CN100501751C

CN100501751C - Device and method for 3D rough reconstruction design of gemstones based on machine vision

Info

Publication number: CN100501751C
Application number: CNB2007100727730A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 屈桢深
Original assignee: Shao Chengxun
Current assignee: Shao Chengxun
Priority date: 2007-09-06
Filing date: 2007-09-06
Publication date: 2009-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-06
Also published as: CN101118570A

Abstract

A device and a method for reconstruction designing of the precious stone three-dimensional blank based on mechanical vision relates to a device and a method for reconstruction cutting work designing of the precious stone three-dimensional blank based on mechanical vision method, so as to solve the problems that the blank reconstruction device of the existing precious stone is complicated in structure and expensive in cost; as well as the designing method exists the problems that the designing method cannot support automatic designing, the manual design parameter process is fussy and wastes a long time, the experience of the designer is depended on very much, and the best design is very difficult to achieve. The signal output terminal of the picture collection equipment of the present invention is connected with the signal input terminal of the processing system, the control input terminal of the rotate platform equipment and the illumination equipment are connected with the control output terminal of the processing system, the output light of the illumination equipment supplies the input terminal of the picture collection equipment. The method and the step of the present invention is as follows: step one, start; step two, blank reconstruction; step three, cutting work designing; step four, three-dimensional modeling. The present invention has the advantages that the testing time is short, the cutting work designing is flexible and the cost performance is high, and is convenient for users to purchase and apply.

Description

Device and method based on the design of the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of jewel blank design system, be specifically related to a kind of device and method that carries out jewel blank reconstruction cutting work designing based on machine vision method.

Background technology

The jewel cutting work designing is a most important procedure in the gem processing technological process, need weigh index, finds out an equilibrium point.The quality of jewel cutting work designing directly has influence on this jewel commercial value in the future.It requires the deviser accurately measuring on the basis of jewel blank, according to having experience and customer requirement to be optimized design, needs very strong space imagining ability and abundant gem processing and commercial experience.Existing manual mode can't meet the demands along with the increasingly sophisticated and demand of customer requirements continues to increase, thereby intellectual technology and Automatic Measurement Technique must be introduced the jewel design field.

The method that the reconstruct of workpiece 3D shape is mainly adopted is structured light scanning reconstruct and multiple-camera imaging method.First kind method precision height, algorithm are ripe relatively, existing lot of research and preliminary realization industrialization in this field at present, as products such as three-dimensional imaging instrument and spatial digitizers, yet the common complex structure of this series products involves great expense, and can't realize miniaturization and requirement cheaply; Second class methods then need to use a plurality of video cameras and carry out precise synchronization, there is the high problem of complex structure and hardware cost equally, existing restructing algorithm is generally only considered the smooth object surface, when having the jewel blank of corner angle or obvious face feature, processing can occur than mistake, and can't be as measurement result and further design use.For the jewel cutting work designing, at present existing multiclass cut Autocad, as GemCAD, JewelCAD etc., can design 3-D display jewel cut and comparing result according to the user, shortcoming is not support automatic design, observations after the necessary one group of parameter of manual designs of user, adjust parameter repeatedly until finally reaching satisfied result according to the result again, whole process is loaded down with trivial details, and length consuming time generally needs dozens of minutes even a few hours just can finish, and the result seriously relies on deviser's experience, is difficult to reach optimal design.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the complex structure that solves existing jewel blank reconstruction device existence, the problem that involves great expense; And method for designing exist do not support automatic design, the loaded down with trivial details length consuming time of manual design parameter process, too rely on deviser's experience, be difficult to reach the problem of optimal design, a kind of device and method of the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design based on machine vision is provided.

