CN100546209C - Multipath searching method and device thereof in the mobile communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of multipath searching method and device of novel mobile channel.Multipath searching method of the present invention and device are estimated the time-delay in current footpath according to the power time-delay spectrum of N time slot coherent accumulation and M frame noncoherent accumulation, its channel quality is estimated in the footpath that is assigned with for the last time in the H frame on the other hand, according to its channel quality it is made trade-offs.The two output merges the result who obtains current Multipath searching in some way.The present invention has bigger improvement to the Multipath searching performance, under multipath fading comparison serious situation very high robustness is arranged.Multipath searching method of the present invention can accurately reflect channel quality in the wireless transmission environment, the variation of tracking environmental, the variation of reflection multipath component on position and energy in real time, the detection multipath signal of maximum possible, the accuracy and the validity of assurance Multipath searching.

Description

Multipath searching method and device thereof in the mobile communication system

One, technical field:

The present invention relates to 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system), particularly Rake (RAKE) receiver discloses multipath searching method and device thereof in a kind of mobile communication system to the method and apparatus of the novel Multipath searching in the mobile communication.

Two, background technology:

In mobile communication, owing to the reflection or the diffraction that transmit in transmission course, what receiving terminal received will be the stack of the different mulitpath signal of time-delay, and its time delay regularity of distribution meets the rule that is evenly distributed.Because travelling carriage and the relative motion of object on every side, the amplitude and the time-delay in different footpaths constantly change, and the energy in footpath presents the rapid fading characteristic.

In code division multiple address communication system, send signal and send through after the band spectrum modulation processing.Through the RAKE receiving system,, compensate the distortion of mobile channel respectively at receiving terminal, and press the certain way merging, reach the opposing influence of fading, increase antijamming capability, improve communication performance its phase place with the multipath information separated.Gain when the search capability in footpath has directly determined to merge is so the performance of Multipath searching is most important when RAKE receives.

Traditional multipath searching method is done threshold judgement to power time-delay spectrum, is higher than thresholding and is considered as the footpath, is lower than thresholding and is considered as noise.This algorithm is very responsive to the value of thresholding, also can give up the lower footpath of some energy when thresholding is higher when removing noise, and thresholding when low false alarm probability obviously increase.The reduction that the omission in footpath and false-alarm all can cause communication performance so multipath searching device should guarantee that directly detection probability reaches or approaches 1, also will guarantee false alarm probability near 0, could guarantee the receptivity of Rake receiver like this.

Three, summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide multipath searching method and device thereof in a kind of novel mobile communication system, avoided being assigned with the path of demodulation branch and when instantaneous fading takes place, rejected easily.Meanwhile, the inventive method and device are in time searched for the active path that makes new advances when channel circumstance changes, guarantee the accuracy of path allocation.

According to the present invention, multipath searching method comprises following step:

The first step, received signal and local known pilot signal carried out related calculation on each possible time-delay position obtains power time-delay spectrum, therefrom obtains alternative footpath after power time-delay spectrum is done respective handling, wherein specifically comprises following processing:

1) received signal and local known pilot signal are carried out related calculation on each possible time-delay position, the coherent signal that obtains is carried out coherent accumulation mean deviation calculating energy to obtain power time-delay spectrum at the N slot length;

2) noncoherent accumulation of doing the M frame is composed in the power time-delay, with level and smooth power time-delay spectrum;

3) position of therefrom finding out current footpath by certain processing and selection scheme is composed in the power time-delay, concrete steps are as follows:

3a) select a footpath of energy maximum from power time-delay spectrum, be designated as a current footpath, it is directly delayed time and is τ;

3b) remove in power time-delay spectrum by forming filter and cause, the footpath into τ of delaying time is at interval [τ-Δ τ ₁, τ+Δ τ ₁] response, and remove in the power time-delay spectrum and be positioned at interval [τ-Δ τ ₂, τ+Δ τ ₂] power spectrum (value of being made as 0), Δ τ wherein ₁＞Δ τ ₂With time-delay for the footpath of τ as an alternative footpath;

