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CN100519706C - Carbide gasification reaction system - Google Patents

Carbide gasification reaction system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100519706C
CN100519706C CN 200310116097 CN200310116097A CN100519706C CN 100519706 C CN100519706 C CN 100519706C CN 200310116097 CN200310116097 CN 200310116097 CN 200310116097 A CN200310116097 A CN 200310116097A CN 100519706 C CN100519706 C CN 100519706C
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gasification reaction
reaction unit
gasification
coal
synthesis gas
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CN1635056A (en
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罗敏谦
陈威丞
徐恒文
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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Abstract

The invention relates to a carbide gasification reaction system, comprising: a first gasification reaction unit, which is used for supplying a first mixed fuel agent containing oxidant and coal to carry out the reaction operation of a first gasification stage to generate synthesis gas, and an upper area of the first gasification reaction unit is gradually reduced to form an upper contraction part; a second gasification reaction unit, wherein a lower contraction part communicated with the upper contraction part is formed in a lower area of the second gasification reaction unit in a tapered manner so that the synthetic gas flows into the second gasification reaction unit, a second mixed fuel containing coal, a catalyst and a heat transfer substance and the synthetic gas are subjected to reflux circulation in the second gasification reaction unit, and the heat energy provided by the synthetic gas is utilized to perform the reaction operation of a second gasification stage; and a filtering regeneration unit which is communicated with one side of the second gasification reaction unit and is used for recycling and filtering the synthesis gas. The invention can improve the yield and heat value of the synthesis gas, improve the problem of slag blockage and has low cost.

Description

A kind of carbide gasification reaction system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification reaction system, particularly relate to a kind of coal feedstock of utilizing and carry out gasification reaction, and the carbide gasification reaction system that produces the high heating value synthetic gas and avoid slag to adhere to.
Background technology
The power that utilizes firing system to produce, generally be used in the industry, its application is quite extensive, except conventional industries such as petrochemical industry, kiln, chemical industry, battery, motor, food, glass, metal processing, feed, high-tech industries such as printed circuit board (PCB), semiconductor packages have been expanded at present more.
Wherein, utilize carbide to carry out gasification reaction and produce the firing system of synthetic gas, some correlation technique is open already and be known to the society, announces No. 4874402 (being called for short 402 cases), No. 4773917 (being called for short 917 cases), No. 5089030 (being called for short 030 case), No. 4799937 (being called for short 937 cases) as United States Patent (USP) and promptly discloses relevant technology.402 cases are disclosed by U.S. SHELL company, and its systems center gasification reaction temperature is about 2000 ℃, and exit gas is 1350 ℃~1500 ℃ centres.Utilize circulation pressurization refrigerant gas quenching, with " coal gas " be cooled to 900 ℃~below 1100 ℃, enter waste heat boiler again and used.917 cases are that Japanese HITACHI company is disclosed, and system is a two sections formula cyclone structure, and with the oxygen feeding of different ratios, its temperature out is about 1200 ℃, and the top utilizes the recovery of heat mode of water wall, makes coal gas can be cooled to 450 ℃.
030 case discloses a kind of devices and methods therefor that utilizes solid-state fuel oil to produce gac and combustion gas, supply with solid-state fuel oil in first gasification zone, and with the gas preheating, then gasify in second gasification zone, again in the 3rd gasification zone supplied gas and coke gasification reaction, have preheated air and reduce the effect of oxygen content in the preheated air.937 cases are to send into carbide to react by the below Reaktionsofen, temperature of reaction is between 700 ℃~900 ℃, then still unreacted carbide in the Reaktionsofen of below, tar and heat pass material up deliver to air-flow above Reaktionsofen, reinject oxygenant and carry out further gasification reaction.The temperature of top Reaktionsofen is higher than the below Reaktionsofen, and greatly about about 900 ℃~1100 ℃, it is provided with purpose and is in the Reaktionsofen of below unreacted matters still, carries out gasification reaction once more by the top Reaktionsofen.
