CN100519430C - Technical method of applying filter material of ceramics granules to treating wastewater from iron and steel industry - Google Patents
Technical method of applying filter material of ceramics granules to treating wastewater from iron and steel industry Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004075 wastewater filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了陶瓷颗粒滤料在钢铁工业废水处理中应用的工艺方法,在钢铁工业废水处理装置的过滤罐中,装填陶瓷颗粒滤料,所述陶瓷颗粒滤料包括陶粒滤料、瓷砂滤料和瓷球滤料从上至下依次分层装填在过滤罐中,钢铁工业废水经一次沉淀和二次平流沉淀后从过滤罐上端进入,通过陶瓷颗粒滤料的截留和吸附,使水与悬浮污染物分离而排出清水。用陶瓷颗粒滤料代替过去用鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤滤料,不仅工艺流程简化,降低了生本成本,提高了处理效率,改善了工作环境;且过滤净化效果好,过滤水质清澈无浑浊,虽然一次性装填费用较高,但其滤料使用周期提高至少6倍以上,其每年度滤料成本比传统滤料年度费用成本节省40-50%,废水处理过滤截污能力提高30%以上,可实现废水零排放。The invention discloses a process method for the application of ceramic particle filter material in the iron and steel industry wastewater treatment. In the filter tank of the iron and steel industry wastewater treatment device, the ceramic particle filter material is filled, and the ceramic particle filter material includes ceramsite filter material, porcelain sand The filter material and the ceramic ball filter material are filled in the filter tank in layers from top to bottom. The wastewater from the iron and steel industry enters from the upper end of the filter tank after the first sedimentation and the second advection sedimentation. Through the interception and adsorption of the ceramic particle filter material, the water Separation from suspended pollutants to discharge clear water. Using ceramic particle filter material instead of cobblestone, quartz sand and anthracite filter material in the past not only simplifies the process flow, reduces the cost of production, improves the processing efficiency, and improves the working environment; but also has a good filtration and purification effect, and the filtered water quality is clear without turbidity. Although the one-time filling cost is high, the service life of the filter material is increased by at least 6 times, the annual cost of the filter material is 40-50% lower than the annual cost of the traditional filter material, and the wastewater treatment and filtration interception capacity is increased by more than 30%. Zero discharge of waste water can be realized.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及废水处理工艺方法,尤其是涉及陶瓷颗粒滤料在钢铁工业废水处理中应用的工艺方法。The invention relates to a process method for wastewater treatment, in particular to a process method for the application of ceramic particle filter materials in the treatment of wastewater in the iron and steel industry.
背景技术 Background technique
钢铁工业废水处理过滤净化是一个十分重要的环节,不论是高炉煤气的废水清洗过滤、转炉烟气的废水净化,还是轧钢、连铸中的含铁皮废水的处理,其废水处理过滤净化效果的好坏直接影响到钢铁冶炼质量、冶炼生产成本、生产效率和环境污染等经济和社会效益。到目前为止,在钢铁工业废水处理中,一直是普遍使用鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤作为过滤介质来过滤净化废水的传统工艺方法,用鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤作为滤料介质来进行钢铁工业废水处理,虽然其滤料介质一次性装填费用相对投入较少,生产成本相对较低,但滤料使用周期一般只有1-2年,使用周期短,降低了钢铁工业废水处理效率,同时用鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤作为滤料介质来进行废水处理,由于其鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤滤料介质耐高温、抗腐蚀性和耐急冷急热性较低,在过滤前需要进行化学工艺处理,分离出酸碱性杂质,滤料介质在过滤时容易板结成块状物,堵塞过滤通道,不仅处理工艺流程复杂,而且过滤水水质带有浑浊,过滤净化效果较低,过滤水排量较小,截污能力较差,过滤净化效率较低,反冲洗难度大,时间长,维护费用高。目前钢铁工业废水处理采用传统工艺方法存在的问题,人们一直渴望能得到解决,但始终未能得到解决,从而影响钢铁工业快速、健康和协调地发展。Filtration and purification of wastewater treatment in the iron and steel industry is a very important link. Whether it is the cleaning and filtration of blast furnace gas wastewater, the wastewater purification of converter flue gas, or the treatment of iron-containing wastewater in steel rolling and continuous casting, the wastewater treatment, filtration and purification effect is good. Deterioration directly affects the economic and social benefits such as iron and steel smelting quality, smelting production cost, production efficiency and environmental pollution. So far, in the iron and steel industry wastewater treatment, it has been a traditional process to filter and purify wastewater by using pebbles, quartz sand and anthracite as filter media, and to use pebbles, quartz sand and anthracite as filter media for iron and steel industry wastewater treatment. , although the one-time filling cost of the filter medium is relatively small, and the production cost is relatively low, but the service life of the filter material is generally only 1-2 years, and the