3c) go to 3a) continue to select other footpaths, up to the X bar footpath of being full;

4) performance number of representing noise (being the part that is not eliminated in the power time-delay spectrum) in the power time-delay spectrum is asked its average, and the R of average doubly is made as thresholding, the footpath that is higher than thresholding is designated as current footpath, and the footpath that is lower than thresholding is rejected;

5) periodically adjust the width and the precision of power time-delay spectrum: establish that spectral line is spaced apart Δ τ in the power time-delay spectrum, and power time-delay spectrum contains K bar spectral line altogether, and the time interval in the footpath of minimum time-delay that can detect of power time-delay spectrum and maximum delay is K * Δ τ so.Operation when periodically adjusting power time-delay spectrum ground width and precision is: spectral line is increased to 2 * Δ τ or 4 * Δ τ at interval, the time-delay interval width that can detect so expands to K * 2 * Δ τ or K * 4 * Δ τ, favourable selection average period that adjustment cycle produces and withers away according to the footpath.

In second step, the multipath information that branch comprised of distributing from the last time is by obtaining keeping the delayed data in footpath after handling, and concrete processing method is as follows:

Estimate the signal interference ratio (SIR) in the last path that is assigned with, assess its quality, give up second-rate footpath, keep quality path preferably according to signal interference ratio.The concrete steps that signal interference ratio calculates are as follows:

1) calculate the H frame average symbol energy of the received signal of each branch, symbol energy also can be used for next step;

2) the phase mutual interference of energy between eliminating directly;

3) calculate the average interference energy of each branch;

4) obtain the signal interference ratio of each branch divided by the average interference energy with the average symbol energy;

5) signal interference ratio and the signal interference ratio thresholding with each branch compares, and the conduct that is higher than the signal interference ratio thresholding keeps the footpath and is used for following step, and the noise that is considered as that is lower than the signal interference ratio thresholding abandons.The signal interference ratio thresholding is taken as the requirement that Rake is merged contributive minimum signal interference ratio.

In the 3rd step, the alternative footpath that the first step is obtained merges in the reservation footpath that second step obtained as the result of this Multipath searching with certain rule, and it is as follows to merge rule:

1) if be assigned the reservation footpath on the alternative path position, alternative footpath directly can be abandoned;

2) if alternative footpath next door ± Δ τ ₂Do not keep the footpath in the scope, can be alternative footpath distribution branch; If but all branches all are assigned with, to see then whether strong than the most weak reservation footpath alternative footpath is: in this way, then the most weak reservation is directly replaced with alternative footpath; Otherwise this alternative footpath is abandoned;

3) if alternative footpath next door ± Δ τ ₂Withing a hook at the end in the scope directly, will see that then alternative footpath is one the strongest inside these footpaths, in this way, then is its distribution branch, and cancellation ± Δ τ ₂The branch that keeps the footpath in the scope; As not being then this alternative footpath to be abandoned.

According to above explanation, the multipath searching device of Rake receiver of the present invention comprises following components:

Pilot tone is correlated with and N time slot coherent accumulation equilibration device: be used for the relevant of received signal and frequency pilot sign and the coherent accumulation mean deviation calculating energy in the N time slot and obtain power time-delay spectrum.

M frame noncoherent accumulation equilibration device: power time-delay spectrum is carried out noncoherent accumulation on average to obtain level and smooth power time-delay spectrum in the M frame.

Device is selected in the footpath: comprising minimum interval, footpath protective device, footpath interference blanking unit and thresholding calculate and judgment device.

The signal interference ratio estimation unit of branch: comprising the calculation element of average energy, the footpath is interference blanking unit each other, the calculation element of average interference.

The choice device of branch: according to the signal interference ratio of branch to its device that makes trade-offs.

The merging device in footpath: the alternative footpath of current search is merged in the branch reservation footpath in a certain way, obtain the result of this path allocation.

Four, description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the theory structure block diagram of multipath searching device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the relevant and N time slot coherent accumulation equilibration device theory structure block diagram of pilot tone;

Fig. 3 is the realization flow figure that footpath system of selection in the device is selected in the footpath;

Fig. 4 is the theory structure block diagram of the signal interference ratio estimation unit of branch;

Fig. 5 is the flow chart that the footpath merges the device implementation among the present invention.

