CN100484892C - Comhined-flow artificial wet land and its application system - Google Patents
Comhined-flow artificial wet land and its application system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100484892C CN100484892C CNB2005100479356A CN200510047935A CN100484892C CN 100484892 C CN100484892 C CN 100484892C CN B2005100479356 A CNB2005100479356 A CN B2005100479356A CN 200510047935 A CN200510047935 A CN 200510047935A CN 100484892 C CN100484892 C CN 100484892C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
一种复合流人工湿地，由垂直流人工湿地单元和水平流砾石床上下组合而成，垂直流湿地单元位于系统的上部，水平流砾石床位于系统下部，从结构上来讲是一个整体。本发明是立体组合而成的污水生态处理系统，水平流砾石床位于垂直流湿地单元的下部，减少了占地面积，其具有独特的除氮效果，污水中的TSS、BOD和TN得到有效的去除，出水可以通过集水井收集，进而回用于小区内绿地浇灌或作为杂用水等。另外小区的雨水径流可以收集后储存在地下沉淀池中，沉降后可以通过复合流人工湿地进行处理回用，可同时实现小区内的生活污水和雨水径流的原位处理，还可实现雨污水的资源化。
A compound flow constructed wetland is composed of a vertical flow constructed wetland unit and a horizontal flow gravel bed. The vertical flow wetland unit is located in the upper part of the system, and the horizontal flow gravel bed is located in the lower part of the system. From a structural point of view, it is a whole. The present invention is a three-dimensional combined sewage ecological treatment system. The horizontal flow gravel bed is located at the lower part of the vertical flow wetland unit, which reduces the occupied area. It has a unique nitrogen removal effect, and the TSS, BOD and TN in the sewage are effectively recovered. The effluent can be collected through the water collection well, and then reused for irrigation of green areas in the community or as miscellaneous water. In addition, the rainwater runoff in the community can be collected and stored in the underground sedimentation tank. After settlement, it can be treated and reused through the compound flow artificial wetland, which can realize the in-situ treatment of domestic sewage and rainwater runoff in the community at the same time, and can also realize the rainwater sewage. resourceful.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ecological wastewater processing technology, the compound flow constructed wetland of a kind of sewage disposal specifically and application system thereof.
Background technology
Artificial swamp is a kind of sewage disposal technology that grows up late 1970s, has distinct characteristic and advantage, is accepted all over the world very soon, is obtaining application more and more widely.Artificial swamp is the Sewage treatment systems that a kind of artificial design can realize the natural wetland ecological process, it makes full use of wetland plant, soil and microorganism thereof and removes pollutants in sewage, the same with other natural treatment systems, wet land treating system can bring extra benefit, and the investment working cost is low, maintenance management convenient but the bigger system of floor space to be one.Adopt artificial swamp to dispose of sewage and can be the wetland that the mankind preserve and construction has very high environmental benefit, the artificial swamp technology is at present in widespread use all over the world.
Artificial swamp can be divided into two types according to the position of the water surface: surface low artificial swamp and drowned flow artificial wet land; Compare the current wetland high insulating effect with the surface low artificial swamp, treatment effect is subjected to the influence in weather, season less, and management is proper in the operational process can effectively prevent the breeding of flies and mosquitoes and the stink generation, but it is big many that the output investment ratio surface-flow is wanted, and at present adopts drowned flow artificial wet lands to dispose of sewage both at home and abroad more.Drowned flow artificial wet land also can be divided into horizontal drowned flow artificial wet land and vertical subsurface flow wetland according to leading current.
The horizontal drowned flow system is adopted by people at first, the example that a large amount of operations are also arranged at present, when being used to second-stage treatment, can remove BOD and TSS in the sewage effectively, because the little efficiencies of nitrogen removal of oxygen transmission quantity is poor, to through the waste water of nitration treatment denitrification for Removing Nitrogen effectively, can reach good nitrification effect when being used for tertiary treatment.On the whole, the horizontal flow system is because its filtration capacity can be removed TSS and pathogenic bacteria, and the removal of BOD and oxygen transmission quantity are closely related, and BOD, TSS and pathogenic bacteria can reach higher removal, have denitrification function; It is poor that shortcoming is exactly the oxygen transmit force, so nitrated ability is lower to the clearance of ammonia nitrogen and TN.