The device that designs based on the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision of the present invention is by image capture device 1, rotatable platform equipment 2, disposal system 3 and light fixture 4 are formed, the signal output part of image capture device 1 is connected with the signal input part of disposal system 3, the control input end of rotatable platform equipment 2 and light fixture 4 is connected with the control output end of disposal system 3, the output light of light fixture 4 is supplied with the input end of image capture device 1, described image capture device 1 is made up of video camera 1-1 and image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of video camera 1-1 is connected with the signal input part of image pick-up card 1-2, described rotatable platform equipment 2 is by platform body 2-1, drive motor 2-2 and device control card 2-3 form, the transmission output terminal of drive motor 2-2 and platform body 2-1 are in transmission connection, the control input end of the 2-2 of drive motor is connected with the control output end of device control card 2-3, described disposal system 3 is made up of processor 3-1 and display device 3-2, the signal input part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal output part of image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal input part of display device 3-2, the control output end of processor 3-1 is connected with the control input end of device control card 2-3, described light fixture 4 comprises secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3, the control input end of secondary light source 4-1 is connected with the control output end of processor 3-1, secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2, jewel blank W to be measured, camera lens 4-3 and video camera 1-1 are provided with point-blank successively from right to left, and secondary light source 4-1 and video camera 1-1 are separately positioned on the focus place of Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3.

The method step of gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1, startup: jewel blank W to be measured is placed on the platform body 2-1, sends steering order by processor 3-1 and provide back lighting for platform body 2-1 for secondary light source 4-1;

Step 2, blank reconstruction: processor 3-1 drives platform body 2-1 by device control card 2-3 controlling and driving motor 2-2 with assigned rate and carries out the high precision rotation, gather the video of jewel blank W all angles to be measured by video camera 1-1, the video of gathering is converted into the multiframe digital image sequence by image pick-up card 1-2 and imports among the processor 3-1, the multiframe digital image sequence is calculated three-dimensional surface and the form parameter of jewel blank W to be measured by processor 3-1, and in processor 3-1 the shape of reconstruct jewel blank;

Step 3, cutting work designing: according to the cutting profile of the three-dimensionalreconstruction result of jewel blank W to be measured, jewel to be designed and follow the initial parameter that standard-required is optimized major axes orientation, the size parameter of jewel to be designed by processor 3-1 and calculated each cut surface, compare with the standard database that is kept among the processor 3-1 again, further obtain concrete parameter of each cut surface of jewel to be designed and complete final design result, and reconstruct and design result are kept in the processor 3-1 for consulting retrieval and printout;

Step 4, three-dimensional modeling: by processor 3-1 the 3D shape of jewel blank W to be measured and cutting parameter are provided with form in the mode of three-dimensional stack by the user by the OpenGL technology and are presented on the display device 3-2, and 3-D view is rotated, locally amplifies and jewel blank W to be measured and design result stack are shown.

The present invention has following characteristics:

(1) detection time short, every jewel blank detection time, only about 10 seconds, the cutting work designing time was about 20 seconds; It is convenient to measure, and only needs the jewel blank is arbitrarily placed on the rotation platform, need not manual calibrating position and can realize gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction and cutting work designing, the process full automation.

(2) cutting work designing is flexible, but design parameter is many, and it is accurate to optimize the result, not only can design single jewel cut according to cutting weight maximal criterion according to conventional method, and can finish flaw jewel cutting work designing, many jewels design simultaneously, can carry out manual correction to design result simultaneously; Design parameter not only comprises each cut surface and precious stone shape parameter, also comprises the main shaft three-dimensional, jewel rank, jewel cutting standard etc.

(3) show blank reconstruction and jewel design result intuitively with three dimensional constitution, by superpose with picture 3-D display jewel blank shape and cutting work designing result, the user can carry out the whole and any local facet of jewel intuitively, and with the contrast of former blank shape, allow the user design result to be revised simultaneously, unreasonable part is intuitively demonstrated false alarm by three-dimensional so that interactive mode is manual.

(4) based on the machine vision principle, use component equipments such as video camera, control card, secondary light source, homogeneous system need not special measuring appliance relatively, thereby easy to use, and the cost performance height is convenient to the user and is bought application.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method, and Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of blank reconstruction method, and Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of cutting work designing method, and Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of three-dimensional modeling method.

