CN100488683C - Rotatable cutter for chip-removing machining - Google Patents
Rotatable cutter for chip-removing machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN100488683C CN100488683C CNB2005100673267A CN200510067326A CN100488683C CN 100488683 C CN100488683 C CN 100488683C CN B2005100673267 A CNB2005100673267 A CN B2005100673267A CN 200510067326 A CN200510067326 A CN 200510067326A CN 100488683 C CN100488683 C CN 100488683C
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种优选用于钻探的切削刀具，包括：可旋转基体(4)以及可更换切削部或可拆卸顶部(5)，该切削部能够通过凸形/凹形接头与基体形成刚性连接，所述接头一方面包括形成在基体前端中的凹形凹槽(11)并且另一方面包括能够插入到凹槽中并且从可拆卸顶部(5)向后伸出的凸形部分(22)，所述凹槽由底表面(14)和两个侧表面(15)所限定，所述凸形部分包括端表面(23)和两个侧表面(24)。在基体(4)的前部中形成有向前开口的狭槽(12)，该狭槽将两个可弹性偏转的腿部(13)分开以便将凸形部分(22)夹在凹槽(11)中，并且在所述端表面和底表面(23、14)之一中形成有底座(28)以用于容纳第二表面上的凸起(27)。
The invention relates to a cutting tool, preferably for drilling, comprising: a rotatable base body (4) and a replaceable cutting part or removable top (5) capable of forming a rigid connection with the base body by means of a male/female joint , said joint comprises on the one hand a female groove (11) formed in the front end of the base body and on the other hand a male part (22) which can be inserted into the groove and protrudes rearwardly from the detachable top (5) , the groove is defined by a bottom surface (14) and two side surfaces (15), and the convex portion includes an end surface (23) and two side surfaces (24). In the front of the base (4) is formed a forwardly opening slot (12) which separates the two resiliently deflectable legs (13) to clamp the male portion (22) in the groove ( 11), and a seat (28) is formed in one of said end and bottom surfaces (23, 14) for receiving a protrusion (27) on the second surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotatable tool that is used for removing smear metal or smear metal formation processing, this cutter comprises matrix and replaceable cutting portion, this cutting portion can form by male/female joint and matrix and be rigidly connected, this joint comprises the concave grooves that is formed in the matrix front end on the one hand and comprises on the other hand from what cutting portion stretched out backward and can be inserted into convex part the groove, described groove is limited by basal surface and two sides, described male portion branch comprises end surfaces and two side surfaces, in the front portion of matrix, be formed with slit to open front, but this slit separates the shank of two elastic deflections so that convex partly is clipped in the groove, and is formed with base to be used to hold the projection on the second surface in one of described end surfaces and basal surface.
Background technology
This cutting tool with matrix and independent replaceable cutting portion can have some kinds of different forms in practice, and for example comprises drilling tool, milling cutter for example slotting cutter or slitting mill, screw cutter etc.Matrix is made of the elongate shaft portion with cylindrical basic shape usually.In modern machine tool, matrix is so complicated and expensive, thereby they can not form as one with cutting portion owing to economic cause, and this cutting portion constitutes the wearing part of cutter and has limited service life.In other words, preferably the cutting portion of reality is made into the form of independent detachable unit, those of ordinary skills are called it " detachable top " usually, and after wearing and tearing, can change, and expensive matrix can use in the longer time (times of common 10 to 20 replacing cutting portions).In fact, detachable top wholly or in part by hard wear-resistant material for example carbide alloy etc. make, matrix then by have bigger flexible material for example steel make.Should be noted that described this cutter mainly but be not must be used for metal works is carried out machined.
