CN101001727B

CN101001727B - Method and press for simultaneously forming and decorating ceramic articles

Info

Publication number: CN101001727B
Application number: CN2005800251371A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 塞尔焦·苗托
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-08-02
Filing date: 2005-07-28
Publication date: 2011-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2025-07-28
Also published as: ITRE20040098A1; EP1781454A1; WO2006016223A1; EP1781454B1; RU2375173C2; RU2007106965A; CN101001727A

Abstract

A method for simultaneously forming and decorating ceramic articles, comprising the steps of: a) -preparing a press (1), said press (1) being provided with a first punch (2) and a second punch (3) which are mutually movable between a spaced-apart position and a closed-together position, wherein in the closed-together position a die cavity (4) is defined; b) sucking a frame (5) provided with an elastically deformable membrane (6) onto a first punch (2), the membrane (6) being partially covered by a decorative material on the side facing a second punch (3); c) driving the press (1) to said closed-together position; d) loading a ceramic material into said cavity (4) and subjecting it to compression so as to form an article; e) the press (1) is returned to its spaced position and exits the decorated ceramic article.

Description

Be used for forming simultaneously method and press with decorating ceramic articles

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for to form simultaneously method and press with decorating ceramic articles.

More especially, the present invention relates to be used for forming simultaneously and decorating the pottery for example method and the press of ceramic plate.

Background technology

Ceramic can be decorated by known many methods, for example decalcomania transfer, manual or automatic mopping method, direct screen print printing process and lamination (tampography) method.

The decoration that is undertaken by decalcomania transfer comprises the ceramic that layout (applique) is applied to compacting, deburring, glazing and roasting.When decoration had applied, baked article was so that be fused to applique in the glaze again.

This method makes it possible to carry out polychrome decoration, but operation is slow and cost is very high.

And, decorate by decalcomania transfer and not allow and apply subsequently and will make decorate wear-resisting glaze.

The decoration that is undertaken by manual or automatic mopping consists essentially of by brush layout is applied to ceramic base.

This method can also obtain polychrome decoration, is mainly used in very simple layout or is used for the handicraft formula to produce.

By direct screen print printing ceramic is decorated and to be comprised " sieve " is applied to goods to be decorated that color can be the sieve mesh of passing this sieve according to layout to be reproduced.

Just use scraper or other known system that color is put on sieve, directly to be deposited on the goods to be decorated according to layout.

This method only can be used for decorating the goods flat or slightly microprotrusion or the flat or regular part of goods, has therefore limited the decoration to the central area or the edge of plate.

The decorative layer platen press uses (sliconized) elastic insert of silication will be transferred to the surface of finished product from the ink film of engraving plate (printed panel).

The decorative pad method cost is very low and make monochrome decoration or image can be applied to a series of goods at an easy rate, in addition put on recessed or convex surface on, as pottery particularly plate recessed or convex surface, yet it is difficult to put on the goods of polygonal shape.

Simultaneously increased the versatility that is used on the Any shape significantly although the decoration that is undertaken by laminating greatly reduces the production cost of decorated articles, these advantages are limited to the step of the mere decoration of the complete alternation that is used to form decorating ceramic articles.

Basically, in the trailing of prior art, decoration stage be carried out on the ceramic of roasting and possibility glazing, so the production time of the decorated articles of completion is very long, mainly is because goods are set so that make it can decorate the time that the time that needs adds that decoration subsequently needs.

In DE3446175, disclosed a kind of method and apparatus that is used to produce the ceramic die of decoration, wherein, decorative substance has been applied on the pressure membrane.Between the pressure membrane and the first mould parts, carry out the edge sealing subsequently, decorative substance is sent on the described first mould parts.Then, pressure membrane is removed, fill the chamber, should fill the chamber emptying and the flowable ceramic composition of filling and between the first mould parts and the second mould parts, form one.At last described component compression is formed mould, and decorative substance is transferred to described mould.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, need a kind ofly be used to form method and press strongly with decorating ceramic articles, this method is compared the TPT that reduces decorating ceramic articles significantly and can be decorated the surface with Any shape with press with the restriction of prior art, correspondingly cost reduces.

The purpose of this invention is to provide and to satisfy the method with decorating ceramic articles of being used to form that shortcoming that prior art exists is eliminated in described requirement simultaneously, and be used to implement the press of described method.

This purpose by following be used for forming simultaneously with the method for decorating ceramic articles and relevant system realize.

