CN101005156A - High Gain Broadband Panel Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-gain broadband panel antenna, which is used for solving the problem that the traditional antenna structure cannot be applied to the high-gain broadband; a first symmetric radiation unit disposed on the first surface and having a first radiation portion and a second radiation portion; a second symmetric radiation unit disposed on the second surface and having a third radiation portion and a fourth radiation portion; and at least one connecting unit connecting the microwave substrate and the reflection plate. Wherein the ends of the first, second, third and fourth radiation portions adopt a design method of step structure. The purpose of high-gain broadband can be realized through the structural design of the panel antenna.

Description

High Gain Broadband Panel Antenna

technical field

The invention relates to a planar antenna structure, in particular to a planar antenna with high gain and wide frequency band.

Background technique

With the vigorous development of wireless communication in recent years, people's demand for bandwidth and data transmission rate of wireless communication are also increasing day by day. In the case of wireless local area network (Wi-Fi), its data transmission rate has been increased from the original 2MB and 11MB to the current 54MB, but its transmission distance is limited to within one or two hundred meters. When the transmission distance is increased to several kilometers At this time, Wi-Fi cannot meet this requirement, so the new communication technology WiMAX can be developed. WiMAX mainly regulates the communication of the wide area network, and its transmission range can reach 50 kilometers, which complies with the IEEE 802.16 standard. The communication distance of WLAN is mostly within 100 to 200 meters, which is a short-distance transmission method, while WiMAX can provide data transmission with a communication range of several kilometers, or even tens of kilometers. Radio waves are stably sent and received through an outdoor fixed antenna, so WiMAX radio waves can be transmitted over a longer distance, while IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks can only rely on their own matching antennas for signal transmission.

Regardless of whether the above specifications use IEEE 802.11a/g or WiMAX, when information is transmitted through IEEE802.11a/g or WiMAX, the antenna becomes one of the important components in the field of wireless communication. At present, the production of the antenna is in the form of a printed circuit board. It is more favored by manufacturers because it has the advantages of easy manufacture and low cost.

At present, many patent documents disclose related technologies for the improvement of dual-frequency antenna structure, such as Taiwan Patent Publication No. 553507 "Broadband Dual-frequency Dipole Antenna Structure", which discloses a dual-frequency dipole antenna structure, so that the dual-frequency The high-frequency dipole antenna can cover the 2.4-2.5GHz frequency band and the 5.0GHz frequency band, and even the wide frequency band of the 5.0-6.0GHz frequency band. It has two different frequency bands of radiation receiving and receiving effects, and the user can carry the communication equipment used with him to different frequency bands. It does not need to replace the communication equipment, and it does have the mobility and convenience of use. Please refer to FIG. 1 for the structural diagram of the dual-frequency dipole antenna, which includes a signal terminal 1 and a ground terminal 2 of the antenna having the same shape. The feeder 4 is respectively connected to the signal terminal 1 and the ground terminal 2 to form a broadband dual-band dipole antenna structure, wherein the signal terminal 11 and the ground terminal 12 are both U-shaped and bent.

In addition, Taiwan Patent Publication No. M253918 "Planar Dual-band Antenna" discloses a dual-band antenna structure that enables it to operate in two different frequency bands at the same time, and each frequency band has a good radiation pattern, so that the antenna Good performance with high gain maintained in both frequency bands.

In addition, Taiwan Patent Publication No. M265778 "Multi-frequency Printed Dipole Antenna" discloses a multi-frequency printed dipole antenna. The U-shaped dipole antenna can achieve its broadband effect, and the capacitor can be used to improve the first dipole antenna. Impedance matching of two dipole antennas. Please refer to FIG. 2 for the plan view of the multi-frequency printed dipole antenna, which includes a lengthwise insulating substrate 5, a first pair of dipole oscillators 61a, 61b, a second pair of dipole oscillators 62a, 62b, a third pair of dipole oscillators 63a, 63b, The first pair of connecting parts 64a, 64b, the second pair of connecting parts 65a, 65b, the connecting piece 66, the feeder 7 and the capacitor 8.

At present, most of the improvement of the antenna structure is to solve how to obtain good radiation efficiency and antenna gain within the operating frequency band of IEEE 802.11a/b/g. However, the above three known patents cannot meet the broadband required by WiMAX technology. Band (3.3-3.8GHz), high-gain electrical requirements, and the antenna gain of these three patents is only 1.8-2dBi. Therefore, how to provide a high-gain wide-band panel antenna conforming to IEEE802.11/a/b/g and WiMAX frequencies has become a problem that researchers are eager to solve.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-gain broadband panel antenna, which utilizes symmetrical radiating elements and reflectors to produce a high-gain broadband panel antenna.