Five, embodiment:

According to Fig. 1, the multipath searching device of Rake receiver of the present invention comprises following components: pilot tone is relevant selects the signal interference ratio estimation unit of device, branch, the choice device of branch, the merging device in footpath with N time slot coherent accumulation equilibration device, M frame noncoherent accumulation equilibration device, footpath.

Below describe the embodiment of each device among the present invention respectively in detail.

Relevant and the N time slot coherent accumulation equilibration device of pilot tone:

According to Fig. 2, coherent accumulator carries out descrambling and de-spreading to the received signal on each sampling location in certain reference time delay to be handled, then the signal of descrambling and de-spreading is carried out the frequency pilot sign coupling, thereby the signal after the coupling is again through cumulative mean with ask computing module-square just to obtain current N time slot to have constituted power time-delay spectrum in each locational pilot symbol energies of delaying time.N can advantageously be taken as the highest translational speed pairing fading period half comprise timeslot number.And coherent accumulator is done periodic change to the signals sampling rate according to the width of periodically adjusting power time-delay spectrum and the method for precision.For example in the high-speed mobile earth communication system (speed=120 kilometer per hour) can get the N=2 time slot, change cycle=360 time slot of Multipath searching ground width and precision.

The input of this device is the chip signal that receives, and output is a power time-delay of every N time slot output spectrum.

M frame noncoherent accumulation equilibration device:

This device is done cumulative mean with power time-delay spectrum in the M frame time, smoothing effect has been composed in time-delay to power.The power time-delay spectrum that M can advantageously choose after making smoothly reaches predetermined Reliability.Can use the finite impulse response filter of smoothing effect, include but not limited to cumulative mean, or the single order IIR filter, the exponent number of filter and coefficient are determined jointly by M and N.For example, the power time-delay spectrum that produces for per two time slots (N=2) need 30 time slots (i.e. 2 frames, M=2) interior cumulative mean can be selected the finite impulse respective filter so, coefficient is { 1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15,1/15}.

The input of this device is a power time-delay of an every N time slot input spectrum, and one of every M frame output power time-delay spectrum after level and smooth.

Device is selected in the footpath:

The effect of directly selecting device is to find out rationally reliable footpath the power time-delay after level and smooth is composed, and has comprised following feature:

1. the minimum at interval protection in footpath: the minimum interval of setting between two footpaths is Δ τ ₂, select parameter size, for example Δ τ according to the forming filter characteristic ₂=1 times of chip period;

2. footpath interference eliminated: after from power time-delay spectrum, finding out a footpath, must from power time-delay spectrum, continue to seek next bar footpath then to the influence of other time-delay positions of power time-delay spectrum in this footpath of all or part of elimination.Way is to be in it ± Δ τ in composing delaying time at power according to this footpath of forming filter coefficient estimation earlier ₁The influence of each sampled point in the scope is composed elimination all or part of the power of each sampled point by this influence that directly brings from the power time-delay then, does the detection in other footpaths according to the power time-delay spectrum after upgrading.Select Δ τ according to the forming filter characteristic ₁Size, Δ τ for example ₁=2 times of chip period.Concrete implementation detail is: suppose that power time-delay spectrum is p (t) and establishes spectral line and be spaced apart Δ τ, and forming filter includes but not limited to root raised cosine filter, coefficient is h (n), and the main lobe peak value of h (n) is located at the n=0 place, ought detect at t=t so ₀When the position had a footpath to exist, the interference of the sampled point of this its n * Δ τ that directly adjusts the distance was I ₀(n)=p (t ₀) * h ²(n)/h ²(0), is in t in the power time-delay spectrum ₀Value after the power of+n * Δ τ position upgrades is p ' (t ₀+ n * Δ τ)=p (t ₀+ n * Δ τ)-α I ₀(n), wherein α ∈ [0,1] eliminates the factor;

3. threshold judgement: the power spectrum of representing noise (being by the part of directly not selected device to remove in the power time-delay spectrum) in the power time-delay spectrum asked on average obtain average noise power, the R that the minimum power in footpath is made as average noise power doubly, be about to R that threshold value is made as average noise doubly, the footpath that power is higher than threshold value keeps, and the footpath that power is lower than threshold value is regarded as noise and gives up.R can advantageously choose according to the footpath detection probability that hope reaches.