service life is short, which reduces the efficiency of wastewater treatment in the iron and steel industry. At the same time, pebbles, quartz Sand and anthracite are used as filter media for wastewater treatment. Due to the high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and rapid cooling and rapid heat resistance of the cobblestone, quartz sand and anthracite filter media, chemical process treatment is required before filtration to separate out acid Alkaline impurities, the filter medium is easy to form lumps during filtration, blocking the filter channel, not only the processing process is complicated, but also the quality of the filtered water is turbid, the filtration and purification effect is low, the discharge of the filtered water is small, and the cut-off The pollution ability is poor, the filtration and purification efficiency is low, the backwashing is difficult, the time is long, and the maintenance cost is high. At present, the problems existing in the traditional process of wastewater treatment in the iron and steel industry have been longed to be resolved, but have not been resolved, thus affecting the rapid, healthy and coordinated development of the iron and steel industry.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术中,钢铁工业废水处理中用传统过滤净化工艺方法存在的问题,本发明提出了一种不仅钢铁工业废水处理工艺流程简化,且处理过滤净化效果好,过滤净化效率高,滤料使用周期长的陶瓷颗粒滤料在钢铁工业废水处理中应用的工艺方法In view of the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, the traditional filtration and purification process in the treatment of iron and steel industry wastewater, the present invention proposes a method that not only simplifies the process of iron and steel industry wastewater treatment, but also has good treatment, filtration and purification effects, high filtration and purification efficiency, and high filtration efficiency. The application process of ceramic particle filter material with long service life in the treatment of iron and steel industry wastewater
本发明所述陶瓷颗粒滤料在钢铁工业废水处理中应用的工艺方法是:在钢铁工业废水处理装置系统的机械过滤罐中,装填有陶瓷颗粒滤料,所述陶瓷颗粒滤料包括陶粒滤料、瓷砂滤料和瓷球滤料,所述陶粒滤料、瓷砂滤料和瓷球滤料从上至下依次分层装填在过滤罐中,使过滤罐上层为陶粒滤料层、中层瓷砂滤料层和下层为瓷球滤料层,钢铁工业废水经一次沉淀和二次平流沉淀后从过滤罐上端进入,通过陶瓷颗粒滤料的截留和吸附,使水与悬浮污染物分离而排出清水。The technical method of the application of the ceramic particle filter material in the iron and steel industry wastewater treatment of the present invention is: in the mechanical filter tank of the iron and steel industry wastewater treatment device system, the ceramic particle filter material is filled, and the ceramic particle filter material includes a ceramsite filter Material, porcelain sand filter material and ceramic ball filter material, the ceramsite filter material, porcelain sand filter material and ceramic ball filter material are filled in the filter tank in layers from top to bottom, so that the upper layer of the filter tank is ceramsite filter material The first layer, the middle layer of porcelain sand filter material layer and the lower layer are ceramic ball filter material layer. The wastewater from the iron and steel industry enters from the upper end of the filter tank after the first sedimentation and the second advection sedimentation. Through the interception and adsorption of ceramic particle filter material, the water and suspended pollution The material is separated and the clear water is discharged.
所述陶粒滤料粒度为0.5-8mm,瓷砂滤料粒度为0.5-4mm,瓷球滤料直径为8-32mm,所述陶瓷颗粒滤料总高度为1600-2600mm,陶粒滤料层高度为1000-1400mm,瓷砂滤料层高度为300-600mm,瓷球滤料层高度为300-600mm。各种滤料层的高度,滤料粒度大小的选用,应根据废水中污染程度决定,当废水中悬浮物多,浊度大时,瓷砂滤料层高度应相对偏高一些;当废水中油质多时,陶粒滤料层应高一些。The particle size of the ceramsite filter material is 0.5-8mm, the particle size of the porcelain sand filter material is 0.5-4mm, the diameter of the ceramic ball filter material is 8-32mm, the total height of the ceramic particle filter material is 1600-2600mm, and the ceramsite filter material layer The height is 1000-1400mm, the height of the porcelain sand filter layer is 300-600mm, and the height of the porcelain ball filter layer is 300-600mm. The height of various filter material layers and the selection of filter material particle size should be determined according to the degree of pollution in the wastewater. When there are many suspended solids and high turbidity in the wastewater, the height of the porcelain sand filter material layer should be relatively high; when the wastewater contains oil When there is a lot of quality, the layer of ceramsite filter material should be higher.
