trifluoromethyl or the heterocyclic substituent (furans, thiophene, pyrroles, pyridine, pyrans, quinoline, indoles, carbazole, oxadiazole etc.).
In the said structure formula, R
1~R
8Can be identical or different.Be preferably hydrogen atom; Be preferably the aryl or the substituted aryl that contain C6-20, as phenyl, naphthyl, xenyl, p-terphenyl base, anthryl, dianthranide base, to tert-butyl-phenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 4-(N, N-dimethyl amido) phenyl etc., wherein most preferred is phenyl, naphthyl, xenyl, anthryl; Be preferably the fused ring aryl that contains C6-20 such as pyrenyl, naphthacenyl, phenanthryl, benzo phenanthryl, benzanthrene, benzo pyrenyl, fluorenyl etc., wherein most preferred is pyrenyl, benzo anthryl, phenanthryl, fluorenyl, 9,10-dimethyl fluorenyl, 9,10-diethyl fluorenyl; Be preferably the heterocyclic aryl that contains C4-20 or fused heterocycle aryl such as pyridyl, quinolyl, benzothienyl, cumarone, indyl, benzimidazolyl-, benzothiazolyl etc., wherein most preferred is pyridyl, quinolyl, thienyl, pyrryl; Be preferably alkoxyl group or the alkoxyl group of replacement, the alkylamino of C2-30 or the alkylamino of replacement of the alkyl of C1-30 or substituted alkyl, C1-30, as methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, sec.-propyl, the tertiary butyl, methoxyl group, oxyethyl group, isopropoxy, tertiary butyl oxygen base, N, N-dimethyl amido, N, N-diethyl amido, wherein most preferred is methyl, trifluoromethyl; Be preferably the alkylthio of C1-30 or substituted alkane sulphur base etc., as methylthio group, ethylmercapto group, sec.-propyl sulfenyl, tertiary butyl sulfenyl, wherein most preferred is methylthio group.
For clearer narration content of the present invention, the narration of following mask body but typical preferred structure in the type of compounds that is not limited to the present invention relates to:
Material of the present invention has the following advantages:
Electroluminescent organic material of the present invention can preferentially be used as twinkler, comprises separately as luminescent layer, perhaps as adulterated dyestuff and luminous, and also can be used as hole transport, electronics blocking material simultaneously.
Utilize the organic electroluminescence device of luminescent material preparation of the present invention can show high purity, high brightness, high efficiency high-performance.
Embodiment
Preferred implementation: compound of the present invention mainly be adopt aryl aldehyde or aryl ketones and aryl dimethylphosphite derivatives reaction with and bromo derivative and boric acid carry out the SUZUKI linked reaction and prepare, used reaction is simply effective.
Most of raw material such as benzophenone, aryl bromide and boric acid etc. used among the present invention are the commercial goods, and intermediate main reference document (J.Org.Chem., 2003,68,839-853) synthetic.
The synthetic route of intermediate and invention compound is as follows:
Synthetic route:
R in the following formula, R ', R " be the substituent group R in the general formula compound of the present invention
1~R
8
Synthesizing of intermediate:
Intermediate 1,2,4,5-four (dimethylphosphite methylene radical) benzene (M1)
In the 50mL single port bottle of magnetic agitation and NaOH device for absorbing tail gas is housed, add 1,2,4,5-tetrabromo methylbenzene 10.6g (23.4mmol), trimethyl phosphite 16ml (140.4mmol), oil bath heat temperature raising to 160 ℃, back flow reaction 3h.Stopped reaction, the trimethyl phosphite that the water pump pressure reducing and steaming is excessive gets light yellow dope 11.4 grams, yield 86.6%.
Intermediate 21,2-two bromo-4,5-two (dimethylphosphite methylene radical) benzene (M2)
Process is synthetic with intermediate one, and just with raw material 1,2,4,5-tetrabromo methylbenzene changes 1 into, 2-two bromo-4,5-two (brooethyl) benzene.Light yellow dope, yield 90%.