The input and output of this device are level and smooth power time-delay spectrums of every M frame input, and the result is selected in the output footpath.

Directly the selection scheme as shown in Figure 3: wherein X is the number of wishing maximum detected footpaths, and for example X is chosen as 6 according to the branch's resource of Rake receiver and the characteristics of mobile channel.

According to Fig. 3, done the M frame when power time-delay spectrum and can select device in power time-delay spectrum, selected footpath is found out by the footpath after level and smooth.Specify as follows:

1. in power time-delay spectrum, select the footpath of an energy maximum to be designated as l;

2. eliminate the interference of footpath l according to these device characteristic 2 described methods to other parts of power time-delay spectrum;

3. will be positioned in the power time-delay spectrum near the l of footpath ± Δ τ ₂The spectral line value be made as for 0 (comprising himself);

4. judge whether to find X bar footpath:

Not, then execution in step 1.,

Be then to carry out next step;

5. the method for describing according to this device characteristic 3 is directly done threshold judgement to the X bar of selecting and is obtained alternative footpath.

The signal interference ratio estimation unit of branch:

According to Fig. 4, suppose that the received signal sequence is { α ₁, a ₂..., a _i... a _I, the average signal energy is so

And the average interference energy is

Wherein $\stackrel{\‾}{a}=\underset{n=1}{\overset{I}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n/I.$

The method of interference eliminated is to consider phase mutual interference between two footpaths and to the influence of average signal energy between the footpath, when the interval in two footpaths less than Δ τ ₁The time, detected footpath signal energy can be subjected to the influence of another footpath signal energy, thereby need eliminate interference.Removing method is as follows:

The signal energy of supposing the detection in l bar footpath is P _l, as Δ τ ₁Between be separated with L bar footpath, the detected energy P in these footpaths then _lWith the energy P that revises _l' relation can be in order to following The Representation Equation:

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{p}_1\\ p_2\\ .\\ .\\ p_L\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}1& {(h\left(n_{12}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{13}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& .& {(h\left(n_{1L}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2\\ {(h\left(n_{21}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& 1& {(h\left(n_{23}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& .& {(h\left(n_{2L}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2\\ {(h\left(n_{31}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{32}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& 1& .& {(h\left(n_{3L}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2\\ .& .& .& .& .\\ {(h\left(n_{L1}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{L2}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{L3}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& .& 1\end{array}\right]*\left[\begin{array}{c}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="p"\; filenames="C20041001765000152.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">p</figure-callout>}}_1}^{\&prime;}\\ {p_2}^{\&prime;}\\ {p_3}^{\&prime;}\\ .\\ {p_L}^{\&prime;}\end{array}\right]$

Wherein assume mode filter, include but not limited to root raised cosine filter, coefficient is h (n), and the main lobe peak value of h (n) is located at n=0 place, n _IlThe n that is spaced apart that represents i bar footpath and l bar footpath _Il* Δ τ, and n _Il=n _Li

Suppose currently have only article one footpath and interval, second footpath less than Δ τ ₁, they are spaced apart n ₁₂* Δ τ, do correction to its signal energy so and (obtain by the above derivation of equation) as follows:

${{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="p"\; filenames="C20041001765000152.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">p</figure-callout>}}_1}^{\&prime;}=\frac{p_1-p_2\&times;{(h\left(n_{12}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2}{1-{(h\left(n_{12}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^4},$

${p_2}^{\&prime;}=\frac{p_2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="p"\; filenames="C20041001765000152.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">p</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{(h\left(n_{12}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2}{1-{\left(h\left(n_{12}\right)h\left(0\right)\right)}^4}.$

Consider the formed filter characteristic, can use following simplification to calculate:

p ₁′＝p ₁-p ₂×(h(n ₁₂)/h(0)) ²，

p ₂′＝p ₂-p ₁×(h(n ₁₂)/h(0)) ²。

The input of this device is the symbol matching value of the pilot signal of each branch, and output is the once signal interference ratio of each branch of every H frame output, the update cycle that is chosen as the footpath that H can be favourable, i.e. H=M.

