CN100547262C

CN100547262C - Two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN100547262C
Application number: CNB2005101304999A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛剑青
Original assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Current assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Priority date: 2005-12-13
Filing date: 2005-12-13
Publication date: 2009-10-07
Anticipated expiration: 2025-12-13
Also published as: CN1982746A

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, which consists of a first-stage gear set and a second-stage gear set, wherein the first-stage gear set is provided with a horsepower input shaft which is connected with a sun gear in a shaft-to-shaft manner and is meshed with a plurality of planetary gears, the plurality of planetary gears are meshed in an inner ring gear, the inner ring gear is provided with a gear shaft provided with external teeth, the second-stage gear set is provided with a horsepower output shaft and a plurality of planetary gears, the plurality of planetary gears are meshed with the gear shaft provided with the external teeth of the first-stage gear set, the first-stage gear set and the second-stage gear set are provided with hidden oil passages, an oil passage system can be simplified, and the motion lubrication of a rotating part and a planetary gear bearing can be provided, and the planetary gear adopts a static pressure bearing which is mainly made of tin-based alloy of 86-90 percent tin, 2.7-3.5 percent copper and 6-7.5 percent, can bear high-speed and high-load operation.

Description

Secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism, relate in particular to a kind of high speed that engine power source end can be imported and hang down the reducing gear that torsion shaft work horsepower is converted to the output shaft work horsepower of the high torsion of low speed, tool second level sun tooth directly connects all-in-one-piece double reduction gearing group collocation mode with first order inner circular tooth and compares the economic value with lower manufacture cost with conventional art and can reduce volume, its concealed oil duct design can provide hydrostatic pressure bearing and between cog running to lubricate required simultaneously, and, its planetary gear box structure is because of output shaft, input shaft is a coaxial line, compare with the gear-box of traditional arranged parallel mode and to have saved usage space, and it at a high speed, the special karmarsch alloy prescription that the high capacity hydrostatic bearing is had can provide the bearing high abrasion, withstand voltage, the performance of anticorrosive and endurance life.

Background technique

At present by the widely used planetary pinion of mechanical industry, its effect is mainly used in reducing gear, but its basic framework referenced patent number is 4,656,891 the U. S. Patent " Planetary gear box with twodouble eccentrics " or the patent No. are 4,986, the content of 802 U. S. Patent " Planetary gear boxfor a jack ", generally speaking, use planetary reducing gear, its basic framework must have a sun gear, around a plurality of planetary pinions of engagement, is provided with by this multi-stage gear outside sun gear, can reach the purpose of deceleration, yet the general ubiquitous shortcoming of planetary gear reducing mechanism is that its complex structure is used in planetary pinion series connection at different levels, bulky and take up space; And each member must bear high rotating speed, high capacity, and is therefore high especially for the greasy property requirement, and especially the bearing of carrier gear must be set oil-way system to provide lubricated, therefore causes the complicated of lubricant passage way system.

Summary of the invention

Consider the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of can hang down the secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism that torsion shaft work horsepower is converted to the output shaft work horsepower of the high torsion of low speed with the high speed of engine power source end input, and it adopts double reduction gearing group collocation mode to compare the economic value with lower manufacture cost with conventional art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism, its partial sun tooth directly connects all-in-one-piece double reduction gearing group collocation mode with first order inner circular tooth and compares the economic value with lower manufacture cost with conventional art and can reduce volume.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism, and its concealed oil duct design can provide hydrostatic pressure bearing and between cog running to lubricate required simultaneously.

Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism, and its planetary gear box structure is a coaxial line because of output shaft, input shaft, compares with the gear-box of traditional arranged parallel mode and has saved usage space

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism, its at a high speed, the special karmarsch alloy prescription of high capacity hydrostatic bearing tool tool, the performance of bearing high abrasion, withstand voltage, anticorrosive and endurance life can be provided.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism, this secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism comprises:

One first order gear train, it has one horsepower of input shaft, in order to the at a high speed low torsion shaft work horsepower of input, a be coupling sun gear and this sun gear of this horsepower input shaft meshes a plurality of planetary pinions, and these a plurality of planetary pinions are engaged in the inner circular tooth wheel, this inner circular tooth wheel is provided with a gear shaft, and the end on this gear shaft is provided with external tooth;

One second level gear train, it has one horsepower of output shaft, and in order to output low speed high torsion shaft work horsepower, this horsepower output shaft is provided with a plurality of planetary pinions, and the external tooth on the gear shaft of these a plurality of epicyclic trains and described first order gear train is meshed.

Preferably, a plurality of planetary pinions of this first order gear train are arranged on the fixed supporting plate, a plurality of planetary pinions of this second level gear train are arranged at one and connect on the flange (Flange) of horsepower output shaft, fixedly supporting plate and horsepower output shaft flange all have a plurality of oil ducts, one end of this oil duct leads to external oil pipe, and the other end then is communicated with this a plurality of planetary pinions.

Preferably, this planetary pinion comprises:

One external gear;

One hydrostatic bearing, it is located in the external gear, has the oil duct that radially connects bearing centre, and is provided with groove at the hydrostatic bearing outer side wall and is communicated with this oil duct;

One fixing pin, it is located in the hydrostatic bearing and on the supporting plate, have oil duct between this fixing pin and the hydrostatic bearing, and this oil duct is communicated with the radial direction oil of described hydrostatic bearing;

Oil duct between the oil duct of described supporting plate and this fixing pin and hydrostatic bearing, and the radial direction oil of hydrostatic bearing is communicated with the formation path.

Preferably, this hydrostatic bearing is a kamash alloy.

Preferably, this kamash alloy is mainly with the composition of proportions of 86-90% tin, 2.7-3.5% copper, 6-7.5% antimony and other metal.

Preferably, have a gap between this fixing pin and the hydrostatic bearing, this gap is for being communicated with the oil duct of supporting plate;

The groove of this hydrostatic bearing outer side wall makes hydrostatic bearing outer side wall and external gear madial wall form a gap;

This hydrostatic bearing has at least one oil duct that radially connects the hydrostatic bearing body, and the set groove of an end of this oil duct and described hydrostatic bearing outer side wall is communicated with.

Preferably, this first order gear train and this second level gear train supporting plate all have a plurality of oil ducts, and these a plurality of oil ducts have a plurality of through holes, and partial through holes is towards hydrostatic bearing, and partial through holes is then in the middle of planetary pinion.

Preferably, be provided with an axial closed groove in the horsepower output shaft of this second level gear train and constitute accumulator, this accumulator is communicated with a plurality of oil ducts that radially connect the horsepower output shaft, and a plurality of oblique planetary through holes that lead to that connect horsepower output shaft flange, be provided with a connection piece between accumulator and the external oil pipe in this horsepower output shaft, this link comprises:

One grommet, it is fixedly arranged on the gearhousing endoporus, and this gearhousing wears for external oil pipe, and this grommet has ring shaped oil passage in to be passed through in order to the lubricant oil of accepting external oil pipe and providing, and is provided with a bearing between fixing grommet and horsepower output shaft;

One axle sleeve, it is sheathed on outside horsepower output shaft, is provided with a bearing between itself and the described grommet, and this axle sleeve has an oilhole that connects, and an end of this oilhole can be communicated with the interior ring shaped oil passage of grommet, and the other end then is fixed in the oil duct that connection radially connects horsepower output shaft;

Described axle sleeve, horsepower output shaft, bearing inner ring are interference fit, but one rotate synchronously, and fixedly have a gap between grommet and the axle sleeve, make when axle sleeve rotates synchronously with the horsepower output shaft not to fixedly grommet formation interference.

