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CN100566105C - A kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function - Google Patents

A kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function Download PDF

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CN100566105C
CN100566105C CNB2004100536246A CN200410053624A CN100566105C CN 100566105 C CN100566105 C CN 100566105C CN B2004100536246 A CNB2004100536246 A CN B2004100536246A CN 200410053624 A CN200410053624 A CN 200410053624A CN 100566105 C CN100566105 C CN 100566105C
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circuit
output
pwm signal
power supply
signal control
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CN1734916A (en
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张真正
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Lii Semiconductor Inc
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SHANGHAI XUANYAN ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

A kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function, comprise power supervisor, light-coupled isolation transmission circuit, error amplifying circuit etc., power supervisor is a power management chip that is integrated into by charging circuit, low-voltage protection circuit, oscillator, saw-toothed wave generator, pwm signal control and drive circuit, is characterized in; Also comprise a force start circuit, it is connected between oscillator and pwm signal control and the drive circuit, is used for the control circuit power supply V in low-voltage protection circuit output DDIn the voltage start-up course from low to high, produce the switching pulse of the duty ratio of several settings, make system start-up, close the work of this circuit later in system start-up, by the feedback control loop control of system and by-pass cock pulse duration so that system's operate as normal.When the present invention the situation of short circuit occurred when Switching Power Supply, the output power consumption of system reduced, energy savings, and more important is to avoid circuit devcie to burn the generation of incident, eliminates safe hidden trouble, and plays the effect of protection.

