CN100570346C - Device and method for detecting heat dissipation performance of air-cooled heat dissipation system - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting heat dissipation performance of air-cooled heat dissipation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100570346C CN100570346C CNB200510102167XA CN200510102167A CN100570346C CN 100570346 C CN100570346 C CN 100570346C CN B200510102167X A CNB200510102167X A CN B200510102167XA CN 200510102167 A CN200510102167 A CN 200510102167A CN 100570346 C CN100570346 C CN 100570346C
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Abstract
本发明公开一种检测风冷散热系统散热性能的装置及方法，通过在风冷散热系统的风道内设置标本，通过控制标本温度与标本外部温度的温差恒定测量施加于标本的功率或控制施加于标本的功率恒定测量标本温度与标本外部温度的温差来确定该功率或该温差对应表征的风冷散热系统的对流热阻，进而可根据测量的对流热阻判断风冷散热系统的性能。测量装置和方法简单，灵敏度高、成本低，可及时检测到风冷散热系统的散热情况，能够在散热性能渐进性劣化到影响系统正常工作程度之前发出告警，提高通讯设备的可维护性。
The invention discloses a device and method for detecting the heat dissipation performance of an air-cooled heat dissipation system. By setting a sample in the air duct of the air-cooled heat dissipation system, by controlling the temperature difference between the temperature of the sample and the external temperature of the sample to be constant, the power applied to the sample is measured or the power applied to the sample is controlled. The power of the specimen is constant. The temperature difference between the specimen temperature and the external temperature of the specimen is measured to determine the convective thermal resistance of the air-cooled heat dissipation system corresponding to the power or the temperature difference, and then the performance of the air-cooled heat dissipation system can be judged according to the measured convective thermal resistance. The measuring device and method are simple, high in sensitivity and low in cost, can detect the heat dissipation of the air-cooled heat dissipation system in time, can issue an alarm before the heat dissipation performance gradually deteriorates to affect the normal operation of the system, and improve the maintainability of communication equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wind-cooling heat dissipating technology, particularly about detecting the device and method of wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance.
Background technology
Along with the raising of communication apparatus integrated level, the power density of the rack (or machine box) of installation communication apparatus is increasing.In order to guarantee that communication apparatus is operated in the safe range, need carry out forced heat radiation to communication apparatus, in communication apparatus, be that heat eliminating medium carries out convection heat transfer promptly with the air.Owing to have SR (SR comprises the local pressure loss that caused by changing along the stroke pressure loss with by the speed of fluid and direction of causing such as friction force etc.) in the communication facilities usually, therefore need external force to drive in the communication facilities and carry out convection heat transfer, as often driving as external force in the prior art with fan, can overcome SR, the assurance cold air can be wanted to skim over from the needs cooling processing.
Usually, existing wind-cooling heat dissipating system comprise fan and be located on the casing into and out of the air port, this fan and air port dispose according to certain mode, form the air channel rack (or machine box) in, thereby reach the purpose that the device in the rack (or machine box) is dispelled the heat.In order to prevent in the heat radiation process, dust enters in the rack (or machine box), influence the device performance in the casing, generally Air Filter is set at the air inlet or the air outlet place of wind-cooling heat dissipating system, thus the air channel of formation such as whether fan runs well, Air Filter and air port whether unblocked plug determined the heat dispersion of wind-cooling heat dissipating system.
Thereby, fan damage or Air Filter or air port cause communication appliance fault in case stopping up the wind flow minimizing that will cause dispelling the heat, as the increase of optical module refrigeration electric current, chip overheating, system in case of system halt etc. in the communication apparatus, therefore need monitor in real time the rotating speed of each fan in the wind-cooling heat dissipating system and the unimpeded situation in air channel.
Present mode is to use the fan device of band rotation speed monitoring terminal, when in the system during any one fan stall, makes other fan in the system run on fast state by controller, report and alarm simultaneously, and prompting the maintainer change.
For the fault in air channel (for example into and out of the air port and Air Filter stop up), present mode is by each communications device single board in system temperature detecting point to be set, reflect by the temperature variations that detects veneer whether the air channel is unimpeded, when the veneer temperature surpasses detection threshold, faults such as obstruction may appear in report and alarm prompting maintainer air channel, should handle timely.