Therefore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the high-gain broadband planar antenna disclosed in the present invention includes a microwave substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a first symmetrical radiation unit is arranged on the first surface, and the The first symmetrical radiating unit has a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion; the second symmetric radiating unit is disposed on the second surface, and the second symmetric radiating unit has a third radiating portion and a fourth radiating portion ; and at least one connecting unit, connecting the microwave substrate and the reflecting plate. Wherein the end of the first radiating portion, the second radiating portion, the third radiating portion or the fourth radiating portion has a stepped structure.

According to the high-gain broadband panel antenna, it further includes a first feeding network unit configured on the first surface for evenly distributing the corresponding feeding power to the first radiating part and the second radiating part .

According to the high-gain broadband panel antenna, wherein the first feeding network unit has a T-shaped structure.

According to the high-gain broadband panel antenna, it further includes a feed-in area configured on the first surface for connecting the transmission line and the first feed-in network unit.

According to the high-gain broadband panel antenna, it further includes a second feeding network unit configured on the second surface for evenly distributing the corresponding feeding power to the third radiating part and the fourth radiating part .

According to the high-gain broadband panel antenna, wherein the second feeding network unit has a T-shaped structure.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, the stepped structure is one or a combination of first-order, second-order, and circular arcs.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, wherein the length of the end step-shaped structure of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part is 0.05 operating wavelength to 0.1 between operating wavelengths.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, the length of the end step-shaped structure of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part is 1 to 5 cm.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, the distance between the microwave substrate and the reflection plate is 5 to 7 centimeters.

According to the high-gain broadband panel antenna, the width of the first radiating portion or the second radiating portion is between 0.05 operating wavelength and 0.1 operating wavelength.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, the width of the first radiating portion or the second radiating portion is 5 to 9 cm.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, the width of the third radiating portion or the fourth radiating portion is between 0.05 operating wavelength and 0.1 operating wavelength.

According to the high-gain broadband planar antenna, the width of the third radiating portion or the fourth radiating portion is 5 to 9 cm.

Through the design of the symmetrical radiation unit and reflector of this high-gain broadband panel antenna, the panel antenna can have a high gain value of 6-8dBi, and at the same time, the operating frequency band of the panel antenna is 500MHz, because the first The end portion of the radiation part, the second radiation part, the third radiation part or the fourth radiation part adopts a stepped design, so the impedance bandwidth of the panel antenna can be improved.

Relevant characteristics and actual operation of the present invention, now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment is described in detail as follows.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the dual frequency dipole antenna of known technology;

Fig. 2 is the plan view of the multi-frequency printed dipole antenna of known technology;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the first surface of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the second surface front view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the side view of broadband panel antenna of the present invention;

6A is a schematic diagram of the step structure of the end of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of step design at the end of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6C is a schematic diagram of step design of the end of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6D is a schematic diagram of step design at the end of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7A is the E-polarized radiation field diagram provided by the present invention; and

Fig. 7B is a field diagram of H-polarized radiation provided by the present invention.

Wherein, the reference signs are explained as follows:

Signal terminal 1

first signal terminal 11

The first ground terminal 12

with ground terminal 2

Substrate 3

Coaxial feeder 4

Insulating substrate 5

The first pair of dipole oscillators 61a, 61b

The second pair of dipole oscillators 62a, 62b

The third pair of dipole oscillators 63a, 63b

First pair of connection parts 64a, 64b

Second pair of connecting parts 65a, 65b

Connection piece 66

Feeder 7

Capacitor 8

Microwave substrate 90

The first feeding network unit 92

Side arms 920, 922, 1100, 1102

Feed-in area 92a

The first symmetrical radiation unit 94

The first radiation part 940

The second radiation part 942

first surface 100

second surface 102

The second feed network unit 110

The second symmetrical radiation unit 112

The third radiation part 1120

The fourth radiation part 1122

connection unit 114

Reflector 116

Detailed ways

The microwave substrate of the high-gain broadband planar antenna provided by the present invention has a first surface and a second surface, and the front views of the first surface and the second surface are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 respectively.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a front view of the first surface of the first embodiment of the present invention. On the first surface 100 of the microwave substrate 90, the microstrip line pattern of the circuit layer is arranged, and the first surface 100 includes the first feeding network. The unit 92 , the first symmetrical radiation unit 94 and the feed-in area 92 a, wherein the first symmetrical radiation unit 94 further includes a first radiation portion 940 and a second radiation portion 942 .

The two side arms 920 and 922 of the first feeding network unit 92 are respectively connected to the first radiating part 940 and the second radiating part 942, and the first feeding network unit 92 and the feed into the region 92a to form a complete wideband panel antenna pattern. The first feed-in network unit 92 has a T-shaped structure, and the transmission line is used to feed radio frequency signals into the first feed-in network unit 92 through the feed-in area 92a, through which the first feed-in network unit 92 distributes corresponding The feeding power of the first radiating part 940 and the second radiating part 942 .