A kind of method that is used for forming simultaneously with decorating ceramic articles, may further comprise the steps: a) preparation press, described press is provided with first punching machine and second punching machine, described first punching machine and second punching machine can move between spaced position and position closed together mutually, wherein, on position closed together, define die cavity; B) framework that will be provided with the film of elastically deformable is inhaled on first punching machine so that be positioned at described die cavity, and described film divides the decorated material in ground to cover at that upper lateral part towards second punching machine; C) press is urged to described position closed together, framework is remained on first punching machine simultaneously; D) ceramic material is loaded in the described die cavity and make its through by compression so that form goods, film between first punching machine and ceramic material so that make ornament materials directly from film transfer to ceramic material; E) make described press be back to its spaced position and withdraw from the ceramic and the framework of decoration.

A kind of system that is used for forming simultaneously with decorating ceramic articles, comprise press, described press comprises first punching machine and second punching machine, described first punching machine and second punching machine can move between spaced position and position closed together mutually, wherein, on position closed together, define die cavity; The film of elastically deformable; Be used for the device of described film suction at described first punching machine, wherein: described film is supported by framework, the device that is used to hold described framework and keeps described framework to align with described first punching machine and second punching machine on position closed together is provided, so that make described film be positioned at described die cavity, compression is used to form the ceramic material of the goods of decoration in described die cavity.

The application's other guide defines according to of the present invention and is used for forming simultaneously and the method for decorating ceramic articles and the preferred and particularly advantageous embodiment of press.

Description of drawings

By reading by means of the figure shown in the accompanying drawing and, will knowing more feature and advantage of the present invention, wherein by means of the description subsequently that limiting examples provides:

Fig. 1 and 2 is the perspective view according to press of the present invention, shows the state that it separates;

Fig. 3 is the perspective view of details of the press of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of a part of the press of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 and 6 shows respectively separately and state closed together for passing the schematic vertical section of press.

The specific embodiment

Referring to described figure, reference number 1 indication is used for forming simultaneously overall with the press of decorating ceramic articles according to of the present invention.

Term " decoration " is meant the effect of any modification article in the present invention, no matter be layout form, lines form or color form.

Press 1 consists essentially of first punching machine 2 and second punching machine 3, they can be between spaced position (Fig. 1-5) and position closed together (Fig. 6) towards each other with away from motion.Shown in example in, press has two pairs of punching machines, however that press of the present invention can be configured to have is many to punching machine.

In the drawings, first punching machine 2 is a movable punch for fixed punch second punching machine 3, their horizontal ground motions, however can use the relative motion of any other pattern, the punching machine that can vertically move for example.

For describing for simplicity,, yet can form particularly pottery of any other ceramic clearly with reference to the formation and the decoration of plate.Say once more, can form for example ceramic tile of any other decorating ceramic products.

According to the present invention, the movable punch 3 that is arranged in the fixed punch 2 in figure left side and is arranged in the figure right side have corresponding shape be suitable for molded plate towards the surface, the plate of dark die bed for example, its concave surface is towards fixed punch 2.

According to the present invention, when two punching machines are in its spaced position, the ring-shaped frame 5 that also is called ring for short is accurately cooperated to be installed in fixed punch 2 tops, is made of steel or other material basically, may utilize plastic material to cover and be provided with the film 6 of the elastically deformable that is fixed to ring 5.

Ring 5 (and films 6) inhaled on fixed punch 2 mode according to used press and movable punch 3 flatly or vertically travel direction select.A kind of optimal way is described hereinafter in more detail.

The circular edge 2a of fixed punch 2 is recessed so that the concave surface in the formation plate with respect to its smooth middle body 2b, therefore film 6 stands to be out of shape so that adhere to the central part 2b of punching machine 2 at least, and between the circular edge 2a of punching machine 2 and the annulus near the film 6 of ring 5, the adhesion situation is also imperfect.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, adhere to completely in order to obtain between film 6 and fixed punch 2, fixed punch 2 forms vacuum by exhausting system so that make it possible to by selectivity porous material structure between film 6 and punching machine 2.

In this manner, when ring 5 and film when being inhaled on fixed punch 2, start exhausting system so that between film 6 and fixed punch 2 even at edge 2a place, obtain perfectly adhesion.

Preferably, fixed punch 2 is by the resin construction of the such porous that is used for the die casting mechanograph traditionally, and is therefore known in the field.Except guaranteeing necessary permeability so that apply the vacuum by punching machine 2, this resin also has necessary strength so that work under than higher pressure.

In order to decorate plate inside at least partly, art work be applied in film 6 with the side that is directly attached to fixed punch 2, promptly among the figure towards that opposite side of a side on the right side, it is in this example for to be the ceramic paint of screen print slurry form basically, so that suitably reproduce layout to be transferred.By advancing movable punch 3, just form and decorate plate simultaneously towards fixed punch 2.

