CN100581601C

CN100581601C - Safety shield for medical needles

Info

Publication number: CN100581601C
Application number: CN200480009047A
Authority: CN
Inventors: F·马克·弗格森; J·斯诺; R·巴鲁斯; D·史密斯; D·索恩; C·巴格莱; D·索洛蒙
Original assignee: Specialized Health Products Inc
Current assignee: Specialized Health Products Inc
Priority date: 2003-04-08
Filing date: 2004-04-05
Publication date: 2010-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 2024-04-05
Also published as: NZ541827A; CN1767867A

Abstract

A medical needle shield apparatus is provided that includes a needle hub having an outer needle cannula extending therefrom. An inner needle is disposed for slidable movement with the outer needle cannula. At least one shield is extensible from a retracted position to an extended position to enclose a distal end of the inner needle. The shield includes a binding member disposed within the shield and defines binding surfaces that form an aperture configured for slidable receipt of the inner needle. The binding member includes at least one drag inducing member that engages the inner needle during slidable receipt to create a drag force. The drag force facilitates rotation of the binding member such that the binding surfaces engage the inner needle to prevent slidable movement. The binding member further includes a needle communicating surface extending therefrom that engages the inner needle to prevent rotation of the binding member.

Description

The security protection thing of medical needles

The cross reference of related application

Present patent application is that the serial number of being submitted to United States Patent (USP) trademark office on April 8th, 2003 by people such as Ferguson is 10/409, the part of U.S.'s application for a patent for invention of 819 continues, it is that the serial number of being submitted to United States Patent (USP) trademark office in 17th in December in 2002 by people such as Ferguson is 10/322, the part of U.S.'s application for a patent for invention of 288 continues, its serial number that requires to be submitted to United States Patent (USP) trademark office on November 7th, 2002 by people such as Bagley is 60/424,655 U.S. Provisional Patent Application, and the serial number of being submitted to United States Patent (USP) trademark office on July 23rd, 2002 by people such as Ferguson is 10/202, the priority of U.S.'s application for a patent for invention of 201, it is that the serial number of being submitted to United States Patent (USP) trademark office March 15 calendar year 2001 by people such as Ferguson is 09/809, the part of U.S.'s application for a patent for invention of 357 continues, and the full content of each of these disclosure contents is incorporated herein by reference.

Technical background

1, technical field

This disclosure content relates generally to the security protection thing that is used for medical needles, relates in particular to the security protection thing of the needle point of protection medical needles.

2, background technology

At blood-sample withdrawal, relate in the field of the medical procedures of using medical needles via the drug injection of skin and other, the problem relevant with undesigned acupuncture is well known.Because the exposure sensitivity that exposes with the pathogen of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), hepatitis and other serious blood propagation now, very Duo attention concentrates on the needle stick problems.

The process of taking out pin in the patient body requires the professional to use a hands to push in the wound of extracting pin out usually, takes out needle device with the another hands simultaneously.For the nursing staff, common convention is preferentially to nurse the sick, rather than handles pin.In the needle device that does not typically have the security protection thing, the available needle point container of being convenient to is arranged near this preecedence requirement, perhaps need another not leave patient and the instrument of safe handling at one's side.Sufficient nursing is provided when following security procedure, and often the physical qualification and the mental status owing to patient becomes more complicated, for example in chamber and the psychosis ward of burning.Under these situations, when nursing, be difficult to correctly handle used pin.

Produce numerous devices with pin nursing and handle problems relevant universal knowledege and history, be used for preventing unexpected acupuncture.The problem of existing safety device comprises: because the use that their complexity and number of spare parts cause is difficult and expensive.

In some medical procedure, the clinician wishes to detect the fluid of flash back in the needle stand.Therefore, known medical needles shield device can not adapt to the sufficient observation of convection cell flash back.

Other known devices is used sheath, its be spring actuated, flexible, pivot or the like.Yet these devices might not launched unfriendly or be difficult to actuate.The shortcoming of existing apparatus also comprises the high production cost that causes owing to complexity and number of spare parts.Therefore, these types of prior-art devices are not enough to and shield medical needle apparatus reliably, to prevent hazardous exposure.

In some medical procedure, wish the security protection thing of maintenance to needle stand.Wish also to prevent that pin security protection thing is in operation with prepare the displacement that becomes between the operating period.For example, when the medical needle device of some type is removed sheath, prevent that it is important that pin security protection thing breaks away from from needle stand.

So, still need by overcoming the unfavorable and shortcoming of prior art, for the pin safety device provides more satisfied solution.Therefore, be desirable to provide more abundant and more reliable medical needle shield apparatus, this equipment uses and can slide and mobile security protection thing along medical needles, thereby prevents the hazardous exposure to needle point.Such pin preventer will be easy to and move reliably, thus the needle point of protection needle cannula.In addition, be desirable to provide the pin preventer of the sufficient observation that allows the convection cell flash back.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, this disclosure content solves the needs of medical needle shield apparatus, and this equipment effectively and is at an easy rate protected the needle point of the medical needles after the use.This disclosure content has solved the relevant unfavorable and shortcoming that has in this area.More precisely, in the field of safety needle device, equipment of the present invention and method are much progresses.

In a special embodiment,, provide a kind of medical needle shield apparatus according to the principle of this disclosure content.Medical needle shield apparatus comprises needle stand, and this needle stand has outer needle cannula, outer needle cannula from needle stand to remote extension.Interior pin is set to move slidably for outer needle cannula.At least one shield can extend to the far-end of extended position with pin in sealing from retracted position.This shield comprises confining part, and confining part is arranged in the shield, and defines attachment surface, and attachment surface forms eyelet, pin in this eyelet is configured to receive between retracted position and extended position slidably.

Confining part comprises at least one traction actuation member, make in receiving slidably during the pin, thereby the interior pin of this member engages produces internal pin pull strength.Pull strength promotes the longitudinal axis rotation of confining part with respect to interior pin, makes attachment surface engage interior pin and moves slidably with the extended position of pin in preventing at shield.Confining part also comprises the pin communicating surface from its extension, makes this pin communicating surface to engage with interior pin, to prevent the confining part rotation.Keeper laterally extends from the pin communicating surface, to engage with needle stand releasedly.

Between unconfinement orientation and constraint orientation, confining part is rotatable with respect to interior pin longitudinal axis; In the unconfinement orientation, interior pin with respect to confining part slidably, and in the constraint orientation, attachment surface engages with interior pin, thereby prevents interior pin slidably mobile at least one shield extended position.This confining part can comprise one or more outside arciform arms that extend to the pin communicating surface.

Interior pin may be attached to the handle that is used to handle it.Needle stand can limit the seat groove that is configured to catch-holder.Needle stand can be releasedly be installed together with the housing of at least one shield.Medical needle shield apparatus can also comprise a plurality of shields.

At least one traction actuation member can limit roughly and the aligned chamber of eyelet.The chamber is configured to receive slidably this pin to produce right pin pull strength.Confining part can comprise the aperture plate of general planar, and this aperture plate has the attachment surface that forms eyelet.At least one traction actuation member can comprise a pair of arm that extends from this aperture plate.This arm can have the end of curling that separates with this aperture plate.This arm can comprise deflectable member.

Shield can comprise housing, and this housing limits at least one barrier structure that extends from interior surface thereof.At least one barrier structure can engage with confining part, is used for confining part is pushed to the constraint orientation.Aperture plate can axially move so that at least one barrier structure that causes confining part to rotate to the constraint orientation engages with this.

Medical needle shield apparatus can also comprise the external shell that seals at least one shield.External shell supports this at least one shield, to move relative to rotation with it.This at least one shield can be supported by external shell by at least one bearing, to move relative to rotating.

In alternate embodiment, medical needle shield apparatus comprises shield, and this shield can extend to the far-end of extended position with needle cannula outside sealing from retracted position.This shield defines the probe guider that is configured to receive probe at its far-end.Probe structure is to move slidably with respect to the outer needles sleeve pipe.

In another embodiment, medical needle shield apparatus comprises needle stand, and needle stand has the outer needle cannula that extends to far-end from it.Interior pin is set to external needle cannula and moves slidably.Handle is attached to interior pin and defines the flash chamber that is communicated with interior pin.This flash chamber has the joint that promotes to be connected to medical apparatus.Shield can be installed to needle stand releasedly, and can extend to the far-end of extended position with pin in sealing from retracted position.Handle is set in abutting connection with shield.