The vertical current system has very high oxygen transmittability, not only can remove BOD effectively, and can realize effectively nitratedly, also can remove pathogenic bacteria; The land seizure amount is lacked than horizontal flow in addition.So receive very big concern recent years, obtained promotion and application largely.Its shortcoming is, and is relatively poor to the removal effect of TSS, and stops up easily.
At present, applying of domestic artificial swamp technology also mainly is the wet land system of single flow pattern, perhaps adopt undercurrent surface low bonded form, the precedent of vertical current system and horizontal flow system in combination not being used also, and modeling effort also only limits to the combination research on the plane, do not have understanding system, deep and report for the wetland combination of different flow patterns.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound flow constructed wetland and application system thereof, not only can remove COD, TSS and pathogenic bacteria in the sewage, and can effectively remove total nitrogen in the sewage, simultaneously, the artificial wet land system of the compactness that is provided, it can be used in the city neighborhood, and the environment around beautifying when purifying waste water is brought into play its ecological and aesthstic meaning fully.
To achieve these goals, concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of compound flow constructed wetland, combined up and down by vertical current constructed wetland unit and horizontal flow gravel bed, the vertical-flow wetland unit is positioned at the top of system, and horizontal flow gravel berth is in the system bottom, from structure is an integral body, and the removal of nitrogen element in the sewage is had good effect.
Described compound flow constructed wetland, after the vertical-flow wetland unit bottom perforated pipe on top is received water, enter into the horizontal flow gravel bed top of bottom by bend pipe, the horizontal flow gravel bed bottom gradient is 1～5%, the bottom water outlet, the bed body depth ratio of vertical-flow wetland unit and horizontal flow gravel bed is that (be that the vertical current constructed wetland unit depth is greater than horizontal flow gravel bed, depth ratio is (1～3) to 3:1～1:1: 1); Pool and the feed-water end of horizontal flow gravel bed and the big gravel that 10～20mm is all adopted in the water side are received in the unitary bottom of vertical-flow wetland, and other part adopts the gravel of thin (1-10mm); Can adopt geotextile or certain thickness watertightness material barrier to get final product between two-layer up and down, and need not adopt civil engineering structure.
The vertical-flow wetland unit adopts perforated tube pressurization water distribution manner, can increase contacting of sewage and air like this, the wetland medium adopts no native different-grain diameter 1-10mm gravel grating, and (grating is the blended meaning, can be that uniform mixing also can be laid according to certain particle diameter layering), it is weedy to prevent effectively that wet land system from forming the phase, the vertical-flow wetland unit depth is 40～80cm, according to the corresponding adjustment of selecting of wetland plant, plant can be selected landscape type, moderate, the highly moderate wetland plant of biomass, as medium-sized Canna generalis Bailey, water certain herbaceous plants with big flowers etc.; The shape of wetland can adopt irregularly shaped as oval or suit measures to local conditions, turf plant or establish rubble and mark time for visitor's walking between the wetland unit.
The application system of compound flow constructed wetland, enter after the settling tank pre-treatment through the sanitary sewage of septic tank and/or the rainfall runoff of sub-district, at first enter the vertical-flow wetland unit, TSS and BOD in the sewage are effectively removed, reach nitrated preferably simultaneously, the removal of BOD and nitratedly finish synchronously, this mainly is an oxygen transmittability of having utilized the vertical-flow wetland unit higher, also make organonitrogen change into ammonia nitrogen in addition in the vertical-flow wetland unit simultaneously, denitrification has taken place in a spot of nitrate; The water outlet of vertical-flow wetland unit enters the horizontal flow gravel bed of lower floor, its inside is based on anaerobic environment, pollutants in sewage is further removed in horizontal flow gravel bed, main scrubbing process is a nitrate generation anti-nitration reaction in the waste water, and the TN in the sewage is effectively removed.Water outlet can be collected by pump well, and then is back in the sub-district green land irrigation or as miscellaneous water etc.The rainfall runoff of sub-district is stored in the underground settling tank after can be collected in addition, can handle reuse by compound flow constructed wetland after the sedimentation, the sanitary sewage in the sub-district and the in-situ treatment of rainfall runoff can be realized so simultaneously, but also the rain sewage recycling can be realized.
The present invention has following advantage:
A kind of compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention has carried out optimum combination to prior art, and carry out optimization design from structure, reduce floor space,, have more following advantage for the popularization and the application of artificial swamp ecological wastewater processing technology in particularly newly-built sub-district, city provides theoretical foundation:
1. compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention is the sewage ecological treatment system that is combined by vertical current constructed wetland unit and horizontal flow gravel bed solid, horizontal flow gravel berth is in the unitary bottom of vertical-flow wetland, floor space significantly reduces, plane combination less than two kinds of single technologies, more less than the floor space of the wetland of a certain form, the Residential areas that has certain green coverage in the city, particularly city that can be applied to use the soil in short supply.
2. compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention can be complemented each other the relative merits of horizontal drowned flow system and vertical current system, and is better to sewage treatment effect, can effectively remove BOD, TSS and TN.Compound flow constructed wetland has unique efficiencies of nitrogen removal, after sanitary sewage process septic tank and the settling tank pre-treatment, enter the vertical-flow wetland unit, it is nitrated preferably that TSS in the sewage and BOD reach when effectively being removed, water outlet enters horizontal flow gravel bed, because its oxygen transmittability is poor, environment is to detest anaerobic environment in the system, main scrubbing process is a nitrate generation anti-nitration reaction in the waste water, TN in the sewage is effectively removed, water outlet can be collected by pump well, and then is back in the sub-district green land irrigation or as miscellaneous water etc.
3. compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention has unique removal effect to nitrogen element in the sewage, ammonia nitrogen has obtained sufficient nitrated, the nitrate nitrogen that forms has also been realized the denitrification of part, when the BOD value in the sewage is low, can also realize endogenous denitrification, make the nitrogen element finally change into gas release, realized substantial denitrogenating.
4. compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention can carry out synchronously with the construction of urban afforestation and sub-district, has certain landscape effect, has increased sewage ecological treatment system and human avidity, has guaranteed environmental health, has beautified living environment.
5. drawing-in system carried out purifying treatment after compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention can compile the rainfall runoff in the sub-district in addition, had solved sanitary sewage and rainfall runoff pollution problems simultaneously; The Pluvial rainwash of sub-district can be in settling tank after the sedimentation storage, can enter the combined-flow wetland after the sedimentation and handle reuse, can realize the sanitary sewage in the sub-district and the in-situ treatment of rainfall runoff so simultaneously, but also can realize that the rain sewage recycling realizes from the source the control of runoff pollution has been reduced its pollution to surface water body.
6. system of the present invention water outlet can reuse and green land irrigation, is used for reclaimed waters such as carwash after also can simply sterilizing, and can realize sewage recycling.
7. operation scheme of the present invention is multiple, and adjustable controlled; Can establish a plurality of systemic circulation operations, can guarantee system stability like this, improve the efficient of system again.
8. the present invention can realize the zero release of sewage in the urban cells, economic benefit, environmental benefit and obvious social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of compound flow constructed wetland of the present invention system;
Fig. 2 is a compound flow constructed wetland internal structure synoptic diagram among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 middle punch water distributor structural representation.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, at first enter the decomposition of fermenting in the septic tank 2 from sanitary sewage 1 with residential building, but overflow enters settling tank 3 and removes settleable solids through precipitation then, the rainwash 4 in Pluvial is collected earlier and is carried out the sedimentation storage in the settling tank 3, sewage in the settling tank promotes pressurization through sewage pump plant 5 and enters into compound flow constructed wetland system 7, water inlet is that the perforation water distributor 6 by the wetland upper strata reaches water distribution uniformity, cover coarse sand or cobble on the perforated pipe, prevent that foul smell from distributing and do not influence and atmospheric exchange.Waste water is introduced into the vertical current unit 8 on system upper strata, entering the unitary a large amount of oxygen of vertical current by suction function, that it also can be realized in the removal of effectively finishing BOD more fully is nitrated, in order to improve the long-term stability of the unitary processing efficiency of vertical current and the system of assurance, can carry out the operation scheme of circular gap.The vertical current unit is collected the back flow by gravity by the bottom perforated pipe and is entered in the horizontal flow gravel bed 9, horizontal flow gravel bed makes the BOD in the water, TSS and pathogenic bacteria etc. are further removed, making in the waste water itrated nitrogen element carry out denitrification becomes nitrogen and discharges, realize the most basic denitrogenating, under the lower situation of the organic concentration of waste water, some denitrification is an endogenous denitrification, the water outlet of horizontal flow gravel bed enters to collect to collect in the well 10 and stores, regularly open the lift pump room in the pump house 11, can water the lawn 12 of sub-district, also can be by behind the further sterilizing unit 13, enter into car carwash 14 as miscellaneous water, when the water outlet of horizontal flow gravel bed is undesirable, can start in the pump house 11 reflux pump with effluent recycling to feed-water end.