Its development of cutter with detachable top is particularly concentrated and noticeable in the probing field.Simple drilling machine or multi-functional mechanical all can be used for drilling operation, in two kinds of situations, all use arbor or knife rest firm and that rigidity is installed, the rearward end of the matrix of cutting tool can be fixed in it, simultaneously described detachable top can the free installation or removal at the leading section of this matrix, and this detachable top is carried out in the workpiece that is cut and cut or debris removal is processed.Under the situation of absolute ideal, the geometric centre axes of matrix not only, and the geometric centre axes at detachable top all should be along the straight line location of the accurate extension of the geometric centre axes of arbor, so that be created in the hole that all has optimum precision aspect shape and the position in workpiece.Yet, in practice, but be difficult to reach optimum precision, this at first is because the tolerance that inevitably exists in the interface between detachable top and matrix, as everyone knows, in different operations and use different materials to make described detachable top and matrix respectively, also owing in matrix and detachable top, have the various forms defective.Therefore, in practice its result normally drill bit when creeping into workpiece, produce swing, that is, the departing from of the non-expectation in end at detachable top should be used for determining that the extension straight line of the arbor geometric centre axes of the geometric position of holing locatees.Therefore; the end at detachable top is not piercing in the workpiece of linearity as desired; spiral or planetary motion but originally at first produce, so that finally be stabilized on the linear movement track, and this linear movement track can more or less depart from desired motion track location.
Initial described this cutting tool is known in SE 0103752-2.Yet a shortcoming of this cutter is that the male portion branch at detachable top forms must be in the one side be inserted reception groove the matrix.In order to overcome this shortcoming, a kind of cutter is disclosed in SE 0400056-8, make it possible to partly insert in the groove of matrix along axial convex with detachable top.In this cutter, the male portion at detachable top be arranged with that the rotation symmetry is shaped to protrusions, this is set to engage with the base that is arranged in the shaping of the same rotation symmetry of groove basal surface to protrusions.Effect to protrusions is to make detachable top with respect to matrix centering, and for this has tapered enveloping surface to protrusions, its minimum and maximum diameter be adjusted into make to protrusions with limit base openings form linearity between for circular edge and contact substantially.Not only aspect the detachable top of carbide alloy manufacturing, but also making aspect the matrix that has just constituted, this structure all needs the quite high accuracy of manufacture.And, can not guarantee to have this machining accuracy, even detachable top is in fact with respect to the accurate centering of matrix.Therefore, even if the extension straight line location of central axis that very little form defective also can cause the center axis deviation arbor at detachable top self in the matrix.
Summary of the invention
Its purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned shortcoming according to the cutting tool of prior art, and a kind of improved cutting tool is provided.Therefore, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cutting tool that is particularly useful for drilling, and its cutting portion can carry out centering in point-device mode with respect to the central axis of arbor.Another object of the present invention is to realize improved machining accuracy by device simple and with low cost.A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cutter, wherein the interface between cutting portion and matrix has characteristic like this, promptly make user/operator when cutting portion is installed, be sure of this cutting portion be regarded as can with a kind of different and reliably mode be fixed in the groove of matrix.
According to the present invention, described at least main purpose realizes by following scheme.This scheme is a kind of rotatable tool that is used for removing smear metal processing, comprise: matrix and replaceable cutting portion, this cutting portion can form by male/female joint and matrix and be rigidly connected, described joint comprises the concave grooves that is formed in the matrix front end on the one hand and comprises the convex part that can be inserted in the groove and stretch out backward from cutting portion on the other hand, described groove is limited by basal surface and two sides, described male portion branch comprises end surfaces and two side surfaces, in the front portion of matrix, be formed with slit to open front, but this slit separates the shank of two elastic deflections so that partly be clipped in convex in the groove, and in one of described end surfaces and basal surface, be formed with base to be used to hold the projection on the second surface, it is characterized in that, base is bigger than projection, thereby make the convex part of cutting portion in groove, to move back and forth along the direction that is parallel to side and side surface, so that cutting portion can be moved along described direction with respect to matrix, and make this cutting portion centering voluntarily thus in cutting operation.