Description

A kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function.
Background technology
Develop rapidly along with science and technology, each electronic product is more and more to be applied in the daily life, is the power supply of supporting each electronic product, and small-power AC-DC power supply consumption is rising rapidly, in small-power AC-DC power supply (adapter), inverse-excitation type switch power-supply is modal a kind of.At present, the typical circuit structure of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply is formed as shown in Figure 1, comprising: exchange input rectifying filter circuit 1, primary coil and switching circuit 2, power supervisor 100, power capacitor 5, ancillary coil and output rectification circuit 6, light-coupled isolation transmission circuit 10, secondary coil and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11, error sampling circuit 12 and error amplifying circuit 13 and form.Wherein power supervisor 100 is power management chips that are integrated into by charging circuit 3, low-voltage protection circuit 4, oscillator 7, saw-toothed wave generator 8, PWM (pulse width modulation) signal controlling and drive circuit 9; as the 384X family chip, SG6841 chip etc.
System work process is as follows: civil power (alternating current) is converted into high direct voltage level V by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 1 H, in start-up course, V HGive capacitor C 1 charging by charging circuit 3.The C1 storage of electrical energy, when C1 voltage is raised to certain value, low-voltage protection circuit 4 enters non-guard mode, output control circuit supply voltage (V DD) level is for oscillator 7, saw-toothed wave generator 8, pwm signal control and each several part work such as driver 9, light-coupled isolation transmission circuit 10, output pwm control signal control primary coil and switching circuit work, when elementary coil switch conducting, electric energy is converted into magnetic energy and is stored in the transformer, when elementary coil switch turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the transformer was given V by attached index contour circle and output rectification circuit 6 CCPower supply is by secondary coil and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11 powering loads.
Output voltage is by the parameter of PWM, transformer, the decision of parameters such as output loading, and by output error sample circuit 12, the Voltage Feedback ring that error amplifier 13, optocoupler transmission buffer circuit 10 and pwm signal control and drive circuit 9 are formed, control pwm signal duty ratio makes output voltage keep stable; The following (see figure 2) of voltage stabilizing process: if V OUTRaise, the feedback procedure of loop is as follows so: V OUT↑ → V A↓ → I R3↑ → I R4↑ → V C+↓ → PWM T ON↓ → V OUT↓, if V OUTDescend, then the feedback procedure of the control loop of PWM is opposite fully: V OUT↓ → V A↑ → I R3↓ → I R4↓ → V C+↑ → PWMT ON↑ → V OUT↑, work as load variations or other reasons as can be seen from above feedback procedure and cause that output voltage changes, can obtain adjusting by feedback procedure, make output voltage keep stable.
A distinct disadvantage of foregoing circuit is: when output short-circuit, output voltage is lower than normal voltage, and the Voltage Feedback ring is in order to make the stable PWM duty ratio maximum that makes of voltage, and maximum duty ratio can make transformer transmit more energy and give output.According to power P O=electric current I OUT* voltage V OUTFormula, I OUT=P O/ V OUT, because V OUTVery little, P OIncrease, make I OUTSharply rise.Devices such as diode D2, transformer T1 are burnt, bring potential safety hazard.And when output short-circuit, there is not protective effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function, this switching power circuit plays a protective role in the time of being implemented in the output loading short circuit, burns the potential safety hazard of being brought to avoid circuit devcie.
A kind of switching power circuit provided by the present invention with output short circuit protection function, comprise and exchange the input rectifying filter circuit, primary coil and switching circuit, power supervisor, power capacitor, ancillary coil and output rectification circuit, the light-coupled isolation transmission circuit, secondary coil and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, error sampling circuit and error amplifying circuit, wherein, power supervisor is by charging circuit, low-voltage protection circuit, oscillator, saw-toothed wave generator, pwm signal control and the integrated power management chip of drive circuit, the output that exchanges the input rectifying filter circuit links to each other with the input of the charging circuit of the input of primary coil and switching circuit and power supervisor respectively, and the output of charging circuit links to each other with the positive pole of power capacitor; The output of ancillary coil and output rectification circuit links to each other with the positive pole of power capacitor, the positive pole of power capacitor links to each other with the input of low-voltage protection circuit, powers to oscillator, saw-toothed wave generator, pwm signal control and drive circuit and light-coupled isolation transmission circuit by the output of low-voltage protection