In alternate embodiment, medical needle shield apparatus comprise needle stand and with this pin that is set together.At least one shield can extend to the far-end of extended position with anesthesia needle from retracted position.This confining part is arranged in the shield, and defines attachment surface, and attachment surface forms eyelet, and this eyelet is configured to receive pin slidably between retracted position and extended position.At least one holding element can be bonded between shield and the seat.This holding element can comprise the seat holding element that forms with shield, and this holding element is configured to engage releasedly the shield holding element that forms with seat.For example, holding element can be configured to the protuberance that radially extends from needle stand, and is suitable for releasedly engaging with groove in the shield.Alternatively, holding element can be configured to bayonet coupling, inclined-plane, ratchet, hasp, deformable geometry, friction joint, magnetic connection or aspirator.

In the medical needle shield apparatus of this embodiment, shield also comprises the sheath holding element from its extension.The sheath holding element has the releasable cooperation with sheath, makes the disengaging of sheath and sheath holding element not be disengaged the holding element between shield and seat.This sheath holding element for example can be configured to and sheath interference fit, snap fit or threaded engagement.

Medical needles shield described herein can be suitable for Seldinger pin, single wall introducer needle, Ku Ernande pin, biopsy needle, introducer needle, bone biopsy needle, huber needle, spinal needle, exterior dura pin, carefully bleeding pin or co-axial pin or similar pin uses.

In special embodiment, comprise having from the needle stand of the outer needle cannula of its extension and be set to the interior pin that external needle cannula moves slidably according to the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content.Shield can extend to extended position from retracted position, to seal the far-end of outer needle cannula.This shield defines the probe guider that is configured to receive probe at its far-end, and probe structure is that external needle cannula moves slidably.

The seat holding element forms with shield, and is configured to engage releasedly with the shield holding element that forms with needle stand.This shield comprises the confining part that is arranged in this shield.This confining part defines attachment surface, and attachment surface forms eyelet, needle cannula outside this eyelet is configured to receive between retracted position and extended position slidably.

Confining part comprises at least one traction actuation member, make during receiving outer needle cannula slidably, thereby the outer needle cannula of this traction actuation member joint produces the pull strength of external needle cannula.Pull strength promotes the longitudinal axis rotation of confining part with respect to outer needle cannula, makes attachment surface engage outer needle cannula and moves slidably at the extended position of shield to prevent outer needle cannula.Confining part also comprises the pin communicating surface from its extension, makes this pin communicating surface to engage with outer needle cannula, to prevent the confining part rotation.

In another embodiment, this disclosure content provide comprise needle stand and with the medical needle shield apparatus of this pin that is set together.This needle stand comprises the magnifier part, and it is configured to observe the fluid pin that flashes back out.At least one shield can extend to the far-end of extended position with anesthesia needle from retracted position.Confining part is arranged in the shield, and defines attachment surface, and attachment surface forms eyelet, pin in this eyelet is configured to receive between retracted position and extended position slidably.

In this embodiment, magnifier comprises arcual part, this arcual viewing area that defines, its refraction from the light of less focal zone to observe this focal zone enlargedly.Medical needle shield apparatus according to this embodiment can be configured to use with special seat as known in the art, for example, and single wall introducer needle stand, biopsy needle stand, thecal puncture needle stand or exterior dura needle stand.

Medical needles shield according to this embodiment can also comprise that at least one can be bonded on the holding element between shield and the seat.For example, a seat holding element can form with this shield, and is configured to engage releasedly with the shield holding element that forms with seat.

According to the special embodiment of the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content comprise have from its extend to far-end outer needle cannula needle stand and be set to the interior pin that external needle cannula moves slidably.Handle is attached to interior pin and defines the flash chamber that is communicated with interior pin.This flash chamber has the joint of being convenient to be connected to medical apparatus.

In special embodiment, magnifier is arranged in the needle stand, and is suitable for observing enlargedly the fluid flash back in the needle stand.Shield is installed to needle stand releasedly, and can extend to extended position from retracted position, with the far-end of pin in sealing.Handle is provided with in abutting connection with shield.The seat holding element that forms with shield is configured to engage releasedly with the shield holding element that forms with needle stand.

This shield comprises confining part, and confining part is arranged in the shield, and defines attachment surface.Attachment surface forms eyelet, pin in this eyelet is configured to receive between retracted position and extended position slidably.Confining part comprises at least one traction actuation member, make in receiving slidably during the pin, thereby the interior pin of this traction actuation member joint produces the pull strength of internal pin.Pull strength promotes the longitudinal axis rotation of confining part with respect to interior pin, makes attachment surface engage interior pin and moves slidably with the extended position of pin in preventing at shield.

Confining part also comprises the pin communicating surface from its extension, makes this pin communicating surface to engage with interior pin, to prevent the confining part rotation.The keeper member laterally extends from the pin communicating surface, to engage with the seat groove of needle stand releasedly.

In special embodiment, shield also comprises the sheath holding element from its extension.The sheath holding element provides the releasable cooperation with sheath, makes the disengaging of sheath and sheath holding element not be disengaged the holding element between shield and seat.

Description of drawings

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, from the detailed description of following exemplary embodiment, will more fully understand aforementioned and further feature and advantage of the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the perspective view according to a special embodiment of the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content principle;

Fig. 2 be medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1 shield the unconfinement orientation, the isolating profile perspective of housing parts;

Fig. 3 shows the profile perspective of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 4 be medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1 shield the constraint orientation, the isolating profile perspective of housing parts;

Fig. 5 is a shield shown in Figure 4 profile perspective in latched position;

Fig. 6 is the enlarged perspective of the confining part of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 7 is the enlarged perspective of the housing parts of shield shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 8 is the alternate profile perspective of shield shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 9 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of confining part shown in Figure 6;

Figure 10 is the enlarged perspective of another alternate embodiment of confining part shown in Figure 6;

Figure 11 is the enlarged perspective of another alternate embodiment of confining part shown in Figure 6;

Figure 12 is the profile perspective of shield shown in Figure 5, shows the alternate embodiment of friction member;

Figure 13 is the profile perspective of shield shown in Figure 12, shows another embodiment of friction member;

Figure 14 is the profile perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1, has additional seat support member;

Figure 15 is the profile perspective of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1, shows the alternate embodiment of this shield;

Figure 16 is the profile perspective of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1, has outer rotatable housing;

Figure 17 is the profile perspective of the amplification of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16, has removed housing parts;

Figure 18 is the perspective view of housing parts shown in Figure 17;

Figure 19 is the enlarged perspective of the axle of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16;

Figure 20 is the profile perspective that the part of the alternate embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16 separates;

Figure 21 is the profile perspective that the part of another alternate embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16 separates;

Figure 22 is the enlarged perspective of housing parts shown in Figure 21;

Figure 23 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16, has removed housing parts;

Figure 24 is the enlarged perspective of axle shown in Figure 23;

Figure 25 is the enlarged perspective of housing parts shown in Figure 23;

Figure 26 is the perspective view of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16 before actuating;

Figure 27 is the perspective view of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16 in actuation position;

Figure 28 is the profile perspective of another embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16, has removed housing parts;

Figure 29 is the enlarged perspective of the housing of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 28;

Figure 30 is the alternate perspective view of housing shown in Figure 29;

Figure 31 is the enlarged perspective of external shell shown in Figure 28;

Figure 32 is the enlarged perspective of the confining part that uses with medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 28;

Figure 33 is the perspective view with medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 16 of sheath;

Figure 34 is the perspective view according to the alternate embodiment of the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content;

Figure 35 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34;

Figure 36 is the profile perspective of amplification of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34;

Figure 37 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34, shows the joint between security protection thing holding element and seat holding element;

Figure 38 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34, and the part that shows between security protection thing holding element and seat holding element breaks away from;

Figure 39 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34, and the part that shows between security protection thing holding element and seat holding element breaks away from;

Figure 40 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34, shows the disengaging between security protection thing holding element and seat holding element;

Figure 41 is the perspective view of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34, shows the pin shield of extension;

Figure 42 is the perspective view with the alternate embodiment of the similar medical protection equipment of embodiment shown in Figure 34, shows the pin shield of extension;