Embodiment

Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1, the device of present embodiment is by image capture device 1, rotatable platform equipment 2, disposal system 3 and light fixture 4 are formed, the signal output part of image capture device 1 is connected with the signal input part of disposal system 3, the control input end of rotatable platform equipment 2 and light fixture 4 is connected with the control output end of disposal system 3, the output light of light fixture 4 is supplied with the input end of image capture device 1, described image capture device 1 is made up of video camera 1-1 and image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of video camera 1-1 is connected with the signal input part of image pick-up card 1-2, described rotatable platform equipment 2 is by platform body 2-1, drive motor 2-2 and device control card 2-3 form, the transmission output terminal of drive motor 2-2 and platform body 2-1 are in transmission connection, the control input end of the 2-2 of drive motor is connected with the control output end of device control card 2-3, described disposal system 3 is made up of processor 3-1 and display device 3-2, the signal input part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal output part of image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal input part of display device 3-2, the control output end of processor 3-1 is connected with the control input end of device control card 2-3, described light fixture 4 comprises secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3, the control input end of secondary light source 4-1 is connected with the control output end of processor 3-1, secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2, jewel blank W to be measured, camera lens 4-3 and video camera 1-1 are provided with point-blank successively from right to left, and secondary light source 4-1 and video camera 1-1 are separately positioned on the focus place of Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3.The light fixture 4 of present embodiment can also increase laser diode 4-4 and slit lens 4-5, laser diode 4-4 is arranged on the focus place of slit lens 4-5, jewel blank W to be measured, slit lens 4-5 and laser diode 4-4 set gradually on an axis, and the straight line at this axis and Fresnel Lenses 4-2, jewel blank W to be measured and camera lens 4-3 place is in same surface level.When there is pit in jewel blank surface, open laser diode 4-4 emission laser, laser becomes linear light radiation to jewel blank surface after by slit lens 4-5, and the pit on jewel blank surface is discerned by the variation of light source projection straight line degree.

Embodiment two: referring to Fig. 2, the method step of present embodiment is:

Embodiment three: referring to Fig. 3, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is that the step of blank reconstruction of step 3 is as follows: steps A, start rotating machinery: start video camera 1-1 and rotatable platform body 2-1, drive platform body 2-1 by device control card 2-3 controlling and driving motor 2-2 with assigned rate and carry out the high precision rotation; Step B, image acquisition: by video camera 1-1 jewel blank W to be measured is carried out image acquisition, and the image that collects is sent to processor 3-1 by image pick-up card 1-2; Step C, image pre-service: remove noise, thresholding, jewel blank W to be measured is carried out image segmentation; Step D, the match of jewel outline polygon: from quadrilateral, increase the limit number gradually, surround error less than specifying numerical value until polygon and jewel profile; Step e, calculate each apex coordinate: at first calculate the two-dimensional coordinate on each summit of polygon, then according to current platform angle and table top center calculation summit depth information; Step F, judgement collection finish: judge whether platform body 2-1 rotates a circle, and is, then image acquisition process is finished, and turns to step G, not, then return step B; Step G, divide network: use Delaunday to improve algorithm and divide according to the three-dimensional vertices coordinate; Step H, computing grid normal vector, grid optimization: be optimized according to network flatness constraint, to each grid computing normal vector and with the distance at platform center, calculate adjacent mesh normal vector and distance error then; Step I, judge whether that all grids all can't merge: be, then turn to step J, not, then turn to step H; Step J, obtain each vertex of surface, summit order and face parameter: according to the space law vector and initial point distance of optimizing the back grid, usage space cartesian geometry formula calculates each hand-deliver point as the summit, determines the vertex index and the some preface of each grid then.Other step is identical with embodiment two.

Embodiment four: referring to Fig. 4, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is that the step of cutting work designing of step 4 is as follows: step 1., read in designing requirement: judge whether to be then to turn to step 2. into formulating shaped design,, then do not turn to step 7.; Step 2., designated shape design: at first design axially three-dimensional in blank according to shape; Step 3., is further determined the size of wide part of jewel; Step 4., according to the size of wide part and the range of size that cutting work designing requires to determine remainder; Step 5., optimized design: in range of size according to the design objective requirement, jewel to be designed at first is divided into a plurality of basic comprising voxels according to each summit, to each voxel calculation Design index and add up, adopt exploratory searching method in the optimization procedure based on golden section; Step 6., judge whether to reach optimized design: will optimize the result and compare, and be, and then turn to step 8., not, then turn to step 5. with the standard database that is kept among the processor 3-1; Step is 7., freely design: determine the basic configuration classification set of jewel to be designed, to each class shape, according to step 2.～step method is 6. carried out optimal design, and the record design result; Step 8., all kinds of shaped design results are compared is selected optimal result.Other step is identical with embodiment two.