The choice device of branch:

The choice of branch can be according to the signal interference ratio of each branch's received signal:

Cancel the distribution of its branch when the signal interference ratio of a certain branch during less than signal interference ratio threshold value (threshold value is determined by channel circumstance), abandon this footpath.Otherwise keep the path that this branch distributes.

The input of this device is the signal interference ratio of branch, and output is to keep the position in footpath and average signal energy.Input and output all are that every H frame produces once.

The merging device in footpath:

To merge to each branch by certain mode by the footpath that the detection of power time-delay spectrum obtains and inherit in the footpath that obtains, and become the result of new path allocation, and it is distributed to each branch.

The footpath merges by following principle operation:

Keep the footpath if be assigned on-the alternative path position, alternative footpath directly can be abandoned;

If-alternative footpath next door ± Δ τ ₂Do not keep the footpath in the scope, can be alternative footpath distribution branch; If but all branches all are assigned with, to see then whether strong than the most weak reservation footpath alternative footpath is: in this way, then the most weak reservation is directly replaced with alternative footpath; Otherwise this alternative footpath is abandoned;

If-alternative footpath next door ± Δ τ ₂Withing a hook at the end in the scope directly, will see that then alternative footpath is one the strongest inside these footpaths, in this way, then is its distribution branch, and cancellation ± Δ τ ₂The branch that keeps the footpath in the scope; As not being then this alternative footpath to be abandoned.

Be the implementation that a kind of footpath merges device below:

Keep the footpath that the footpath expression keeps by the signal to noise ratio judgement from branch among Fig. 5, and alternative footpath is represented to detect the footpath that obtains, Δ τ from power time-delay spectrum ₂It is the parameter that is used for determining branch's minimum interval.Δ τ ₂The unit's of being taken as chip time advantageously.

According to Fig. 5, it is alternative footpath to be merged to by certain rule in the branch of Rake receiver go that the footpath merges device.After having obtained alternative footpath and having kept the footpath, just can start the footpath and merge device.Below be the detailed description of Fig. 5:

1. from the sequence of alternative footpath, select an alternative footpath of not handling;

Whether 2. judge in keeping directly has the time-delay in footpath identical with this alternative footpath:

Be execution in step

, do not carry out next step;

3. judge this alternative footpath ± Δ τ ₂Scope have several to keep the footpath:

Article 0,, carry out 4.,

Article 1,, carry out 5.,

Article＞1,, carry out 6.;

4. judge whether that the branch of Rake receiver is unallocated in addition:

Be, carry out 8.,

, do not carry out 7.;

5. judge that whether alternative footpath energy is greater than being in it ± Δ τ ₂The energy in the reservation footpath of scope:

Be, carry out 10.,

, do not carry out

6. judge whether alternative footpath energy is in it ± Δ τ greater than all ₂The energy in the reservation footpath of scope:

Be, carry out 10.,

, do not carry out

7. judge whether this alternative footpath energy keeps energy directly greater than minimum:

Be, carry out 9.,

, do not carry out

8. give this alternative footpath distribution branch, carry out then

9. cancel the distribution of the reservation branch directly of energy minimum, give this alternative footpath, carry out then this finger assignments

10. cancellation is positioned at this alternative footpath ± Δ τ ₂The distribution of the reservation footpath branch of scope is this alternative footpath distribution branch, carries out then

Judge whether that all alternative footpaths have all handled:

Be, carry out next step,

, do not carry out 1.;

Finish.