Figure 43 is the perspective view according to the alternate embodiment of the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content;

Figure 44 is the profile perspective of the amplification of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment as shown in figure 43;

Figure 45 is the perspective view according to the alternate embodiment of the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content;

Figure 46 is and the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of the similar medical protection equipment of embodiment shown in Figure 34, shows the sheath with sheath holding element;

Figure 47 is the perspective view of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 34, shows the sheath holding element;

Figure 48 is the enlarged perspective of the alternate embodiment of medical protection equipment shown in Figure 46, shows the sheath that breaks away from from the sheath holding element;

Figure 49 is the enlarged perspective according to the seat of the medical protection equipment with magnifier part of alternate embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 50 is the profile perspective according to the amplification of the seat of the alternate embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 49;

Figure 51 is the sectional view according to the seat of the alternate embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 49;

Figure 52 is the perspective view of another embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 46;

Figure 53 is the perspective view that the part of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 52 separates;

Figure 54 is the cross-section profile perspective view of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 52;

Figure 55 is the perspective view of another embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 52;

Figure 56 is the partial cross section perspective view of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 55;

Figure 57 is the perspective view that the part of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 55 separates;

Figure 58 is the perspective view of another embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 1;

Figure 59 is the perspective view that the part of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 58 separates;

Show the housing shown in Figure 59 Figure 60 partial cross section;

Figure 61 is the perspective view of another embodiment of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 46;

Figure 62 is the cross-sectional perspective view of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 61;

Figure 63 is the perspective view that the part of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 61 separates;

Figure 64 is the profile perspective of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 61; And

Figure 65 is the perspective view that the part of medical needle shield apparatus shown in Figure 61 separates.

The specific embodiment

IV fluid injects according to being used for, medicine injects or medical needles and other pin of fluid acquisition, the guiding of biopsy needle for example, especially according to the pin preventer that uses with needle cannula, it prevents that dangerous needle point from exposing, for example comprise undesigned acupuncture, the medical needle shield apparatus of disclosure and the exemplary embodiment of operational approach are discussed.Yet, can predict: this disclosure content waits until that for being used to inject preventative medicament, medicine, therapeutic agent the trocar of object and device have extensive use, for example, exterior dura pin, spinal needle, biopsy needle, Chiba pin, Bo Teshi Ku Ernande pin, coaxial introducer needle, Y-site etc.

Also can predict: can use this disclosure content to come collection of body fluids and/or tissue, be included in process biopsy of soft tissue, biopsy of bone, blood-letting, digestion, intestinal, that urinary system, veterinary etc. are relevant during those body fluid and/or the tissue gathered.Can expect: medical needle shield apparatus can be used with other medical needles and use, and these application include but not limited to: fluid injection, fluid acquisition, catheter, catheter introducer, guide line introducer, biopsy needle introducer, vertebra and cerebral dura mater, biopsy, come off, dialysis, blood donor, Veress pin, huber needle etc.

In the following discussion, term " near-end " refers to the more close clinician's of structure part, and term " far-end " refers to the part away from the clinician.As used herein, term " object " refers to and uses medical needle shield apparatus to come its injection or carry out the patient of blood, body fluid and/or tissue sampling.According to this disclosure content, term " clinician " refers to and implements to inject, carries out body fluid or tissue sampling, installs or remove the individual of needle cannula from medical needle shield apparatus, and can comprise the paraprofessional personnel.

The description that comprises medical needle shield apparatus below is discussed, and is to the description of operation according to the method for the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content subsequently.In detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment of this disclosure content, be described in the accompanying drawings now.

Forward accompanying drawing now to, wherein in several views, same part is indicated with identical Reference numeral.At first with reference to figure 1-8, wherein show medical needle shield apparatus according at least one embodiment structure of the principle of this disclosure content.Medical needle shield apparatus comprises shield 300, and it can extend to extended position (Fig. 4) from retracted position (Fig. 1), thereby seals for example far-end 314 of the pin of the stylet 316 of needle assembly.In the position of indentation, shield 300 is set to the needle stand 332 in abutting connection with outer pin 317.

In illustrative embodiment, needle assembly comprises hollow outer pin 317.As will be discussed, stylet 316 can be set together slidably and with one heart with pin 317, therewith uses during using in medical needles.Stylet handle 318 is connected to stylet 316 so that to its manipulation.Also can expect and for example comprise needle cannula, guide line/introducer etc. by other needle assembly.

In different pins, stylet is generally used for preventing to organize coring.The stylet material generally includes rustless steel and polypropylene.There is the possibility of needle stick injury in rustless steel die pin.Though it is there is not the possibility of needle stick injury in polypropylene, flexible excessive and can not use as the clinical feasible stylet in the less pin of diameter.Therefore, predict such embodiment, it uses rigidity characteristic near stainless polymer.Yet, the tip feature of these embodiment for not sharp and can not to rustless steel cause like that acupuncture may.The polymer that is fit to this purpose includes but not limited to: PEEK (polyether-ether-ketone), polysulfones, PEI (Polyetherimide), polyamide and similar polymer.

Confining part 364 is arranged in the shield 300, and defines attachment surface 368.Attachment surface 368 forms eyelet 366, and this eyelet is configured to receive slidably stylet 316 between retracted position and extended position.Confining part 364 comprises the traction actuation member, for example from the friction member 362 of its extension.Confining part 364 has pin communicating surface 372, and pin communicating surface 372 can engage with stylet 316, to prevent confining part 364 rotations.

Friction member 362 is configured to be slidably engaged in the stylet 316 between retracted position and the extended position, makes friction member 362 engage with stylet 316, to produce the pull strength to stylet 316.Can predict: can use one or more friction members 362.

Pull strength causes confining part 364 to move to constrained (Figure 4 and 5) together with one of barrier structure 340 and/or 342.Work on the opposite direction of pull strength by barrier structure 340 and/or 342 power that produce.This has produced the couple that confining part 364 is moved to constrained.

When stylet 316 from the engaging of pin communicating surface 372 when discharging, confining part 364 and keeper 414 move to constrained.The rotation of confining part 364 no longer is hampered by engaging at pin communicating surface 372 places and stylet 316.Therefore, the confining part 364 with keeper 414 can tilt to enter constrained.The rotation of confining part 364 causes attachment surface 368 and stylet 316 frictional engagement, thereby prevents that it from moving.

When the power on being applied to shield 300 caused its either direction along longitudinal axis x to relatively move, barrier structure 340 and/or 342 caused confining part 364 to move to constrained.This remains on stylet 316 in the shield 300, to avoid the hazardous exposure of far-end 314.Can predict: pin communicating surface 372 can comprise rib, projection, chamber etc., be used for engaging with stylet 316, or the part of pin communicating surface 372 engages with stylet 316.

Shield 300 comprises the housing 312 that seals confining part 364.In illustrative embodiment, housing 312 comprises housing first 328 and housing second portion 330.Can predict: can construct housing parts 328,330 with for example different modes such as rectangle, sphere, and form different size.It is also envisioned that: can connect housing parts 328,330 by any suitable technology, for example by methods such as snap fit, binding agent, solvent welded, thermal weld, ultrasonic bonding, screw, rivets.Alternatively, housing 312 can form or the integral body assembling of many housing parts with monolithic, and can be roughly transparent or opaque etc.Housing parts 328,330 can comprise rib, protuberance etc., so that handle medical needle shield apparatus.

Needle stand 332 is installed together with pin 317.By engaging releasedly with keeper 414, needle stand 332 is installed together with shield 300 releasedly.Needle stand 332 has the seat groove 424 that is used to receive and engage with confining part 364.Needle stand 332 can also comprise security protection thing holding element (not shown), is used for for example engaging releasedly with shield 300 by engaging with 300 bonded holding element (not shown)s of shield.The example of the joint element that is fit to includes but not limited to: bayonet coupling, inclined-plane, ratchet, hasp, deformable geometry, friction joint, aspirator, magnetic connect and like.

According to the needs that special medical needles is used, needle stand 332 uses together with the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content that is used for different purposes.Shield 300 and needle stand 332 are supported on use therein pin 317 and stylet 316 slidably.Handle 318 is convenient to its manipulation.