Intermediate 31,4-two bromo-2,5-two (dimethylphosphite methylene radical) benzene (M3)
Process is synthetic with intermediate one, and just with raw material 1,2,4,5-tetrabromo methylbenzene changes 1 into, 4-two bromo-2,5-two (brooethyl) benzene.Light yellow solid, yield 94%.
Be the synthetic embodiment of compound of the present invention below:
Synthesizing of embodiment one Compound C 01
In the 250ml there-necked flask under the nitrogen protection that magnetic agitation is housed, add 2.5g (4.4mmol) M1, dimethylbenzene ketone 3.5g (19.4mmol), exsiccant THF100mL.In addition sodium hydride 1.6g (28.0mol) is scattered in the 15mL dry THF, under the magnetic agitation, slowly is added drop-wise in the reaction flask, drip and finish, slowly be warming up to backflow, continue back flow reaction 20h.Stopped reaction, cooling, careful in the system dropping methyl alcohol till do not have bubble and emit, add ethyl acetate and each 50mL of water, tell organic phase, water merges organic phase with ethyl acetate extraction, with anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filter, rotation boils off solvent, and the gained solid is with the toluene recrystallization, get yellow powder 2.1 grams, yield 63.0%.
Product MS (m/e): 791; Ultimate analysis (C
62H
46): theoretical value C:94.14, H:5.86; Measured value C:C:94.02, H:5.97.
Synthesizing of embodiment two Compound C 03
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to 2-benzoyl naphthalene, gets yellow powder 1.8 grams, yield 70.4%.
Product MS (m/e): 991; Ultimate analysis (C
78H
54): theoretical value C:94.51, H:5.49; Measured value C:94.50, H:5.44.
Synthesizing of embodiment three Compound C 04
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to 4-benzoyl biphenyl, gets buff powder 1.5 grams, yield 55.6%.
Product MS (m/e): 1094; Ultimate analysis (C
86H
62): theoretical value C:94.30, H:5.70; Measured value C:94.38, H:5.58.
Embodiment Four Modernizations compound C06's is synthetic
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to acetylbenzene, and the gained solid gets pale yellow crystals 1.7 grams, yield 66.6% with toluene-ethyl alcohol recrystallization.
Product MS (m/e): 542; Ultimate analysis (C
42H
38): theoretical value C:92.94, H:7.06; Measured value C:92.88, H:7.00.
Synthesizing of embodiment five Compound C 09
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to the ethanoyl naphthalene, gets yellow crystals 2.2 grams, yield 69.7%.
Product MS (m/e): 742; Ultimate analysis (C
58H
46): theoretical value C:93.76, H:6.24; Measured value C:93.77, H:6.20.
Synthesizing of embodiment six Compound C 14
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to phenyl aldehyde, and the gained solid gets yellow crystals 2.7 grams, yield 86.1% with toluene-ethyl alcohol recrystallization.
Product MS (m/e): 486; Ultimate analysis (C
38H
30): theoretical value C:93.79, H:6.21; Measured value C:93.70, H:6.16.
Synthesizing of embodiment seven Compound C 15
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to the 2-naphthaldehyde, gets yellow solid 2.2 grams, yield 80.0%.
Product MS (m/e): 686; Ultimate analysis (C
54H
38): theoretical value C:94.42, H:5.58; Measured value C:94.42, H:5.56.
Synthesizing of embodiment eight Compound C 17
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to the 9-formaldehyde, gets yellow solid 2.0 grams, yield 76.8%.
Product MS (m/e): 886; Ultimate analysis (C
70H
46): theoretical value C:94.77, H:5.23; Measured value C:94.74, H:5.19.
Synthesizing of embodiment nine Compound C 19
Process is same as embodiment one, just raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to 9, and 10-dimethyl-2-fluorenes formaldehyde gets yellow solid 1.3 grams, yield 79.9%.
Product MS (m/e): 951; Ultimate analysis (C
74H
62): theoretical value C:93.43, H:6.57; Measured value C:93.39, H:6.55.
