APP is the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent and the method for making thereof of base material
Technical field
The invention belongs to fire-fighting fire-extinguishing composite technical field, relate in particular to the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent that APP is a base material.
Background technology
Better because of effect, once at the widely used halon extinguishing agent of fire protection sector, mainly be to breathe out dragon (HALON) extinguishing chemical.
Halon1211 extinguishing chemical, chemical name are difluorochlobromo-methane, and molecular formula is CF2C1Br, are commonly called as to breathe out dragon 1211; The chemical name of Halon1301 extinguishing chemical is a BTM, and molecular formula is CF3Br, is commonly called as to breathe out dragon 1301.
Scientific research proves that halon fire agent is one of main arch-criminal who damages the ozone layer, and is wanted time limit to eliminate by UNEP's regulation.Chinese Government stipulates to rise on December 31st, 2005 and is forbidden to produce, sell and use the imperial series of products in Kazakhstan.
Also at the extinguishing chemical that uses carbon dioxide extinguishing agent, heptafluoro-propane extinguishing chemical, mist (IG541) extinguishing chemical, hot-gas sol fire extinguishing agent, common ABC powder extinguishing agent etc. are arranged at present, they respectively have drawback.Carbon dioxide extinguishing agent pressure store height, device tank body heaviness, and fire-fighting efficiency is low; The cracking in fire extinguishing procedure of heptafluoro-propane extinguishing chemical goes out hydrofluoric acid, has very strong corrosivity; Mist extinguishing chemical (IG541, trade name cigarette iron to the greatest extent) is by 52% nitrogen, 40% argon, three kinds of gas compositions of 8% carbon dioxide, belongs to inert gas agent, and its pressure store is 15Mpa, belongs to passive fire extinguishing, and its fire extinguishing effect is relatively poor; Aerosol extinguishing agent is made up of as chlorate and potassium nitrate etc. and organic reducing agent such as resin, plasticizer and curing agent etc. the inorganic oxidizer that contains potassium, aerocolloidal extinguishing mechanism, mainly be a large amount of inert gases that generate, oxygen content in the local space is descended, the Chemical Inhibition combustion that also has the cooling effect of endothermic decomposition reaction and gas phase, solid phase simultaneously, but the field of employment is restricted, and safety in utilization is undesirable; Common ABC powder extinguishing agent, owing to be subjected to the restriction of material characteristic and production technology, the dry powder particle diameter of preparation is between 10~75 μ m at present; Fire control theory with facts have proved that the following dry powder particle of 40 μ m participates in scene of a fire reaction, the above dry powder particle of 40 μ m does not participate in scene of a fire reaction, so common ABC powder extinguishing agent fire-fighting efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides that a kind of (ammonium polyphosphate APP) is the compound ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent of base material greater than 50 APP with the degree of polymerization.
Another object of the present invention, providing a kind of APP is the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent method for making and the finishing coating technology of base material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Developing a kind of is the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent of base material with the APP, it is characterized in that:
(1) form by the component of following weight:
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=75~90:5~15:3~8:1~5:0.1~0.3;
(2) described hydrophobic silica and non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone are coated on the powder surface of APP, antivibration reality additive and dispersing aid mixing;
(3) described ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent performance is as follows:
Average grain diameter≤5 μ m
Powder bulk density≤0.4g/ml
Anticaking capacity is represented 〉=30mm with needle penetration
Hydroscopicity≤0.3%
Moisture≤0.2%
Flowability is represented≤5S with lower temperature resistance
Ejection 〉=95%
Electrical insulating property 〉=7.5kv
Category-B fire usefulness≤65g/m goes out
3
Category-A fire usefulness≤65g/m goes out
3
Polypropylene fire usefulness≤65g/m goes out
3
The polymerization degree n of above-mentioned APP=50~1000;
Above-mentioned antivibration reality additive is mica powder, wollastonite, vermiculite or atlapulgite;
Above-mentioned dispersing aid is zeolite, bentonite, precipitated calcium carbonate or crushed crude pearlite;
Above-mentioned hydrophobic silica is the particle diameter 20~40nm through surface modification treatment, specific area 200~300m
2The silica of/g;
Above-mentioned hydrophobic silica is meant through the dimethyldichlorosilane monomer and carries out chemical modification through surface modification treatment, or carries out through polymethyl siloxane that the blending physical modification handles;
Above-mentioned non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone is by the polyoxyethylated addition product of silicon oil of low hydrogen content with the band vinyl.