The shape of movable punch 3 and the back of plate, the shape that promptly is placed in that part of needs on the desk under normal operating position is identical.When being in its position closed together (Fig. 6), between fixed punch 2 (and film 6) and movable punch 3, form die cavity 4, the ceramic material that is atomizing earth form is loaded in this die cavity 4 under pressure or by suction.When two

punching machines

2 and 3 closer to each other to certain standoff distances so that form when having the die cavity 4 of 1.5 times the thickness that is approximately the required thickness of final plate (Fig. 6), carry out this filling.

Described ceramic material is known type and can be for example crude pottery, porcelain, opal glass or the like, its reduced one-tenth atomized powder.Atomized powder is loaded by known method.

In this example, load that the slit 60 (Fig. 6) of formation carries out by in position closed together the time.At loading days, die cavity 4 is under the vacuum by known aspirator effect, two relative hole 61 suction airs of this known aspirator by being arranged in the ring 5 and being communicated with die cavity 4 in being in the close position are so that extract the air that is present in the die cavity 4 out.

When loading is finished, the movable punch 3 that is preferably isostatic type carry out precharge to the pressure of about 280-300 crust so that isolate die cavity 4, and make the film 7 of the equipressure that rubber constitutes adhere to the powder that is present in the die cavity 4.During precharge, described die cavity remains in vacuum so that remove the air that is present in the powder that is loaded.When precharge finishes, by sending pressure fluid such as oil to, will be present in the die cavity 4, isolate and do not had the powder of air further to pressurize in the back of isobaric film 7, these ironed films 7 are along the intensity pressurized powder of all directions to equate.

Usually, finally adding under the gross pressure that is pressed in about 400 crust of this back, carry out.

Although the punching machine of preferred isostatic type obviously can use anisobaric punching machine.

Be applied to by punching machine 3 and be loaded into pressure on the powder in the die cavity 4 by known method and be convenient to by the inlaid work mode layout partly be introduced in the ceramic powders being present in the inside that the layout from film 6 on the film 6 is transferred to plate.In this, when this process finishes, combination with decorative surfaces do not have that the decoration of prior art often has the portion of increasing because color is introduced fully.

When pressurization finished, the not roasting plate that movable punch 3 is return and decorated was discharged from and is sent to trimming line, then when carrying out glazing, and drying or roasting before final glazing.In this manner, the decoration on the plate of completion is positioned at the glaze below fully.

According to the present invention, in order easily to obtain visually attractive decoration, color is put on film by the screen print printing, the screen print printing process is known so only mentions hereinafter.

Especially, decorating film is each through being used to carry a kind of specific color with the pre-determined number known flat screen print printing machine of process by continuous, and this color was carried out drying before applying the next one.

When applying required all of desirable layout and finish through number of times, film 6 stands evaporation process, and promptly it is exposed under the steam, and steam makes that the screen print printing slurry experience on the film 6 is wetting and enters liquid state basically.

This allows during plate forms transfer printing layout better, and slurry partly keeps adhering to film 6 because it prevents the screen print printing.

As the replacement scheme of above-mentioned cold transfer printing, the color powder can add the thermal fusible carrier with cerul and mix.In this case, neither need each color do not need again through later drying subsequently color apply when finishing and layout be needed on plate before thin evaporated film 6 because the wax that is contained in the thermal fusible carrier prevents that powder from keeping being attached on the film 6.And the powder of thermal fusible can carry out the screen print printing one by one continuously.

Preferably, film 6 is formed by resilient silicone or polyurethane material.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, lead to the productivity ratio of further improvement press 1, use the suitable supporting and the conveying device of enerally designated 8 to come shift(ing) ring 5 and film 6.

Show the supporting and the conveying device 8 that are used for single press for the sake of simplicity, described supporting and conveying device 8 are the form of carriage 9, described carriage 9 can slide a pair of being arranged on two closed slides 10 on the corresponding column 11 vertically, and two pairs can be flatly be arranged on two pairs of slide blocks 12 that fixedly slide on the track 13 on the transverse arm at two pairs and be fixed on the described column 11.

Fixedly transverse arm is parallel to the direction that movable punch 3 moves and flatly is provided with, so that be positioned at the general outline outside of

punching machine

2,3.

Basically, carriage 9 can be realized along the vertical motion of guider 10 with along the horizontal movement of track 13.