Synthesizing of embodiment ten Compound C 20
(1) 1,2-two bromo-4, (2, the 2-diphenylethyllene-1-) benzene is synthetic for 5-two
Process is same as embodiment one, just intermediate M1 is changed to M2, gets pale yellow crystals 10.9 grams, yield 79.9%.
Product MS (m/e): 592; Ultimate analysis (C
34H
24Br
2): theoretical value C:68.94, H:4.08; Measured value C:68.90, H:4.00.
(2) Compound C 20 is synthetic
1.5g (2.5mmol) is gone up the dibromobenzene derivative that the step obtains; 0.9g (6.0mmol) vinylbenzene boric acid; 0.04g (0.25mmol) palladium chloride; 0.13g (0.5mmol) triphenylphosphine; 2.5g (18.0mmol) Anhydrous potassium carbonate and be that the solvent 32ml that toluene-alcohol-water of 3: 3: 2 is formed joins in the 100ml there-necked flask by volume ratio; under the nitrogen protection; reflux 5 hours; cooling; filter; tell water; the washing organic phase; anhydrous sodium sulfate drying; rotation boils off solvent; the gained solid gets yellow crystals 1.3 grams, yield 80.3% with the toluene recrystallization.
Product MS (m/e): 638; Ultimate analysis (C
50H
38): theoretical value C:94.00, H:6.00; Measured value C:93.88, H:6.07.
Synthesizing of embodiment 11 Compound C 21
Process is same as embodiment ten (2), just benzene feedstock ethene boric acid is changed to t-butyl styrene boric acid, gets yellow solid 1.7 grams, yield 70.5%.
Product MS (m/e): 751; Ultimate analysis (C
58H
54): theoretical value C:92.75, H:7.25; Measured value C:92.70, H:7.23.
Synthesizing of embodiment 12 Compound C 22
Process is same as embodiment ten, just in (1) raw material M2 is changed to M3, and benzophenone is changed to 9, and 10-dimethyl-2-fluorenes formaldehyde gets light yellow solid 1.3 grams, yield 75.5%.
Product MS (m/e): 719; Ultimate analysis (C
56H
46): theoretical value C:93.55, H:6.45; Measured value C:93.53, H:6.40.
Synthesizing of embodiment 13 Compound C 23
Process is same as embodiment ten, just in (1) raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to 9, and 10-dimethyl-2-fluorenes formaldehyde gets light yellow solid 1.1 grams, yield 64.7%.
Product MS (m/e): 719; Ultimate analysis (C
56H
46): theoretical value C:93.55, H:6.45; Measured value C:93.53, H:6.40.
Embodiment ten Four Modernizations compound C24's is synthetic
Process is same as embodiment ten, just in (2) benzene feedstock ethene boric acid is changed to 9, and 10-dimethyl-2-fluorenes boric acid gets yellow solid 1.1 grams, yield 66.0%.
Product MS (m/e): 871; Ultimate analysis (C
68H
54): theoretical value C:93.75, H:6.25; Measured value C:93.77, H:6.23.
Synthesizing of embodiment 15 Compound C 25
Process is same as embodiment ten, just in (1) raw material dimethylbenzene ketone is changed to 2-benzoyl naphthalene, gets yellow solid 1.6 grams, yield 59.9%.
Product MS (m/e): 738; Ultimate analysis (C
58H
42): theoretical value C:94.27; H:5.73; Measured value C:94.16, H:5.68.
Synthesizing of embodiment 16 Compound C 26
Process is same as embodiment ten, just in (2) benzene feedstock boric acid is changed to the 2-naphthalene boronic acids, gets yellow solid 1.8 grams, yield 74.6%.
Product MS (m/e): 738; Ultimate analysis (C
58H
42): theoretical value C:94.27; H:5.73; Measured value C:94.16, H:5.68.
Synthesizing of embodiment 17 Compound C 27
Process is same as embodiment 15, just benzene feedstock boric acid is changed to the 2-naphthalene boronic acids, gets yellow solid 1.2 grams, yield 66.2%.