In illustrative embodiment, needle stand 332 also comprises finger sheet 405, is used for promoting needle stand 332 along longitudinal axis x away from the direction of shield 300.This is configured in, and medical needles is convenient to needle stand 332 in using and pin 317 is removed and used from shield 300.Can expect: finger sheet 405 can should be used for alternatively constructing and definite size according to pin.In at least one embodiment, seat 332 also comprises the magnifier part that is positioned at certain position, is used for direct observation fluid flash back after fluid is discharged pin 317.

The flange 404 of needle stand 332 is supported by the control surface 410 that the inner surface around housing 312 is provided with one heart.The outer surface 411 of control surface 410 joint flanges 404 is with releasedly to its support.Outer surface 411 can be with mode Engagement Control surfaces 410 such as frictional fit, interference engagement, to keep the location releasedly with respect to housing 312. and can expect: control surface 410 can engage the other parts of needle stand 332.It is also contemplated that: shield holding element (not shown) as described in the text can form the protuberance that for example radially extends from flange 404 with flange 404.The seat holding element that cooperates can form for example " L " shape groove in control surface 410.

In illustrative embodiment, housing 312 comprises that seat stops surface 412, and it promotes needle stand 332 with respect to housing 312 location.During needle stand 332 was installed together with respect to housing 312 and with housing 312, seat stopped surface 412 and prevents that needle stand 332 from moving to near-end.Seat stops the needs that surface 412 promotes that advantageously the special medical needles of basis is used, and the degree of housing 312 is inserted in control.Can use one or more seats to stop surface 412.Can expect: seat stops surface 412 can comprise spring, clip etc., to promote and needle stand 332 attachments.It is also contemplated that: seat holding element (not shown) as noted before can stop surface 412 with seat and for example form and stop surface 412 protuberances that extend radially inwardly from seat.The shield holding element (not shown) that cooperates can form for example " L " shape groove in flange 404.

Keeper 414 laterally extends from the far-end of pin communicating surface 372.Seat keeper 414 extends enough length with in the seat groove 424 that receives needle stand 332 accordingly.Interrelate with the unrestricted of confining part 364 or the orientation of sliding, engage needle stands 332 in the keeper 414 present grooves 424, to be installed together with the housing 312 of shield 300 releasedly.

According to special medical application and/or clinician's preference, the parts of medical needle shield apparatus can be made by the material that is suitable for medical application, for example metal such as polymer or rustless steel.Can expect: semi-rigid and rigidity polymer and the elastomeric material such as molded medical grade polypropylene are used for making.Yet those skilled the in art will appreciate that: according to this disclosure content, other material that is suitable for assembling and producing and manufacture method also are suitable.

Can expect: outer pin 317 can also comprise flexible polymer material, and the parts of this medical needle apparatus can use with other pin and use, and for example, conduit, leading line introducer are such as the Seldinger pin etc.

Confining part 364 can form by monolithic, and comprises aperture plate 365, friction member 362, end sensing member 371, pin communicating surface 372 and keeper 414.Can expect: confining part 364 can comprise one or more friction members 362.As will be discussed, that aperture plate 365 has is orthogonal, be generally planar structure with enough hardness, to produce the power of constraint stylet 316.Can predict: aperture plate 365 can have arcuate surfaces, waveform surface etc.It is also envisioned that: according to the requirement of special application, aperture plate 365 can have hardness in various degree.

Friction member 362 can form with confining part 364 monolithics, and extends from the aperture plate related with it 365, to aim at and to engage with stylet 316 with eyelet 366.Each friction member 362 can comprise flexible arm 363, and flexible arm separates, so that be sliding engaged to stylet 316.Such joint has produced the frictional traction to stylet 316.This frictional traction causes confining part 364 to move with stylet 316 together with one of barrier structure 340 and/or 342, and this has produced tilting force, and causes aperture plate 365 to tilt.Tilting force and 364 rotations of inclined push confining part.Can expect: can use single friction member.It is also contemplated that: friction member 362 can have flexible portion, and according to the special needs that pin is used, it can have different flexibilities.

Because what be subjected to that stylet 316 moves actuates, tilting force causes the leverage or the moment of end sensing member 371, and it resist, to prevent confining part 364 rotations.Pin communicating surface 372 and stylet 316 engage the antagonism tilting force on the unconfinement of confining part 364 or slip orientation (Fig. 2).

End sensing member 371 from aperture plate 365 to far-end and be parallel to stylet 316 and extend.With respect to the plane that is limited by aperture plate 365, end sensing member 371 can be a perpendicular positioning.This perpendicular positioning is convenient to aperture plate 364 and is tilted, with constraint or the unconfinement orientation that is arranged on confining part 364.Can predict: end sensing member 371 can with 365 one-tenth different azimuth of aperture plate, and can be flexible and extendable from it.

The tilting force of the end sensing member 371 of stylet 316 is pointed in 372 antagonism of pin communicating surface.Friction member 362 produces tilting force together with one of barrier structure 340 and/or 342, and impels aperture plate 365 to tilt.Yet, because engaging of pin communicating surface 372 and stylet 316 on unconfinement or slip orientation, tilts to be hindered.When stylet 316 to near-end indentation and shield 300 during to remote extension, stylet 316 continues to engage with pin communicating surface 372 slidably.

When stylet 316 from the engaging of pin communicating surface 372 when discharging, as shown in FIG. 4, between friction member 362 and stylet 316, produce pull strength.As discussed, pull strength causes aperture plate 365 to move to constrained together with barrier structure 342.

The rotation of aperture plate 365 causes attachment surface 368 and stylet 316 frictional engagement, thereby prevents that it from moving.When the either direction along longitudinal axis x is applied to power on the shield 300, barrier structure 340,342 causes aperture plate 365 to move to constrained.This remains on stylet 316 in the shield 300, thereby avoids the hazardous exposure of far-end 314.

Barrier structure 340,342 can with one or all

housing parts

328 and 330 form, and be set to not interfere with stylet 316.Barrier structure 340,342 defines surperficial 340A, 342A respectively, and it is convenient to handle aperture plate 365 in the constraint orientation.

In aperture plate 365, form eyelet 366, with at shield 300 during moving between retracted position and the extended position, engage stylet 316 slidably.Eyelet 366 is included in the attachment surface 368 that the opposite side of eyelet 366 forms, and it engages with stylet 316, to prevent its mobile at the extended position place of shield 300.Can expect: prevent joint that stylet 316 moves can comprise penetrate, rub, interference etc.Can predict: eyelet 366 can have different geometric constructions, for example radial, polygon etc.It is also envisioned that: eyelet 366 can limit atrium in aperture plate 365, for example be " U " shape, and opening is to one or more edges of aperture plate 365.

Aperture plate 365 by attachment surface 368, promotes the slip and the constraint of the stylet 316 in the shield 300 with respect to the inclination of longitudinal axis x, thereby prevents the hazardous exposure of far-end 314.For example, as shown in Figure 2, aperture plate 365 is positioned at the angle with respect to about 90 degree of longitudinal axis x, makes aperture plate 365 be approximately perpendicular to stylet 316 and is provided with.In this unconfinement or slip orientation, stylet 316 is free to slide in eyelet 366.When stylet 316 indentations and shield 300 extensions, stylet 316 continues to engage with pin communicating surface 372, and aperture plate 365 keeps its perpendicular positionings with respect to longitudinal axis x.

With reference to figure 5, handle shield 300, make friction member 362 cause confining part 364 to rotate with respect to longitudinal axis x together with barrier structure 342.Aperture plate 365 rotation, no longer with stylet 316 perpendicular alignmnets, make aperture plate 365 with respect to longitudinal axis x with the α angular orientation, with respect to the α angle of longitudinal axis x less than 90 degree.Can expect: can measure the α angle from the either side of aperture plate 365.

Aperture plate 365 rotates to the α angle, and confining part 364 is near the constraint orientation.Because the constraint orientation of aperture plate 365, this constraint orientation comprise engaging of attachment surface 368 and stylet 316.This is bonded on and produces constraint frictional force on the stylet 316, together with friction member 362 and barrier structure 340,342, preventing stylet 316, and far-end 314 is remained in the shield 300, thereby prevent its hazardous exposure with respect to shield 300 moving on far-end and proximal direction.