Brief description of drawings
In these accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is for being drill bit and the stereogram that is installed in the cutting tool in the rotatable arbor according to form of the present invention, and the matrix of this cutter is represented by dotted lines;
The exploded perspective view of the cutting portion that Fig. 2 is separated for a part of matrix of first embodiment of cutting tool according to the present invention and with described matrix or the amplification at detachable top;
Fig. 3 is the end-view according to the matrix of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the end-view according to the detachable top of Fig. 2;
When Fig. 5 is in confined state for cutter along the longitdinal cross-section diagram of line A-A;
Fig. 6 passes the sectional view that the height of the part at the interface between detachable top and the matrix amplifies, and is the zone that is arranged in the projection that is contained in base more accurately, and this projection is shown with respect to base and is positioned at its center;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view corresponding to Fig. 6, and the protruding position that is in base along transverse shift is shown;
Fig. 8 is the decomposition view corresponding to Fig. 2, and second optional embodiment of cutting tool according to the present invention is shown;
Fig. 9 illustrates according to the 3rd optional embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the side view of matrix;
Figure 11 is the end-view of same matrix;
Figure 12 is the end-view according to the detachable top of matching with matrix of Figure 10 and 11; And
Figure 13 is the end-view of another embodiment at detachable top.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, its form of Reference numeral 1 expression is the cutting tool in the knife rest 2 of being installed in of drill bit, and knife rest 2 is installed in the rotatable arbor 3.This drill bit is made of the matrix 4 that is represented by dotted lines and replaceable cutting portion or detachable top 5.Matrix 4 is made of narrow relatively columniform axle in this case, and described axle portion in its back-end has the part 6 that can be assembled to the thickening in the knife rest 2.Described knife rest can be installed in again in the hollow space 7 in the arbor 3.The front surface of arbor 3 is provided with two shoulders 9 so that participate in transmitting moment of torsion to drill bit, and described shoulder 9 is bonded in the groove of knife rest 2.In matrix 4, be formed with spiral chip area 10.As obviously finding out in Fig. 1, detachable top 5 is installed on the free front end of matrix 4.
In Fig. 1, C represents imaginary geometric center lines, and it is shown a dashdotted form, extends to the front end at detachable top 5 from the rear end of arbor 3.Yet in practice, each member 2,3,4,5 all has its geometric center lines separately.Therefore, arbor 3 has a central axis, represents with C3, and the central axis separately at knife rest 2, matrix 4 and detachable top 5 is then represented with C2, C4 and C5 respectively.What the cutter machining accuracy was played substantial role is that the central axis C 5 at detachable top 5 is concentric with the central axis C 3 of arbor 3.Therefore, the central axis C 5 that the objective of the invention is to guarantee detachable top 5 is positioned in the accurate extension straight line of central axis C 3 of arbor 3, and central axis C 2 and C4 are concentric fully with axis C3 and C5 once in a while.
With reference now to Fig. 2,, it illustrates a kind of design according to the interface between drill bit or matrix 4 and detachable top 5 of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Front end at matrix 4 is formed with groove 11, and slit 12 is opening therein, but this slit 12 is separated the shank 13 of two elastic deflections.Groove 11 is by basal surface 14 and two sides 15 are limited and the latter forms jaw portion, and the shape of this jaw portion comes to a point in the wedge shape mode along direction (making progress in the drawings) forward.Be formed with the hole 16 that is used for the fastening bolt (not shown) in a shank 13 therein, can be by this fastening bolt so that two shanks are deflected at a distance of certain distance.
On the end surfaces 23 of convex part 22, be formed with projection 27, with the base 28 of the basal surface 14 that is used for engagement grooves 11.
With regard to cutter shown in so far having described, its all substantive characteristics all are known.Cutter of the prior art is characterized in that it is immovable state with respect to matrix centering that projection 27 can be used in detachable top, and more definite is can form tight the contact because the shape that it had makes with base when base 28 is inserted at detachable top.
Cutting tool according to the present invention is characterised in that, base 28 is bigger than projection 27, thereby makes the convex part 22 at detachable top 5 to move back and forth in groove 11, and makes this detachable top centering voluntarily.More definite, detachable top 5 should be positioned at the center, wherein its central axis C5 is consistent with the imaginary extension line of the central axis C of arbor 3, must be consistent with the extension line of axis C3 along its whole length and need not the central axis C 4 of matrix 4.
In the embodiment according to Fig. 2-7, projection 27 and base 28 all have tetragonal basic configuration.Therefore, projection 27 is limited by the end surfaces 30 that is suitable for having a flat shape of four flat side surfaces 29 and bottom.As obviously finding out in Fig. 6 and 7, side surface 29 tilts with respect to the end surfaces 23 of convex part, thus say so more accurately mutually towards tilt and should projection come to a point substantially along inside direction along direction away from surface 23.Base 28 preferably has and the essentially identical shape of this projection, and this base and basal surfaces 32 side surface 31 peace that tilt flat by four are limited.Yet this base is bigger than projection usually.In this respect, should be understood that detachable top 5 contacts with surface between the matrix 4 respectively only forms between the side surface 24 of between the end surfaces 25,26 and side 15 of groove and convex part.This means that the end surfaces 23 of convex part and the basal surface 14 of groove are formed with at interval, as in Fig. 6 and 7, obviously finding out.And projection 27 height so is adjusted into respect to the degree of depth of base 28 and makes surface 30 and 32 not be in contact with one another.In other words, described projection does not contact the bottom of base.