The transmission line of the above-mentioned first embodiment can be an external antenna, the material of the microwave substrate 90 can be glass fiber, dielectric or similar materials, and the ends of the first radiating part 940 and the second radiating part 942 are connected to A step-like structure is formed within a length, and the implementation of the step-like structure is shown in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D .

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a front view of the second surface of the first embodiment of the present invention. On the second surface 102 of the microwave substrate 90, a microstrip line pattern of the ground layer is provided, and the second surface 102 includes a second feeding network. The unit 110 and the second symmetric radiating unit 112 , wherein the second symmetric radiating unit 112 further includes a third radiating portion 1120 and a fourth radiating portion 1122 .

The two side arms 1100 , 1102 of the second feeding network unit 110 are respectively connected to the third radiating part 1120 and the fourth radiating part 1122 , and the second feeding network unit 110 has a T-shaped structure.

The material of the microwave substrate 90 in the above-mentioned second embodiment can be glass fiber, dielectric or similar materials, and the ends of the third radiating portion 1120 and the fourth radiating portion 1122 are stepped in a length. structure, and its step-like structure implementation, please refer to FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 at the same time, the ground layer microstrip line pattern of the second surface 102 is symmetrical to the circuit layer microstrip line pattern of the first surface 100, and the first radiating part 940 of the first symmetrical radiation unit 94, the second The extension direction of the second radiation portion 942 is opposite to that of the third radiation portion 1120 and the fourth radiation portion 1122 of the second symmetrical radiation unit 112 .

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a side view of the broadband panel antenna of the present invention, including a microwave substrate 90, at least one connection unit 114 is arranged on any surface of the microwave substrate 90, and a reflector 116 is arranged on these connection units , so that the reflection plate 116 has an appropriate distance from the microwave substrate 90, which can be 5 to 7 centimeters under the practical application of the communication frequency band of 3.3-3.8 GHz, wherein the material of the reflection plate 116 is metal, and the connections The material of the unit 114 can be plastic. Although the reflector 116 can be arranged on any surface of the microwave substrate 90, it is described here as an example of being arranged on the second surface, and the purpose of the reflector 116 is to block The energy reflected by the broadband planar antenna can guide the energy radiated from the second surface to the first surface.

In addition, in order to increase the impedance bandwidth of the broadband panel antenna, the present invention proposes that there are approximately 0.05 operating wavelengths to 0.1 The length of each operating wavelength can be 1 to 5 cm under the practical application of the communication frequency band of 3.3 to 3.8 GHz, and it presents a step structure within this length range, and its step structure can be diversified Form, such as first-order, second-order, circular arc... and so on.

Please refer to FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D . In order to simplify the illustration, only the first radiation part and the third radiation part are marked in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D . One end of the second radiating portion 942, the third radiating portion 1120 or the fourth radiating portion 1122 is designed as a first-order structure, and the other end is a plane. FIG. 6B shows the first radiating portion 940, the second radiating portion 942, and the third radiating portion. 1120 or one end of the fourth radiation part 1122 is a second-order structure design and the other end is a plane. FIG. 6C shows that one end of the first radiation part 940, second radiation part 942, third radiation part 1120 or fourth radiation part 1122 The design of the first-order and circular arc structure, and the other end is a plane, and Fig. 6D shows that one end of the first radiating part 940, the second radiating part 942, the third radiating part 1120 or the fourth radiating part 1122 is a first-order structure and another One end is designed with a nozzle-shaped structure.

Although the present embodiment and the accompanying drawings disclose that one end of the first radiating portion 940, the second radiating portion 942, the third radiating portion 1120 or the fourth radiating portion 1122 of the present invention has a length of about 1 to 5 centimeters, what is adopted is a step Stepped structural design, however, is not limited by this embodiment and the accompanying drawings in actual implementation, and any structure made by those skilled in the art when the effect obtained within this distance range is substantially equivalent to the present invention Changes are all within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

The present invention also provides the actual measured radiation field diagram, which is used for a comparative test at frequencies of 3.3GHz, 3.5GHz and 3.8GHz respectively, please refer to Figure 7A and Figure 7B, wherein Figure 7A is the radiation field diagram of E-polarization And Fig. 7B is the radiation field diagram of H-polarization. It can be seen from Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B that the diagram in the lower half is smaller than that in the upper half, because the reflector is designed to radiate energy from the back of the antenna Caused by forward guidance.