Description of drawings

Included accompanying drawing is used to further specify the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 shows the generalized section according to first order gear train of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows the generalized section according to the second level of the present invention gear train;

Fig. 3 shows the generalized section according to first order gear train of the present invention and the combination of second level gear train;

Fig. 4 shows the schematic representation according to the concealed oil leab of first order gear train of the present invention; And

Fig. 5 shows the exploded perspective view according to planetary gear construction of the present invention.

Wherein, reference character:

10-first order gear train 11-horsepower input shaft 12-inner circular tooth wheel

13-planetary pinion 131-external gear 132-hydrostatic bearing

1321-groove 133-fixing pin 14-internal gear

15-is supporting plate 151-oil duct 152,153-through hole fixedly

16-front gear box shell 17-sun gear 18-gear shaft

181-external tooth 20-second level gear train 21-horsepower output shaft

211-axial notch 23-planetary pinion 231-external gear

232-hydrostatic bearing 233-fixing pin 25-flange (Flange)

252,253-through hole 26-rear gear box shell 261-fixed structure

3,4-

external oil pipe

31,32,41,42,43-oil duct 5-link

51-is grommet 52,54-bearing 53-axle sleeve fixedly

D1, d2, d3-gap θ-spray angle

Embodiment

Describe the present invention for reaching employed technological means of its goal of the invention and effect hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, and the embodiment shown in the following drawings only is an aid illustration, the present invention is not limited to described accompanying drawing.

Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, secondary planetary gear reducing mechanism provided by the present invention, by first order gear train 10 shown in Figure 1, and second level gear train 20 shown in Figure 2 constitutes; This first order gear train 10 has a horsepower input shaft 11 in order to the at a high speed low torsion shaft work horsepower of input, the sun gear 17 that is located in this horsepower input shaft 11 and drives by horsepower input shaft 11, these sun gear 17 engagements also drive a plurality of planetary pinions 13, these 13 of a plurality of planetary pinions are engaged in the inner circular tooth wheel 12, this inner circular tooth wheel 12 is provided with a gear shaft 18, end on this gear shaft 18 is provided with external tooth 181, mandatory declaration be, for simplifying accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 only shows one group of planetary pinion 13 to Fig. 3, these a plurality of planetary pinions 13 are arranged at one fixedly on the supporting plate 15, fixedly 15 of supporting plates are arranged in the front gear box shell 16, simultaneously with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, this planetary pinion 13 is by an external gear 131, one is located in the hydrostatic bearing 132 in the external gear 131, one is located in the fixing pin 133 that reaches on the supporting plate 15 in the hydrostatic bearing 132 constitutes, has a gap d 1 between this fixing pin 133 and the hydrostatic bearing 132 to form oil duct 31, this hydrostatic bearing 132 has the oil duct 32 that radially connects hydrostatic bearing 132 bodies, these bearing 132 outer side walls have groove 1321 and are communicated with oil duct 32, make hydrostatic bearing 132 outer side walls and external gear 131 madial walls form a gap d 2, this groove 1321 can have the oil storage effect, secondly, this supporting plate 15 is an interlayer framework, tool becomes a plurality of oil ducts 151 in it, one end of this oil duct 151 connects external oil pipe 3, the other end then forms paths with the oil duct 31 of this planetary pinion 13, as shown in Figure 4, these a plurality of oil ducts 151 have the through hole 152 towards hydrostatic bearing 132, and the through hole 153 in the middle of planetary pinion 13; By above-mentioned concealed oil duct design, lubricant oil can be imported the oil duct 151 of supporting plate 15 from external oil pipe 3, parts of lubricating oil enters oil duct 31 through through hole 152, can form oil film in the gap d 1 of fixing pin 133 and hydrostatic bearing 132 lubrication is provided, lubricant oil is flowed through oil duct 32 again to the groove 1321 of hydrostatic bearing 132 with external gear 131 centres, the oil storage function that is had by groove 1321, lubrication when providing hydrostatic bearing 132 to rotate with external gear 131, and parts of lubricating oil process through hole 153 is ejected in the middle of the planetary pinion 13, its preferable spray angle θ is about 28 °, can provide planetary pinion 13 lubricated with the between cog of sun tooth 17 and 12 engagements of inner circular tooth wheel.