For example, as shown in Figure 2, shield 300 is positioned at retracted position, and stylet 316 extends fully.Confining part 364 and aperture plate 365 are positioned at unconfinement or slip orientation, make aperture plate 365 be approximately perpendicular to longitudinal axis x.Barrier structure 340,342 can engage with aperture plate 365, so that aperture plate 365 is remained on vertical orientations.Between stylet 316 extended peroids, barrier structure 340,342 also can keep such orientation, or can not engage with stylet 316.

When stylet 316 indentations and shield 300 extensions, as shown in Figure 5, by with stylet 316 engaging on confining part 364, friction member 362 produces pull strengths, causes aperture plate 365 counterclockwise to turn to constrained together with barrier structure 342.As discussing, barrier structure surface 340A, 342A engage with aperture plate 365, rotate to constrained to impel from the upright position, make attachment surface 368 engage with stylet 316.This structure prevents that stylet 316 from moving.

The frictional force that produces between attachment surface 368 and stylet 316 is impelled confining part 364 and stylet 316 constraints.When shield 300 was positioned at extended position, this frictional engagement prevented stylet 316 moving axially with respect to housing 312.This structure has advantageously prevented the hazardous exposure of stylet 316.Can expect: attachment surface 368 can comprise sharp edge, to strengthen frictional engagement.It is also contemplated that: according to the special needs of pin application, constraint frictional force can the factor by one or more variations form and change, and these factors comprise: the thickness of the structure of the structure of eyelet 366 and size, stylet 316 and size, aperture plate 365, from the contact point of barrier structure 340,342 to the size of the centrage of stylet 316 and the coefficient of friction eyelet 366 and the stylet 316.

Can predict: can construct friction member 362, feasible tilt variation along with aperture plate 365 changes pull strength, change for how much of shape that can be by friction member 362, for example wedge shape or comprise the recess that engages with stylet 316 realizes the variation of pull strength.Also can change material or the coating such as oil, jelly, oils and fats that rubs, or the coating of increase frictional force realizes the variation of pull strength by using selectively.

When stylet 316 at proximal direction indentation and shield 300 when distal direction extends because the tilting force that friction member 362 produces, keeper 414 is with respect to longitudinal axis x (Fig. 4) rotation in the counterclockwise direction.Keeper 414 breaks away to discharge needle stand 332 from housing 312 from seat groove 424.The clinician can handle finger sheet 405 and operate needle stand 332 and leave shield 300 to far-end.Can expect: keeper 414 can be differently directed from pin communicating surface 372.It is also contemplated that: seat groove 424 differently sizing extends with the circumference around needle stand 332.Seat groove 424 can comprise and is used for the sheet that keeps with keeper 414 etc.

With reference to figure 9, show alternate embodiment with described similar confining part 364.Aperture plate 565 has polygon geometric construction and end sensing member 571, and end sensing member 571 is extended abreast at the direction and the stylet 316 of uniform axle.Pin communicating surface 572 is laterally extended with the chamber 523 of bridge joint between the arm of end sensing member 571.With described similar, confining part 364 comprises keeper 514, and keeper 514 extends to engage with seat groove 424.Friction member 562 laterally extends from aperture plate 365.Friction member 562 comprises curling composition surface, is used for engaging with stylet 316.

With reference to Figure 10, show another alternate embodiment with those described similar confining parts 364.End sensing member 671 is axially extended from aperture plate 665, and keeper 614 laterally extends from it.Friction member 662 is set in abutting connection with attachment surface 668.As here describing, friction member 662 from aperture plate 665 with arcuate formations deflection, to engage stylet 316 slidably and to produce pull strength.Confining part 364 has pin communicating surface 672, and pin communicating surface 672 can engage with stylet 316 to prevent confining part 364 rotations.

With reference to Figure 11, show another embodiment with those described similar confining parts 364.End sensing member 771 is axially extended from aperture plate 765, and keeper 714 laterally extends from it.Friction member 762 has the orthogonal structure that is installed together with aperture plate 765.Friction member 762 defines and eyelet 766 aligned openings.Described similar with those, the attachment surface 668 of the opening of friction member 762 and eyelet 766 engages stylet 316 slidably to produce the pull strength to it.Confining part 364 has pin communicating surface 772, and pin communicating surface 772 can engage with stylet 316 to prevent confining part 364 rotations.

As shown in figure 12, in alternate embodiment, confining part 364 comprises the nearside that is separately positioned on aperture plate 365 and the friction member that separates 862 on the distally.Friction member 862 is rings of frictional fit, and it allows stylet 316 to slide with respect to it, and with discussed similar, provide frictional traction by engaging with stylet 316.When stylet 316 slips and friction member 862 conjugate foramen eye plates 365, produce pull strength.Friction member 862 conjugate foramen eye plates 365, and cause aperture plate 365 to be rotated counterclockwise together with barrier structure 340.As discussed, attachment surface 368 joint stylets 316 move axially to prevent stylet 316.Can expect: friction member 862 can be by such as material manufacture such as polymer, metals.

Alternatively, friction member 962 can form link or connect the monolithic elements of two members 964, as shown in figure 13.With discuss for Figure 12 similar, member 964 engages stylet 316 and aperture plate 365, to prevent moving axially of stylet 316.Can predict: with described similar, eyelet 366 can produce pull strength by engaging with stylet 316, to cause confining part 364 rotations.It is also envisioned that: can be used to produce frictional traction such as materials such as jelly, oils and fatss, to cause confining part 364 rotations to stylet 316.

In alternate embodiment, as shown in figure 14, housing 312 comprises seat support member 1020.Seat support member 1020 is received by needle stand 332, needle stand 332 and shield 300 is installed together advantageously being convenient to removably.Alternatively, as shown in figure 15, the control surface 410 of housing 312 can be cut down or eliminate.This structure allows seat support member 1020 by promoting the installation of needle stand 332 individually with its concentric relationship.

Refer again to Fig. 1-8, clinician's (not shown) control crank 318 make shield 300 be in retracted position (Fig. 2), and confining part 364 is in unconfinement or sliding position.Stylet 316 extends with respect to shield 300, makes needle stand 332 be installed together with housing 312 releasedly around pin 317 settings and needle stand 332.The clinician carries out the process of using medical needle shield apparatus with stylet 316 and pin 317, until finishing.

Stylet 316 near-end ground indentations make shield 300 extend towards extended position.As discussed, confining part 364 is in the position of unconfinement or slip, makes to slide stylet 316 joint pin communicating surface 372 and attachment surface 368 to impel by eyelet 366.

With reference to figure 5, when stylet 316 is skipped pin communicating surface 372, keeper 414 since the tilting force that engages formation with friction member 362 by stylet 316 freely rotate.When being blocked member 340,342 promotions, aperture plate 365 is rotated counterclockwise the inclination in correspondence constraint orientation from vertical orientation with respect to longitudinal axis x.Aperture plate 365 rotates to angle a with respect to longitudinal axis x.

Keeper 414 breaks away from from seat groove 424, makes needle stand 332 discharge from housing 312.Needle stand 332 can distally be operated by finger sheet 405.In constrained, attachment surface 368 engages stylet 316 to retrain and prevent that stylet 316 from moving axially in housing 312.Shield 300 is arranged on extended position, to prevent the hazardous exposure to far-end 314.

With reference to figure 16-19, show another alternate embodiment of medical needle safety apparatus.External knob element 1125 with handle element part 1129 is set to be used for rotation and encapsulation shield 300.External knob element 1125 is installed together with handle 318, and freely rotates with respect to shield 300 and stylet 316 in the extended position of shield 300.The relative rotation of external shell 1125 impels by the support at bearing opening 1127 in being formed on external shell 1125 and bearing opening 1130

places.Axle

1131,1131A rotatably are supported on respectively in the bearing opening 1130,1127.In constrained, bearing construction supports outer housing 1125 is with respect to the rotation of shield 300 and stylet 316.With those discuss similar, housing 312 comprises barrier structure 340,342.Stylet 316 by barrier structure 340,342 to move with respect to it slidably.Half part of axle 1131 from, make stylet 316 and keeper 414 to be arranged on wherein.