In sum, two stage gasification reactions are the main flow trend of present researchdevelopment, though case can obtain certain effect by rational operation before above-mentioned, yet the feed control of carbide such as fine coal is not easy, and the duration of contact of gasification reaction is quite short, under the lower situation of temperature of reaction, make coal feedstock still unreacted finish and just taken out of.And the slag that is produced in the gasification reaction causes choking phenomenon easily attached to the tube wall of reaction zone, influences the circulation of synthetic gas.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of carbide gasification reaction system, solve in the prior art coal feedstock still unreacted finish and just taken out of, and the slag that is produced in the gasification reaction causes the problem of choking phenomenon easily attached to the tube wall of reaction zone.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of carbide gasification reaction system, coal feedstock carried out two stage gasification reaction and produced synthetic gas, include:
One first gasification reaction unit is to include oxygenant for one to mix the combustion agent with first of coal, carry out first gasifying stage and react operation and generate a synthetic gas, and the unitary upper area convergent of described first gasification reaction is formed with the portion of contracting on;
One second gasification reaction unit, the unitary lower zone convergent of described second gasification reaction be formed with one with described on the necked down portion that is communicated with of the portion of contracting, flow into the described second gasification reaction unit for described synthetic gas, and make one to include coal, catalyzer and heat and pass second of material and mixes and fire agent and described synthetic gas, in the described second gasification reaction unit internal reflux circulation, and the heat energy that utilizes described synthetic gas to provide, carry out second gasifying stage reaction operation;
One deposition runner is communicated in the unitary side of described second gasification reaction, in order to precipitate the impurity particle in the synthetic gas that this second gasification reaction unit provided;
One filter screen is assemblied in connection place of this second gasification reaction unit and this deposition runner, enters this deposition runner in order to block this coal;
One coal storage tanks connects the bottom side that is arranged on this deposition runner, in order to collecting precipitation this impurity particle in this deposition runner;
One cyclonic separator is communicated in this deposition runner, in order to separate the flying dust in this synthetic gas that this second gasification reaction unit provided; And
One flying dust storage tanks is connected in the bottom of this cyclonic separator, stores this flying dust in order to collect.
Above-mentioned carbide gasification reaction system, its characteristics are, the described first gasification reaction unit has into obtaining certain effect by rational operation, yet the feed control of the excellent things of carbon such as fine coal is not easy, and the duration of contact of gasification reaction is quite short, under the lower situation of temperature of reaction, make coal feedstock still unreacted finish and just taken out of.And the slag that is produced in the gasification reaction causes choking phenomenon easily attached to the tube wall of reaction zone, influences the circulation of synthetic gas.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of carbide gasification reaction system, solve in the prior art coal feedstock still unreacted finish and just taken out of, and the slag that is produced in the gasification reaction causes the problem of choking phenomenon easily attached to the tube wall of reaction zone.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of carbide gasification reaction system, coal feedstock carried out two stage gasification reaction and produced synthetic gas, include:
One first gasification reaction unit is to include oxygenant for one to mix the combustion agent with first of coal, carry out first gasifying stage and react operation and generate a synthetic gas, and the unitary upper area convergent of described first gasification reaction is formed with the portion of contracting on;
One second gasification reaction unit, the unitary lower zone convergent of described second gasification reaction be formed with one with described on the necked down portion that is communicated with of the portion of contracting, flow into the described second gasification reaction unit for described synthetic gas, and make one to include coal, catalyzer and heat and pass second of material and mixes and fire agent and described synthetic gas, in the described second gasification reaction unit internal reflux circulation, and the heat energy that utilizes described synthetic gas to provide, carry out second gasifying stage reaction operation;
One deposition runner is communicated in the unitary side of described second gasification reaction, in order to precipitate the impurity particle in the synthetic gas that this second gasification reaction unit provided;
One filter screen is assemblied in connection place of this second gasification reaction unit and this deposition runner, enters this deposition runner in order to block this coal;
One coal storage tanks connects the bottom side that is arranged on this deposition runner, in order to collecting precipitation this impurity particle in this deposition runner;
One cyclonic separator is communicated in this deposition runner, in order to separate the flying dust in this synthetic gas that this second gasification reaction unit provided; And
One flying dust storage tanks is connected in the bottom of this cyclonic separator, stores this flying dust in order to collect.
Above-mentioned carbide gasification reaction system, its characteristics be, the described first gasification reaction unit have into
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, be the synoptic diagram of carbide gasification reaction system among the present invention, mainly constituted with filter regeneration unit 30 by the first gasification reaction unit 10, the second gasification reaction unit 20.One side of the first gasification reaction unit 10 has feeding mouth 11, mixes combustion agent 100 for first and injects.First mixes combustion agent 100 mainly is made up of oxygenant and coal, and first to mix the coal that fires in the agent 100 be powdery, and particle diameter is greatly about about 50um to 200um, and oxygenant is generally the compounding substances of oxygen-containing gass formations such as water vapour and air.The upper area of the first gasification reaction unit 10 is towards the top convergent and the portion 12 of contracting on forming.The second gasification reaction unit 20 is communicated with the first gasification reaction unit 10, and its lower zone is towards the first gasification reaction unit, 10 convergents, and form corresponding on the necked down portion 21 that contracts portion 12 and be communicated with.The second gasification reaction unit 20 offers first feeding mouth 22 at necked down portion 21, so that water vapour 220 is injected the second gasification reaction unit 20.The upper area of the second gasification reaction unit 20 offers second feeding mouth 23, mixes combustion agent 200 in order to inject second.Second mixes combustion agent 200 includes coal, catalyzer and heat biography material, and second coal that mixes in the combustion agent 200 is particulate state, and particle diameter is about 1mm to 10mm, and heat passes material and generally adopts calcic, magnesium, nickel, zinc etc. to have the metal compound material of catalytic.