The principal character of the method and apparatus of Multipath searching of the present invention is as follows:

1) Multipath searching has adopted the method and apparatus that directly merges, and the footpath that is used for merging is to keep the footpath (from the branch that has distributed Succession obtains) and alternative footpath (obtaining from current power time-delay spectrum), conventional method broken through by such merging device Limitation on the method that central diameter only obtains from power time-delay spectrum has improved the detection probability in footpath;

2) based on feature 1) in to keeping the processing of footpath before merging: estimate the signal interference ratio of each branch, according to signal interference ratio With the validity of judging more respectively each branch of threshold value, reject invalid branch;

3) based on feature 2) in signal interference ratio estimate in the elimination of phase mutual interference between each branch signal energy: according to above closing In the method for the description of branch's signal interference ratio estimation unit, eliminate the mutual interference of each branch;

4) based on feature 1) in to the innovation of alternative footpath production method: it is incoherent level and smooth that N time slot power time-delay spectrum is done the M frame Process, improved the Reliability of power time-delay spectrum;

5) based on feature 1) in to the innovation of alternative footpath production method: adopt when the footpath is selected using level and smooth power time-delay spectrum to do Behind footpath of every selection, upgrade power time-delay spectrum with the method for above central diameter selecting arrangement central diameter interference elimination and select again next The bar footpath, the method can effectively reduce false-alarm probability;

6) based on feature 1) in to the innovation of alternative footpath production method: the method for threshold judgement is selected to have adopted in the device in the footpath, Improved the validity in footpath;

7) based on feature 1) in to the innovation of alternative footpath production method: periodically width and the precision of Modulating Power time-delay spectrum, To guarantee in bigger reference time delay, detecting multipath information.

Comprehensive above each factor, multipath searching method provided by the invention can accurately reflect letter in the Mobile Transmission environment The road quality, the variation of tracking environmental reflects the variation of multipath component on position and energy in real time, the detection of maximum possible is many The footpath signal, accuracy and the validity of assurance Multipath searching.

Claims (10)

1. multipath searching method in the mobile communication system is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

The first step, received signal and local known pilot signal are done matching operation obtain power time-delay spectrum on each possible time-delay position, time-delay is composed to process and is therefrom obtained the alternative footpath of X bar to power, and described composing by the processing power time-delay comprises the steps: with the method that draws alternative footpath

1) select a footpath of energy maximum from power time-delay spectrum, be designated as a current footpath, it is directly delayed time and is τ;

2) remove in power time-delay spectrum by forming filter and cause, the footpath into τ of delaying time is at interval [τ-Δ τ ₁, τ+Δ τ ₁] response, Δ τ wherein ₁Be expressed as the maximum magnitude of mode filter response, the method of described removing response is: suppose that power time-delay spectrum is p (t) and to establish the sampling interval be Δ τ, and the forming filter coefficient is h (n), and the main lobe peak value of h (n) is located at the n=0 place, ought detect so at time-delay t=t ₀When the position had a footpath to exist, the interference of the sampled point of this its n * Δ τ that directly adjusts the distance was I ₀(n)=p (t ₀) * h ²(n)/h ²(0), is in t in the power time-delay spectrum ₀Value after the power of+n * Δ τ position upgrades is p ' (t ₀+ n * Δ τ)=p (t ₀+ n * Δ τ)-α I ₀(n), wherein α ∈ [0,1] eliminates the factor;

3) be positioned at interval [τ-Δ τ in the removing power time-delay spectrum ₂, τ+Δ τ ₂] power spectrum, Δ τ wherein ₂The protection interval in expression footpath, Δ τ ₂＜Δ τ ₂With time-delay for the footpath of τ as an alternative footpath.

4) go to 1) other footpaths of continuation selection, up to the X bar footpath of being full, wherein X is the alternative footpath number that hope is selected;

Second step, after handling, the multipath information that the Rake receiver branch that last time is distributed is comprised obtains keeping the delayed data in footpath, the described multipath that has distributed Rake receiver branch is is accepted or rejected to obtain keeping method directly is: the despread signal of each branch is estimated that its signal interference ratio also and according to the signal interference ratio threshold value that channel circumstance is determined compares, cancel the distribution of its branch when the signal interference ratio of a certain branch during less than described signal interference ratio threshold value, abandon this footpath; Otherwise keep the path that this branch distributes;