According to the definition of WiMAX technology in the antenna part, the electrical specifications of the antenna must meet (1) the operating frequency band of the antenna is 3.3-3.8GHz, (2) the gain of the antenna is 6dBi, and (3) the operating bandwidth of the antenna is 500MHz. However, none of the above-mentioned antenna designs of the three disclosed patents can meet the above-mentioned requirements of WiMAX for the electrical specification of the antenna. The broadband planar antenna structure of the present invention is an array antenna structure comprising a first radiating part and a second radiating part, and the first radiating part or the second radiating part is equivalent to a traditional antenna structure, so the first radiating part and the second radiating part Each portion has an antenna gain of 2dBi, and the distance between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is about between 0.7 operating wavelength and 0.9λ operating wavelength, and the microwave substrate of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface , the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part and the fourth radiating part are arranged on the first surface and the second surface respectively, and the first symmetric radiation unit on the first surface and the first radiating part on the second surface The extension directions of the two symmetrical radiating units are opposite, and the pattern of the wide-band flat panel antenna is symmetrical, that is, the present invention also adopts an array design, so that the radiation energy of the antenna gain can be increased by 2-2.5 dBi.

In addition, the present invention arranges a plurality of connection units on any surface of the microwave substrate, and a reflection plate is provided on these connection units. The setting of the reflection plate can guide the energy radiated from the back to the front, so that the gain of the antenna can be further improved by 2 ~3dBi energy, so the gain of the broadband planar antenna structure of the present invention can reach about 6~8dBi energy. However, since the size of the reflector and the distance between the antenna bodies will affect the gain of the antenna, the length of the reflector must be greater than or equal to the overall length of the antenna.

The impedance matching of the panel antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the heights of these connecting units to cause different distances between the reflector and the antenna main body. In the present invention, the width of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the third radiating part or the fourth radiating part can be adjusted to make it wider or thicker to increase more antenna surface current and increase its radiation efficiency , when its width is implemented, it can be widened to 0.05 operating wavelength to 0.1 operating wavelength (about 5-9 cm). The end of the radiating part and the fourth radiating part adopts a stepped structure design, which can increase the impedance bandwidth of the broadband planar antenna.

It is proved by experiments that the broadband panel antenna of the present invention has an operating frequency band of 3.3 to 3.8 GHz, a bandwidth percentage of more than 14%, an antenna voltage standing wave ratio lower than 1.5 in the operating frequency band, an antenna gain greater than 6dBi and a flat antenna gain Gain Flatness is a characteristic within 3dBi within the operating frequency band.

Although the present invention is disclosed above with the aforementioned preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. All changes and modifications made without departing from the scope and spirit disclosed in the claims of the present invention are within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band, it comprises:

Microwave base plate has first surface and second surface;

The first symmetric form radiating element is disposed on this first surface, and this first symmetric form radiating element has first Department of Radiation and second Department of Radiation;

The second symmetric form radiating element is disposed on this second surface, and this second symmetric form radiating element has the 3rd Department of Radiation and the 4th Department of Radiation;

Reflecting plate; And

At least one linkage unit is arranged between this microwave base plate and this reflecting plate;

Wherein the end of this first Department of Radiation, this second Department of Radiation, the 3rd Department of Radiation or the 4th Department of Radiation is step shape structure.

2. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the first feed-in network element, be disposed on this first surface, in order to the corresponding feed-in power of mean allocation to this first Department of Radiation and this second Department of Radiation.

3. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 2, wherein this first feed-in network element is T font structure.

4. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 2 also comprises the feed-in district, is disposed on this first surface, in order to connect transmission line and this first feed-in network element.

5. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1 or 2 also comprises the second feed-in network element, be disposed on this second surface, in order to the corresponding feed-in power of mean allocation to the 3rd Department of Radiation and the 4th Department of Radiation.

6. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 5, wherein this second feed-in network element is T font structure.

7. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein this step shape structure is one of them or combination of single order, second order, circular arc.

8. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the terminal step shape structure of this first Department of Radiation, this second Department of Radiation, the 3rd Department of Radiation or the 4th Department of Radiation is between 0.05 operative wavelength to 0.1 operative wavelength.

9. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the terminal step shape structure of this first Department of Radiation, this second Department of Radiation, the 3rd Department of Radiation or the 4th Department of Radiation is 1 complete 5 centimetres.

10. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein this microwave base plate to the distance of this reflecting plate is 5 to 7 centimetres.

11. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of this first Department of Radiation or this second Department of Radiation is between 0.05 operative wavelength to 0.1 operative wavelength.

12. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of this first Department of Radiation or this second Department of Radiation is 5 to 9 centimetres.

13. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the 3rd Department of Radiation or the 4th Department of Radiation is between 0.05 operative wavelength to 0.1 operative wavelength.

14. flat plate antenna of high gain wide band as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the 3rd Department of Radiation or the 4th Department of Radiation is 5 to 9 centimetres.

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