Filter regeneration unit 30 is communicated in the second gasification reaction unit 20, in order to reclaim filtration operation, mainly is made up of with cyclonic separator 34 deposition runner 32.Wherein deposit the side that runner 32 is communicated in the second gasification reaction unit 20, and be equipped with filter screen 31 in connection place.The setting of filter screen 31 is that the sieve aperture of filter screen 31 can be adjusted according to demand for the coal particles that blocks in the second gasification reaction unit 20 enters in the deposition runner 32, and the aperture of sieve aperture approximately is controlled in the scope of 0.1mm to 1mm.The synthetic gas that the setting of deposition runner 32 can allow the second gasification reaction unit 20 be provided, impurity particle Shen Dian wherein is in the bottom of deposition runner 32, and be arranged on the coal storage tanks 33 of deposition runner 32 bottom sides by connection, collect Shen Dian in materials such as the coal of deposition runner 32 or impurity particles.In fact the impurity particle after collecting includes coal, therefore can do later use, generally is to reclaim as second to mix the raw material that fires agent 200.Cyclonic separator 34 is communicated in deposition runner 32, and is connected with flying dust storage tanks 35 in the bottom, thus flying dust materials such as collection powdery coal.In fact, the stored also recyclable utilization of flying dust in the flying dust storage tanks 35, therefore between the flying dust storage tanks 35 and the first gasification reaction unit 01, return flow line 40 is set is communicated with, mix the raw material that fires agent 100 and make flying dust storage tanks 35 interior flying dusts become first.
The structure of carbide gasification reaction of the present invention system as above, as for first gasifying stage that carried out in system reaction operation and second gasifying stage reaction operation, can solve that the prior art feed control is not easy and adhere to the choking phenomenon that produces because of slag easily.
See also Fig. 2, be the second gasification reaction cell schematics of carbide gasification reaction among the present invention.According to carbide gasification reaction of the present invention system, at first provide to include oxygenant and mix combustion agent 100 with first of coal and enter the first gasification reaction unit 10, and carry out first gasifying stage reaction operation.First mixes combustion agent 100 includes coal and oxygenant, and wherein the coal particle diameter and is obtained in the flying dust that can utilize flying dust storage tanks 35 to be reclaimed as mentioned above about about 150um.Processing temperature in the first gasification reaction unit 10 is about about 1000 ℃~1300 ℃, oxygenants such as Powdered coal in the mixing combustion agent 100 this moment first and steam, air carry out first gasifying stage reaction operation, make coal be heated and emit volatile matter, and the liquid impurities of the burnt grain of formation, unreacted coal and molten, this is the slag that is commonly called as.First mixes combustion agent 100 carries out will producing synthetic gas after first gasifying stage reaction operation in the first gasification reaction unit 10, this synthetic gas comprises a large amount of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a spot of carbonic acid gas, coal gas, is approximately the several seconds in the first gasifying stage reaction times.
With the rising of air-flow, will make synthetic gas and slag send into the second gasification reaction unit 20 via the portion 12 of contracting on the first gasification reaction unit 10.Mix combustion agent 200 and water vapour 220 this moment second, will carry out second gasifying stage reaction operation with synthetic gas.
In more detail, fire agent 200 by second mixing that the second gasification reaction unit, 20 upper areas inject, with the water vapour that cooperates by the necked down portion injection of 20 bottom sides, the second gasification reaction unit, react post-job synthetic gas with first gasifying stage and carry out second gasifying stage reaction operation.The synthetic gas that be made up of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbonic acid gas this moment will react with coal, catalyzer and water vapour, and coal is circulated at the second gasification reaction unit, 20 internal reflux.The heat energy that this moment, synthetic gas provided, the sensible heat that just is commonly called as, to provide as the required heat energy of second gasifying stage reaction operation, therefore the processing temperature of the second gasification reaction unit 20 will be about 900 ℃, coal and catalyzer and first synthetic gas carry out gasification reaction and water-gas reaction under this temperature, and increase the output and the calorific value of synthetic gas.