With reference to Figure 20, in alternate embodiment, housing 312 comprises the thrust ring 1132 that is installed to housing 312.The thrust pedestal 1133 of the correspondence of external knob element 1125 is configured to support moving to axial between thrust ring 1132 and control housing 312 and the external knob element 1125.Thrust ring 1132 is rotation freely in thrust pedestal 1133, externally tilts in the handle element 1125 to impel housing 312 rotations and restriction shield 300.Discussed above similar with those, alternatively, shown in Figure 21 and 37, external knob element 1125 comprises seat support member 1120.With discussed above similar, in another kind substituted, shown in Figure 23-25, the control surface 410 of housing 312 can be cut down or eliminate.Seat support member 1120 is connected to external shell 1125, so that the installation of needle stand 332 and housing 312 relation.

With reference to Figure 26, shield 300 at retracted position and confining part 364 at unconfinement or sliding position.Stylet 316 extends with respect to shield 300, makes far-end 314 stretch out pin 317.Needle stand 332 is installed together releasedly with housing 312.With reference to Figure 27, stylet 316 near-end ground indentations make shield 300 extend to extended position and confining part 364 is arranged on constrained.Discharge needle stand 332 from shield 300, and external shell 1125 is enclosed in the shield 300 of extended position.

This structure prevents the shield 300 longitudinal axis x rotation around stylet 316, makes confining part 364 not produce undesirably to rotate to engage to disturb to retrain with the protection of stylet 316.Therefore, reduced by manually deliberately abuse and make the probability of the protective construction inefficacy of shield 300 in the position of extending with abuse ground twisting shield 300.Can predict: can increase the length of opening 1127, make that the radial clearance restriction shield 300 between opening 1127 and the stylet 316 externally tilts in the handle element 1125.This structure prevents that shield 300 from radially contacting with external knob element 1125.

In another alternate embodiment, shown in Figure 28-32, medical needle shield apparatus comprises shield 1200, and is described similar with those, shield 1200 can extend to extended position from retracted position, with the far-end 1215 of the stylet 1216 of anesthesia needle assembly.Stylet 1216 is set together with the pin 1217 of needle assembly slidably and with one heart, therewith uses during using in medical needles.Stylet handle 1218 is connected to stylet 1216.

Confining part 1264 is arranged in the shield 1200 and defines attachment surface 1268.Attachment surface 1268 forms eyelet 1266.Confining part 1264 comprises the friction member 1262 from its extension.Confining part 1264 has pin communicating surface 1272, and pin communicating surface 1272 can engage with stylet 1216 to prevent confining part 1264 rotations.Described similar with those, friction member 1262 is configured to engage with the stylet 1216 that is between retracted position and the extended position slidably, makes friction member 1262 engage stylet 1216 so that stylet 1216 is produced pull strength.Shield 1200 comprises the housing 1212 that seals confining part 1264.

When stylet 1216 from the engaging of pin communicating surface 1272 when discharging, confining part 1264 and keeper 1214 move to constrained.The rotation of confining part 1264 causes attachment surface 1268 frictional engagement stylets 1216 to move to prevent it.Housing 1212 comprises barrier structure 1240 and/or 1242, and the power on being applied to shield 1200 causes it when any direction along longitudinal axis x relatively moves, and barrier structure 1240 and/or 1242 causes confining part 1264 to move to constrained.This maintains stylet 1216 in the shield 1200, to avoid the hazardous exposure to far-end 1214.

Confining part 1264 comprises aperture plate 1265, friction member 1262, end sensing member 1271, pin communicating surface 1272 and keeper 1214.As discussed, end sensing member 1271 comprises pair of arcuate arms, and it promotes the rotation of pin communicating surface 1272 and keeper 1214.

Friction member 1262 extends from aperture plate 1265, to aim at and to engage with stylet 1216 with eyelet 1266.Each friction member 1262 can comprise and aperture plate 1265 separated U-shaped arms.The U-shaped arm is separated promoting and is slidably engaged with stylet 1216.Such joint produces the frictional traction to stylet 1216.This frictional traction with barrier structure 1240 and/or 1242 one of them, cause confining part 1264 to move with stylet 1216, this has produced tilting force in keeper 1214, and causes aperture plate 1265 to tilt.Pin communicating surface 1272 opposing end sensing member 1271 are pointed to the tilting force of stylet 1216.

When stylet 1216 from the engaging of pin communicating surface 1272 when discharging, the rotation of aperture plate 1265 causes attachment surface 1268 frictional engagement stylets 1216 to move to prevent it.When power when any direction of longitudinal axis x is applied on the shield 1200,

barrier structure

1240,1242 causes aperture plate 1265 to move to constrained.This maintains stylet 1216 in the shield 1200, to avoid the hazardous exposure to far-end 1214.

When stylet 1216 indentations and shield 300 extensions, by with stylet 1216 engaging on confining part 1264, friction member 1262 produces pull strength, and causes aperture plate 1265 counterclockwise to turn to constrained together with barrier structure 1240.As discussing, barrier structure 1240A, 1242A engage with aperture plate 1265, rotate to constrained to impel it from the upright position, make attachment surface 1268 engage with stylet 1216.This structure prevents that stylet 1216 from moving.

Needle stand 1232 is installed together with pin 1217.By engaging releasedly with keeper 1214, needle stand 1232 is installed together releasedly with shield 1200.Needle stand 1232 has the seat groove 1224 that is used to receive and engage with keeper 1214.This structure is convenient to remove and use needle stand 1232 and pin 1217 from shield 1200 during medical needles is used.

Discuss as following, the flange of needle stand 1232 is supported with one heart by the control surface 1210 of external knob element 1225.Can expect: also can use the connection of other form.Control surface 1210 joint flanges 1204 are with releasedly to its support.Housing 1212 can comprise that promotion needle stand 1232 stops surface 1201 with respect to housing 1212 localized seats.

Keeper 1214 extends from pin communicating surface 1272, is used to be received in the seat groove 1224 of needle stand 1232.Interrelate with the unconfinement or the slip orientation of confining part 1264, keeper 1214 is provided with in the present groove 1224, to be installed together with shield 1200 releasedly.When stylet 1216 indentations and shield 1200 extensions, keeper 1214 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and breaks away from from seat groove 1224, thereby discharges needle stands 1232 from housing 1212.

External knob element 1225 is set to rotation and sealing shield 1200.External knob element 1225 is installed together with handle 1218, and rotates freely with respect to shield 1200 and stylet 1216 in the extended position of shield 1200.With those above describe similar, support member and the axle 1234 of the relative rotation of external shell 1225 by bearing opening 1233 places in being formed on external shell 1225 promotes.In constrained, comprise of the rotation of the bearing construction supports outer housing 1225 of at least one bearing with respect to shield 1200 and stylet 1216.

With reference to Figure 33, handle medical needle shield apparatus, make and holding handle 318, and remove removable sheath 428 from it.Sheath 428 removably is installed to needle stand 332 to wait parts that seal medical needle shield apparatus by friction, snap fit, interference engagement.

With reference now to Figure 34-45,, comprises the instrument that is used for releasedly the security protection thing being remained to the medical science needle stand according to another embodiment of the medical needle shield apparatus of this disclosure content.Shown in Figure 34-36, seat 1801 comprises security protection thing holding element 1802, and itself and the seat holding element on security protection thing 1804 interact.This interacts security protection thing 1804 is remained to seat 1801, up to intentionally being removed.Interaction can comprise that for example: bayonet coupling, inclined-plane, ratchet, hasp, deformable geometry, friction joint, suction, magnet or any suitable removable maintenance as known in the art are constructed.

The security protection thing can discharge from holding element 1818 by overcoming the interaction method.A structure shown in Figure 37-42 comprises bayonet coupling.This joint is by for example spin safe shield 1804 and overcome to remote extension security protection thing 1804 subsequently.Joint that other is such and interaction method can overcome with similar method.

This structure also provides the security protection thing 1804 with external knob element 1810.This external knob element can be used to promote actuating of security protection thing 1804.The clinician can hold external knob element 1810 and mobile holding element 1818 (if necessary) and to remote extension security protection thing 1804, up to triggering security protection thing 1804.Be fit to use as the security protection thing 1804 based on constraint component described herein with external knob element 1810.This external knob element can comprise, for example, and the wing, sheet, button, annular rim and analog.The structure of selecting also can be provided on the security protection thing surface to help grasp such as rib, handle profile and analog.