Though above-mentioned existing detection scheme can detect the heat dispersion of wind-cooling heat dissipating system, there is following problem:
Wind-cooling heat dissipating system performance for fan failure detects, and determines the system radiating performance by detecting rotation speed of the fan, but because fan stall detection signal suddenlys change, only just can export after the fan stall.And the inefficacy of fan is normally because bearing wear, and the dry or pyrometamorphism of lubricant, dust enter etc. and to cause, and concrete phenomenon is that rotation speed of the fan descends gradually.The fan stall detects can not identify this fault mode.Before the complete stall of fan, possible wind flow has dropped to the degree that influences system's operate as normal; After the fan stall report and alarm, the maintainer receive alarm be on the scene handle during this period of time in, system also may break down because of overheated.
Wind-cooling heat dissipating system performance for the air channel fault detects, determine the system radiating performance by the detection of veneer temperature, but because cost, every veneer can only be provided with one or several check point, can not the chip of each piece heating in the veneer all be detected.And the veneer temperature detection in fact detected be the temperature of the air or the printed circuit board (PCB) of machine frame interior veneer.Heating source on the veneer is the various chips that need heat radiation, and check point has with a certain distance from heating source, and middle medium is very big air of thermal resistance or printed circuit board (PCB) sheet material, causes check point temperature and chip temperature that the very big temperature difference is arranged.Therefore, when fan failure or air channel fault, before the veneer temperature detection value sent alarm above detection threshold, the single board chip temperature may surpass normal range of operation.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves provides a kind of device and method that can quantitatively, in time detect wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance, before causing wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance to corrupt to influencing system's operate as normal degree with or air port, Air Filter obstruction etc. aging at a variety of causes such as fan, detect fault modes such as fan failure, Air Filter obstruction, air outlet and air intake vent obstruction, send alarm, the prompting maintainer clears up Air Filter, air port or changes the inefficacy fan.
For addressing the above problem, a kind of device that detects wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance provided by the invention comprises:
Be arranged in the wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel by applying the sample of its temperature of energy control break;
Described sample is applied the energy applying unit that energy is controlled its temperature change;
Detect first temperature sensor of described sample temperature;
Detect second temperature sensor of described sample external temperature;
Temperature difference control module, be used for according to the sample temperature of first temperature sensor detection and the sample external temperature of second temperature sensor detection, the control energy applying unit puts on the power of sample, makes the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature keep constant;
The power detection converting unit, the energy applying unit that is used to detect described control module control puts on the power of sample, the thermal-convection resistance of the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes of this power of conversion output;
The performance determining unit is used for determining the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence.
Alternatively, described sample is a well heater.
Alternatively, described well heater can adopt the heating resistor that heating radiator is housed or be equipped with heating radiator the diode PN junction, be equipped with heating radiator triode, the field effect transistor of heating radiator is housed.
Alternatively, described sample is a refrigerator.
Alternatively, described first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor all adopt thermistor, thermopair, PN junction or temperature detection chip.
Accordingly, a kind of device that detects wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance of the present invention comprises:
Be arranged in the wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel by applying the sample of its temperature of energy control break;
Described sample is applied the energy applying unit that energy is controlled its temperature change;
Detect first temperature sensor of described sample temperature;
Detect second temperature sensor of described sample external temperature;
Power control unit is used for the control energy applying unit and applies firm power in sample;
The temperature difference detects converting unit, be used to detect the sample temperature of described first temperature sensor detection and the sample external temperature that second temperature sensor detects, obtain the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature, the thermal-convection resistance of the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes of this temperature difference of conversion output;
The performance determining unit is used for determining the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence.
Alternatively, described sample is a well heater.
Alternatively, described well heater adopts diode PN junction, the triode that heating radiator is housed that the heating resistor of heating radiator is housed or heating radiator is housed, the field effect transistor that heating radiator is housed.
Alternatively, described sample is a refrigerator.
Alternatively, described first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor all adopt thermistor, thermopair, PN junction or temperature detection chip.
Accordingly, a kind of method that detects wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance of the present invention comprises:
In wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel, be provided with by applying the sample that energy control can change its temperature;
Control puts on the power of sample, makes the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature keep constant;
The detection temperature difference puts on the power of sample also with the thermal-convection resistance of this power transfer for the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes when constant;
Determine the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence.