In addition, the Rapid Cycle motion that the second gasification reaction unit 20 is carried out has the function of broken material, and this characteristic has materials such as close-burning slag for processing, and tool is very helpful; Add that the coal about particle diameter 1mm has good gas-solid contact performance in the second mixing combustion agent 200, adhered to by slag, solved thereby have the slag adhesion choking phenomenon that tube wall caused in the prior art so the coal after the fragmentation is easier.Moreover, second coal that mixes combustion agent 200 carries out the reflux cycle motion in the second gasification reaction unit 20, and is detained bed body 230 in necked down portion 21 formation of the second gasification reaction unit 20, and increases the residence time, feasible reaction is more abundant, also helps to improve the output and the calorific value of synthetic gas.
Second gasifying stage reacts post-job synthetic gas, will flow into filter regeneration unit 30, carries out the recovery filtration operation of synthetic gas.This filter regeneration unit is made up of with cyclonic separator 34 deposition runner 32.By the filter screen between the deposition runner 32 and the second gasification reaction unit 20, can avoid coal particles to enter filter regeneration unit 30, make the above coal of a predetermined particle diameter be stranded in the second gasification reaction unit 20, avoid coal to follow flowing of synthetic gas and take the second gasification reaction unit 20 out of.Then, synthetic gas circulation is at deposition runner 32, because the reduction of flow velocity will make impurity particle Shen Dian such as coal in the synthetic gas in the bottom of deposition runner 32, can be collected storage this moment by the coal storage tanks, for the subsequent recovery utilization.Then, the cyclonic separator 34 of filter regeneration unit 30 is further with the fine particle in the synthetic gas, as flying dusts such as the coal dust that produced behind the gasification reaction, impurity, separates in synthetic gas, collected by flying dust storage tanks 35 again.Stored flying dust can be used as the raw material of the first mixing combustion agent in the flying dust storage tanks 35, and therefore can set up return flow line 40 is communicated to the first gasification reaction unit 10 from flying dust storage tanks 35.
Effect of the present invention is:
(1) improves synthesis gas yield and calorific value: according to carbide gasification reaction of the present invention system, utilize first and second gasification reaction unit that is communicated with, carry out first and second gasifying stage reaction operation, the synthetic gas that second gasifying stage reaction operation utilizes first gasifying stage reaction operation to produce, the sensible heat that is had carries out second gasifying stage reaction operation, in the second gasification reaction unit, produce inflammable gass such as methane, thereby increase the output and the calorific value of synthetic gas, and effectively promote the quality of synthetic gas.
(2) improve the slag obstructing problem: as previously mentioned, the reaction of second gasifying stage is that operation utilizes the sensible heat of first gasifying stage reaction synthetic gas that operation produced to carry out.Therefore the unitary processing temperature of second gasification reaction will be lower than the first gasification reaction unit, cause the slag can be when second gasifying stage reaction operation, react operation in the second gasification reaction unit by second gasifying stage, the delay bed body that the reflux cycle motion and the coal particles of being carried out forms, make gasification reaction more complete, and make the slag coagulable and, effectively solve the obstructing problem that the prior art slag easily causes attached to tube wall attached to second coal particles of mixing in the combustion agent.