With reference now to Figure 43-45,, shows the another kind of instrument that is used for the security protection thing is remained to releasedly the seat of medical needles.Security protection thing 1804 comprises security protection thing holding element 1818, and it interacts with seat 1801 by the frictional fit at surperficial 1805 places.This interacts security protection thing 1804 is remained to seat 1801, up to intentionally being removed.Interaction between holding element 1818 and seat 1801 also can be as the alignment characteristics of security protection thing 1804 with respect to seat 1801.Can come to discharge the security protection thing by overcome frictional fit at surperficial 1805 places from holding element 1818.Can predict: can use one or more holding elements 1818.

Figure 45 shows another embodiment of holding element 1818 that is used for the security protection thing is remained to releasedly the seat of medical needles.Holding element 1818 comprises the surface of extension, and it interacts with seat 1801 by the frictional fit at surperficial 1805 places.This interacts security protection thing 1804 is remained to seat 1801, up to intentionally being removed.Interaction between holding element 1818 and seat 1801 also can be as the alignment characteristics of security protection thing 1804 with respect to seat 1801.Can come to discharge the security protection thing by overcome frictional fit at surperficial 1805 places from holding element 1818.Can predict: can use one or more holding elements 1818.

Special structure shown in Figure 46-48 comprises the sheath 1820 that is coupled to security protection thing 1804 by sheath holding element 1821.The sheath holding element can link together with security protection thing holding element 1802, makes the removal of sheath 1820 not interfere or mobile security shield 1804.Sheath holding element 1821 can comprise, for example, and frictional fit, interference fit, suction, bayonet coupling, ratchet, deformable geometry, hasp and analog.Sheath holding element 1821 keeps sheaths 1820, up to by deliberate removal.The clinician can hold sheath 1820 and promote sheath 1820 to far-end and remove sheath 1820 up to overcoming sheath holding element 1821.

With reference to figure 49-51, comprise seat 1901 according to another special embodiment of the medical science safety protection equipment of this disclosure content, it has and is used to observe the magnifier part 1902 that fluid flashes back therein.Seat 1901 comprises the magnifier part 1902 that therewith forms or be installed to it, is used to observe the directly flash back of the fluid after pin 1903 is discharged in flash back.As shown in figure 50, the viewing area 1904 of magnifier part 1902 is greater than the focal zone 1905 of magnifier part 1902.Therefore, the clinician can observe a little part in flash back zone 1906 by bigger viewing area 1904, thus thereby the response time that is more prone to observe the fluid flash back and reduces some medical procedures.

By the viewing area 1904 of self-focusing zone 1905 anaclasis in future to the clinician, the magnifier part 1902 on the seat 1901 has strengthened the observation to focal zone 1905.Figure 51 shows at light during from arch section 1907 by viewing area 1904 of focal zone 1905, and light is from the refraction of focal zone 1905 by amplifier section 1902.Therefore, when from viewing area 1904 observations, amplify focal zone 1905, thereby strengthened the vision-based detection of convection cell flash back.

The amount of the size of focal zone 1905 and position and enlargement ratio depends on the curvature of arch section 1907.Can revise focal zone 1905, arch section 1907 and viewing area 1904 to be fit to special the application better.For example, such modification includes but not limited to, bigger and littler focal zone 1905, more or less enlargement ratio and greater or lesser viewing area 1904.Can expect: magnifier part 1902 can be constructed by any material in a large amount of material transparent, such as, Merlon, polystyrene, acrylic resin, polrvinyl chloride, glass or similar material.It is also contemplated that: magnifier part 1902 can integrally form with seat 1901, and for example, wherein seat 1901 is by the structure of material transparent roughly.

In another embodiment, shown in Figure 52-54, medical needle shield apparatus comprises the confining part 1364 that is arranged in the shield 1300 (Figure 53), with described similar for Figure 28-32, shield can extend to the far-end of extended position with the stylet 1316 of anesthesia needle assembly from retracted position.Stylet 1316 is set together with the pin 1317 of needle assembly slidably and with one heart, therewith to use in the bone biopsy needle is used.Stylet handle 1318 is connected to stylet 1316.

In the operation, described similar with those principles according to this disclosure content, medical needle shield apparatus is provided as with needle stand 1332 and uses.Clinician's (not shown) control crank 1318 makes shield 1300 be in retracted position (Figure 52) and confining part 1364 is in unconfinement position or sliding position.Stylet 1316 extends with respect to shield 1300, make needle stand 1332 be provided with around pin 1317, and needle stand 1332 is installed together releasedly with housing 1312.The clinician carries out the process of using medical needle shield apparatus with stylet 1316 and pin 1317, until finishing.

Needle stand 1132 is installed together with housing 1312 releasedly.With reference to Figure 53, stylet 1316 near-end indentations make shield 1300 extend to extended position and confining part 1364 is arranged on constrained.Needle stand 1332 is enclosed in the shield 1300 of extended position from shield 1300 releases and external shell 1325.This maintains stylet 1316 in the shield 1300, to avoid the hazardous exposure to stylet 1316 far-ends.

Alternatively, shown in Figure 55-57, medical needle shield apparatus comprises the above shield of describing for Figure 52-54 1300, also comprises the confining part 1464 that is arranged in the shield 1400, as described similar for Figure 28-32.Shield 1400 comprises the housing 1412 that seals confining part 1464.Shield 1400 can extend to the far-end of extended position with anesthesia needle 1317 from retracted position.

As mentioned above, in the operation, needle stand 1332 is enclosed in the shield 1300 of extended position from shield 1300 releases and external shell 1325.External shell 1425 is enclosed in the shield 1400 of extended position.This maintains pin 1317 in the shield 1400, to avoid the hazardous exposure to its far-end.

In alternate embodiment, shown in Figure 58-60, medical needle shield apparatus comprises the confining part 1664 that is arranged in the shield 1600, and is described similar with those, shield can extend to extended position from retracted position, with the far-end of the pin 1517 of anesthesia needle assembly.Stylet 1516 is set together with the pin 1517 of needle assembly slidably and with one heart, therewith to use in the bone biopsy needle that uses probe guider 1634 is used.Handle 1518 is attached to stylet 1516.

Confining part 1664 is arranged in the shield 1600 and defines attachment surface 1668.Confining part 1664 comprises the friction member 1662 from its extension.Confining part 1664 has pin communicating surface 1672, and pin communicating surface 1672 can engage with pin 1517 to prevent confining part 1664 rotations.Friction member 1662 is configured to engage with the pin 1517 that is between retracted position and the extended position slidably, makes friction member 1662 joint pins 1517 so that pin 1517 is produced pull strength, and is described similar with those.

Confining part 1664 comprises aperture plate 1665, friction member 1662, end sensing member 1671 and pin communicating surface 1672.As discussed, end sensing member 1671 promotes 1672 rotations of pin communicating surface.

In the operation, described similar with those, be provided as with needle stand 1532 according to the medical needle shield apparatus of the principle of this disclosure content and use.The clinician handles seat 1532 makes shield 1600 be in retracted position (Figure 58) and confining part 1664 is in unconfinement or sliding position.

Needle stand 1532 is installed together releasedly with shield 1600.With reference to Figure 59, pin 1517 near-end indentations make shield 1600 extend to extended position and confining part 1664 is arranged on constrained.Needle stand 1532 is enclosed in the shield 1600 of extended position from shield 1600 releases and external shell 1625.This maintains pin 1517 in the shield 1600, to avoid the hazardous exposure to pin 1517 far-ends.

Probe guider 1634 has funnel shaped structure, integrates with shield 1600, and is installed on the pin 1517, and it may be polluted in biopsy of bone's process.The funnel shaped structure of probe guider 1634 is convenient to and probe rod 1535 attachments.Therefore, shield 1600 and probe guider 1634 prevent the hazardous exposure to the clinician.Probe rod 1535 inserts the far-end of pin 1517 and passes through wherein so that the sample (not shown) is released needle stand 1532.

In another alternate embodiment, shown in Figure 61-65, medical needle shield apparatus comprises shield 1700, and is described similar with those, and shield 1700 can extend to the far-end of extended position (Figure 65) with the pin 1716 of anesthesia needle assembly from retracted position (Figure 61).Pin 1716 is set together with the sheath 1717 of needle assembly slidably and with one heart, therewith to use in the PICC introducer is used.Sheath 1717 can be separable also can be inseparable.Pin 1716 is the hollow hole sleeve pipes with sharp distal end tip.Sheath 1717 is wished by the polymer material manufacturing.

