CN100547698C - 平均电压的电密封穿透结构 - Google Patents
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- H01B3/12—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances ceramics
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
本发明涉及电密封穿透结构，用于传送电能穿过核电站、带有核反应堆的运输装置、地下隧道的密封保护。本发明的目的是通过提高对电化学腐蚀的影响的稳定性来对电穿透结构提供长久的密封。这一目的的实现是由于这种电密封穿透结构由气压下的金属壳体、通过薄壁过渡部件连接于壳体并穿过伸缩箱的加衬绝缘子以及一体的电流导芯构成，电流导芯严格地密封，牢固地安装在加衬绝缘子内，其特征在于：在伸缩箱的表面上施加厚度为8-30微米的叠氮化钛的陶瓷-金属覆盖物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电密封穿透结构，其用于传送电能穿过核电站、带有核反应堆的运输装置、地下隧道等的密封保护。
背景技术
电穿透结构(所谓密封引入结构)是公知的，其传送高压电能穿过原子能发电站的密封茧式结构。这种电穿透结构具有气压下的密封壳体和加衬的绝缘子，这些绝缘子从两侧焊接于所述壳体。铜导体穿过这些绝缘子上的轴向孔。该铜导体由穿透结构外的一体的铜芯和穿透结构内的挠性导体元件构成。这些元件补偿当导体中流过短路电流或启动电流时增大的热膨胀。一些挠性的的电元件通过钎焊或压力联接于一个一体的铜芯，结合到牢固制造并且焊接的壳体内，在运行中它们不受到控制。在这种穿透结构中不允许存在不可控接触的联接，因为其保证核电站的防泄漏系统内的关键设备的供电(见美国专利US4237336，G21C013/04，1980)。
在技术实质上最相似的设计是用于向核电站的防泄漏系统内输入电能的电穿透结构(美国专利US3856983，分类号G21C013/04；H01B017/30，1974)。这种电穿透结构包括气压下的金属壳体、加衬的绝缘子和单体的电流导芯，那些绝缘子借助于薄壁的过渡部件连接于壳体，并穿过伸缩箱。单体电流导芯经严格的绝缘牢固地安装在加衬绝缘子内。导体的端部伸出壳体，它们被密封在加衬绝缘子内，而这些绝缘子又通过伸缩箱(金属隔膜)固定到壳体上，以使芯在竖直和水平方向上可以做有限的运动。这种公知的设计具有U形并且卷曲的金属伸缩箱。这些伸缩箱由温度膨胀系数低的合金制成。伸缩箱钎焊于陶瓷的绝缘子。所述合金(苯基合金、科瓦铁镍合金等)具有中等的腐蚀稳定性，但是受到电化学腐蚀。
现已证明，使用特定的合金使密封穿透结构的寿命和紧急状况运行的参数要求相当低(40年，150℃，5巴)。
目前规定在原子能电站的防泄漏系统内对穿透结构进行强化酸洗和碱洗的设计模式。这些酸和碱成了伸缩箱及与其相联的薄壁部件的电化学腐蚀的原因，因为它们积累在伸缩箱弯曲部分的深处，并且暴露于穿透结构周围的强大的电磁场的影响。
由于伸缩箱具有可以忽略不计的厚度，所以腐蚀部分的中心受到损害，电穿透结构失去其密封性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提高电穿透结构对于电化学腐蚀的影响的稳定性来提供其长久的密封性。
这一目的通过提供一种电穿透结构来实现，其包括气压下的金属壳体、加衬套的绝缘子和单体电流导芯，这些绝缘子经薄壁的过渡部件连接于壳体并穿过伸缩箱，所述单体电流导芯经严格的密封牢固地安装在加衬绝缘子内，其特征在于：在伸缩箱的表面上有由8-30微米厚的叠氮化钛(titan-trinitride)构成的陶瓷-金属覆盖物。可以将所述陶瓷金属覆盖物施加到薄壁的过渡部件上和过渡部件与伸缩箱焊接的地方。所述陶瓷-金属覆盖物可以由叠氮化钛制成，并通过一种真空离子轰击法施加。
下面借助于附图解释本发明的基本技术方案，其中图1为穿透结构的总体视图，图2为穿透结构的一个端面的纵剖面图。
平均电压的穿透结构包括壳体1和至少一个单体的且具有严格绝缘3的电流传导铜芯2，所述壳体处于可由压力仪表9控制的气压下。芯2的两端固定在加衬绝缘子4内，而加衬绝缘子穿过伸缩箱5固定在壳体1上。伸缩箱焊接在壳体1的薄壁部分上。这样，芯子2就夹紧在限制联接器(limit connector)7内，该限制联接器穿过伸缩箱8钎焊连接于加衬绝缘子。
具有叠氮化钛的陶瓷-金属保护的伸缩箱5和8对电流传导芯的热膨胀给予补偿。试验证实，当叠氮化钛的厚度为8-30微米时达到最佳设计参数。如果层厚小于8微米，这种覆盖并不提供对化学腐蚀的全保护。覆盖厚度大于30微米的层是禁止的，因为随着温度的增加和伸缩箱的压缩/膨胀，在覆盖上会出现裂口。这些裂口会成为腐蚀的入口。此外，较大厚度的覆盖损坏了胀缩盒本身的性能。
作为一项研究成果，已经证明，采用一种通过真空离子轰击施加的叠氮化钛的陶瓷-金属覆盖可以达到必要的运行性能。如果必要的话，可以将同样的保护施加到薄壁的过渡部件6上以及过渡部件6与伸缩箱5焊接的地方。
所述设计具有50-60年的使用寿命，承受紧急温度高达250℃，紧急压力高达7-9巴，这完全符合对这种设备的现代化的要求。
Claims (3)
1.电密封穿透结构，包括一气压下的金属壳体、通过薄壁过渡部件连接于壳体并穿过伸缩箱的加衬绝缘子和一体的电流导芯，该电流导芯严格地绝缘，紧紧地安装在加衬绝缘子内，在伸缩箱表面上施加厚度为8-30微米的叠氮化钛陶瓷-金属覆盖物。
2.如权利要求1的穿透结构，其特征在于：所述覆盖物施加到薄壁过渡部件上以及薄壁过渡部件与伸缩箱焊接的地方。
3.如权利要求1或2的穿透结构，其特征在于：所述金属-陶瓷覆盖物由厚度为8-30微米的叠氮化钛借助于真空离子轰击法形成。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2005104293 | 2005-02-17 | ||
| RU2005104293 | 2005-02-17 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101095203A CN101095203A (zh) | 2007-12-26 |
| CN100547698C true CN100547698C (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
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| CNB2005800456899A Expired - Fee Related CN100547698C (zh) | 2005-02-17 | 2005-06-02 | 平均电压的电密封穿透结构 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7281949B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1720177B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100547698C (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2006088387A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103065858B (zh) * | 2012-12-26 | 2015-09-02 | 中国航天时代电子公司 | 一种基于金属陶瓷的耐高压负载引出端结构及封接工艺 |
| EP3699934A1 (de) | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische durchführung für ein druckgehäuse |
| US10978225B1 (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-04-13 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | High-voltage insulator having multiple materials |
| CN112466582A (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-09 | 江西百新电瓷电气有限公司 | 一种地铁隧道用瓷绝缘子及其制作工艺 |
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| US3226467A (en) * | 1960-09-28 | 1965-12-28 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Double-walled ultra-high vacuum vessel defining a work chamber |
| US3158682A (en) * | 1962-04-02 | 1964-11-24 | Clark Reliance Corp | High pressure electrical probe |
| US3455708A (en) * | 1964-03-18 | 1969-07-15 | Physical Sciences Corp | Ceramic material |
| US3418423A (en) | 1966-12-23 | 1968-12-24 | Philips Corp | Fluorine-resistant electrical terminal |
| US3601526A (en) * | 1968-07-30 | 1971-08-24 | Conax Corp | Electrical penetrant structure |