This second level gear train 20 has a rear gear box shell 26, the front gear box shell 16 of itself and above-mentioned first order gear train 10 is screwed with bolt, this second level gear train 20 has a horsepower output shaft 21 in order to the high torsion shaft work of output low speed horsepower, this horsepower output shaft 21 is provided with a flange 25 that can rotate with horsepower output shaft 21 towards an end of first order gear train 10, on the face of first order gear train 10, be provided with a plurality of planetary pinions 23 at this flange 25, these a plurality of planetary pinions 23 are meshed with external tooth 181 on the gear shaft 18 of above-mentioned first order gear train 10 simultaneously, an and inner circular tooth 14 that is installed in front gear box shell 16, this planetary pinion 23 is by an external gear 231, one is located in the hydrostatic bearing 232 in the external gear, one is located in the fixing pin 233 that reaches on the flange 25 in the hydrostatic bearing 232 constitutes, its structure and function are identical with the planetary pinion 13 that aforementioned first order gear train 10 is adopted, so no longer given unnecessary details at this; Mandatory declaration be the concealed oil duct design of relevant this second level gear train 20, be provided with an axial notch 211 in this horsepower output shaft 21, axial notch 211 connections one radially connect the oil duct 43 of horsepower output shaft 21, and a plurality of oblique through holes 252 that lead to planetary pinion 23 that connect horsepower output shaft 21 and flange 25, this through hole 252 runs through flange 25 backs towards hydrostatic bearing 232, its effect is identical with through hole 152 shown in Figure 4, these through hole 252 other bypass have through hole 253 in the middle of planetary pinion 23, this through hole 252,253 functions that can reach and through hole 152 shown in Figure 4,153 is identical, do not given unnecessary details equally at this; Because this horsepower output shaft 21 is rotary state, so and between the external oil pipe 4 a connection piece 5 must be set, this link 5 comprises a fixing grommet 51, should be fixedly grommet 51 be fixedly arranged on the fixed structure 261 times that rear gear box shell 26 had, this fixed structure 261 wears for external oil pipe 4, should be fixedly grommet 51 have an interior ring shaped oil passage 41 and pass through in order to the lubricant oil of accepting external oil pipe 4 and providing, fixedly be provided with an axle sleeve 53 between grommet 51 and the horsepower output shaft 21, this axle sleeve 53 is sheathed on outside horsepower output shaft 21, itself and fixedly be provided with a bearing 54 between the grommet 51, this axle sleeve 53 has a corresponding oilhole 42, one end of this oilhole 42 is communicated with the fixedly oil duct 41 of grommet 51, the other end then is communicated with the oil duct 43 that radially connects horsepower output shaft 21, this axle sleeve 53, horsepower output shaft 21, bearing 54 is interference fit, so but one is rotated synchronously, and should be fixedly have a gap d 3 between grommet 51 and the axle sleeve 53, make when axle sleeve 53 rotates synchronously with horsepower output shaft 21 unlikely to fixedly grommet 51 formation interference; By above-mentioned concealed oil duct design, lubricant oil can be imported axial notches 211 via

oil duct

41,42,43 and is stored in it from external oil pipe 4, the lubricant oil that is stored in the axial notch 211 leads to these a plurality of planetary pinions 23 and sprays in planetary pinion 23 middle via through hole 252,253 again, its effect that can reach is identical with the concealed oil duct design of the planetary pinion 13 of aforementioned first order gear train 10, is no longer given unnecessary details.