Product MS (m/e): 839; Ultimate analysis (C
74H
62): theoretical value C:94.47, H:5.53; Measured value C:94.44, H:5.50.
Synthesizing of embodiment 18 Compound C 29
Process is same as embodiment 12, and just with raw material 9,10-dimethyl-2-fluorenes formaldehyde is changed to the dimethylbenzene ketone, gets yellow crystals 1.5 grams, yield 80.3%.
Product MS (m/e): 638; Ultimate analysis (C
50H
38): theoretical value C:94.00, H:6.00; Measured value C:93.98, H:5.95
Synthesizing of embodiment 19 Compound C 30
Process is same as embodiment 12, just benzene feedstock boric acid is changed to the 2-naphthalene boronic acids, gets yellow crystals 2.0 grams, yield 72.3%.
Product MS (m/e): 738; Ultimate analysis (C
58H
42): theoretical value C:94.27, H:5.73; Measured value C:94.19, H:5.77
Synthesizing of embodiment 20 Compound C 33
Process is same as embodiment 12, just benzene feedstock boric acid is changed to tert.-butylbenzene boric acid, gets pale yellow crystals 1.7 grams, yield 65.8%.
Product MS (m/e): 751; Ultimate analysis (C
58H
54): theoretical value C:92.75, H:7.25; Measured value C:92.70, H:7.11.
Synthesizing of embodiment 21 Compound C 36
Process is same as embodiment 12, just the raw material benzophenone is changed to 2-benzoyl naphthalene, and phenylo boric acid is changed to the 2-naphthalene boronic acids, gets yellow solid 1.2 grams, yield 67.7%.
Product MS (m/e): 839; Ultimate analysis (C
66H
46): theoretical value C:94.47, H:5.53; Measured value C:94.35, H:5.49.
Synthesizing of embodiment 22 Compound C 41
Process is same as embodiment ten, just in (1) raw material M2 is changed to M3, in (2) benzene feedstock boric acid is changed to 9, and 10-dimethyl-2-fluorenes boric acid gets yellow solid 1.9 grams, yield 69.1%.
Product MS (m/e): 871; Ultimate analysis (C
68H
54): theoretical value C:93.75, H:6.25; Measured value C:93.65, H:6.22.
Synthesizing of embodiment 23 Compound C 42
Process is same as embodiment ten, just the raw material benzophenone is changed to 4-(N-carbazyl) phenyl aldehyde, gets light yellow solid 0.9 gram, yield 70.4%.
Product MS (m/e): 817; Ultimate analysis (C
62H
44N
2): theoretical value C:91.14, H:5.43, N:3.43; Measured value C:91.11, H:5.40, N:3.32
Be the Application Example of The compounds of this invention below:
The preferred implementation of fabricate devices:
The typical structure of OLED device is: substrate/anode/hole transmission layer (HTL)/organic luminous layer/electron transfer layer (ETL)/negative electrode.
Substrate is transparent, can be glass or flexible substrate, and flexible substrate adopts a kind of material in polyester, the polyimide compounds; Anode layer can adopt inorganic materials or organic conductive polymkeric substance, inorganic materials is generally the higher metals of work function such as metal oxides such as tin indium oxide (hereinafter to be referred as ITO), zinc oxide, zinc tin oxide or gold, copper, silver, the optimized ITO that is chosen as, organic conductive polymkeric substance are preferably a kind of material in Polythiophene/polyvinylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium (hereinafter to be referred as PEDOT:PSS), the polyaniline (hereinafter to be referred as PANI); Cathode layer generally adopts the alloy of the lower metal of work functions such as lithium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, aluminium, indium or they and copper, gold and silver, or the electrode layer that alternately forms of metal and metal fluoride, the present invention is preferably Mg:Ag alloy layer, Ag layer and LiF layer successively, Al layer successively; Hole transmission layer generally adopts the tri-arylamine group material, and the present invention is preferably N, N '-two-(1-naphthyl)-N, N '-phenylbenzene-1,1-xenyl-4,4-diamines (NPB); Electron transfer layer is generally a metal-organic complex, preferably closes gallium (III) (the following Alq that is called for short respectively as three (oxine) aluminium, three (oxine) gallium, (the adjacent amine phenol of salicylidene)-(oxine)
3, Gaq
3, Ga (Saph-q)), also can be the o-phenanthroline class, as 4,7-phenylbenzene-1,10-o-phenanthroline (hereinafter to be referred as Bphen) etc., organic luminous layer generally can adopt small molecule material, can doping fluorescent material or phosphorescent coloring, comprised the luminous organic material that the present invention proposes in the organic luminous layer of the present invention, it can be directly luminous, also can be used as dye adulterated luminously in corresponding material of main part, and preferred material of main part is Alq
3, Gaq
3, Ga (Saph-q), NPB.