Alternatively, described sample is well heater or refrigerator.
Alternatively, described well heater can adopt the heating resistor that heating radiator is housed or be equipped with heating radiator the diode PN junction, be equipped with heating radiator triode, the field effect transistor of heating radiator is housed.
Accordingly, a kind of method that detects wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance of the present invention comprises:
In wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel, be provided with by applying the sample that energy control can change its temperature;
The power that control puts on sample keeps constant;
Sample temperature and sample external temperature obtained the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature when detection put on the power invariability of sample, the thermal-convection resistance of the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes of this temperature difference of conversion output;
Determine the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence.
Alternatively, described sample is well heater or refrigerator.
Alternatively, described well heater can adopt the heating resistor that heating radiator is housed or be equipped with heating radiator the diode PN junction, be equipped with heating radiator triode, the field effect transistor of heating radiator is housed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is provided with sample in the air channel of wind-cooling heat dissipating system, put on the power of sample or power invariability that control puts on sample by the control sample temperature and the constant measurement of the temperature difference of sample external temperature and measure the thermal-convection resistance that sample temperature and the temperature difference of sample external temperature are determined the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of this power or the corresponding sign of this temperature difference, and then can be according to the performance of the thermal-convection resistance judgement wind-cooling heat dissipating system of measurement.Measurement mechanism and method are simple, and be highly sensitive, cost is low, can in time detect the heat radiation situation of wind-cooling heat dissipating system, can send alarm before influencing system's operate as normal degree gradual the corrupting to of heat dispersion, improves the maintainability of communication apparatus.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the position view of wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit of the present invention in system;
Fig. 2 is the composition synoptic diagram of the present invention according to wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit first embodiment of first kind of mode;
Fig. 3 is that the circuit of wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit first embodiment shown in Figure 2 is realized synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the synthetic synoptic diagram of PWM latch output signal;
Fig. 5 is that the fertile second order active low-pass filter circuit now of Bart of realizing power detection module among Fig. 3 is formed synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the composition synoptic diagram of the present invention according to wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit second embodiment of the second way.
Embodiment
The noun implication that relates among the present invention at first is described below:
Thermal resistance is meant the resistance that heat runs on heat flow path, the size of the heat-transfer capability between reflection medium or medium has shown the caused temperature rise size of 1W heat, and unit is ℃/W or K/W, can be divided into thermal-conduction resistance, thermal-convection resistance, radiation thermal resistance.For the air blast cooling cooling system, what play a major role is thermal-convection resistance.
Junction temperature (Junction Remperature): general reference active area temperature.Active area can be the inner PN junction district of junction device encapsulation, the channel region of field effect transistor, or the contact berrier district of schottky device etc.
Environment temperature (Environment Temperature): for cabinet system, the temperature of external environment condition or air inlet is an environment temperature; For the device of internal system veneer, all round stable environment temperature of device refers to the temperature of incoming flow refrigerating gas for temperature (Ambient Temperature) all round, is generally less than the temperature of system's air outlet, and environment temperature described in the present invention is the sample external temperature.
According to the heat energy principle, the heat dispersion of wind-cooling heat dissipating system can represent that concrete, the junction temperature TJ of chip can represent by formula (1.1) arbitrarily with thermal resistance θ JA:
TJ＝P×θJA+ΔT?micro_ambient+T?ambient (1.1)
Wherein: P is the device hear rate, and θ JA is a thermal resistance of tying the device periphery air, and Tambient is an environment temperature, and Δ Tmicro_ambient is the temperature rise of device periphery air with respect to environment temperature.Thermal design will guarantee when T ambient=environment temperature upper specification limit Tup_limit, junction temperature TJ satisfied temperature index request.
In the wind-cooling heat dissipating system, the result that fan fails or air channel are stopped up causes the thermal design parameter θ JA of two keys and the increase of Δ T micro_ambient value, thereby causes the device of communication apparatus temperature to raise.Thermal source under the constant prerequisite of thermal source hear rate P (W) with heat sink between temperature difference t (℃) with thermal resistance θ (℃/W) be directly proportional, promptly θ reduction → Δ t reduce → heat source temperature reduces.