According to as can be known above-mentioned, continuous lubrication oil film when high speed of the present invention, 131,232 runnings of high capacity hydrostatic bearing can provide gear weight to support, and compare with the conventional roll needle bearing and can improve rotating speed, save the space, so must satisfy following requirement for this hydrostatic bearing 131,232:

1. good withstand voltage and endurance life is arranged to bear high load, must have soft and low melting point and low elastic modulus so simultaneously;

2. must resist wearing and tearing or exogenous impurity enters;

3. the size of opposing wearing and tearing and friction factor is because all bearings must turn round a period of time under the condition of filmlubrication;

4. corrosion resistance;

5. manufacture cost.

According to the hydrostatic bearing design code, bearing play and load, surface roughness, the axle journal diameter, material, the use linear velocity is relevant, and the lubricant oil viscosity, cleanliness factor, temperature, the influence of variation in pressure is also very big, for satisfying above-mentioned characteristic requirement, hydrostatic bearing of the present invention can adopt the medium carbon alloy steel of AISI 1045 to be base material and it is carried out quenching with Subsequent tempering, its hardness height, cost is low and be easy to make, re-using the karmarsch alloy layer that the sprayed coating mode makes the about 0.5mm of thickness is attached on this medium carbon alloy steel base material, again through finish turning, the polished surface coating is to the final size of using, and this kamash alloy is with 86-90% tin, 2.7-3.5% copper, the composition of proportions of 6-7.5% antimony and other metal is best.

Through experiment, when the present invention is applied to 500kW turbine generation unit reduction gear box, can be decelerated to 1800rpm by 30000rpm, moment of torsion can increase to 5 by 318Nm, and 304Nm proves that the present invention really can reach actual effect, and in sum, the present invention has following characteristics:

1. the gear shaft with external tooth 181 18 of first order gear train 10 can be used as the sun tooth of second level gear train 20, need not by transmission power such as fastener, coupling, it is compared with traditional approach has less part, more easy-to-assemble advantage, can reduce manufacture cost, has the market competitiveness.

2. its horsepower output shaft, input shaft are coaxial line, compare with traditional arranged parallel mode and have saved usage space.

3. the carriage 15 of its first order gear train 10 is fixing, and inner circular tooth wheel 12 is movable, and is opposite with traditional set-up mode, shares part abrasion and load so can improve second level gear train 20, makes service life of gear comparatively average.

4. its

planetary pinion

13,23 is compared with the small gear of parallel axes set-up mode, has low pitch line velocity, can promote the life-span and the reliability of parts such as bearing, gear.

5. concealed oil duct design owing to can provide revolving part and hydrostatic bearing reliable and effective at the volley lubricated simultaneously, therefore can be simplified oil-way system, and can reduce the use of external oil pipe, solves the problem of insufficient space.

6. concealed oil duct design can provide revolving part and hydrostatic bearing to lubricate simultaneously, so can adopt identical lubricant oil with turbine engine, for example VG-32 can reduce cost.

7. it is required that the design of hydrostatic bearing 132,232 surface-coated oil films can be satisfied the high wear resistance and the high capacity that run up, avoids flank of tooth metal when engagement to produce high temperature and melting and destroy, and compare with traditional roller needle bearing and can run on higher speed.

8. the kamash alloy hydrostatic bearing that adopts special formulation to make has superperformance, can bear high speed, high capacity running.

The above only is a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope that does not limit the present invention and implemented.That is, the variations and modifications of in not breaking away from the present invention's spirit and essential scope claim of the present invention being done all should belong to the scope that claim of the present invention covers.