The wetland plant 15 of plantation is mainly the landscape type hygrophyte in compound flow constructed wetland system 7, the internal matrix that adopts is mainly gravel 16, wherein the turnover water end (W.E.) of the bottom of vertical current unit 8 and horizontal flow gravel bed is big gravel 17, adopting geotextile or certain thickness impervious materials 18 to separate between two-layer up and down gets final product, the bottom of total system and need to do antiseepage all around prevents polluted underground water in addition.
But the compound flow constructed wetland intermittent operation improves operational efficiency and system stability, and the cycle of operation is 4～12h; Water distribution adopts pressurization perforated pipe mode, the dissolved oxygen in suction function when increase sewage is descending and then the raising sewage.Wetland effluent advances pump well, and then is back to green land irrigation or as miscellaneous water etc., has realized the in-situ treatment and the resource utilization of sewage.
Compound flow constructed wetland is because the function environment that itself has, total nitrogen had unique removal effect, under the condition that is all hydraulic load 10～20cm/d processing sanitary sewage, the clearance to TN of compound flow constructed wetland can reach 80～90%, and simple horizontal flow artificial wetland or vertical current constructed wetland only can reach 40～60%.So the floor space of compound flow constructed wetland system has just reduced greatly under identical processing requirements.
Claims (5)
1. compound flow constructed wetland, it is characterized in that: combined up and down by vertical current constructed wetland unit and horizontal flow gravel bed, the vertical-flow wetland unit is positioned at the top of system, and horizontal flow gravel berth is an integral body in the system bottom from structure.
2. according to the described compound flow constructed wetland of claim 1, it is characterized in that: after the vertical-flow wetland unit bottom perforated pipe on top is received water, enter into the horizontal flow gravel bed top of bottom by bend pipe, the horizontal flow gravel bed bottom gradient is 1～5%, the bottom water outlet, the bed body depth ratio of vertical-flow wetland unit and horizontal flow gravel bed is 3:1～1:1.
3. according to the described compound flow constructed wetland of claim 1, it is characterized in that: pool and the feed-water end of horizontal flow gravel bed and the big gravel that 10～20mm is all adopted in the water side are received in the unitary bottom of vertical-flow wetland, and other part adopts the gravel of 1-10mm.
4. according to the described compound flow constructed wetland of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vertical-flow wetland unit adopts perforated tube pressurization water distribution manner, the wetland medium adopts no native different-grain diameter 1-10mm gravel grating, the vertical-flow wetland unit depth is 40～80cm, according to the corresponding adjustment of selecting of wetland plant, turf plant or establish rubble and mark time between the wetland unit for visitor's walking.
5. the application method of a compound flow constructed wetland, it is characterized in that: enter after the settling tank pre-treatment through the sanitary sewage of septic tank and/or the rainfall runoff of sub-district, at first enter the vertical-flow wetland unit, the water outlet of vertical-flow wetland unit enters the horizontal flow gravel bed of lower floor, its inside is based on anaerobic environment, water outlet can be collected by pump well, and then is back in the sub-district green land irrigation or as miscellaneous water.
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| CNB2005100479356A CN100484892C (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2005-12-07 | Comhined-flow artificial wet land and its application system |
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| CNB2005100479356A CN100484892C (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2005-12-07 | Comhined-flow artificial wet land and its application system |
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| CN100484892C true CN100484892C (en) | 2009-05-06 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101186382B (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | 浙江师范大学 | A three-dimensional artificial wetland system for sewage treatment |
| CN101638288B (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-07-27 | 同济大学 | Filtration-fabric anti-clogging strengthening compound flow constructed wetland domestic sewage treatment system |
| CN101704586B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-07-20 | 山东大学 | Nesting mixed flow constructed wetland |
| CN102381805B (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2013-04-03 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Method and device for comprehensively purifying runoff rainwater |
| CN107055798B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-10-27 | 浙江中景市政园林建设有限公司 | Town road drainage system |
| CN110845085A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Water-saving zero-emission ecological toilet system and sewage treatment method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5733453A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | Azurea, Inc. | Wastewater treatment system and method |
| US20050082222A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-21 | Dharma Living Systems, Lc | Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5733453A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | Azurea, Inc. | Wastewater treatment system and method |
| US20050082222A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-21 | Dharma Living Systems, Lc | Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method |
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