Based on above-mentioned principle, in the wind-cooling heat dissipating system, by measuring thermal-convection resistance θ, just can reflect the system radiating performance quantitatively, when the value of thermal-convection resistance θ surpasses default threshold value, the system radiating performance has reached the performance degradation situation that point out the maintenance personal to keep in repair, handle this wind-cooling heat dissipating system, describes in detail below.
With reference to figure 1, this figure is the position view of wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit of the present invention in system.
In the wind-cooling heat dissipating internal system heat dispersion pick-up unit is set among the present invention, this heat dispersion pick-up unit physical form is a module on the internal system veneer, in the system air channel, place along airflow direction, for improving the susceptibility to wind flow, should be placed on does not have the place of picking up retaining as far as possible.
Definition according to above-mentioned thermal resistance: θ=Δ t/P by the calculating to temperature difference t and power P, can draw thermal-convection resistance θ, and then can determine the system radiating performance according to thermal resistance θ, and specific implementation can adopt dual mode.
According to first kind of mode, constant by the control temperature difference, detection power is determined thermal-convection resistance, and then definite heat dispersion, specifically can carry out heat dispersion according to following flow process and detect:
At first, in wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel, be provided with by applying the sample that energy control can change its temperature;
Secondly, control puts on the power of sample, makes the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature keep constant;
The power that puts on sample when once more, the detection temperature difference is constant is also with the thermal-convection resistance of this power transfer for the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes;
At last, determine the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence.
According to the second way, by control sample is applied firm power, detect the temperature difference of sample and sample outside and determine thermal-convection resistance, and then definite heat dispersion, specifically can carry out heat dispersion and detect according to following flow process:
At first, in wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel, be provided with by applying the sample that energy control can change its temperature;
Secondly, control the power that puts on sample and keep constant;
Once more, sample temperature and sample external temperature obtain the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature when detecting the power invariability that puts on sample, the thermal-convection resistance of the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes of this temperature difference of conversion output;
At last, according to the described thermal-convection resistance that obtains, determine the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence.
With reference to figure 2, this figure is the composition synoptic diagram of the present invention according to wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit first embodiment of first kind of mode.
The present embodiment principle is to control sample heating power P makes temperature rise Δ t keep constant, detect heating power P with detecting device and just can learn thermal-convection resistance θ, and then determine the system radiating performance according to thermal-convection resistance θ, because with the temperature difference is controlling object, be not subjected to the influence of variation of ambient temperature, strong interference immunity, during specific implementation, described heat dispersion pick-up unit mainly comprises:
Be arranged in the wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel by applying the sample 11 of its temperature of energy control break, sample described in the present invention can be a well heater, for example adopt the heating resistor that heating radiator is housed or be diode PN junction, triode, field effect transistor (MOSFET), described sample can be a refrigerator also, repeats no more here.
Described sample is applied the energy applying unit 12 that energy is controlled its temperature change;
Detect first temperature sensor 13 of described sample temperature;
Detect second temperature sensor 14 of described sample external temperature;
Temperature difference control module 15, be used for according to the sample temperature of first temperature sensor, 13 detections and the sample external temperature of second temperature sensor, 14 detections, control energy applying unit 12 puts on the power of sample 11, makes the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature keep constant;
Power detection converting unit 16, the energy applying unit 12 that is used to detect described temperature difference control module 15 controls puts on the power of sample, the thermal-convection resistance of the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes of this power of conversion output;
Realize that with a concrete circuit example describes below.
With reference to figure 3, this figure is that the circuit of wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit first embodiment shown in Figure 2 is realized synoptic diagram.