Embodiment five: referring to Fig. 5, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment three is that the step of three-dimensional modeling of step 4 is as follows: step I, initialization: determine true origin, initial visual angle, jewel material, light source parameters; Step I i, eliminate invisible intersection point: each laminar surface is obtained and last layer, one deck adjacent surface down, calculate the hand-deliver point, whether as seen to calculate each intersection point; Step I ii, judge whether to eliminate invisible intersection point: be, then turn to step I v, not, then turn to step I i; Step I v, output parameter: draw jewel envelope grid by the summit, and export the corresponding parameter of each face on the whole; Step v, Rendering: carry out painted to jewel and drafting according to the material of light source position, lighting angle and setting; Step vi, operation response: the input of response user's mouse or keyboard, to jewel be rotated, zoom operations.Other step is identical with embodiment two.

Claims

1. A device for reconstructing and designing a three-dimensional gemstone blank based on machine vision, which consists of image acquisition equipment (1), rotating platform equipment (2), processing system (3) and lighting equipment (4), and is characterized in that the image acquisition equipment The signal output terminal of (1) is connected with the signal input terminal of the processing system (3), the control input terminal of the rotating platform equipment (2) and the lighting equipment (4) is connected with the control output terminal of the processing system (3), and the lighting equipment ( 4) the output light is supplied to the input end of the image acquisition device (1), and the image acquisition device (1) is made up of a camera (1-1) and an image acquisition card (1-2), and the signal of the camera (1-1) The output end is connected with the signal input end of the image acquisition card (1-2), and the described rotary platform device (2) is composed of a platform body (2-1), a driving motor (2-2) and a device control card (2-3) Composition, the transmission output end of the driving motor (2-2) is connected with the transmission of the platform body (2-1), the control input end of the driving motor (2-2) is connected with the control output end of the equipment control card (2-3) , the processing system (3) is made up of a processor (3-1) and a display device (3-2), the signal input end of the processor (3-1) and the signal output end of the image acquisition card (1-2) Connection, the signal output end of the processor (3-1) is connected with the signal input end of the display device (3-2), the control output end of the processor (3-1) is connected with the control input of the device control card (2-3) The lighting device (4) includes an auxiliary light source (4-1), a Fresnel lens (4-2) and a lens (4-3), the control input end of the auxiliary light source (4-1) and the processor (3-1) is connected to the control output terminal, auxiliary light source (4-1), Fresnel lens (4-2), gem blank to be tested (W), lens (4-3) and video camera (1-1) They are arranged on a straight line from right to left in sequence, and the auxiliary light source (4-1) and the camera (1-1) are respectively arranged at the focal points of the Fresnel lens (4-2) and the lens (4-3).

2. The device of machine vision-based three-dimensional rough reconstruction and design of gemstones according to claim 1, characterized in that its lighting equipment (4) has increased laser diodes (4-4) and slit lenses (4-5) , the laser diode (4-4) is arranged at the focal point of the slit lens (4-5), and the gem blank (W) to be tested, the slit lens (4-5) and the laser diode (4-4) are arranged in a line in sequence axis, and this axis is in the same horizontal plane as the straight line where the Fresnel lens (4-2), the gem blank (W) to be tested and the lens (4-3) are located.

3, the method for the three-dimensional rough reconstruction design of gemstone based on machine vision, it is characterized in that its steps are as follows:

Step 1. Start: Place the gemstone blank (W) to be tested on the platform body (2-1), and the processor (3-1) sends a control command to the auxiliary light source (4-1) as the platform body (2-1) ) provides backlighting;

Step 2. Blank reconstruction: Control the drive motor (2-2) through the device control card (2-3) to drive the platform body (2-1) at a specified rate for high-precision rotation, and use the camera (1-1) to capture the data to be tested Videos from various angles of the gemstone blank (W), the collected video is converted into a multi-frame digital image sequence by the image acquisition card (1-2) and transmitted to the processor (3-1), and the multi-frame digital image sequence is passed through the processor ( 3-1) Calculate the three-dimensional surface and shape parameters of the gemstone blank (W) to be tested, and reconstruct the shape of the gemstone blank in the processor (3-1);

Step 3. Cutting design: according to the three-dimensional reconstruction results of the gemstone blank (W) to be tested, the cutting shape of the gemstone to be designed and the standard requirements, optimize the main axis direction and size parameters of the gemstone to be designed through the processor (3-1) and Calculate the original parameters of each cutting surface, and then compare them with the standard database stored in the processor (3-1), and further obtain the specific parameters of each cutting surface of the gemstone to be designed and the complete final design result, and reconstruct and design The results are stored in the processor (3-1) for retrieval and printout;

Step 4, three-dimensional modeling: display the three-dimensional shape and cutting parameters of the gem blank (W) to be tested on the display device (3-2) in the form of three-dimensional superimposition by the OpenGL technology through the processor (3-1) , and the three-dimensional image is rotated, partially enlarged, and the gem rough (W) to be tested and the design result are superimposed and displayed.