Claims

1. A two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism, comprising:

A first-stage gear set, which has a horsepower input shaft for inputting high-speed low-torque horsepower, the horsepower input shaft is connected to a sun gear and the sun gear meshes with a plurality of planetary gears, and the plurality of planetary gears also meshes with a In the inner ring gear, the inner ring gear is provided with a gear shaft, and one end of the gear shaft is provided with external teeth, and a plurality of planetary gears of the first stage gear set are arranged on a fixed supporting plate, and the fixed type The supporting plate has multiple oil passages;

The planetary gears of the first stage gear set include:

an external gear;

A static pressure bearing, the shaft of which is arranged in the external gear, has an oil passage radially penetrating through the bearing body, and a groove is provided on the outer wall of the hydrostatic bearing to communicate with the oil passage;

A fixed pin, the shaft of which is arranged in the hydrostatic bearing and the fixed supporting plate, there is an oil passage between the fixed pin and the hydrostatic bearing, and the oil passage communicates with the radial oil passage of the hydrostatic bearing;

The oil passage of the fixed support plate communicates with the oil passage between the fixed pin and the hydrostatic bearing, and the radial oil passage of the hydrostatic bearing to form a passage;

A second-stage gear set, which has a horsepower output shaft for outputting low-speed high-torque horsepower, the horsepower output shaft is provided with multiple planetary gears, and the multiple planetary gears of the second-stage gear set are arranged on the horsepower output shaft The flange has a plurality of oil passages, and the plurality of planetary gears of the second-stage gear set mesh with the external teeth on the gear shaft of the first-stage gear set;

The planetary gears of the second stage gear set include:

an external gear;

A static pressure bearing, the shaft of which is arranged in the external gear, has an oil passage radially penetrating the center of the bearing, and a groove is provided on the outer side wall of the hydrostatic bearing to communicate with the oil passage;

A fixed pin, the shaft of which is arranged in the static pressure bearing and on the flange, there is an oil channel between the fixed pin and the static pressure bearing, and the oil channel communicates with the radial oil channel of the static pressure bearing.

2. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein one end of the oil channel of the flange leads to an external oil pipe, and the other end communicates with a plurality of planetary gears of the second-stage gear set .

3. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the hydrostatic bearing is tin-based alloy.

4. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the tin-based alloy mainly comprises 86-90% tin, 2.7-3.5% copper and 6-7.5% antimony.

5. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that:

There is a gap between the fixed pin and the hydrostatic bearing, and the gap communicates with the oil channel of the supporting plate;

The groove on the outer side wall of the static pressure bearing forms a gap between the outer side wall of the static pressure bearing and the inner side wall of the external gear;

The static pressure bearing has at least one oil channel radially penetrating the body of the static pressure bearing, and one end of the oil channel communicates with the groove provided on the outer wall of the static pressure bearing.

6. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiple oil passages of the fixed support plate have multiple through holes, some of which face the hydrostatic bearing, and some of the through holes face The middle of the planetary gear of the first-stage gear set, and the oil channel of the flange has a plurality of through holes, some of which are facing the hydrostatic bearing, and some of the through holes are facing the planetary gear of the second-stage gear set middle.

7. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein an axial groove is provided in the horsepower output shaft of the second stage gear set, and the axial groove communicates with a radially through horsepower The oil passage of the output shaft, and a plurality of through holes leading to the planetary gears obliquely through the horsepower output shaft and the flange.

8. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, a connecting piece is provided between the horsepower output shaft and the external oil pipe, and the connecting piece includes:

A fixed bushing ring, which is fixed on a rear gearbox casing, the rear gearbox casing is used for the external oil pipe to pass through, and the fixed bushing ring has an oil passage for receiving the external oil pipe for the passage of lubricating oil;

A shaft sleeve, which is sleeved between the horsepower output shaft and the fixed part, and a bearing is arranged between it and the rear gearbox shell, the shaft sleeve has an oil hole, and one end of the oil hole communicates with the annular inner oil of the fixed bushing ring The other end is connected to the oil passage radially penetrating the horsepower output shaft;

The shaft sleeve is in interference fit with the horsepower output shaft and the bearing, and can rotate synchronously as a whole. There is a gap between the fixed lining ring and the shaft sleeve, so that the shaft sleeve does not interfere with the fixed lining ring when the shaft sleeve rotates synchronously with the horsepower output shaft.