In the 3rd step, the alternative footpath that the first step is obtained merges to each branch that distributes to Rake receiver in the reservation footpath that second step obtained as the result of this Multipath searching with certain rule, and described merging rule is as follows:

Keep the footpath if be assigned on-the alternative path position, alternative footpath is directly abandoned;

If-alternative footpath next door ± Δ τ ₂Do not keep the footpath in the scope, can be alternative footpath distribution branch; If but all branches all are assigned with, to see then whether strong than the most weak reservation footpath alternative footpath is: in this way, then the most weak reservation is directly replaced with alternative footpath; Otherwise this alternative footpath is abandoned;

If-alternative footpath next door ± Δ τ ₂Withing a hook at the end in the scope directly, will see that then alternative footpath is one the strongest inside these footpaths, in this way, then is its distribution branch, and cancellation ± Δ τ ₂The branch that keeps the footpath in the scope; As not being then this alternative footpath to be abandoned.

2. multipath searching method in the mobile communication system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described first step, received signal and local known pilot signal being done width and the precision of periodically adjusting power time-delay spectrum when matching operation obtains power time-delay spectrum, the concrete processing is: establish that spectral line is spaced apart Δ τ in the power time-delay spectrum, and power time-delay spectrum contains K bar spectral line altogether, and the time interval in the footpath of minimum time-delay that can detect of power time-delay spectrum and maximum delay is K * Δ τ so; Operation when the width of adjusting power time-delay spectrum periodically and precision is: spectral line is increased to 2 * Δ τ or 4 * Δ τ at interval, and the time-delay interval width that can detect so expands to K * 2 * Δ τ or K * 4 * Δ τ.

3. multipath searching method in the mobile communication system as claimed in claim 1, the threshold judgement that it is characterized in that being full in the described first step behind the X bar footpath is handled: the part of expression noise in the power time-delay spectrum is asked on average obtain average noise power, the R that the minimum power in footpath is made as average noise power doubly, be about to R that threshold value is made as average noise doubly, the footpath that power is higher than threshold value keeps, the footpath that power is lower than threshold value is regarded as noise and gives up, and the part of expression noise refers in the described power time-delay spectrum: the part that the power of handling by the described first step is not eliminated in delaying time and composing.

4. multipath searching method in the mobile communication system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in second step, the despread signal of each branch of Rake receiver being estimated in the signal interference ratio operating process, to the estimation of branch's energy, for overcoming the method that the phase mutual interference is revised detected energy value between the footpath: the signal energy of supposing the detection in l bar footpath is P _l, as Δ τ ₁Between be separated with L bar footpath, the detected energy P in these footpaths then _lWith the energy P that revises _l' relation can be in order to following The Representation Equation:

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{p}_1\\ p_2\\ .\\ .\\ p_L\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}1& {(h\left(n_{12}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{13}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& .& {(h\left(n_{1L}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2\\ {(h\left(n_{21}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& 1& {(h\left(n_{23}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& .& {(h\left(n_{2L}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2\\ {(h\left(n_{31}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{23}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& 1& .& {(h\left(n_{3L}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2\\ .& .& .& .& .\\ {(h\left(n_{L1}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{L2}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& {(h\left(n_{L3}\right)/h\left(0\right))}^2& .& 1\end{array}\right]*\left[\begin{array}{c}{p_1}^{\&prime;}\\ {p_2}^{\&prime;}\\ {p_3}^{\&prime;}\\ .\\ {p_L}^{\&prime;}\end{array}\right]$

Wherein assuming the mode filter coefficient is h (n), n _IlThe n that is spaced apart that represents i bar footpath and l bar footpath _Il* Δ τ, and n _Il=n _Li

5. multipath searching method in the mobile communication system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described for overcoming a kind of approximate data of the method that the phase mutual interference is revised detected energy value between the footpath: suppose current have only article one footpath and second directly the interval less than Δ τ ₁, they are spaced apart n ₁₂* Δ τ, it is as follows so its signal energy to be done the approximate calculation of correction:

p ₁′＝p ₁-p ₂×(h(n ₁₂)/h(0)) ²；

p ₂′＝p ₂-p ₁×(h(n ₁₂)/h(0)) ²。

6. multipath searching device of having used any method in the claim 1～5 is characterized in that multipath searching device comprises following components:

Pilot tone is correlated with and N time slot coherent accumulation equilibration device: be used for the relevant of received signal and frequency pilot sign and the coherent accumulation mean deviation calculating energy in the N time slot and obtain power time-delay spectrum;

M frame noncoherent accumulation equilibration device: power time-delay spectrum is carried out noncoherent accumulation on average to obtain level and smooth power time-delay spectrum in the M frame;

Device is selected in the footpath: comprising minimum interval, footpath protective device, footpath interference blanking unit and thresholding calculate and judgment device;

The signal interference ratio estimation unit of branch: comprising the calculation element of average energy, the footpath is interference blanking unit each other, the calculation element of average interference;

The choice device of branch: according to the signal interference ratio of branch to its device that makes trade-offs;

The merging device in footpath: the alternative footpath of current search is merged in the branch reservation footpath, obtain the result of this path allocation.

7. multipath searching device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the relevant and N time slot coherent accumulation equilibration device of pilot tone, coherent accumulator carries out descrambling and de-spreading to the received signal on each sampling location in certain reference time delay to be handled, then the signal of descrambling and de-spreading is carried out the frequency pilot sign coupling, thereby the signal after the coupling is again through cumulative mean with ask computing module-square just to obtain current N time slot to have constituted power time-delay spectrum in each locational pilot symbol energies of delaying time.

8. multipath searching device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: M frame noncoherent accumulation equilibration device, this device is specifically designed to does level and smooth computing to N time slot power time-delay spectrum, this device is done cumulative mean with power time-delay spectrum in the M frame time, smoothing effect has been composed in time-delay to power, can use the finite impulse response filter of smoothing effect, or the single order IIR filter, the exponent number of filter and coefficient are determined jointly by M and N.

9. multipath searching device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that directly selecting device:

1. in power time-delay spectrum, select the footpath of an energy maximum to be designated as l;

2. eliminate the interference of footpath l according to the method described in claim 1 first step to other parts of power time-delay spectrum;

3. will be positioned in the power time-delay spectrum near the l of footpath ± Δ τ ₂, comprise that the spectral line value of himself is made as 0;

4. judge whether to find X bar footpath:

Not, then execution in step 1.,

Be then to carry out next step;

5. according to the described method of claim 3 the X bar of selecting is directly done threshold judgement and obtain alternative footpath.

10. multipath searching device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the flow process that specific implementation directly merges device is as follows:

1. from the sequence of alternative footpath, select an alternative footpath of not handling;

Whether 2. judge in keeping directly has the time-delay in footpath identical with this alternative footpath:

Be execution in step

, do not carry out next step;

3. judge this alternative footpath ± Δ τ ₂Scope have several to keep the footpath:

Article 0,, carry out 4.,

Article 1,, carry out 5.,

Article＞1,, carry out 6.;

4. judge whether that the branch of Rake receiver is unallocated in addition:

Be, carry out 8.,

, do not carry out 7.;

5. judge that whether alternative footpath energy is greater than being in it ± Δ τ ₂The energy in the reservation footpath of scope:

Be, carry out 10.,

, do not carry out

6. judge whether alternative footpath energy is in it ± Δ τ greater than all ₂The energy in the reservation footpath of scope:

Be, carry out 10.,

, do not carry out

7. judge whether this alternative footpath energy keeps energy directly greater than minimum:

Be, carry out 9.,

, do not carry out

8. give this alternative footpath distribution branch, carry out then

9. cancel the distribution of the reservation branch directly of energy minimum, give this alternative footpath, carry out then this finger assignments

10. cancellation is positioned at this alternative footpath ± Δ τ ₂The distribution of the reservation footpath branch of scope is this alternative footpath distribution branch, carries out then

Judge whether that all alternative footpaths have all handled:

Be, carry out next step,

, do not carry out 1.;

Finish.

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