| US3856983A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-12-24 | Conax Corp | Electrical penetrant structure |
| US4058671A (en) * | 1975-04-07 | 1977-11-15 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Electrical penetration assembly |
| US4041240A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1977-08-09 | Sipowicz Alexander D | Electrical feed-through assembly and method of making same |
| US4168394A (en) * | 1977-09-26 | 1979-09-18 | Yuey David D | Electric penetration assembly |
| US4237336A (en) | 1978-01-16 | 1980-12-02 | Kostjukov Nikolai S | Device for passing electrical and power installation conductors through protective shell separating clean zone from contaminated one and method of assembling same |
| US4313030A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1982-01-26 | Bunker Ramo Corporation | Electrical penetration apparatus and method of making same |
| US4310357A (en) * | 1980-05-14 | 1982-01-12 | Nippon Electric Glass Company, Limited | Low temperature sealing glass |
| US4371588A (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1983-02-01 | Kyle James C | Electrical insulating material with hermetic seal |
| US4425476A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1984-01-10 | Kyle James C | Progressively fused ceramic seals between spaced members such as a terminal pin and a ferrule |
| US4730231A (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1988-03-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Gas insulated metal-clad high voltage equipment with insulating bushing |
| US4963698A (en) * | 1985-05-02 | 1990-10-16 | Raychem Corporation | Cable sealing |
| US5702448A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1997-12-30 | Buechel; Frederick F. | Prosthesis with biologically inert wear resistant surface |
| US5401793A (en) * | 1991-03-20 | 1995-03-28 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Intumescent fire-resistant coating, fire-resistant material, and process for producing the fire-resistant material |
| GB9108148D0 (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1991-06-05 | Cosser Harry F | A high pressure,high temperature sealing arrangement |
| US5235138A (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1993-08-10 | Shah Jagdish H | Penetration plug for pressure vessels |
| US6758552B1 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 2004-07-06 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company | Integrated thin-film drive head for thermal ink-jet printer |
| RU2109083C1 (ru) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-04-20 | Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПРОФИЛЬ-С" | Способ плазменно-дугового нанесения покрытий в вакууме |
| US6160868A (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-12-12 | General Electric Company | X-ray tube apparatus employing liquid metal for heat removal |
| US20040075802A1 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2004-04-22 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Sealant for liquid crystal display cell, composition for liquid crystal display cell sealant and liquid crystal display element |
| US6396137B1 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2002-05-28 | Kevin Mark Klughart | Integrated voltage/current/power regulator/switch system and method |
| RU2209852C1 (ru) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-08-10 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Руспромремонт" | Способ обработки поверхностей металлических деталей |
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- 2005-06-02 CN CNB2005800456899A patent/CN100547698C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-02 EP EP05781255A patent/EP1720177B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-02 WO PCT/RU2005/000299 patent/WO2006088387A1/ru active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP1720177A4 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
| US20070066109A1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
| EP1720177A1 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
| EP1720177B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
| WO2006088387A8 (fr) | 2007-03-22 |
| WO2006088387A1 (fr) | 2006-08-24 |
| CN101095203A (zh) | 2007-12-26 |
| US7281949B2 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
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