In Fig. 6, projection 27 is shown the state that mediates in base 28, that is, two side surfaces 29 on the projection have certain interval with the respective side surface 31 in the base.From then on the centre position that is limited by reference line R is located, and projection 27 promptly is parallel in the side 15 of groove in the plane that is limited by groove 11, can move back and forth.Yet this projection can not move perpendicular to described plane, but because deflection shank 13 presses side surface 24 and linear this convex part of guiding of convex part 22.In this respect, what should emphasize is, projection 27 in groove 11 mobility and do not mean that this projection can move freely.On the contrary, when mounted, to projection and the detachable top that is in the optional position, but deflection shank 13 can be guaranteed this projection generation prestressing force.Therefore, when detachable top had been cut workpiece and has been subjected to sizable cutting force, detachable top at first produced lateral displacement.In other words, as long as drill bit rotation and need not to cut in the workpiece, described shank all can clamp the projection that is positioned at any given position.
Shown in Figure 7 protruding 27 are displaced to end position to the right after standing cutting force, wherein right lateral surface 29 is against the right lateral surface 31 of base.The measuring that this projection moves to position shown in Figure 7 from position shown in Figure 6 apart from the size difference between d formation base and the projection.In other words, measure d can be considered limit detachable top along the mobility of radial direction (along diametric mobility=2d).
In practice, along the longitudinal extension direction of groove, the difference between the width of the width of base 28 and projection is according to the diameter of drill bit and different, say that more accurately in having the drill bit of minor diameter, this difference is less, and in having large diameter drill bit, this difference is then bigger.Yet in various situations, the difference between the width of the width of base and projection should reach 0.02mm (d=0.01mm).On the other hand, the width of base at the most should be than the width of projection big 0.20mm (d=0.10mm).In practice, the difference between the width of the width of base and projection is preferably in the scope of 0.04-0.16mm, and is more suitable in the scope of 0.07-0.13mm.
By measuring the fact that can radially move in the determined scope of 2d, when the incision workpiece, it is centering voluntarily based on described detachable top.Therefore, if for a certain reason or other reason, for example, small form defective in tolerance in the interface and/or matrix and/or the knife rest 2 etc., and make the central axis C 4 be positioned at towards the matrix 4 of the interface zone at detachable top fail with the central axis C 3 of arbor 3 concentric, then detachable top will be moved towards the center, and described center is limited by the extension straight line of the central axis C 3 of arbor.When detachable top has been cut in the workpiece and is subjected to significantly being better than by shank 13 and does the time spent towards the prestressed cutting force that the convex part 22 at this detachable top is applied, will this thing happens.
In the cutter according to Fig. 2-7, base 28 is positioned half part that is positioned at slit 12 1 sides of basal surface 14 on the whole, and projection 27 also is arranged on a corresponding side.
With reference now to Fig. 8,, it illustrates a kind of optional embodiment, wherein elongated base 28 bridge joint on slit 12.More definite, in this case, this base forms upwards to be opened and at the part groove of two unanimities of slit 12 inner openings.The projection 27 at detachable top 5 has the elongated shape basic configuration identical with base 28, though in the ledge width of measuring between two side surfaces 29 less than the width of base between two side surfaces 31.With the fact of base perpendicular to the radial motion direction orientation at detachable top 5, the contact surface 29,31 that forms stop part in two external positions at detachable top is extended based on this elongated raised.
Be that at aforesaid embodiment and according to another difference between the embodiment of Fig. 8 the latter does not possess the fastening bolt that is used for shank 13 deflections.On the contrary, be oval-shaped keyway 33 being formed with cross section near slit 12 places, be similarly oval-shaped key to be used to inserting cross section, can be by this key with shank deflection.