circuit; Oscillator, saw-toothed wave generator link to each other with drive circuit successively with pwm signal control; The output of secondary coil and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit links to each other with the input of error sampling circuit, the output of error sampling circuit links to each other with the input of error amplifying circuit, the output of error amplifying circuit links to each other with the input of light-coupled isolation transmission circuit, the output of light-coupled isolation transmission circuit links to each other with the input of drive circuit with pwm signal control, and pwm signal control links to each other with switching circuit with primary coil with drive circuit; It is characterized in that: this switching power circuit also comprises a force start circuit, and it is connected between the input of the output of low-voltage protection circuit and pwm signal control and drive circuit, is used for the control circuit power supply V in low-voltage protection circuit output DDVoltage is in start-up course from low to high, produce the switching pulse of the duty ratio of several settings, switching power circuit is started, close the work of this force start circuit after switching power circuit starts, the feedback control loop control adjusting switch pulse duration of being made up of error sampling circuit, error amplifying circuit, light-coupled isolation transmission circuit and pwm signal control and the drive circuit of switching power circuit is so that system's operate as normal.
Above-mentioned switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function, wherein; The force start circuit is made up of triode Q1, first capacitor C 2, voltage-stabiliser tube D4, resistance R 7, R8, the collector electrode of described triode Q1 links to each other with the input of drive circuit with pwm signal control, emitter is connected with the output of low-voltage protection circuit, base stage links to each other with the tie point of first capacitor C 2 with voltage-stabiliser tube D4 with resistance R 8 serial connection backs, first resistance R 7 is connected across between the base stage of the output of low-voltage protection circuit and triode Q1, the negative pole of voltage-stabiliser tube D4 links to each other with the output of low-voltage protection circuit, and positive pole is connected in series back ground connection with first capacitor C 2; The positive terminal of amplifier A in the described error amplifying circuit links to each other end of oppisite phase and reference voltage V with the output of error sampling circuit REFLink to each other, the resistance R 4 in the light-coupled isolation transmission circuit that will be made up of optocoupler OP1, resistance R 3 and R4 is connected ground connection afterwards with the output of optocoupler OP1, and resistance R 3 is connected with the input of optocoupler OP1.
Adopted above-mentioned technical solution; when the present invention the situation of short circuit occurs when Switching Power Supply; the output power consumption of system reduces; energy savings; more important is to avoid circuit devcie; generation as the incident of burning of devices such as diode D2, transformer T1 eliminates safe hidden trouble, and plays the effect of protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of existing inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of existing inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit;
Fig. 3 is the switching power circuit block diagram that the present invention has the output short circuit protection function;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention has the switching power circuit of output short circuit protection function;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of force start circuit embodiments among the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3; Switching Power Supply output short circuit protection circuit of the present invention comprises: exchange input rectifying filter circuit 1, primary coil and switching circuit 2, power supervisor 100, power capacitor 5, ancillary coil and output rectification circuit 6, light-coupled isolation transmission circuit 10a, secondary coil and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11, error sampling circuit 12, error amplifying circuit 13a and pressure (initiatively) start-up circuit 14 and form.Wherein power supervisor 100 is power management chips that are integrated into by charging circuit 3, low-voltage protection circuit 4, oscillator 7, saw-toothed wave generator 8, pwm signal control and drive circuit 9, as the 384X family chip, and SG6841 chip etc.Wherein, Force start circuit 14 is connected between oscillator 7 and pwm signal control and the drive circuit 9; be used for control circuit supply voltage start-up course from low to high in low-voltage protection circuit 4 outputs; produce the switching pulse of several certain duty ratios; make system start-up; close the work of this circuit later in system start-up, by the loop control PWM of system so that system's operate as normal.