Above-mentioned APP is the method for making of the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent of base material, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) with APP, antivibration reality additive and the dispersing aid mixing of dosage;
(2) be dried to moisture≤0.2% through 100~110 ℃;
(3) be crushed to material again and reach average grain diameter≤5 μ m;
(4) hydrophobic silica and the non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone of adding dosage, through 80~105 ℃, 40~80min carries out the surface and coats processing, after the assay was approved packing.
APP (ammonium polyphosphate, APP) main at present as additive flame retardant, be one of most important kind in the Phos flame retardant.The phosphorus content of APP and nitrogen content are all very high, have P-N cooperative effect between them again, thereby have high flame-retarded efficiency.
The development of China APP and production start from the seventies in last century, can only produce the water-soluble APP of low polymerization degree (n=10~20) at that time, are mainly used in composite fertilizer and fireproof paint.After the nineties in last century,, press for the APP product of high polymerization degree owing to the develop rapidly of plastics industry.Based on this situation, domestic many researchs and production unit have been accelerated the research progress.China has trial-produceed high-quality APP successfully at present, and the degree of polymerization (Degree of Polymerization) can be up to more than the n=1000.This also provides the good raw material resource for the development of fire-extinguishing agent.
With APP is the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent of base material, and it has unfriendly to environment of deficiency that excellent fire extinguishing effectiveness and covering power effectively solved multipurpose dry powder and other extinguishing chemical.
Ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention has following significant advantage and useful effect:
1, have extensive applicability, ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent of the present invention can be used for the fire of following type of putting out a fire to save life and property:
(1) category-A fire, i.e. surface of solids fire.As material fire such as wood, cotton, fiber crops, paper, rubber, plastics;
(2) category-B fire, i.e. liquid or fusible solid fire.As material fire such as gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil, lubricating oil, vegetable oil, animal oil, organic solvent, paraffin;
(3) C class fire, i.e. combustible gas body fire.As gas fire such as liquefied gas, natural gas and acetylene gas;
(4) electric equipment fire, i.e. charged object burning fire calamity.As charging equipment fire such as transformer station, Generators, cable ducts.
(5) to the special efficacy of having puted out a fire to save life and property of fire such as triethyl group class (triethyl aluminum, antimony triethyl, boron triethyl) or polypropylene.
2, have excellent fire extinguishing effectiveness and covering power, extinguishing chemical of the present invention fills fire extinguishing in existing fire extinguisher or device, the fire-fighting efficiency of its unit volume is 2~3 times of the imperial extinguishing device in Kazakhstan, be 12 times of carbon dioxide extinguisher installation, being 10~12 times of the heptafluoro-propane extinguishing device, being 2~3 times of condensed aerosol fire extinguishing device, is 6~10 times of common ABC dry powder extinguishing installation.*
* fire extinguishing effectiveness basis: (GA578-2005 ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent regulation, fire extinguishing effectiveness≤65~95g/m
3≤ 1S;
Breathe out imperial fire extinguishing system regulation and stipulation, fire extinguishing effectiveness≤200~300g/m
3≤ 2S;
DBJ01-76-2003 GAFES design and construction acceptance specification regulation, fire extinguishing effectiveness≤65~100g/m
3≤ 21S;
GB-ABC powder extinguishing system regulation and stipulation, fire extinguishing effectiveness≤650g/m
3≤ 2S;
" China breathes out dragon and eliminates action " Fire-Fighting Bureau under the Ministry of Public Security, State Environmental Protection Administration compiles, and the relevant chapters and sections record of Chinese environmental publishing house version foamite amount calculates (director editorial member: Wang Jiwu, deputy director: Sun Lun; The version number: ISBN7-80163-028-9)
M=k
1* v+ (k
1* v * (1-95%)) in the formula: the M foamite amount; k
1The extinguishing chemical minimum extinguishing concentration; The v volume.)
3, extinguishing chemical of the present invention is a kind of environmentally friendly extinguishing chemical.(Ozone depleting potential is zero ODP), and (Global warming potential is zero GWP) to chamber effect potential value, and is nontoxic to people and animals, and the protection thing is not had corrosion to consuming the ozone latent energy value.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Proportioning: APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=90:15:8:5:0.3;
Raw material:
(1) APP (APP) Shandong commodity, industrial goods specification, the degree of polymerization are 50~1000; Other technical indicator should meet the HG/T2770-1996 standard-required;
(2) antivibration reality additive adopts mica, the Hebei commodity, and fineness is 250 orders;
(3) dispersing aid adopts zeolite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders;
(4) hydrophobic silica adopts chemic modified method to handle,
(5) non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone adopts Guangzhou commodity, industrial goods specification, outward appearance light yellow liquid, content 〉=98%, PH5~7.(by the polyoxyethylated addition product of silicon oil of low hydrogen content) with the band vinyl
Method for making: (1) batching
With APP, antivibration reality additive and the dispersing aid of dosage, in mixing apparatus, mix 0.5~1h, make abundant mixing; Be dried to moisture≤0.2% through 105 ± 5 ℃; Be crushed to powder again and reach particle diameter≤5 μ m;
(2) preparation hydrophobic silica (chemic modified method)
Can buy commercial goods (for example, auxiliary reagent factory, Zhuhui District Dongyang, Hengyang City, Hunan product), or by oneself; In the time of by oneself, routinely, the waterglass that dilution is purified carries out ion-exchange and removes sodium ion, adds hydrochloric acid then and carries out acid heat and reflux and concentrate, and adds the dimethyldichlorosilane monomer and carries out hydrophobic treatment, takes off accessory substance, drying.