由于陶瓷颗粒滤料具有抗压强度高、硬度大、耐高温、耐腐蚀和耐急冷急热性,其化学性质稳定,很难与水发生化学反应生成不溶性的无机盐,滤料不容易破碎,不易结块堵塞,不容易分解产生二氧化硅沉积,采用陶瓷颗粒滤料代替过去传统用鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤滤料后,不需要在过滤前用高分子聚合物进行混凝化学处理,工艺流程简化,可减少运行费用和管理费用,降低了生产成本,提高了处理效率,改善了工作环境;再是陶瓷颗粒滤料空隙率大,比表面积大,不仅截留和吸附悬浮污染物能力强,而且还具有去油作用,因而其过滤净化效果好,过滤水质清澈无浑浊,虽然一次性装填费用较高,但其滤料使用周期比传统用鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤滤料的使用周期提高至少6倍以上,一次性装填费用按实际使用年度计算,其每年度滤料成本比传统滤料每年度费用成本节省40-50%,废水处理过滤截污能力提高30%以上,可实现废水零排放。Because the ceramic particle filter material has high compressive strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and rapid cooling and heat resistance, its chemical properties are stable, it is difficult to chemically react with water to form insoluble inorganic salts, and the filter material is not easily broken. It is not easy to agglomerate and block, and it is not easy to decompose to produce silica deposition. After using ceramic particle filter material instead of the traditional pebble, quartz sand and anthracite filter material in the past, it is not necessary to use high molecular polymer for coagulation chemical treatment before filtration. Simplified process can reduce operating costs and management costs, reduce production costs, improve processing efficiency, and improve the working environment; moreover, the ceramic particle filter material has a large porosity and a large specific surface area, which not only has a strong ability to intercept and absorb suspended pollutants, but also Moreover, it also has the effect of degreasing, so its filtration and purification effect is good, and the filtered water quality is clear without turbidity. Although the one-time filling cost is high, the service life of the filter material is at least longer than that of the traditional pebbles, quartz sand and anthracite filter materials. More than 6 times, the one-time filling cost is calculated according to the actual use year, and the annual cost of the filter material is 40-50% less than the annual cost of the traditional filter material, and the waste water treatment and filtration interception capacity is increased by more than 30%, and zero discharge of waste water can be realized .
所述陶瓷颗粒滤料还便于进行反冲洗,反冲洗时间更短,反冲洗周期延长,反冲洗水量减少,提高了水处理生产效率,节约了反冲洗水用量。The ceramic particle filter material is also convenient for backwashing, the backwashing time is shorter, the backwashing period is prolonged, the amount of backwashing water is reduced, the water treatment production efficiency is improved, and the amount of backwashing water is saved.
所述陶粒滤料是以粘土、长石和石英砂为主要原料,再加入一定比例的成孔剂、粘结剂和熟料,经过破碎、混炼、成型、烘干和高温焙烧加工而成,其主要成份为二氧化硅和三氧化铝,孔隙率为55%。The ceramsite filter material is made of clay, feldspar and quartz sand as the main raw materials, and then adding a certain proportion of pore-forming agent, binder and clinker, and is processed through crushing, mixing, molding, drying and high-temperature roasting. , whose main components are silica and alumina, with a porosity of 55%.
所述瓷砂滤料和瓷球滤料是选取用优质的高岭土为原料,加入一定比例的填充剂、成孔剂配制,经高温焙烧而成。The porcelain sand filter material and ceramic ball filter material are prepared by selecting high-quality kaolin as raw material, adding a certain proportion of filler and pore-forming agent, and roasting at high temperature.
所述陶瓷颗粒滤料在钢铁工业水处理中应用的工艺流程是:The process flow for the application of the ceramic particle filter material in the iron and steel industry water treatment is:
1、废水经一次池沉淀和二次平流沉淀后,再经陶瓷颗粒滤料过滤,1. The wastewater is filtered through the ceramic particle filter material after the first pool sedimentation and the second advection sedimentation.
2、过滤后进行冷却成生产用水,2. After filtering, it is cooled into production water.
3、对陶瓷颗粒滤料进行反冲洗,,反冲洗水经排渣除油后,进入循环水池。3. Backwash the ceramic particle filter material, and the backwash water enters the circulating pool after deslagging and degreasing.