Carriage 9 is supporting a pair of upper and lower coupling arrangement (Fig. 1), and each coupling arrangement is detachably keeping encircling 5 and film 6.In this example, described coupling arrangement is the form of magnetic holder clamping system, comprises doing for two pivoting to two parallel bars 15 from the outstanding horizontal cell 16 of carriage 9, and each bar 15 has one at its free end and connects magnet 16.

Can use the unshowned clamping system that utilizes mechanical clamp as the replacement scheme of above-mentioned supporting and conveying device.

When operation, the supporting and conveying device 8 act in such a way: suitable supply system will encircle 5 and the decoration film 6 be placed on the coupling arrangement, should go up coupling arrangement and attract two from encircling 5 the outstanding relative clamping element 50 in edge by magnet 16, wherein this supply system is not shown for the sake of simplicity, and works so that can not constitute obstacle above punching

machine

2,3 in this example.

When ring 5 and film 6 when having loaded, carriage 9 to lower slider so that make film 6 consistent with shaping mould.After the vertical motion of carriage 9 suspended, operation press 1 was so that make isostatic movable punch 3 move to form die cavity towards fixed punch 2, and the ceramic material of atomizing injects this die cavity.

When advancing, isostatic movable punch 3 drags carrying encircles 5 carriage 9, and this carriage 9 slides so that make film 6 against fixed punch 2 along track 13, wherein encircles 5 quilts by the form of self separating with magnet 16 is inhaled on fixed punch 2.

Alternately, ring 5 can be installed by machinery or pneumatic control, and does not rely on the motion of movable punch 3.

At the moment, arrive position closed together, wherein define die cavity 4 in case fill with the atomizing ceramic powders.

For shape and then the improvement ceramic powders subsequently of optimizing die cavity 4 loads, form vacuum by the composition porous material that before loading ceramic powders, utilizes fixed punch 2 and make film 6 adhere to fixed punch 2 fully.

When arrival is used to load the optimum position of described die cavity, inject ceramic material so that form the plate of decoration of the present invention according to prior art.

With with the above-mentioned ceramic material of model loading the time, the last coupling arrangement that carriage 9 will not have the ring 5 of film 6

returns punching machine

2,3 tops so that receive the ring 5 of the new film that has decoration 6, and the lower link device is brought to the level of die cavity 4 simultaneously.

When load finishing, isobaric punching machine 3 in die cavity at high pressure lower compression powder till obtaining the not roasting plate of decorating.

Isostatic movable punch 3 is return from fixed punch 2 then, and the magnet 16 of lower link device is return the ring that has film 65 that has just used.

Carriage 9 moves downward vertically so that bring the ring 5 of the new film that has decoration 6 according to shaping mould then.

Moving downward when this comprises the lower link device that carrying the ring 5 that has used film 6 away from punching

machine

2,3, this ring 5 and film 6 must be thrown off.

Throw off the ring 5 that has film 6 for the ease of magnet 16 from the lower link device, use is positioned at the relative arched rib 17 of the pair of parallel of bottom, described arched rib 17 is arranged to and a pair of wheel 18 cooperatings that are associated with bar 15, so that topple ring 5 and used film 6.

Basically, when the ring 5 that will have a film 6 of decoration when last coupling arrangement was loaded onto shaping mould, the lower link device moved downward to slide along rib 17 up to wheel 18 and has the ring 5 of the film of having used 6 so that make pivotally supported bar 15 turn to carriage 9 and topple.At this, the ring 5 that has the film of having used 6 is passed to unshowned suitable extractor, and this extractor is back to them with the film of supply system cooperating and decorates the station.

Above-mentioned circulation repeats so that form the goods of each decoration.

Therefore, last coupling arrangement is obtained the ring 5 that has the film of having decorated 6 and they is brought to shaping mould, and simultaneously after goods form, the lower link device is taken the ring 5 that has the film of having used 6 away and they are shifted to extractor.

Whole process of production and the motion of following thereof can easily be controlled automatically, have therefore reduced plate and have formed and trimming cost.

If the press punching machine adopts vertical mutual motion, then use different supportings and conveying device to move the ring 5 that has film 6.

Can be clear by specification, method and the press that is used for forming simultaneously with decorating ceramic articles according to the present invention satisfied requirement and overcome this specification foreword with reference to the described shortcoming of prior art.

In this respect, because the decoration of cosmetic side and the formation of goods carries out simultaneously, so total time and then cost are greatly reduced.

Method of the present invention and press can also be realized following advantage: obtain aesthetic exhilarating decoration, produce very glossiness product and almost three-dimensional effect because it penetrates ceramic substrate material at least in part; Decorate any surface and be not subjected to the restriction of shape,, and be not subjected to the restriction of available color no matter be shallow burr or high burr.