4, the method for the three-dimensional rough reconstruction design of gemstone based on machine vision according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of the rough reconstruction of step 2 is as follows: Step A, start rotating equipment: start video camera (1-1) and Rotate the platform body (2-1), control the drive motor (2-2) through the device control card (2-3) to drive the platform body (2-1) at a specified rate for high-precision rotation; step B, image acquisition: by the camera (1-1) Image acquisition is carried out on the gem blank (W) to be tested, and the image collected is transmitted to the processor (3-1) through the image acquisition card (1-2); step C, image preprocessing: remove noise , thresholding, image segmentation of the gem blank (W) to be tested; Step D, polygon fitting of the gem contour: starting from the quadrilateral, gradually increasing the number of sides until the enclosing error between the polygon and the gem contour is less than a specified value; Step E, calculating each vertex Coordinates: First calculate the two-dimensional coordinates of each vertex of the polygon, and then calculate the vertex depth information according to the current platform angle and the center of the table; Step F, judging that the collection is completed: judging whether the platform body (2-1) has rotated a circle, if yes, then the image acquisition process Complete, turn to step G, if not, return to step B; step G, divide the network according to the three-dimensional vertex coordinates: use Delaunday's improved algorithm for division; step H, calculate the grid normal vector, grid optimization: optimize according to the network smoothness constraints , calculate the normal vector and the distance from the center of the platform for each grid, then calculate the normal vector and the distance error of the adjacent grids; step I, judge whether all grids cannot be merged: if yes, then turn to step J, if not, then Turn to step H; step J, obtain vertices of each surface, vertex sequence and surface parameters: according to the distance between the space normal vector and the origin of the optimized grid, use the spatial analytic geometry formula to calculate the intersection points of each surface as vertices, and then determine the vertices of each grid Index and point sequence.

5. The method of machine vision-based three-dimensional rough reconstruction and design of gemstones according to claim 3, characterized in that the steps of the cutting design in step 3 are as follows: Step 1. Reading in design requirements: judging whether it is a specified shape design, If yes, turn to step ②; if not, turn to step ⑦; step ②, specify the shape design: first design the three-dimensional axial direction in the rough according to the shape; step ③, further determine the size of the widest part of the gemstone; step ④, according to the most The size and cutting design requirements of the wide part determine the size range of the remaining parts; step 5, optimal design: within the size range, according to the design index requirements, the gemstone to be designed is first divided into a plurality of basic constituent voxels according to each vertex, and the Each voxel calculates the design index and accumulates it. In the optimization process, a tentative search method based on the golden section is adopted; step ⑥, judging whether the optimal design is achieved: the optimization result is compared with the standard stored in the processor (3-1) Database comparison, if yes, then turn to step ⑧, if not, then turn to step ⑤; step ⑦, free design: determine the basic shape category set of gemstones to be designed, for each type of shape, according to the method of step ② to step ⑥ Optimal design, and record the design results; step ⑧, compare the design results of various shapes, and select the optimal result.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the three-dimensional modeling step of step 4 is as follows: step i, initialization: determine the coordinate origin, initial viewing angle, gemstone material, Light source parameters; step ii, eliminate invisible intersections: for each layer surface, obtain adjacent surfaces with the previous layer and the next layer, calculate the intersection points of the surfaces, and calculate whether each intersection point is visible; step iii, judge whether the invisible intersection points have been eliminated: If yes, turn to step iv; if not, turn to step ii; step iv, output parameters: draw the enveloping grid of gemstones by vertices, and output the corresponding parameters of each surface on the surface; step v, coloring and drawing: according to the position of the light source, The lighting angle and the set material are used to color and draw the gemstone; step vi, response operation: responding to the user's mouse or keyboard input, the gemstone is rotated and scaled.