所述陶瓷颗粒滤料其过滤效果与鹅卵石、石英砂和无烟煤滤料过滤效果各项指标的比较:The comparison of the filtering effect of the ceramic particle filter material with the filtering effects of cobblestone, quartz sand and anthracite filter material:
注:L表示公升,d表示天,h表示小时。Note: L means liter, d means day, h means hour.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1,在广西柳州钢铁公司进行使用,该公司钢铁工业废水处理装置系统包括一次沉淀池沉淀,二次平池沉淀池沉淀和陶瓷颗粒滤料过滤,废水中悬浮物偏多,其机械过滤系统中过滤罐直径为2200mm,选用陶粒滤料、瓷砂滤料和瓷球滤料分层装填在过滤罐中,所述陶粒滤料层位于过滤罐上层,其陶粒滤料层高度为1200mm,瓷砂滤料层位于过滤罐中层,其瓷砂滤料层高度为600mm,瓷球滤料层位于过滤罐下层,其瓷球滤料层高度为400mm,形成的陶粒层、瓷砂层和瓷球层总高度为2200mm,所述陶粒滤料粒度为1-4mm,瓷砂滤料粒度为0.4-2mm,瓷球滤料直径为5-20mm,钢铁工业废水经一次沉淀和二次平流沉淀后从过滤罐上端进入,通过陶瓷颗粒滤料的截留和吸附,使水与悬浮污染物分离而排出清水。其过滤水经检测各项指标是:Example 1, used in Guangxi Liuzhou Iron and Steel Company, the company's iron and steel industry wastewater treatment plant system includes a sedimentation tank sedimentation, a secondary flat pool sedimentation tank sedimentation and ceramic particle filter material filtration, suspended solids in the wastewater are too much, its mechanical filtration system The diameter of the middle filter tank is 2200mm, and the ceramic filter material, porcelain sand filter material and ceramic ball filter material are selected to be layered and filled in the filter tank. The ceramic filter material layer is located on the upper layer of the filter tank, and the height of the ceramic filter material layer is 1200mm, the porcelain sand filter material layer is located in the middle layer of the filter tank, the height of the porcelain sand filter material layer is 600mm, the ceramic ball filter material layer is located in the lower layer of the filter tank, and the height of the ceramic ball filter material layer is 400mm, the formed ceramsite layer, porcelain sand The total height of the layer and the ceramic ball layer is 2200mm, the particle size of the ceramsite filter material is 1-4mm, the particle size of the porcelain sand filter material is 0.4-2mm, and the diameter of the ceramic ball filter material is 5-20mm. After the secondary advection sedimentation, it enters from the upper end of the filter tank, and through the interception and adsorption of the ceramic particle filter material, the water is separated from the suspended pollutants and the clear water is discharged. The indicators of the filtered water after testing are:
实施例2,在湖南涟源钢铁公司使用,该钢铁工业废水处理装置系统包括一次沉淀池沉淀,二次平池沉淀池沉淀和陶瓷颗粒滤料过滤,废水中油质偏多,其机械过滤系统中过滤罐直径为5000mm,选用陶粒滤料、瓷砂滤料和瓷球滤料分别装填在过滤罐中,所述陶粒滤料层位于过滤罐上层,其陶粒滤料层高度为1400mm,瓷砂滤料层位于过滤罐中层,其瓷砂滤料层高度为500mm,瓷球滤料层位于过滤罐下层,其瓷球滤料层高度为500mm,形成的陶粒层、瓷砂层和瓷球层总高度为2400mm,所述陶粒滤料粒度为1-2mm,瓷砂滤料粒度为2-4mm,瓷球滤料直径为2-16mm,钢铁工业废水经一次沉淀和二次平流沉淀后从过滤罐上端进入,通过陶瓷颗粒滤料的截留和吸附,使水与悬浮污染物分离而排出清水。其过滤的清水经检测各项指标是:Embodiment 2, used in Hunan Lianyuan Iron and Steel Company, the iron and steel industry wastewater treatment plant system includes a settling tank sedimentation, a secondary flat pool settling tank sedimentation and ceramic particle filter material filtration, the oil in the waste water is too much, and it is filtered in the mechanical filtration system The diameter of the tank is 5000mm. Ceramic filter material, porcelain sand filter material and ceramic ball filter material are used to fill the filter tank respectively. The ceramsite filter material layer is located on the upper layer of the filter tank. The sand filter material layer is located in the middle layer of the filter tank, and the height of the porcelain sand filter material layer is 500mm. The ceramic ball filter material layer is located in the lower layer of the filter tank, and the height of the ceramic ball filter material layer is 500mm. The total height of the spherical layer is 2400mm, the particle size of the ceramsite filter material is 1-2mm, the particle size of the porcelain sand filter material is 2-4mm, and the diameter of the ceramic ball filter material is 2-16mm. Finally, it enters from the upper end of the filter tank, and through the interception and adsorption of the ceramic particle filter material, the water is separated from the suspended pollutants and the clear water is discharged. The tested indicators of the filtered water are:
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CN111453782B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2022-07-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel plant water treatment filter material and application thereof |
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CN102895809B (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2015-08-19 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | A kind of ceramic filtering device and preparation method thereof |
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