The more important of can not ignore is by the wearability increase of the decoration of method of the present invention and press acquisition and the increase of acidproof aggressivity, decorates to obtain below glaze.

Those skilled in the art can carry out many improvement and modification so that satisfy specific may requiring to described method and press, yet they are included in the protection scope of the present invention that is limited by following claims.

Claims

1. method that is used for forming simultaneously with decorating ceramic articles may further comprise the steps:

A) preparation press (1), described press (1) is provided with first punching machine (2) and second punching machine (3), described first punching machine (2) and second punching machine (3) can move between spaced position and position closed together mutually, wherein, define die cavity (4) on position closed together;

B) framework (5) suction that will be provided with the film (6) of elastically deformable is gone up so that be positioned at described die cavity (4) at first punching machine (2), and described film (6) divides the decorated material in ground to cover at that upper lateral part towards second punching machine (3);

C) press (1) is urged to described position closed together, simultaneously framework (5) is remained on first punching machine (2);

D) ceramic material is loaded in the described die cavity (4) and make its through by compression so that form goods, film (6) is between first punching machine (2) and ceramic material, so that make ornament materials directly be transferred to ceramic material from film (6);

E) make described press (1) be back to its spaced position and withdraw from the ceramic and the framework (5) of decoration.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described first punching machine (2) is formed by porous material.

3. method according to claim 2, wherein, before described step c), that utilizes that the vacuum that applies by described first punching machine (2) makes film (6) is not adhered to first punching machine (2) with that side of ornament materials.

4. method according to claim 1, wherein, described second punching machine (3) is an isostatic type.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein, described second punching machine (3) is by being injected into pressure fluid elastic wall back performing step d) described compression.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described ornament materials comprises ceramic paint.

7. method according to claim 6, wherein, described ceramic paint puts on film (6) by the screen print printing.

8. method according to claim 7, wherein, the described ceramic paint that is applied to film (6) is inhaled the processing that stood strand steam before first punching machine (2) is gone up at described framework (5).

9. method according to claim 1, wherein, the described ceramic material that loads in step d) is the form of atomized powder.

10. method according to claim 1 wherein, at the ceramic material loading days of step d), places described die cavity (4) under the vacuum by extracting the air that comprises in the ceramic material out.

11. method according to claim 1, wherein, the ceramic material of step d) is compressed in the pressure of about 400 crust and realizes down.

12. method according to claim 1, wherein, the ceramic of the described decoration that is produced by step e) stands final glazing treatment and is positioned at the glaze below so that make to decorate.

13. system that is used for forming simultaneously with decorating ceramic articles, comprise press, described press comprises first punching machine (2) and second punching machine (3), described first punching machine (2) and second punching machine (3) can move between spaced position and position closed together mutually, wherein, on position closed together, define die cavity (4); The film of elastically deformable (6); Be used for the device of described film (6) suction at described first punching machine (2), it is characterized in that: described film (6) is supported by framework (5), the device that is used to hold described framework (5) and keeps described framework (5) to align with described first punching machine (2) and second punching machine (3) on position closed together is provided, so that make described film be positioned at described die cavity (4), compression is used to form the ceramic material of the goods of decoration in described die cavity.

14. system according to claim 13, wherein, described first punching machine (2) is formed by porous material.

15. system according to claim 14, wherein, exhausting system and described first punching machine (2) link so that form vacuum between described first punching machine (2) and suction film (6) thereon.

16. system according to claim 13, wherein, described second punching machine (3) is an isostatic type.

17. system according to claim 13, wherein, described film (6) is formed by resilient silicone or polyurethane material.

18. system according to claim 13, wherein, be used for the described device that described film (6) is inhaled on described first punching machine (2) is comprised carriage (9), described carriage (9) both can be along perpendicular to punching machine (2,3) direction of the direction of motion again can be along being parallel to punching machine (2,3) direction of the direction of motion is slided, described carriage (9) comprises first and second coupling arrangements, described first coupling arrangement is arranged for the film (6) of obtaining decoration and brings it into die cavity (4), described second coupling arrangement be arranged for from described die cavity (4) take the film (6) used away and with its band to extractor.

19. system according to claim 18, wherein, described first and second coupling arrangements comprise the clamping system of magnet (16) type.

20. system according to claim 18, wherein, described second coupling arrangement is provided with a pair of wheel the (18), and described wheel the (18) is arranged to a pair of arched rib (17) cooperating that is positioned at the press bottom so that toppled film (6) before film (6) is passed to extractor.