Civil power (alternating current) is converted into high direct voltage level V by rectification filtering module H, in start-up course, V HGive capacitor C 1 charging by charging circuit 3.The C1 storage of electrical energy, when C1 voltage is raised to certain value, low-voltage protection circuit 4 enters non-guard mode, output V DDLevel is for each several part work such as oscillator 7, saw-toothed wave generator 8, pwm signal control and drive circuit 9, force start circuit 14, light-coupled isolation transmission circuit 10a, output pwm control signal control primary coil and switching circuit work, when elementary coil switch conducting, electric energy is converted into magnetic energy and is stored in the transformer, when elementary coil is opened V AWhen turn-offing, the magnetic energy in the transformer is given V by attached index contour circle and output rectification circuit 5 CCPower supply is by secondary coil and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11 powering loads.
Output voltage is by the parameter of PWM, transformer, the decision of parameters such as output loading, and the Voltage Feedback ring of forming by output error sample circuit 12, error amplifying circuit 13a, light idol isolation and transmission circuit 10a and pwm signal control and drive circuit 9, control pwm signal duty ratio makes output voltage keep stable; The following (see figure 4) of voltage stabilizing process: if V OUTRaise, the feedback procedure of loop is as follows so: V OUT↑ → V A↑ → I R3↓ → I R4↓ → V C+↓ → PWM T ON↓ → V OUT↓, if V OUTDescend, then the feedback procedure of the control loop of PWM is opposite fully: V OUT↓ → V A↓ → I R3↑ → I R4↑ → V C+↑ → PWMT ON↑ → V OUT↑, work as load variations or other reasons as can be seen from above feedback procedure and cause that output voltage changes, can obtain adjusting by feedback procedure, make output voltage keep stable.As can be seen, circuit of the present invention and former circuit are forced (initiatively) start-up circuit and are had two local polarity opposite in feedback loop for circuit of the present invention increases in the main distinction on the feedback control loop, work as I R3, I R4The PWM that causes during variation changes in the opposite direction.Be that original circuit is worked as I R3, I R4During rising, PWM and P ODescend I R3, I R4PWM and P during decline ORise; And circuit I of the present invention R3, I R4During rising, PWM T ONAnd P OAlso rise I R3, I R4PWM T during decline ONAnd P OAlso descend.Its objective is that controlling output switching pulse width under normal feedback when the electric current in the light lotus root reduces also diminishes, control output switching pulse width also becomes big when the electric current in the light lotus root increases, and make the system voltage feedback control loop still be negative feedback, and present control circuit is just in time opposite.
Under circuit condition of the present invention, if output short-circuit, the protection process is as follows: V so OUT=0 → I R3=0 → I R4=0 → V C+=V C+MIN→ PWM=PWM MIN→ P O=0.Realize short-circuit protection.
If circuit output short-circuit originally can not be realized output protection, feed back as follows: V OUT=0 → I R3=0 → I R4=0 → V C+=V C+max→ PWM=PWM Max→ P O=P OMAX
If in circuit of the present invention, only change the Voltage Feedback ring then system can not start.This is because before system start-up, V OUT=0, I then R3, I R4=0, PWM T then ON=0, system can't be started forever, so increased the force start circuit at circuit of the present invention and general circuit ratio.See Fig. 4, the force start circuit is at V DDStart-up course from low to high in, the switching pulse that the force start circuit produces several certain duty ratios makes system start-up, closes the work of this partial circuit later in system start-up, makes system's operate as normal by the loop control PWM of system.The force start circuit can be realized by several different methods.
Fig. 5 is made up of elements such as Q1, C2, D4, R7, R8 for a kind of circuit of force start circuit.Simultaneous adaptation ground forms error amplifying circuit 13a with the error-polarity connection of the amplifier A in the described error amplifying circuit 13, and the resistance R 4 in the light-coupled isolation transmission circuit 10 that will be made up of optocoupler OP1, resistance R 3 and R4 is connected on the earth connection of optocoupler OP1.
Work as V INDuring voltage saltus step from low to high, because can not suddenling change, capacitor C 2 voltages upwards charge by 0 volt, in charging process, electric current is charged to capacitor C 2 by Q1, B, E knot, R7, R8, the Q1 conducting, OUT end output high level, this high level is superimposed upon the output of light-coupled isolation transmission circuit error signal, make it force the higher level of output, give pwm signal control and drive circuit.Make the pwm signal of pwm signal control and drive circuit output higher duty cycle, realize the force start of system.Passing in time, the voltage of C2 can be more and more higher, and the Q1 pipe turn-offs when voltage reaches certain value, and the OUT end no longer influences optocoupler output.D4 is the bleed off diode, when system turn-offs, can make the quick bleed off of C2 electric energy, prepares for starting next time.
Above embodiment is only for the usefulness that the present invention is described, but not limitation of the present invention, person skilled in the relevant technique, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make various conversion or variation, so all technical schemes that are equal to also should belong to category of the present invention and should be limited by each claim.