(3) with low cost: carbide gasification reaction system architecture provided by the present invention is simple, feed control is very easy, and impurity such as coal particles in the synthetic gas and flying dust can be reclaimed for later use, total system compared with the prior art, its running cost is more cheap.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1、一种碳化物气化反应系统,将煤炭原料进行两阶段的气化反应而产生合成气,其特征在于,包含有:1. A carbide gasification reaction system, which performs a two-stage gasification reaction of coal raw materials to generate synthesis gas, which is characterized in that it includes: 一第一气化反应单元,是供一包含有氧化剂与煤炭的第一混合燃剂,进行第一气化阶段反应作业而生成一合成气,且所述第一气化反应单元的上方区域渐缩形成有一上缩部;A first gasification reaction unit is used for a first mixed fuel containing oxidant and coal to perform the first gasification stage reaction operation to generate a synthesis gas, and the upper area of the first gasification reaction unit gradually Constricted to form an upper constriction; 一第二气化反应单元,所述第二气化反应单元的下方区域渐缩形成有一与所述上缩部连通的下缩部,以供所述合成气流入所述第二气化反应单元,并使一包含有煤炭、催化剂与热传物质的第二混合燃剂与所述合成气,在所述第二气化反应单元内回流循环,并利用所述合成气所提供的热能,进行第二气化阶段反应作业;A second gasification reaction unit, the lower area of the second gasification reaction unit is tapered to form a lower constriction connected with the upper constriction, for the synthesis gas to flow into the second gasification reaction unit , and make a second mixed combustion agent containing coal, catalyst and heat transfer material and the synthesis gas circulate back and forth in the second gasification reaction unit, and use the heat energy provided by the synthesis gas to carry out Reaction operation in the second gasification stage; 一沉积流道,连通于所述第二气化反应单元的一侧,用以沉淀该第二气化反应单元所提供的合成气中的杂质颗粒;A deposition flow channel, connected to one side of the second gasification reaction unit, used to precipitate impurity particles in the synthesis gas provided by the second gasification reaction unit; 一滤网,装配于该第二气化反应单元和该沉积流道的连通处,用以阻绝该煤炭进入该沉积流道;a filter installed at the connection between the second gasification reaction unit and the deposition flow channel, to prevent the coal from entering the deposition flow channel; 一煤炭储存槽,连接设置在该沉积流道的底侧,用以收集沉淀于该沉积流道的该杂质颗粒;a coal storage tank connected to the bottom side of the sedimentation channel for collecting the impurity particles deposited in the sedimentation channel; 一旋风分离器,连通于该沉积流道,用以分离该第二气化反应单元所提供的该合成气中的飞灰;及a cyclone separator, communicated with the deposition channel, for separating the fly ash in the synthesis gas provided by the second gasification reaction unit; and 一飞灰储存槽,连接设置于该旋风分离器的底部,用以收集储存该飞灰。A fly ash storage tank is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator for collecting and storing the fly ash. 2、根据权利要求1所述的碳化物气化反应系统,其特征在于,所述第一气化反应单元具有一入料口,以供所述第一混合燃剂注入所述第一气化反应单元内。2. The carbide gasification reaction system according to claim 1, wherein the first gasification reaction unit has a feed port for injecting the first mixed fuel into the first gasification reaction unit. inside the reaction unit. 3、根据权利要求1所述的碳化物气化反应系统,其特征在于,所述第二气化反应单元具有一位于所述第二气化反应单元上方区域的第一入料口,以供所述第二混合燃剂注入所述第二气化反应单元内。3. The carbide gasification reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second gasification reaction unit has a first material inlet located in the area above the second gasification reaction unit, for supplying The second mixed fuel is injected into the second gasification reaction unit. 4、根据权利要求1所述的碳化物气化反应系统,其特征在于,所述第二气化反应单元具有一位于所述第二气化反应单元的下缩部的第二入料口,以供外部的水蒸气注入到所述第二气化反应单元内。4. The carbide gasification reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second gasification reaction unit has a second material inlet located at the shrinkage portion of the second gasification reaction unit, For injecting external water vapor into the second gasification reaction unit.
CN 200310116097 2003-12-31 2003-12-31 Carbide gasification reaction system Expired - Lifetime CN100519706C (en)

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CN1995291B (en) * 2006-01-05 2011-05-04 尹小林 Method for producing CO cleaning gas catalyzed by carbonate ore and carbon
SE0801266A0 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-21 Blasiak Wlodzimierz Two stage carburetors using high temperature preheated steam
CN105542869B (en) * 2015-12-10 2018-09-21 上海尧兴投资管理有限公司 The gasification furnace of producing synthesis gas from coal
CN111621335A (en) * 2020-06-02 2020-09-04 新奥科技发展有限公司 Coal catalytic gasification system

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US4799937A (en) * 1986-01-22 1989-01-24 A. Ahlstrom Corp. Method and apparatus for gasifying carbonaceous material
CN1258712A (en) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-05 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Biomass gasifying and purifying circular fluid-bed system
CN2539078Y (en) * 2002-03-30 2003-03-05 郭全发 Integrated firewood burning gasifying stove
JP2003105351A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Nippon Steel Corp Coal rapid pyrolysis method and apparatus
JP2003105352A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Nippon Steel Corp Coal pyrolysis method and apparatus

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4799937A (en) * 1986-01-22 1989-01-24 A. Ahlstrom Corp. Method and apparatus for gasifying carbonaceous material
CN1258712A (en) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-05 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Biomass gasifying and purifying circular fluid-bed system
JP2003105351A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Nippon Steel Corp Coal rapid pyrolysis method and apparatus
JP2003105352A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Nippon Steel Corp Coal pyrolysis method and apparatus
CN2539078Y (en) * 2002-03-30 2003-03-05 郭全发 Integrated firewood burning gasifying stove

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