Prepare a series of organic electroluminescence device of the present invention in accordance with the following methods:
(1) uses clean-out system, deionized water and organic solution to divide several steps to clean and have the anodic glass substrate;
(2) hole transmission layer of the method evaporation device by vacuum-evaporation;
(3) continue the luminescent layer that evaporation comprises red light material of the present invention again;
(4) electron transfer layer of continuation evaporation device;
(5) method by evaporation or sputter prepares metallic cathode again.
The preparation of embodiment 20 four device OLED-1~OLED-3
The preparation of OLED-1: sheet glass supersound process in commercial clean-out system that will be coated with the ITO transparency conducting layer, in deionized water, wash, at acetone: ultrasonic oil removing in the alcohol mixed solvent, under clean environment, be baked to and remove moisture content fully, with UV-light cleaning machine irradiation 10 minutes, and with low energy positively charged ion bundle bombarded surface.
The above-mentioned anodic glass substrate that has is placed in the vacuum chamber, be evacuated to 1 * 10
-4Pa continues evaporation NPB as hole transmission layer on above-mentioned anode tunic, evaporation speed is 0.1nm/s, and the evaporation thickness is 50nm;
On hole transmission layer, continue evaporation one deck and be doped with the luminescent layer of the NPB of Compound C 48 as device, Compound C 48 is 1: 100 with the evaporation speed ratio of NPB, and the doping content of Compound C 48 in NPB is 7wt%, the total speed of its evaporation is 0.1nm/s, and the evaporation total film thickness is 30nm;
Continue evaporation one deck Alq again
3Material is as the electron transfer layer of device, and its evaporation speed is 0.1nm/s, and the evaporation total film thickness is 20nm;
At last, evaporation Mg:Ag alloy layer and Ag layer are as the cathode layer of device successively on above-mentioned electron transfer layer, and wherein the evaporation speed of Mg:Ag alloy layer is 2.5nm/s, and thickness is 100nm, and the evaporation speed of Ag layer is 0.3nm/s, and thickness is 100nm.
Preparing OLED-2 and OLED-3 according to the method described above, only is to have changed the doping content of Compound C 48 in NPB, and the performance of device sees table 1 for details:
Table 1:
Device number |
Device architecture is formed |
Emission wavelength nm |
Current density A/m
2 |
Brightness cd/m2 |
Efficient cd/A |
OLED-1 |
ITO/NPB (50nm)/NPB:7wt% Compound C 48 (30nm)/Alq
3(20nm)/MgAg:Ag
|
476 |
500 |
1212 |
2.49 |
OLED-2 |
ITO/NPB (50nm)/NPB:12wt% Compound C 48 (30nm)/Alq
3(20nm)/MgAg:Ag
|
480 |
500 |
1309 |
3.75 |
OLED-3 |
ITO/NPB (50nm)/NPB:20wt% Compound C 48 (30nm)/Alq
3(20nm)/MgAg:Ag
|
480 |
500 |
1802 |
2.80 |
Although describe the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description and accompanying drawing, should be appreciated that under the guiding of the present invention's design, those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and improvement, and claims have been summarized scope of the present invention.