In Fig. 9, illustrate according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention.In this case, in the convex part 22 at detachable top 5, be formed with base 28.More accurately, this base 28 be shaped as the V-shaped groove of elongated cross section, this groove is immersed oneself in to be formed in the surface 23 and is extended along the whole width of convex part.27 of projectioies are formed in the groove of matrix 4.More accurately, it is shaped as V-shaped protuberance of cross section or ridge this projection, and it is from the basal surface upper process of groove 14.Preferably, described ridge extends along the whole width of groove, though it is blocked by slit 12.In the above described manner, the width of base 28 is greater than the width of projection 27, so that convex part 22 can move back and forth short distance in groove.
With reference now to Figure 10-13,, how directed in plane P its groove 11 that illustrates in the matrix 4 is.In Figure 13, the detachable top of symmetry is shown, what two equidistantly separated promptly is positioned at by in the represented sagittal plane of EP along the relative cutting edge 21 of diametric(al).It is desirable to the convex part 22 at detachable top is oriented among the EP of plane, but because how much/structural reason, this is difficulty or impossible (depending on the shaping of chip area 10,20).Therefore, this convex part can only be orientated the α that has a certain degree with sagittal plane EP usually.Described angle [alpha] is about 15 ° in the embodiment according to Figure 12, should be as much as possible little, and under any circumstance all be no more than 30 °.Preferably, angle [alpha] should be less than 20 ° to 25 °.
Figure 13 illustrates another embodiment at detachable top.In this case, convex part 22 is rotated along clockwise direction with respect to convex part shown in Figure 12.It is same that angle [alpha] should be above 30 ° at this moment.
The present invention is not limited in above-mentioned and embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Therefore, in the scope of appended claim, the geometry of projection and the base that matches with it can be changed to and have a variety of different forms.For example, projection and base can have rotational symmetric basic configuration respectively, and be for example cylindrical or be the basic configuration of circular cone slightly.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100673267A CN100488683C (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Rotatable cutter for chip-removing machining |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH04010104 | 2004-04-20 | ||
| CNB2005100673267A CN100488683C (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Rotatable cutter for chip-removing machining |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1689740A CN1689740A (en) | 2005-11-02 |
| CN100488683C true CN100488683C (en) | 2009-05-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100673267A Expired - Fee Related CN100488683C (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Rotatable cutter for chip-removing machining |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100488683C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101879621A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-11-10 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Drilling tool and cam spanner for assembling and disassembling same |
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| SE533855C2 (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-02-08 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Rotatable tool for chip separating machining as well as loose stop and basic body for this |
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| DE112009001130B4 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2019-08-14 | Osg Corporation | Rotating disposable tool |
| CN101856735B (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-18 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Drilling cutter |
| US8992141B2 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2015-03-31 | Iscar, Ltd. | Cutting head having resilient male coupling member for cutting tool and method of assembly thereof |
| DE102013205889B3 (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2014-05-28 | Kennametal Inc. | Coupling structure e.g. cutting head for rotary tool e.g. drilling tool, has coupling pin with clamping faces and stop surfaces that are arranged in different dispensing areas |
| DE102013209371B4 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2021-04-29 | Kennametal Inc. | Coupling part, in particular cutting head for a rotary tool, as well as coupling part and rotary tool complementary thereto |
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| USD798921S1 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2017-10-03 | Kennametal Inc. | Cutting head for modular drill |
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| USD798922S1 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2017-10-03 | Kennametal Inc. | Cutting head for rotary drill |
| CN107225271A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-10-03 | 江苏天工工具有限公司 | A kind of new high speed steel twist drill |
| DE102017205166B4 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2021-12-09 | Kennametal Inc. | Modular rotary tool and modular tool system |
| DE102017212054B4 (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2019-02-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Method for producing a cutting head and cutting head |
| US10799958B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2020-10-13 | Kennametal Inc. | Modular rotary cutting tool |
| CN112077370B (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2024-10-01 | 肯纳金属印度有限公司 | Indexable drill insert |
| CN111361020B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2021-01-05 | 大连理工大学 | Split drilling tool connecting structure for high-speed machining |
-
2005
- 2005-04-20 CN CNB2005100673267A patent/CN100488683C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101879621A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-11-10 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Drilling tool and cam spanner for assembling and disassembling same |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1689740A (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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