Handle 1718 is connected to pin 1716.Handle 1718 can have the flash chamber 1736 that is communicated with pin 1716.Promote to the connection of different medical apparatus by luer slip or luer locking attachment feature with the luer joint 1737 that flash chamber 1736 is communicated with.

Be arranged in the shield 1700 for the described similar confining part 1764 of Figure 28-32.Shield 1700 comprises the housing 1712 that seals confining part 1764.

Needle stand 1732 is installed together with pin 1717.By with keeper 1714 releasable joints of confining part 1764, needle stand 1732 is installed together with shield 1700 releasedly.Needle stand 1732 has the seat groove 1724 that is used to receive and engage with confining part 1764.This is configured in is convenient in the medical needles application remove and use needle stand 1732 and sheath 1717 from shield 1700.

Discuss as following, the flange of needle stand 1732 is supported by the control surface of external knob element 1725 with one heart.The control surface joint flange is with releasedly to its support.Keeper 1714 extends being used to and is received in the seat groove 1724 of needle stand 1732.Interrelate with the unconfinement or the slip orientation of confining part 1764, keeper 1714 is provided with in the present groove 1724, to be installed together with shield 1700 releasedly.When pin 1716 indentations and shield 1700 extensions, keeper 1714 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and breaks away from from seat groove 1724, thereby discharges needle stands 1732 from housing 1712.

External knob element 1725 is set to rotation and sealing shield 1700.External knob element 1725 is installed together with handle 1718, and freely rotates with respect to shield 1700 and pin 1716 in the extended position of shield 1700.Described above similar with those, the relative rotation of external shell 1725 impels by the support member and the axle of the bearing opening part in being formed on external shell 1725.In constrained, bearing construction supports outer housing 1725 is with respect to the rotation of shield 1700 and pin 1716.

With reference to Figure 65, pin 1716 near-end indentations make shield 1700 extend to extended position and confining part 1764 is arranged on constrained.Needle stand 1732 from shield 1700 discharge and shield 1700 at the far-end of extended position anesthesia needle 1716.This maintains pin 1716 in the shield 1700, to prevent the hazardous exposure to the far-end of pin 1716.

Can predict: outside rotary shell can comprise a plurality of heteroid parts, perhaps can form with monolithic, as being fit in special the application.

By locating shield along pin at required insertion depth, more than the various shields of Pi Luing can be used to measure required insertion depth.Also can expect: by firmly grasping shield during insertion, more than the various shields of Pi Luing can be used for stabilization needle.

Under the situation that does not depart from its substitutive characteristics or spirit, the invention of this disclosure can be implemented with other special form.Therefore, present embodiment should be thought illustrative in all fields, rather than restrictive, and invention scope is limited by the accompanying Claim book, rather than the description of front, and therefore comprise the intension of claims equivalence and all changes in the scope at this.

Claims

1. medical needle shield apparatus, it comprises:

Needle stand, it has the outer needle cannula that extends to far-end from needle stand, and interior pin is set to move slidably with respect to outer needle cannula; And

At least one shield can extend to extended position from retracted position, with the far-end of pin in sealing,

Shield comprises the confining part that is arranged in this shield and limits attachment surface, and this attachment surface forms eyelet, pin in this eyelet is configured to receive between retracted position and extended position slidably,

Confining part comprises at least one traction actuation member, make in the process of in receiving slidably pin, this at least one traction actuation member engages with interior pin, thereby produce the pull strength of internal pin, pull strength impels the longitudinal axis rotation of confining part with respect to interior pin, make attachment surface engage interior pin, thereby pin move slidably in preventing at the extended position of shield

Confining part also comprises the pin communicating surface of extending from confining part, makes the pin communicating surface can engage with interior pin, thereby prevents that confining part from rotating, and is used for engaging releasedly with needle stand from the keeper of pin communicating surface horizontal expansion.

2. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this at least one traction actuation member defines roughly and the aligned chamber of eyelet, and pin was to produce the pull strength of internal pin in this chamber was configured to receive slidably.

3. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that this confining part comprises the aperture plate of general planar, and this aperture plate comprises the attachment surface that forms eyelet.

4. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that, this at least one traction actuation member comprises a pair of arm that extends from aperture plate, and this arm has curling end.

5. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that this arm comprises deflectable member.

6. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between unconfinement orientation and constraint orientation, this confining part is rotatable with respect to the longitudinal axis of interior pin, in the unconfinement orientation, interior pin with respect to confining part slidably, and the constraint orientation, attachment surface engages with interior pin, thereby pin moves slidably at the extended position of this at least one shield in preventing.

7. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that shield comprises housing, this housing limits at least one barrier structure that extends from shell inner surface, this at least one barrier structure can engage with confining part, is used for confining part is pushed to the constraint orientation.

8. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, shield comprises housing, this housing limits at least one barrier structure that extends from shell inner surface, aperture plate is axially movable to engage with this at least one barrier structure, rotates to the constraint orientation to cause confining part.

9. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 also comprises the outer grip element that seals this at least one shield, and this at least one shield of this outer grip member supports is to move relative to rotation with this shield.

10. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 9 is characterized in that, this at least one shield by at least one bearing by the outer grip member supports to move relative to rotation.

11. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, interior pin is attached to and is used for the handle that internal pin is handled.

12. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, needle stand is installed together with the housing of at least one shield releasedly.

13. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, needle stand defines the seat groove of the keeper that is configured to receive confining part.

14. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, confining part comprises that at least one extends to the outside bow-shaped arm of pin communicating surface.

15. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1, this at least one shield comprises a plurality of shields.

16. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 also comprises:

Handle, the flash chamber that pin and qualification are communicated with interior pin in being connected to, flash chamber have the joint that promotion is connected with medical apparatus;

Iuer slides or Iuer locking attachment feature.

17. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 also comprises:

At least one can be bonded on the holding element between described shield and the described seat.

18. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described holding element comprises a holding element, and this holding element forms with described shield, and is configured to engage releasedly with the shield holding element with described seat formation.

19. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 17 is characterized in that, described at least one holding element comprises protuberance, and this protuberance radially extends from described needle stand, and be suitable for described shield in groove engage releasedly.

20. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 17 is characterized in that, described at least one holding element comprises that bayonet coupling, inclined-plane, ratchet, hasp, deformable geometry, friction joint, magnet connect or aspirator.

21. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described shield comprises the sheath holding element that extends from shield, this sheath holding element has with the releasable of sheath and cooperates, and makes the disengaging of described sheath and described sheath holding element the described holding element that is bonded between described shield and the described seat can not broken away from.

22. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described sheath holding element is configured to and described sheath interference fit, snap fit or threaded engagement.

23. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 also comprises the external shell that seals described shield, described external shell supports described shield to move relative to rotation with described shield.

24. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 23 is characterized in that, described shield is supported to move relative to rotation by described external shell by at least one bearing.

25. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described needle stand also comprises the magnifier part that is configured to observe the fluid flash back of discharging described interior pin.

26. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 25 is characterized in that, described magnifier comprises the arch section that defines viewing area, the refraction of described arch section from the light of less focal zone to observe described focal zone enlargedly.

27. medical needle shield apparatus according to claim 25 is characterized in that, described needle stand is single wall introducer needle stand, biopsy needle stand, thecal puncture needle stand or exterior dura needle stand.

28. a medical needle shield apparatus, it comprises:

Needle stand, it has the outer needle cannula from its extension, and interior pin is set to move slidably with respect to outer needle cannula; And

Shield, it can extend to extended position from retracted position, and to seal the far-end of outer needle cannula, this shield defines the probe guider that is configured to receive probe at its far-end, and probe structure is to move slidably with respect to outer needle cannula;

Shield comprises the confining part that is arranged in this shield, and it limits attachment surface, and this attachment surface forms eyelet, needle cannula outside this eyelet is configured to receive between retracted position and extended position slidably,

Confining part comprises at least one traction actuation member, make in the process of outside receiving slidably needle cannula, this at least one traction actuation member engages with outer needle cannula, thereby produce the pull strength of external needle cannula, pull strength impels the longitudinal axis rotation of confining part with respect to outer needle cannula, make attachment surface engage outer needle cannula, thereby prevent that outer needle cannula from moving slidably at the extended position of shield

Confining part also comprises the pin communicating surface from its extension, makes the pin communicating surface can engage with outer needle cannula, thereby prevents the confining part rotation.