Claims (2)

1.一种具有输出短路保护功能的开关电源电路,包括交流输入整流滤波电路(1)、初级线圈和开关电路(2)、电源管理器(100)、电源电容(5)、辅助线圈及输出整流电路(6)、光耦隔离传输电路(10a)、次级线圈及整流滤波电路(11)、误差取样电路(12)和误差放大电路(13a),其中,电源管理器(100)是由充电电路(3)、低压保护电路(4)、振荡器(7)、锯齿波发生器(8)、PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)集成的一电源管理芯片,交流输入整流滤波电路(1)的输出端分别与所述初级线圈和开关电路(2)的输入端和电源管理器(100)的充电电路(3)的输入端相连,充电电路(3)的输出端与电源电容(5)的正极相连;辅助线圈及输出整流电路(6)的输出端与电源电容(5)的正极相连,电源电容(5)的正极与低压保护电路(4)的输入端相连,通过低压保护电路(4)的输出端向振荡器(7)、锯齿波发生器(8)、PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)和光耦隔离传输电路(10)供电;振荡器(7)、锯齿波发生器(8)与PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)依次相连;次级线圈及整流滤波电路(11)的输出端与误差取样电路(12)的输入端相连,误差取样电路(12)的输出端与误差放大电路(13a)的输入端相连,误差放大电路(13a)的输出端与光耦隔离传输电路(10a)的输入端相连,光耦隔离传输电路(10a)的输出端与PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)的输入端相连,PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)与初级线圈和开关电路(2)相连;其特征在于:1. A switching power supply circuit with an output short-circuit protection function, comprising an AC input rectification filter circuit (1), a primary coil and a switching circuit (2), a power manager (100), a power capacitor (5), an auxiliary coil and an output rectifier circuit (6), optocoupler isolation transmission circuit (10a), secondary coil and rectifier filter circuit (11), error sampling circuit (12) and error amplifier circuit (13a), wherein, the power manager (100) is composed of A power management chip integrated with charging circuit (3), low-voltage protection circuit (4), oscillator (7), sawtooth wave generator (8), PWM signal control and driving circuit (9), and AC input rectification and filtering circuit (1 ) output terminals are respectively connected with the input terminals of the primary coil and the switch circuit (2) and the input terminals of the charging circuit (3) of the power manager (100), and the output terminals of the charging circuit (3) are connected with the power capacitor (5 ) is connected to the positive pole; the output terminal of the auxiliary coil and the output rectifier circuit (6) is connected to the positive pole of the power supply capacitor (5), and the positive pole of the power supply capacitor (5) is connected to the input terminal of the low-voltage protection circuit (4). The output terminal of (4) supplies power to oscillator (7), sawtooth wave generator (8), PWM signal control and drive circuit (9) and optocoupler isolation transmission circuit (10); oscillator (7), sawtooth wave generator (8) is connected with PWM signal control and drive circuit (9) successively; It is connected with the input terminal of the error amplifier circuit (13a), the output terminal of the error amplifier circuit (13a) is connected with the input terminal of the optocoupler isolation transmission circuit (10a), and the output terminal of the optocoupler isolation transmission circuit (10a) is connected with the PWM signal control It is connected to the input end of the drive circuit (9), and the PWM signal control and drive circuit (9) is connected to the primary coil and the switch circuit (2); it is characterized in that: 所述开关电源电路还包括一强制启动电路(14),它连接在低压保护电路(4)的输出端与PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)的输入端之间,用于在低压保护电路(4)输出的控制电路电源(VDD)电压在由低到高的启动过程中,产生若干个设定的占空比的开关脉冲,使所述开关电源电路启动,在开关电源电路启动以后关闭该强制启动电路的工作,由开关电源电路的误差取样电路(12)、误差放大电路(13a)、光耦隔离传输电路(10a)和PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)组成的反馈环路控制调节开关脉冲宽度以使开关电源电路正常工作。The switching power supply circuit also includes a forced start circuit (14), which is connected between the output terminal of the low-voltage protection circuit (4) and the input terminal of the PWM signal control and drive circuit (9), and is used to activate the low-voltage protection circuit ( 4) During the start-up process of the output control circuit power supply (V DD ) voltage from low to high, several switching pulses with a set duty ratio are generated to start the switching power supply circuit and shut down after the switching power supply circuit is started. The work of this forced starting circuit is controlled by a feedback loop composed of an error sampling circuit (12), an error amplifier circuit (13a), an optocoupler isolation transmission circuit (10a) and a PWM signal control and drive circuit (9) of a switching power supply circuit. Adjust the switching pulse width to make the switching power supply circuit work normally. 2.根据权利要求1所述的具有输出短路保护功能的开关电源电路,其特征在于:所述的强制启动电路(14)是由三极管(Q1)、第一电容(C2)、稳压管(D4)、第一电阻(R7)、第二电阻(R8)所组成,所述三极管(Q1)的集电极与所述PWM信号控制和驱动电路(9)的输入端相连,发射极与所述低压保护电路的输出端连接,基极与第二电阻(R8)串接后与稳压管(D4)和第一电容(C2)的连接点相连,第一电阻(R7)跨接在所述低压保护电路的输出端与所述三极管(Q1)的基极之间,所述稳压管(D4)的负极与所述低压保护电路的输出端相连,正极与所述第一电容(C2)串接后接地;所述误差放大电路(13a)中的放大器(A)的正相端与误差取样电路(12)的输出端相连,反相端与基准电压(VREF)相连,将由光耦(OP1)、第三电阻(R3)和第四电阻(R4)组成的光耦隔离传输电路(10a)中的第四电阻(R4)与所述光耦(OP1)的输出端连接后接地,第三电阻(R3)与所述光耦(OP1)的输入端连接。2. The switching power supply circuit with output short-circuit protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the forced start circuit (14) is composed of a triode (Q1), a first capacitor (C2), a regulator tube ( D4), the first resistor (R7), and the second resistor (R8), the collector of the triode (Q1) is connected to the input terminal of the PWM signal control and drive circuit (9), and the emitter is connected to the input of the PWM signal control and drive circuit (9). The output end of the low-voltage protection circuit is connected, the base is connected in series with the second resistor (R8) and connected with the connection point of the voltage regulator tube (D4) and the first capacitor (C2), and the first resistor (R7) is connected across the Between the output terminal of the low-voltage protection circuit and the base of the triode (Q1), the negative pole of the voltage regulator tube (D4) is connected to the output terminal of the low-voltage protection circuit, and the positive pole is connected to the first capacitor (C2) Grounded after being connected in series; the non-inverting end of the amplifier (A) in the described error amplifier circuit (13a) is connected with the output end of the error sampling circuit (12), and the inverting end is connected with the reference voltage (V REF ), which will be connected by the optocoupler (OP1), the third resistor (R3) and the fourth resistor (R4) in the optocoupler isolation transmission circuit (10a) composed of the fourth resistor (R4) is connected to the output terminal of the optocoupler (OP1) and grounded, The third resistor (R3) is connected with the input terminal of the optocoupler (OP1).
CNB2004100536246A 2004-08-11 2004-08-11 A kind of switching power circuit with output short circuit protection function Expired - Lifetime CN100566105C (en)

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CN100566105C true CN100566105C (en) 2009-12-02

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100524998C (en) * 2006-06-14 2009-08-05 崇贸科技股份有限公司 Double-level low-voltage latch control circuit for improving power supply protection
CN101562393B (en) * 2008-09-10 2012-03-07 西安民展微电子有限公司 Secondary startup control circuit and switching power supply
CN102005942B (en) * 2010-11-05 2012-10-10 烟台东方威思顿电气有限公司 Method for acquiring low-voltage power from high-voltage electric line
CN102802062A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-11-28 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 Set-top box and switching power supply circuit thereof
CN107425741B (en) * 2017-07-18 2020-06-26 浙江凯耀照明股份有限公司 AC-DC conversion circuit with low-voltage protection
CN109765955B (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-10-09 中电科仪器仪表(安徽)有限公司 Voltage feedback control circuit
CN112564046B (en) * 2020-12-02 2023-08-11 河南嘉晨智能控制股份有限公司 Switching power supply short-circuit protection circuit
CN113410986B (en) * 2021-04-26 2024-07-16 上海智租物联科技有限公司 Low-power consumption power supply control method in circuit system

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