In this specific implementation circuit, sample adopts well heater, has the PWM waveform of constant cycle T with the S end generation of clock source OSC excitation pulse modulation (PWM) latch.The R end of control PWM latch can be regulated the some sky of PWM ripple than D (ratio in ON time and cycle).The constant voltage that the reference voltage module produces is added in the temperature difference of being made up of thermistor T0, T1 and detects on the network, and when temperature difference T1-T0 equals setting value C, two input terminal voltages of comparator C OMP will equate, be output as 1, the PWM latch is resetted, and heater switch T disconnects, and stops heating.When if temperature difference T1-T0 and setting value C have difference DELTA C, the temperature difference of forming through thermistor T0, T1 detects network, error voltage Δ V will appear in two input ends of COMP, two input terminal voltages of pid control module COMP are unequal, be output as 0, the set of PWM latch can be controlled the dutycycle D of heater switch T.The steady current I process heater switch T modulating action that constant current source produces is on heating resistor.Because the PWM cycle is that T, heating current I, heating resistor R are steady state value, the dutycycle D that measures heater switch just can obtain heating power:
P＝T×D×I×R (1.2)
Make the temperature difference T of T1 and T0 remain on steady state value C by the automatic control of temperature closed loop in the foregoing circuit.According to formula Δ T=P * θ, measure dutycycle D and can draw thermal-convection resistance θ, promptly dutycycle D has reflected the degree of air cooling system heat dispersion deterioration.
With reference to figure 4, the output of PWM latch is the pulse-width signal that cycle and amplitude are fixed, dutycycle is variable in the present embodiment, by DC component and average is that the square-wave component of 0V is formed by stacking, by the Fourier transform principle as can be known, this signal comprises DC component and frequency is the harmonic component of fundamental frequency integral multiple, can adopt low-pass filter to filter high fdrequency component, keep the DC component that is directly proportional with dutycycle, thereby realize the D/A conversion.
In addition, the effect of power detection module is can embody the dutycycle D of the pwm signal of heating power to be transformed to d. c. voltage signal V, compare this voltage with voltage comparator, the alarm signal of output heat dispersion deterioration when surpassing thresholding, reporting system, with reference to figure 5, described power detection module can be made up of the fertile second order active low-pass filter circuit now of Bart.
Need illustrate, can use closed loop PID control in the foregoing circuit, has the error signal enlarging function, highly sensitive, because output signal is a pulse width signal, use light-coupled isolation easily in addition, conveniently carry out digital signal processing, through exporting analog voltage signal after the PWM/V conversion, can handle with voltage comparator simply, make things convenient for the outputting alarm signal.
With reference to figure 6, this figure is the composition synoptic diagram of the present invention according to wind-cooling radiating system radiating performance pick-up unit second embodiment of the second way.
The present embodiment principle is to adopt control to the constant power of sample output, detects temperature and the outer temperature signal difference DELTA t of sample in the sample, exports the corresponding thermal-convection resistance that characterizes of this temperature difference, and then obtains corresponding heat dispersion according to this thermal resistance.During specific implementation, the pick-up unit of heat dispersion described in the present embodiment comprises equally:
Be arranged in the wind-cooling heat dissipating system air channel by applying the sample 11 of its temperature of energy control break;
Described sample is applied the energy applying unit 12 that energy is controlled its temperature change;
Detect first temperature sensor 13 of described sample temperature;
Detect second temperature sensor 14 of described sample external temperature;
In addition, different with first embodiment, the heat dispersion pick-up unit also comprises described in the present embodiment:
Power control unit 18 is used for control energy applying unit 12 and applies the power of firm power in sample;
The temperature difference detects converting unit 19, be used to detect the sample temperature of described first temperature sensor 13 detections and the sample external temperature that second temperature sensor 14 detects, obtain the temperature difference between sample temperature and the sample external temperature, the thermal-convection resistance of the corresponding wind-cooling heat dissipating system that characterizes of this temperature difference of conversion output;
And the performance determining unit 17 identical with first embodiment, being used for determining the heat dispersion of the wind-cooling heat dissipating system of described thermal-convection resistance correspondence, above-mentioned each functional unit specific implementation can repeat no more here with reference to above stated specification.
To sum up, implementation algorithm of the present invention is simple, need not complicated calculations, available Analog Circuit Design, volume is little, and cost is low, the reliability height, equal cocoa detection by quantitative air cooling system heat dispersion degradation when fault modes such as fan failure, Air Filter obstruction, air outlet and air intake vent obstruction can send alarm before influencing system's operate as normal degree gradual the corrupting to of heat dispersion, can improve the maintainability of communication apparatus.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
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| WO2015139445A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Detection apparatus and method for dustproof mesh in electronic device |
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| CN1979145A (en) | 2007-06-13 |
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