The quality of handling the back hydrophobic silica reaches:
The appearance white powder
Moisture≤0.3%
Volatile matter≤2%
Burning decrement≤7%
PH value 6.4~7
Specific area 200~300m
2/ g
(3) hydrophobic silica and the non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone of adding dosage, through 80~90 ℃, 60~80min carries out the surface and coats processing, after the assay was approved packing.
(4) drying can adopt infra-red drying method or pneumatic conveying drying method; Pulverizing can be adopted comminution by gas stream, spraying comminuting method, dither comminuting method.
The finished product that obtains, the Q/HLK02-2006 regulation of working out according to reference Ministry of Public Security extinguishing chemical standard detects, and the result is as follows:
Average grain diameter≤5 μ m
Powder bulk density 0.35g/ml
Anticaking capacity is represented 35mm with needle penetration
Hydroscopicity 0.2%
Moisture 0.15%
Flowability is represented 4S with lower temperature resistance
Ejection 96.5%
Electrical insulating property 8.5kv
The category-B fire usefulness of going out 60g/m
3
The category-A fire usefulness of going out 60g/m
3
The polypropylene fire usefulness of going out 60g/m
3
Quality meets the requirements, and is satisfied through trial effect, reached the goal of the invention of expection.
Embodiment 2
Proportioning: APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=75:5:3:1:0.1;
(1) APP (APP) Shandong commodity, industrial goods specification, the degree of polymerization are 50~1000; Other technical indicator should meet the HG/T2770-1996 standard-required;
(2) antivibration reality additive adopts atlapulgite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders;
(3) dispersing aid adopts bentonite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders;
(4) hydrophobic silica adopts physics blending modification treatment step: with average grain diameter 20~40nm, and specific area 200~300m
2/ g, pH value 5~7, content are 97 parts of 99.9% silica, join in the mixer of band high speed agitator, add viscosity and be 3 parts of the polymethyl siloxanes (popular name methyl-silicone oil) of 200~300mpaS, at ambient temperature with the high-speed stirred 30min of 800~1000rpm.
(5) hydrophobic silica and the non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone of adding dosage, through 100~105 ℃, 40~60min carries out the surface and coats processing.
The finished product that obtains, the Q/HLK02-2006 regulation of working out according to reference Ministry of Public Security extinguishing chemical standard detects, and the result is as follows:
Average grain diameter≤5 μ m
Powder bulk density 0.4g/ml
Anticaking capacity is represented 30mm with needle penetration
Hydroscopicity 0.2%
Moisture 0.15%
Flowability is represented 4S with lower temperature resistance
Ejection 95.5%
Electrical insulating property 7.5kv
The category-B fire usefulness of going out 65g/m
3
The category-A fire usefulness of going out 65g/m
3
The polypropylene fire usefulness of going out 65g/m
3All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=80:10:5:3:0.2;
Antivibration reality additive adopts wollastonite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts crushed crude pearlite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=85:12:6:2:0.3;
Antivibration reality additive adopts vermiculite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts precipitated calcium carbonate, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=78:8:7:3:0.2;
Antivibration reality additive adopts mica powder, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts zeolite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 6
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=88:14:6:4:0.1;
Antivibration reality additive adopts atlapulgite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts bentonite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 7
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=78:8:7:3:0.2;
Antivibration reality additive adopts vermiculite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts zeolite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 8
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=86:15:6:3:0.15;
Antivibration reality additive adopts atlapulgite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts bentonite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 9
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=82:13:7:3:0.2;
Antivibration reality additive adopts mica powder, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts crushed crude pearlite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 10
APP: antivibration reality additive: dispersing aid: hydrophobic silica: non-ion emulsifier of polyether modified silicone=82:10:8:4:0.1;
Antivibration reality additive adopts atlapulgite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; Dispersing aid adopts bentonite, the Shandong commodity, and fineness is 250 orders; All the other are with embodiment 2.